JP2001187118A - Method and apparatus for medical treatment - Google Patents
Method and apparatus for medical treatmentInfo
- Publication number
- JP2001187118A JP2001187118A JP37256899A JP37256899A JP2001187118A JP 2001187118 A JP2001187118 A JP 2001187118A JP 37256899 A JP37256899 A JP 37256899A JP 37256899 A JP37256899 A JP 37256899A JP 2001187118 A JP2001187118 A JP 2001187118A
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- steam
- superheated steam
- medical
- wastes
- heating
- Prior art date
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Abstract
Description
【０００１】[0001]
【発明の属する技術分野】本発明は、感染性のある廃棄
物などに対して滅菌や消毒などの医療用の処理を行なう
医療用処理方法及びその装置に関するものである。BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a medical treatment method and apparatus for performing medical treatment such as sterilization and disinfection of infectious waste and the like.
【０００２】[0002]
【背景技術と発明が解決しようとする課題】病院などに
おいては、検査や治療などにおいて、各種の廃棄物が発
生する。これらの廃棄物のうち、特にシリンジ（注射
器），透析器具，ガーゼ，包帯などについては、病原菌
やウイルス等による感染の恐れがあるため、その処理に
は相当の注意が必要である。また、入院患者のベット，
シーツ，衣類，配膳台，手術着などの衣類や器具などに
ついても、同様に感染の恐れがあり、滅菌や消毒などの
作業が必要となる。2. Description of the Related Art In hospitals and the like, various kinds of waste are generated in inspections and treatments. Of these wastes, syringes, dialysis devices, gauze, bandages, and the like, in particular, need to be treated with extreme caution because of the risk of infection by pathogenic bacteria and viruses. Also, inpatient bets,
Clothes and equipment, such as sheets, clothing, serving tables, and surgical gowns, are also susceptible to infection, and require operations such as sterilization and disinfection.
【０００３】感染性廃棄物等の滅菌等を行なう方法とし
ては、高温・高圧の水蒸気（本明細書では単に「蒸気」
という）を使用するオートクレーブ滅菌法，ホルマリン
ガスやＥＯ（エチレンオキサイト）ガス等の噴霧を行な
うガス滅菌法などが知られている。[0003] As a method of sterilizing infectious waste and the like, high-temperature and high-pressure steam (hereinafter, simply referred to as "steam") is used.
Autoclave sterilization method using the above-mentioned method, gas sterilization method for spraying formalin gas, EO (ethylene oxide) gas or the like are known.
【０００４】しかしながら、前記オートクレーブ法にお
いては、高温・高圧の蒸気を使用するため、必ずしも取
り扱いが容易とはいえない。また、前記ガス滅菌法で使
用する滅菌用のガスは、人体に対しても有毒であり、そ
の取り扱いには十分な注意が必要である。However, in the autoclave method, since high-temperature and high-pressure steam is used, it is not always easy to handle. Further, the sterilizing gas used in the gas sterilization method is toxic to the human body, and its handling requires careful attention.
【０００５】一方、最近は、医療用の機械・器具も多様
化しており、その滅菌等の処理を必ずしも十分に行なう
ことができない恐れがある。例えば、人工透析で使用さ
れるフィルタであるダイヤライザは、一般的に２〜５リ
ットル程度の血液が残留した状態で廃棄される。このよ
うな廃棄物は、感染の危険性が高いにも拘わらず、十分
な滅菌等の処理を簡便に行なうことは困難である。On the other hand, recently, medical machines and instruments have been diversified, and there is a possibility that sterilization or the like cannot always be performed sufficiently. For example, a dialyzer, which is a filter used in artificial dialysis, is generally discarded with about 2 to 5 liters of blood remaining. Despite the high risk of infection of such waste, it is difficult to easily perform sufficient sterilization and other treatments.
【０００６】本発明は、これらの点に着目したもので、
各種の医療用の機械，器具，衣服などの滅菌等の医療用
処理を短時間で効率的に安全に行なうことができる取り
扱いの容易な医療用処理方法及び装置を提供すること
を、その目的とするものである。The present invention focuses on these points.
An object of the present invention is to provide an easy-to-handle medical treatment method and apparatus capable of performing medical treatment such as sterilization of various medical machines, instruments, and clothes in a short time, efficiently and safely. Is what you do.
【０００７】[0007]
【課題を解決するための手段】前記目的を達成するた
め、本発明は、蒸気を利用して対象物に医療用の処理を
施す医療用蒸気処理方法において、前記蒸気として過熱
蒸気を利用したことを特徴とする。主要な形態の一つ
は、前記過熱蒸気の圧力を常圧としたことを特徴とす
る。In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides a medical steam processing method for performing medical treatment on an object using steam, wherein superheated steam is used as the steam. It is characterized by. One of the main modes is characterized in that the pressure of the superheated steam is normal pressure.
【０００８】本発明の医療用処理装置は、蒸気を生成す
る蒸気生成手段；この蒸気生成手段によって生成された
蒸気を加熱して過熱蒸気を得る蒸気加熱手段；この蒸気
加熱手段によって得られた過熱蒸気を用いて対象物に医
療用の処理を施す処理手段；を備えたことを特徴とす
る。主要な形態の一つは、前記処理手段に供給される過
熱蒸気の温度又は圧力の少なくとも一方を制御する制御
手段を備えたことを特徴とする。[0008] The medical treatment apparatus of the present invention comprises: steam generating means for generating steam; steam heating means for heating the steam generated by the steam generating means to obtain superheated steam; and superheating obtained by the steam heating means. Processing means for performing a medical treatment on the object using steam; One of the main modes is characterized by including a control means for controlling at least one of the temperature and the pressure of the superheated steam supplied to the processing means.
【０００９】他の形態では、前記蒸気加熱手段が、熱伝
導性の管をつずら折り状に折り曲げて形成した加熱用の
細管を含むことを特徴とする。一例によれば、前記加熱
管の管径を、水の供給側から過熱蒸気の排出側に行くに
従って拡大したことを特徴とする。更に他の形態は、前
記処理手段による処理後の対象物を紛体とする紛体化手
段を備えたことを特徴とする。In another embodiment, the steam heating means includes a heating thin tube formed by bending a heat conductive tube in a foldable manner. According to one example, the diameter of the heating pipe is increased from the water supply side to the superheated steam discharge side. Still another embodiment is characterized in that a powdering means for powdering the object processed by the processing means is provided.
【００１０】[0010]
【発明の実施の形態】以下、本発明の一実施形態につい
て詳細に説明する。なお、以下の説明では、医療用廃棄
物に対して本発明を適用した場合を例として説明する。
図１には、本実施形態の全体構成が示されている。同図
に示すように、本形態では、飽和蒸気を更に加熱した過
熱蒸気が利用される。過熱蒸気は、空気を汚さないため
に環境に好ましく、対流のみならず放射によっても熱を
伝達する作用があるために熱容量が大きいという特徴が
ある。また、本形態で使用される過熱蒸気は圧力が常圧
であるため、高圧蒸気の場合と比較して取り扱いが容易
である。DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS One embodiment of the present invention will be described below in detail. In the following description, a case where the present invention is applied to medical waste will be described as an example.
FIG. 1 shows the overall configuration of the present embodiment. As shown in the figure, in the present embodiment, superheated steam obtained by further heating saturated steam is used. Superheated steam is preferable to the environment because it does not pollute the air, and has a feature that it has a large heat capacity because it has an action of transferring heat not only by convection but also by radiation. Further, the superheated steam used in the present embodiment has a normal pressure, and thus is easier to handle than the case of high-pressure steam.
【００１１】過熱蒸気発生装置１００によって生成され
た過熱蒸気は、加熱処理機１０２に送られる。この加熱
処理機１０２には、使用済みの医療用器具や医療用廃棄
物などが収納されており、これらに過熱蒸気が噴射され
る。上述したように、過熱蒸気は熱容量が大きいため、
廃棄物等は短時間で加熱処理される。この加熱処理によ
り、細菌やウイルスなどの死滅除去が行なわれる。ま
た、蒸気が高温であるため、廃棄物の乾燥も行なわれ
る。このため、廃棄物に血液などが残留していても、乾
燥効果によってその隅々まで過熱蒸気が行き渡るように
なり、滅菌等が行なわれる。The superheated steam generated by the superheated steam generator 100 is sent to a heat treatment unit 102. Used heat treatment equipment, medical waste, and the like are stored in the heat treatment machine 102, and superheated steam is injected into these. As mentioned above, superheated steam has a large heat capacity,
Wastes are heat-treated in a short time. By this heat treatment, bacteria and viruses are killed and removed. Further, since the steam is at a high temperature, the waste is dried. For this reason, even if blood or the like remains in the waste, the superheated steam spreads to every corner by the drying effect, and sterilization and the like are performed.
【００１２】感染性の医療用廃棄物は、加熱処理後非感
染性の一般廃棄物となり、クラッシャ（破砕機）１０４
に送られる。クラッシャ１０４では、処理後の廃棄物が
破砕され、紛体となった廃棄物が廃棄容器１０６に収容
される。以後は、一般廃棄物として処理される。The infectious medical waste becomes non-infectious general waste after the heat treatment, and becomes a crusher (crusher) 104.
Sent to In the crusher 104, the processed waste is crushed, and the powdered waste is stored in a waste container 106. After that, it will be treated as general waste.
【００１３】次に、図２を参照して、本実施形態にかか
る処理装置の一例について説明する。同図において、蒸
気を生成するボイラー１０の蒸気吐出側は、バルブ１２
を介して電磁弁１４に接続されている。電磁弁１４は、
その開閉制御スイッチ１６が蒸気指令スイッチ１８に接
続されており，これによって電磁弁１４の開閉制御が行
なわれる構成となっている。前記ボイラー１０として
は、処理対象にもよるが、例えば蒸気圧が１kg／cm２以
下で、蒸気量が１０L／h程度の小型のものでも使用可能
である。Next, an example of a processing apparatus according to the present embodiment will be described with reference to FIG. In the figure, a steam discharge side of a boiler 10 for generating steam is provided with a valve 12.
Is connected to the electromagnetic valve 14 via the. The solenoid valve 14
The opening / closing control switch 16 is connected to the steam command switch 18, whereby the opening / closing control of the electromagnetic valve 14 is performed. As the boiler 10, although it depends on the processing object, for example, a small boiler having a steam pressure of 1 kg / cm 2 or less and a steam amount of about 10 L / h can be used.
【００１４】電磁弁１４の蒸気吐出側は、常圧過熱蒸気
発生装置２０に接続されている。この常圧過熱蒸気発生
装置２０は、特願平１１−１８９５６２号として出願さ
れたもので、過熱蒸気発生器２２と安全装置２４を含ん
でいる。これらのうち、過熱蒸気発生器２２は、例えば
図３に示すような構成となっている。同図において、加
熱室２５内には、熱伝導性の管（以下「細管」という）
２６がつずら折り状に設けられている。細管２６は、例
えばＵ字管を接続することによって得られる。The steam discharge side of the solenoid valve 14 is connected to a normal pressure superheated steam generator 20. The normal pressure superheated steam generator 20 is an application filed as Japanese Patent Application No. 11-189562, and includes a superheated steam generator 22 and a safety device 24. Among them, the superheated steam generator 22 has, for example, a configuration as shown in FIG. In the figure, a heat conductive tube (hereinafter referred to as a “small tube”) is provided in a heating chamber 25.
26 are provided in the shape of a fold. The thin tube 26 is obtained, for example, by connecting a U-shaped tube.
【００１５】細管２６の管内径は、もちろん同一として
もよいが、本例では蒸気の流入側から流出側に行くに従
って大きくなっている。このように、管径を徐々に太く
することで、加熱に伴う蒸気の体積膨張に基づく圧力上
昇を抑制することができる。過熱蒸気の圧力を抑制する
ことで、後述する処理室内に過熱蒸気が一気に噴出すと
いった不都合を防止することができる。管径の拡大は、
段階的に行ってもよいし、連続的に行ってもよい。図示
の例では、蒸気の流入側から流出側に向かって段階的に
細管が拡大している。The inner diameter of the narrow tube 26 may be the same, of course, but in the present embodiment, it increases from the inflow side to the outflow side of the steam. As described above, by gradually increasing the pipe diameter, it is possible to suppress a pressure increase due to the volume expansion of the steam accompanying the heating. By suppressing the pressure of the superheated steam, it is possible to prevent such a problem that the superheated steam is blown into the processing chamber described later at once. Expansion of the pipe diameter
It may be performed stepwise or continuously. In the illustrated example, the narrow tube expands stepwise from the inflow side to the outflow side of the steam.
【００１６】加熱室２５には、更にヒータ２８が設けら
れている。このヒータ２８は、細管中の蒸気を加熱して
過熱蒸気とするためのものである。また、細管２６の蒸
気吐出側は、安全装置２４に接続されている。この安全
装置２４は、細管２６の蒸気を逃がして圧力の上昇を抑
制するためのものである。すなわち、この安全装置２４
の蒸気吐出側と細管２６の蒸気流入側との間に圧力計３
０が設けられており、これによる測定結果に応じて安全
装置２０が作用し、細管２６内の圧力が所定以上となら
ないように制御されている。The heating chamber 25 is further provided with a heater 28. The heater 28 is for heating the steam in the thin tube to be superheated steam. The steam discharge side of the thin tube 26 is connected to the safety device 24. The safety device 24 is for releasing the vapor of the narrow tube 26 to suppress the pressure increase. That is, this safety device 24
Pressure gauge 3 between the steam discharge side of
0 is provided, and the safety device 20 is actuated in accordance with the measurement result, so that the pressure in the thin tube 26 is controlled so as not to exceed a predetermined value.
【００１７】過熱蒸気発生器２２のヒータ２８には、電
源３２から電磁開閉器３４及び加熱制御装置３６を介し
て電力が供給されている。一方、前記細管２６の蒸気吐
出側には、生成された過熱蒸気の温度を検知するための
温度センサ３８が設けられている。この温度センサ３８
は前記加熱制御装置３６に接続されており、温度センサ
３８の検知結果に基づいてヒータ２８に対する通電量が
加熱制御装置３６によって制御されるようになってい
る。これにより、過熱蒸気発生器２２で生成される過熱
蒸気の温度が所定の値に制御される。The heater 28 of the superheated steam generator 22 is supplied with electric power from a power source 32 via an electromagnetic switch 34 and a heating control device 36. On the other hand, a temperature sensor 38 for detecting the temperature of the generated superheated steam is provided on the steam discharge side of the thin tube 26. This temperature sensor 38
Is connected to the heating control device 36, and the amount of electricity supplied to the heater 28 is controlled by the heating control device 36 based on the detection result of the temperature sensor 38. Thereby, the temperature of the superheated steam generated by the superheated steam generator 22 is controlled to a predetermined value.
【００１８】過熱蒸気発生器２２の蒸気吐出側，すなわ
ち細管２６の蒸気吐出側は、処理室４０及びドレンバル
ブ４２に接続されている。これらのうち、処理室４０
は、医療用廃棄物に対して滅菌，乾燥等の処理を行なう
ための部屋である。この処理室４０は、冷却ファン４４
によって送風冷却も行なわれる。ドレンバルブ４２は、
処理室４０に対して医療用廃棄物の出し入れを行なう際
に開閉され、蒸気の逃げ道となる。The steam discharge side of the superheated steam generator 22, that is, the steam discharge side of the thin tube 26 is connected to a processing chamber 40 and a drain valve 42. Of these, the processing chamber 40
Is a room for performing treatment such as sterilization and drying on medical waste. The processing chamber 40 includes a cooling fan 44
As a result, the air is cooled. The drain valve 42 is
It is opened and closed when medical waste is taken in and out of the processing chamber 40, and serves as a steam escape route.
【００１９】前記冷却ファン４４は、前記電磁開閉器３
４に接続されている。この電磁開閉器３４によって、ヒ
ータ２８と冷却ファン４４のいずれか一方に電力が供給
されるように切り換えが行なわれる。これは、処理室４
０に対して過熱蒸気を供給するときは、ヒータ２８に通
電するものの冷却ファン４４には通電の必要はない。逆
に、処理室４０を冷却するときは、冷却ファン４４に通
電するもののヒータ２８には通電の必要はない。このよ
うな通電切り換えが電磁開閉器３４によって行なわれる
ようになっている。The cooling fan 44 is provided with the electromagnetic switch 3
4 is connected. Switching is performed by the electromagnetic switch 34 so that power is supplied to one of the heater 28 and the cooling fan 44. This is processing room 4
When supplying superheated steam to 0, the heater 28 is energized, but the cooling fan 44 does not need to be energized. Conversely, when cooling the processing chamber 40, the cooling fan 44 is energized but the heater 28 does not need to be energized. Such energization switching is performed by the electromagnetic switch 34.
【００２０】処理室４０の蒸気吐出側は、ドレンバルブ
４２の蒸気吐出側とともにピット４６に導かれている。
処理室４０で加熱処理を終えた蒸気や、ドレンバルブ４
２でバイパスされた蒸気は、冷却されてピット４６に導
かれる。なお、蒸気を冷却する装置をピット４６の手前
に設けるようにしてもよい。The steam discharge side of the processing chamber 40 is led to the pit 46 together with the steam discharge side of the drain valve 42.
The steam that has been heated in the processing chamber 40 or the drain valve 4
The steam bypassed in 2 is cooled and led to the pit 46. Note that a device for cooling the steam may be provided before the pit 46.
【００２１】次に、上述した本形態の作用を説明する。
まず、処理対象である医療用廃棄物を処理室４０に収容
する。具体的には、使用済みのシリンジやガーゼなどを
バケットなどに入れて処理室４０に入れる。そして、ボ
イラー１０の吐出側のバルブ１２を開くとともに、蒸気
指令スイッチ１８を操作して更に電磁弁１４を開く。す
ると、ボイラー１０で生成された蒸気が常圧過熱蒸気発
生装置２０の過熱蒸気発生器２２に供給される。Next, the operation of the above embodiment will be described.
First, the medical waste to be treated is stored in the treatment room 40. Specifically, used syringes, gauze, and the like are put in a bucket or the like and put in the processing chamber 40. Then, the valve 12 on the discharge side of the boiler 10 is opened, and the steam command switch 18 is operated to further open the solenoid valve 14. Then, the steam generated by the boiler 10 is supplied to the superheated steam generator 22 of the normal pressure superheated steam generator 20.
【００２２】一方、電磁開閉器３４を加熱制御装置３６
側に切り換えることで、電源３２から電力がヒータ２８
に供給される。これにより、過熱蒸気発生器２２に供給
された蒸気が加熱され、過熱蒸気となる。蒸気は、例え
ば２５０℃〜３００℃に加熱される。このとき、蒸気の
圧力が上昇すると、それが圧力計３０で検知され、安全
装置２４によって所定圧力となるように制御される。ま
た、過熱蒸気の温度は、温度センサ３８によって検知さ
れており、設定温度となるように加熱制御装置３６によ
ってヒータ２８に対する通電量が制御される。On the other hand, the electromagnetic switch 34 is connected to the heating control device 36
Side, power is supplied from the power source 32 to the heater 28.
Supplied to Thereby, the steam supplied to the superheated steam generator 22 is heated and becomes superheated steam. The steam is heated, for example, to 250C to 300C. At this time, when the pressure of the steam increases, it is detected by the pressure gauge 30 and is controlled by the safety device 24 so that the pressure becomes a predetermined pressure. Further, the temperature of the superheated steam is detected by a temperature sensor 38, and the amount of electricity supplied to the heater 28 is controlled by the heating control device 36 so as to reach the set temperature.
【００２３】このようにして得られた低圧の過熱蒸気
が、処理室４０に送られる。処理室４０では、医療用廃
棄物，すなわち使用済みの医療用器具などが過熱蒸気に
浸されるようになる。過熱蒸気は、上述したように熱容
量が大きいため、廃棄物は短時間で加熱される。この加
熱処理により、細菌やウイルスなどが死滅除去される。
また、廃棄物に含まれる水分が温度の上昇に伴って気化
し、廃棄物の乾燥も行われる。これにより、廃棄物の容
量（体積）も大幅に減少する。本発明に関して行なった
実験によれば、１／３程度に減少した。The low-pressure superheated steam thus obtained is sent to the processing chamber 40. In the treatment room 40, medical wastes, that is, used medical instruments and the like are immersed in the superheated steam. Since the superheated steam has a large heat capacity as described above, the waste is heated in a short time. This heat treatment kills and removes bacteria and viruses.
In addition, the moisture contained in the waste is vaporized as the temperature rises, and the waste is dried. Thereby, the volume (volume) of the waste is also greatly reduced. According to an experiment conducted with respect to the present invention, it was reduced to about 1/3.
【００２４】更に、廃棄物の乾燥も行なわれるため、液
物があっても隅々まで過熱蒸気が行き渡るようになり、
滅菌や乾燥が細部まで良好に行われる。例えば、血液が
残留している使用後の透析機器なども良好に処理され
る。処理後の蒸気は、ピット４６側に排出される。Further, since the waste is dried, even if there is a liquid material, the superheated steam spreads to every corner,
Sterilization and drying are performed in good detail. For example, dialysis equipment after use in which blood remains can be treated well. The processed steam is discharged to the pit 46 side.
【００２５】処理後の廃棄物を取り出すときは、まず、
ドレンバルブ４２を開いて過熱蒸気をドレン側に逃が
す。そして、電磁開閉器３４を冷却ファン４４側に切り
換えて処理室４０を冷却する。これにより、処理室４０
の温度が下がり、処理後の廃棄物を取り出すことができ
る。When taking out the treated waste, first,
Open the drain valve 42 to release the superheated steam to the drain side. Then, the electromagnetic switch 34 is switched to the cooling fan 44 side to cool the processing chamber 40. Thereby, the processing chamber 40
, And the waste after treatment can be taken out.
【００２６】処理後の廃棄物は、図１に示したように、
クラッシャ１０４で破砕して紛体にするとともに、廃棄
容器１０６に収容される。これにより、廃棄物は更に容
量が減少し、実験によれば当初の１０％程度にまで減少
する。このような紛体化処理は、特に透析器具の処理に
好適である。The waste after treatment is as shown in FIG.
The powder is crushed by the crusher 104 into powder, and is stored in the waste container 106. This further reduces the volume of waste, which has been experimentally reduced to around 10% of the original. Such a powdering treatment is particularly suitable for treating a dialysis instrument.
【００２７】本発明に関連して行った実験によれば、ウ
イルスもしくは病原菌に汚染された廃棄物を処理する場
合、１３５℃の過熱蒸気で１０分間加熱処理を行ったと
ころ、充分な滅菌効果が得られた。また、ベット等の滅
菌や消毒に関しては、１２８℃の過熱蒸気で４０分間の
加熱処理を行ったところ、布とウレタンの境界のテスト
用培地が不活性化した。これは、滅菌や消毒が行われた
ことを示すものである。According to an experiment conducted in connection with the present invention, when treating waste contaminated with a virus or a pathogenic bacterium, a heat treatment with superheated steam at 135 ° C. for 10 minutes shows a sufficient sterilization effect. Obtained. Further, regarding sterilization and disinfection of the bed and the like, when a heating treatment was performed with superheated steam of 128 ° C. for 40 minutes, the test medium at the boundary between the cloth and urethane was inactivated. This indicates that sterilization or disinfection has been performed.
【００２８】次に、本実施形態の具体例と従来例につい
て比較する。なお、使用した常圧過熱装置は、３５０℃
まで加熱が可能であるため、２５０℃で以下の実験を行
った。 （１）サンプル１……シリンジなどの樹脂系機材の処理 従来型の乾燥空気方式（乾熱方式）では、処理終了ま
での所要温度２２０℃以上，所要時間４時間以上であっ
た。サンプルの処理後形状は原型を残していた。 従来型の高圧加熱処理方式（湿熱方式）では、処理終
了までの所要温度１２１〜１３２℃，所要時間６０分で
あった。サンプルの処理後形状は原型をとどめていた。 本発明による常圧過熱蒸気方式では、処理終了までの
所要温度２５０℃，所要時間１２分であった。サンプル
の処理後形状は原型をとどめず、完全溶解した。このよ
うな結果を比較すれば明らかなように、本発明装置によ
れば、高圧加熱処理方式に匹敵する良好な結果が得られ
ている。Next, a specific example of this embodiment and a conventional example will be compared. The atmospheric pressure heating device used was 350 ° C.
Since the heating was possible up to 250 ° C., the following experiment was performed at 250 ° C. (1) Sample 1 Treatment of resin-based equipment such as a syringe In the conventional dry air method (dry heat method), the required temperature until completion of the treatment was 220 ° C. or more and the required time was 4 hours or more. The shape of the sample after processing remained intact. In the conventional high-pressure heat treatment method (wet heat method), the required temperature until completion of the treatment was 121 to 132 ° C. and the required time was 60 minutes. The shape of the sample after processing remained the original. In the normal pressure superheated steam system according to the present invention, the required temperature until completion of the treatment was 250 ° C. and the required time was 12 minutes. After the processing of the sample, the shape did not remain in the original form and was completely dissolved. As is clear from comparison of these results, according to the apparatus of the present invention, good results comparable to the high-pressure heat treatment method are obtained.
【００２９】（２）サンプル２……使用済みダイヤライ
ザの処理 従来型の乾燥空気方式では、その量にもよるが、非常
に時間要する。従って、事実上処理が困難である。 従来型の高圧加熱処理方式では、基本的に乾燥しない
ため、処理不可能である。 本発明による常圧過熱蒸気方式では、処理終了までの
所要温度２５０〜３００℃，所要時間１時間であった。(2) Sample 2... Processing of used dialyzer In the conventional dry air system, it takes a very long time depending on the amount. Therefore, the processing is practically difficult. The conventional high-pressure heat treatment method cannot be processed because it does not basically dry. In the normal pressure superheated steam system according to the present invention, the required temperature until completion of the treatment was 250 to 300 ° C. and the required time was 1 hour.
【００３０】このように、本形態によれば、次のような
効果がある。 （１）過熱蒸気を使用することとしたので、医療用廃棄
物を短時間で安全に効率よく滅菌，消毒，乾燥すること
ができ、その後は一般の廃棄物と同様の処理が可能とな
る。また、適性な使用温度で処理を行なうようにすれ
ば、発煙等による２次公害の発生や汚染性菌などの外部
への飛散もなく、環境汚染に対して有効である。更に、
クラッシャを利用して粉体化することで、更に取り扱い
が容易になる。このような紛体化は、特に透析器具の処
理に有効である。As described above, according to the present embodiment, the following effects can be obtained. (1) Since superheated steam is used, medical waste can be sterilized, disinfected, and dried safely and efficiently in a short time, and thereafter, the same treatment as general waste can be performed. In addition, if the treatment is performed at an appropriate use temperature, there is no occurrence of secondary pollution due to smoking or the like and no scattering of contaminating bacteria and the like to the outside, which is effective for environmental pollution. Furthermore,
By using a crusher to make powder, handling becomes easier. Such powdering is particularly effective for treating dialysis instruments.
【００３１】（２）過熱蒸気の圧力が常圧であるため、
高圧ボイラーの資格者を必要としない。また、ボイラー
として、小型の低圧蒸気発生機（１〜２kg／cm２）で充
分その目的を達することができる。このため、装置全体
の小型化，設置スペースの低減，少ないエネルギ消費
量，低騒音といった利点あり、経済的でもある。更に、
処理装置全体をボックス化して病院などに設置すること
も容易である。(2) Since the pressure of the superheated steam is normal pressure,
Does not require qualified high pressure boilers. As a boiler, a small low-pressure steam generator (1-2 kg / cm 2 ) can sufficiently achieve the purpose. Therefore, there are advantages such as miniaturization of the entire apparatus, reduction of installation space, low energy consumption, and low noise, and it is also economical. Furthermore,
It is also easy to box the entire processing apparatus and install it in a hospital or the like.
【００３２】また、装置全体の熱容量が低いため、従来
のオートクレーブと比較して、温度立ち上げに要する時
間も大幅に短縮することができる。本発明に関して行な
った比較実験によれば、立ち上げに要する時間が従来と
比較して１／５程度に減少した。Further, since the heat capacity of the entire apparatus is low, the time required for starting up the temperature can be greatly reduced as compared with a conventional autoclave. According to a comparative experiment performed on the present invention, the time required for startup was reduced to about 1/5 as compared with the related art.
【００３３】本発明には数多くの実施形態があり、以上
の開示に基づいて多様に改変することが可能である。例
えば、次のようなものも含まれる。 （１）前記実施形態は、医療用の廃棄物に対して本発明
を適用したが、処理対象としては、廃棄することなく再
利用するものにも適用可能である。例えば、医療用の機
械・器具，オペ衣，椅子や机，ベット，シーツ，食事運
搬用ワゴン，など、各種の装置機械器具等に適用可能で
ある。The present invention has many embodiments, and various modifications can be made based on the above disclosure. For example, the following is also included. (1) In the above embodiment, the present invention is applied to medical waste, but the present invention can also be applied to a waste to be reused without being discarded. For example, the present invention can be applied to various types of devices, such as medical machines and instruments, operation clothes, chairs and desks, beds, sheets, food transport wagons, and the like.
【００３４】（２）処理対象物を、例えば耐熱性の容器
や袋などに収納して、本発明の過熱蒸気による処理を行
なうようにしてもよい。このようにすると、該対象物に
直接触れることなく処理対象物の移動や運搬などを行な
うことができる。(2) The object to be treated may be housed in a heat-resistant container or bag, for example, and the treatment with superheated steam of the present invention may be performed. With this configuration, the processing target can be moved or transported without directly touching the target.
【００３５】[0035]
【発明の効果】以上説明したように、本発明によれば、
過熱蒸気を利用して滅菌などの処理を行なうこととした
ので、各種の医療用の機械，器具，衣服などに対する滅
菌などの処理を短時間で効率的に安全に行なうことがで
き、取り扱いも容易であるという効果がある。As described above, according to the present invention,
Since processing such as sterilization is performed by using superheated steam, processing such as sterilization of various medical machines, instruments, and clothes can be performed efficiently and safely in a short time, and handling is easy. There is an effect that is.
【図１】本発明の一実施形態の全体構成を示す図であ
る。FIG. 1 is a diagram showing an overall configuration of an embodiment of the present invention.
【図２】本発明の一実施形態の詳細な構成例を示す図で
ある。FIG. 2 is a diagram illustrating a detailed configuration example of an embodiment of the present invention.
【図３】前記実施形態の加熱蒸気発生器の一例を示す図
である。FIG. 3 is a diagram showing an example of a heated steam generator of the embodiment.
１０…ボイラー １２…バルブ １４…電磁弁 １６…開閉制御スイッチ １８…蒸気指令スイッチ ２０…安全装置 ２０…常圧過熱蒸気発生装置 ２２…過熱蒸気発生器 ２４…安全装置 ２５…加熱室 ２６…細管 ２８…ヒータ ３０…圧力計 ３２…電源 ３４…電磁開閉器 ３６…加熱制御装置 ３８…温度センサ ４０…処理室 ４２…ドレンバルブ ４４…冷却ファン ４６…ピット １００…過熱蒸気発生装置 １０２…加熱処理機 １０４…クラッシャ １０６…廃棄容器 DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 10 ... Boiler 12 ... Valve 14 ... Solenoid valve 16 ... Opening / closing control switch 18 ... Steam command switch 20 ... Safety device 20 ... Normal pressure superheated steam generator 22 ... Superheated steam generator 24 ... Safety device 25 ... Heating chamber 26 ... Thin tube 28 ... Heater 30 ... Pressure gauge 32 ... Power supply 34 ... Electromagnetic switch 36 ... Heating control device 38 ... Temperature sensor 40 ... Processing chamber 42 ... Drain valve 44 ... Cooling fan 46 ... Pit 100 ... Superheated steam generator 102 ... Heating processor 104 ... Crusher 106 ... Waste container
フロントページの続き (72)発明者 増田 尚人 愛知県岩倉市大地町野辺41番地 サーモ・ エレクトロン株式会社内 (72)発明者 貴田 昇司 愛知県名古屋市西区上名古屋三丁目10番７ 号 (72)発明者 成瀬 光夫 愛知県尾張旭市旭ヶ丘町山の手288番地の １ Ｆターム(参考） 4C058 AA12 BB05 CC02 CC03 DD04 DD06 4C341 LL13 LL15 LL22 4D004 AA48 CA22 CB32 CC01 DA02 DA06 DA07 Continued on the front page (72) Inventor Naoto Masuda 41 Nobe, Ochi-cho, Iwakura City, Aichi Prefecture Inside Thermo Electron Co., Ltd. Inventor Mitsuo Naruse 1F term (reference) at 288 Yamate, Asahigaoka-cho, Owariasahi-shi, Aichi 4C058 AA12 BB05 CC02 CC03 DD04 DD06 4C341 LL13 LL15 LL22 4D004 AA48 CA22 CB32 CC01 DA02 DA06 DA07
Claims (7)
施す医療用蒸気処理方法において、前記蒸気として過熱
蒸気を利用したことを特徴とする医療用処理方法。1. A medical treatment method for performing medical treatment on an object using steam, wherein a superheated steam is used as the steam.
特徴とする請求項１記載の医療用処理方法。2. The medical treatment method according to claim 1, wherein the pressure of the superheated steam is normal pressure.
生成手段によって生成された蒸気を加熱して過熱蒸気を
得る蒸気加熱手段；この蒸気加熱手段によって得られた
過熱蒸気を用いて対象物に医療用の処理を施す処理手
段；を備えたことを特徴とする医療用処理装置。3. A steam generating means for generating steam; a steam heating means for heating the steam generated by the steam generating means to obtain superheated steam; and an object using the superheated steam obtained by the steam heating means. Processing means for performing medical processing; a medical processing apparatus comprising:
度又は圧力の少なくとも一方を制御する制御手段を備え
たことを特徴とする請求項３記載の医療用処理装置。4. The medical processing apparatus according to claim 3, further comprising control means for controlling at least one of a temperature and a pressure of the superheated steam supplied to said processing means.
ずら折り状に折り曲げて形成した加熱用の細管を含むこ
とを特徴とする請求項３又は４記載の医療用処理装置。5. The medical processing apparatus according to claim 3, wherein the steam heating means includes a heating thin tube formed by bending a heat conductive tube in a foldable manner.
熱蒸気の排出側に行くに従って拡大したことを特徴とす
る請求項５記載の医療用処理装置。6. The medical treatment apparatus according to claim 5, wherein a diameter of the heating pipe is increased from a water supply side to a superheated steam discharge side.
体とする紛体化手段を備えたことを特徴とする請求項３
〜６のいずれかに記載の医療用処理装置。7. A method according to claim 3, further comprising: powdering means for turning the object processed by said processing means into powder.
7. The medical treatment device according to any one of claims 6 to 6.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP37256899A JP4489887B2 (en) | 1999-12-28 | 1999-12-28 | Medical treatment equipment |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP37256899A JP4489887B2 (en) | 1999-12-28 | 1999-12-28 | Medical treatment equipment |
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| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| JP2001187118A true JP2001187118A (en) | 2001-07-10 |
| JP4489887B2 JP4489887B2 (en) | 2010-06-23 |
Family
ID=18500668
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| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP37256899A Expired - Fee Related JP4489887B2 (en) | 1999-12-28 | 1999-12-28 | Medical treatment equipment |
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| Country | Link |
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Cited By (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| WO2003059399A1 (en) * | 2002-01-15 | 2003-07-24 | Tomohiro Nomura | Sterlization apparatus or inactivation apparatus for virus or genetic modification-related material using super steam and inactivation method therefor |
| JP2007195956A (en) * | 2005-12-28 | 2007-08-09 | Akira Matsui | Sterilizer using sterilizing superheated steam under normal pressure and low oxygen environment |
| US8168132B2 (en) | 2006-07-07 | 2012-05-01 | Scican Ltd. | Apparatus and method for drying instruments using superheated steam |
| CN103480636A (en) * | 2013-10-10 | 2014-01-01 | 栖霞中泰环保设备有限公司 | Method and apparatus for thorough treatment of medical waste |
| CN107270705A (en) * | 2017-07-01 | 2017-10-20 | 施伟忠 | A kind of medical operating knife processor |
| JP2022082135A (en) * | 2020-11-20 | 2022-06-01 | 株式会社ESPRIT de Kumagaya-Base | Device for spraying gas containing fine droplets, and method for inactivating virus with gas containing fine droplets |
| CN116808268A (en) * | 2023-07-07 | 2023-09-29 | 河南省利盈环保科技股份有限公司 | Medical waste treatment device and method based on microwave disinfection principle |
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| JP2001021108A (en) * | 1999-07-02 | 2001-01-26 | Hiroyoshi Hiramatsu | Superheated steam generator and superheated steam treatment device |
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| JPS57153654A (en) * | 1981-03-19 | 1982-09-22 | Kikkoman Shoyu Co Ltd | Sterilizing apparatus |
| JPH02180266A (en) * | 1988-12-29 | 1990-07-13 | House Food Ind Co Ltd | Sterilizing device using over heated steam |
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Cited By (8)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| WO2003059399A1 (en) * | 2002-01-15 | 2003-07-24 | Tomohiro Nomura | Sterlization apparatus or inactivation apparatus for virus or genetic modification-related material using super steam and inactivation method therefor |
| JP2007195956A (en) * | 2005-12-28 | 2007-08-09 | Akira Matsui | Sterilizer using sterilizing superheated steam under normal pressure and low oxygen environment |
| US8168132B2 (en) | 2006-07-07 | 2012-05-01 | Scican Ltd. | Apparatus and method for drying instruments using superheated steam |
| CN103480636A (en) * | 2013-10-10 | 2014-01-01 | 栖霞中泰环保设备有限公司 | Method and apparatus for thorough treatment of medical waste |
| CN107270705A (en) * | 2017-07-01 | 2017-10-20 | 施伟忠 | A kind of medical operating knife processor |
| JP2022082135A (en) * | 2020-11-20 | 2022-06-01 | 株式会社ESPRIT de Kumagaya-Base | Device for spraying gas containing fine droplets, and method for inactivating virus with gas containing fine droplets |
| CN116808268A (en) * | 2023-07-07 | 2023-09-29 | 河南省利盈环保科技股份有限公司 | Medical waste treatment device and method based on microwave disinfection principle |
| CN116808268B (en) * | 2023-07-07 | 2023-12-26 | 河南省利盈环保科技股份有限公司 | Medical waste treatment device and method based on microwave disinfection principle |
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|---|---|
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