JP2001165911A - Method for non-destructive inspection of spot welded part - Google Patents
Method for non-destructive inspection of spot welded partInfo
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- JP2001165911A JP2001165911A JP35402499A JP35402499A JP2001165911A JP 2001165911 A JP2001165911 A JP 2001165911A JP 35402499 A JP35402499 A JP 35402499A JP 35402499 A JP35402499 A JP 35402499A JP 2001165911 A JP2001165911 A JP 2001165911A
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- Prior art keywords
- nugget
- diameter
- inductance
- spot welded
- value
- Prior art date
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- Measuring Magnetic Variables (AREA)
- Measurement Of Resistance Or Impedance (AREA)
- Investigating Or Analyzing Materials By The Use Of Magnetic Means (AREA)
Abstract
Description
【０００１】[0001]
【発明の属する技術分野】本発明はスポット溶接部のナ
ゲットの大きさの良否を非破壊で判別する検査方法に関
する。BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to an inspection method for non-destructively determining the quality of a nugget at a spot weld.
【０００２】[0002]
【従来の技術】鋼板同士のスポット溶接は、図３に示す
ように鋼板１同士の重ね合わせ部分を一対の電極２で挟
み、この電極２に矢印方向に数ｋＮの力を作用させて鋼
板１同士を加圧し、この加圧状態で数ｋＡの電流を電極
２に通電して鋼板１同士の圧着部分をジュール発熱にて
瞬間溶融し、ナゲット３と呼ばれる所定径φ１の溶融塊
を形成することにより行われる。またこのナゲット３の
周囲φ２は完全な溶融領域ではないが、電極２による加
圧力で加圧接合の状態となっている。2. Description of the Related Art As shown in FIG. 3, in the spot welding of steel sheets, a superposed portion of the steel sheets 1 is sandwiched between a pair of electrodes 2, and a force of several kN is applied to the electrodes 2 in the direction of an arrow. Pressurizing each other, applying a current of several kA to the electrode 2 in this pressurized state, and instantaneously melting the crimped portion of the steel plates 1 by Joule heat to form a molten mass of a predetermined diameter φ1 called a nugget 3. It is performed by Further, the periphery φ2 of the nugget 3 is not a complete melting region, but is in a state of pressure bonding by the pressing force of the electrode 2.
【０００３】ところで、ナゲットの大きさはスポット溶
接の強度に直接影響するため、その基準直径φ１が被溶
接鋼鈑の板厚Ｔを基準としてφ１＝３√Ｔと定められて
いる（但し重要保安部品では４√Ｔ）。従って、スポッ
ト溶接の良否はナゲット径で決定されるわけであるが、
このナゲット径を正確に測定するための非破壊計測技術
は未だ確立されていないのが実状である。例えば、スポ
ット溶接に関する非破壊計測技術としては超音波を利用
したもの（特開昭６２−１１９４５３号、特開平４−２
６５８５４号）、振動を利用したもの（特開平９−１７
１００７号）、断続光照射に伴う音波を検出するもの
（特開平３−２６５９号）、溶接電極から発した弾性波
の反射波を検出するもの（特開平４−４０３５９号）な
ど各種提案されているが、いずれも実用に供するために
は信頼性ないし正確性においてなお改善すべき余地があ
る。このため、図３に示すようにスポット溶接された２
枚の鋼板１の間にタガネ４を圧入して溶接ナゲット３の
周縁部の直径を直接計測するいわゆるタガネ検査等の個
別破壊計測に多くを依存しているのが現状である。Since the size of the nugget directly affects the strength of spot welding, the reference diameter φ1 is set to φ1 = 3√T based on the thickness T of the steel plate to be welded (however, important security). 4√T for parts). Therefore, the quality of spot welding is determined by the nugget diameter,
In fact, a non-destructive measurement technique for accurately measuring the nugget diameter has not yet been established. For example, as a nondestructive measurement technique relating to spot welding, a technique utilizing ultrasonic waves (Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open Nos. 62-119453 and 4-2)
No. 65854), a device utilizing vibration (Japanese Unexamined Patent Publication No. 9-17 / 1997)
No. 1007), a device for detecting a sound wave accompanying the intermittent light irradiation (Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 3-2659), a device for detecting a reflected wave of an elastic wave emitted from a welding electrode (Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 4-40359), and the like. However, there is still room for improvement in reliability or accuracy for practical use. Therefore, as shown in FIG.
At present, the steel sheet 1 is largely dependent on individual fracture measurement such as so-called tage inspection in which a tool 4 is press-fitted between steel sheets 1 to directly measure a diameter of a peripheral portion of the welding nugget 3.
【０００４】[0004]
【発明が解決しようとする課題】そこで、本発明者らは
溶接ナゲットの物理的特性に基づき得られる各種の非破
壊測定値からナゲット径を予測できないか検討した。不
良ナゲットは図４（Ａ）に示すように正常ナゲットの正
規分布から明らかに外れた異常値として表れるから、こ
のときの異常値を非破壊測定値で判別できればよいわけ
である。図４（Ｂ）は非破壊測定値に基づく予測値と実
測値との相関関係をイメージしたもので、正常ナゲット
と不良ナゲットとの間に予測値の閾値を設定できれば正
常ナゲットと不良ナゲットの双方を１００％判別可能で
あることを表している。Therefore, the present inventors examined whether the nugget diameter could be predicted from various non-destructive measurement values obtained based on the physical properties of the welding nugget. Since the defective nugget appears as an abnormal value that clearly deviates from the normal distribution of the normal nugget as shown in FIG. 4A, it is sufficient that the abnormal value at this time can be determined by a nondestructive measurement value. FIG. 4B illustrates the correlation between the predicted value based on the non-destructive measurement value and the actual measurement value. If a threshold value of the predicted value can be set between the normal nugget and the defective nugget, both the normal nugget and the defective nugget can be set. Is 100% distinguishable.
【０００５】この場合、ナゲット径の予測値を求める方
法として判別式を採用した場合、予測値Ｚは以下のよう
に表される。In this case, when a discriminant is used as a method for obtaining a predicted value of the nugget diameter, the predicted value Z is expressed as follows.
【０００６】 Ｚ＝ｂ0 ＋ｂ1 Ｘ1 ＋ｂ2 Ｘ2 ＋ｂ3 Ｘ3 … ここでｂ0 は定数項、Ｘ1 ，Ｘ2 ，Ｘ3 …は非破壊計測
値の各変数、ｂ1 ，ｂ 2 ，ｂ3 …は各変数にかけられる
係数である。各係数は、両分布を最も離すように算出す
る。[0006] Z = b0+ B1X1+ BTwoXTwo+ BThreeXThree… Where b0Is a constant term, X1, XTwo, XThree… Is non-destructive measurement
Each variable of value, b1, B Two, BThree… Is applied to each variable
It is a coefficient. Each coefficient is calculated so that the two distributions are the farthest apart.
You.
【０００７】非破壊計測値は、例えば、図５に示す磁気
計測器Ｍの場合では磁束密度、インダクタンス、電気抵
抗などである。この磁気計測器は、スポット溶接部に磁
力線を貫通させた場合に磁力線がスポット溶接のナゲッ
ト周縁に集まって通過する特性を利用したもので、スポ
ット溶接部に隣接してナゲットの直径方向に多数配置さ
れたアレーコイルから得られるインダクタンス、磁束密
度及び電気抵抗などの計測値からナゲット径を間接的に
測定するようにしたものである。なお、この種の磁気計
測器は例えば愛知県愛知郡東郷町の株式会社キョクトー
が製造販売しており容易に入手可能である。The non-destructive measurement values are, for example, magnetic flux density, inductance, electric resistance, etc. in the case of the magnetic measuring device M shown in FIG. This magnetic measuring device utilizes the characteristic that when a magnetic field line penetrates a spot weld, the magnetic field lines gather around the nugget periphery of the spot weld and pass through.A number of these are arranged in the diameter direction of the nugget adjacent to the spot weld. The nugget diameter is indirectly measured from measured values such as inductance, magnetic flux density, and electric resistance obtained from the array coil. Incidentally, this type of magnetic measuring instrument is manufactured and sold by Kyokuto Co., Ltd. in Togo-cho, Aichi-gun, Aichi Prefecture, and is easily available.
【０００８】ところが、試みに非破壊測定値の独立変数
としてＸ1 に磁束密度、Ｘ2 にインダクタンスをとって
重回帰分析をしてみると、図６に示すように、予測値ベ
ースで不良品のみを判別除外する閾値の設定が実際上不
可能であることが判明した。すなわち、図６で不良品
（×印）を完全に判別するためには予測値ベースの閾値
を５程度に設定せざるを得ないが、閾値を５に設定する
とかなりの数の正常ナゲットも不良ナゲットとみなされ
てしまうのである。図７はこのときの重回帰式（Ｙ＝
１．５０＋１．８０Ｘ1 ＋０．２４Ｘ2 ）を例示すると
共に、ナゲットの良否を区別せずに示した図６と同様の
予測値−実測値の相関関係を示している。図中に書込ん
だ斜めの直線は予測値と実測値とが一致するラインであ
るが、実際の相関関係はこの直線からかなりバラついて
いることが分かる。[0008] However, when a multiple regression analysis is performed by taking the magnetic flux density as X 1 and the inductance as X 2 as independent variables of the nondestructively measured values as a trial, as shown in FIG. It has been found that it is practically impossible to set a threshold value for discriminating and excluding only the threshold value. That is, in order to completely discriminate a defective product (marked by x) in FIG. 6, the threshold based on the predicted value must be set to about 5, but if the threshold is set to 5, a considerable number of normal nuggets are defective. They are considered nuggets. FIG. 7 shows the multiple regression equation (Y =
1.50 + 1.80X 1 + 0.24X 2 ), and shows the same correlation between the predicted value and the actually measured value as in FIG. 6 without discriminating the quality of the nugget. The oblique straight line written in the figure is a line where the predicted value and the measured value match, but it can be seen that the actual correlation is considerably different from this straight line.
【０００９】次に、同じ試料により前記と同様に磁束密
度Ｘ1 とインダクタンスＸ2 を測定し、判別式によりナ
ゲットの良否を判別してみた。図８（Ａ）〜（Ｃ）はこ
の試験の結果を示すもので、（Ａ）は磁束密度Ｘ1 とイ
ンダクタンスＸ2 の測定値をナゲット径の良否（実測に
基づく。○が正常ナゲット、×が不良ナゲット。）と関
連付けてプロットしたもの、（Ｂ）は判別式（Ｚ＝０．
１８−０．５１Ｘ1 ＋０．０８Ｘ2 ）によりナゲット径
を予測し、かつ、閾値（０位置）を境として正常ナゲッ
トと不良ナゲットとを判別した状態を示したもの、
（Ｃ）は閾値を境とするナゲットの不良品と良品の数及
び正判別率を示したものである。この試験でも判別率は
実用にほど遠いことが分かる。Next, the same sample was used to measure the magnetic flux density X 1 and the inductance X 2 in the same manner as described above, and the quality of the nugget was determined using a discriminant. FIGS. 8A to 8C show the results of this test. FIG. 8A shows the measured values of the magnetic flux density X 1 and the inductance X 2 based on the quality of the nugget diameter (based on the actual measurement. Is a bad nugget.), And (B) is a discriminant (Z = 0.
18-0.51X 1 + 0.08X 2 ), showing a state in which the nugget diameter is predicted and a normal nugget and a defective nugget are discriminated on the basis of the threshold value (0 position).
(C) shows the number of defective and non-defective nuggets and the correct discrimination rate at the threshold. This test also shows that the discrimination rate is far from practical.
【００１０】[0010]
【課題を解決するための手段】そこで本発明者らは、イ
ンダクタンスの波形形状に着目し、図１に示すナゲット
周縁での環状高インダクタンス部分の直径と、この高イ
ンダクタンス部分とナゲット中央部における低インダク
タンス部分とのインダクタンス高低落差の２つを判別式
の変数に選定することを着想し、この着想に基づき算出
したところ、実測値との整合性が比較的よいという知見
を得た。Therefore, the present inventors focused on the waveform of the inductance, and determined the diameter of the annular high inductance portion at the periphery of the nugget shown in FIG. 1 and the low inductance at the high inductance portion and the central portion of the nugget. With the idea of selecting two of the inductance height difference from the inductance part as discriminant variables and calculating based on this idea, it was found that the consistency with the actually measured values was relatively good.
【００１１】本発明のスポット溶接部の非破壊検査方法
はかかる知見を基に具現化したもので、スポット溶接部
に磁力線を貫通させたときに測定されるスポット溶接部
のナゲット周縁での環状高インダクタンス部分の直径
と、前記高インダクタンス部分とナゲット中央部におけ
る低インダクタンス部分とのインダクタンス高低落差の
２つの変数を用いて、ナゲット直径の予測値としての各
変数を判別式で表し、ナゲット直径の良否を区別する閾
値を設定するようにしたことを特徴とする。The nondestructive inspection method for a spot weld according to the present invention is embodied on the basis of such knowledge, and the annular height at the periphery of the nugget of the spot weld measured when a magnetic field line penetrates the spot weld. Using two variables of the diameter of the inductance part and the inductance height drop between the high inductance part and the low inductance part at the center of the nugget, each variable as a predicted value of the nugget diameter is expressed by a discriminant, and the quality of the nugget diameter is determined. Is set to a threshold value for distinguishing.
【００１２】ここで、前記閾値はナゲット直径が不足す
る不良品を区別する閾値として設定することができる。
また前記環状高インダクタンス部分の直径を円周方向に
複数個所で測定して平均値を算出し、この平均値を前記
判別式の一方の変数としたり、前記高インダクタンス部
分とナゲット中央部における低インダクタンス部分との
インダクタンス高低落差を円周方向に複数個所で測定し
て平均値を算出し、この平均値を前記判別式の他方の変
数とすることができる。Here, the threshold value can be set as a threshold value for discriminating a defective product having an insufficient nugget diameter.
Further, the diameter of the annular high inductance portion is measured at a plurality of locations in the circumferential direction to calculate an average value, and this average value is used as one of the variables of the discriminant, or the low inductance portion in the high inductance portion and the nugget center portion is used. The height difference between the inductance and the portion is measured at a plurality of locations in the circumferential direction to calculate an average value, and this average value can be used as the other variable of the discriminant.
【００１３】[0013]
【発明の実施の形態】以下に本発明の一実施形態を図１
及び図２に基づき説明する。図１は図５の磁気測定器Ｍ
で得られた磁束密度、インダクタンス及び電気抵抗の各
測定値をナゲットの直径方向を横座標にとって波形表示
したものである。ここで、インダクタンスの波形から、
ナゲット周縁での環状高インダクタンス部分の直径Ａ1
と、前記高インダクタンス部分とナゲット中央部におけ
る低インダクタンス部分とのインダクタンス高低落差Ａ
2 を判別式の２つの変数として採用する。直径Ａ1 が円
周方向に異なる場合は、円周方向複数箇所の測定値の相
加平均値を採用するとよい。また高低落差Ａ2 がナゲッ
ト直径方向２個所で異なる場合はその相加平均値を採用
するとよい。図２（Ａ）はＡ1 とＡ2 の測定値をナゲッ
ト径の良否（実測に基づく。○が正常ナゲット、×が不
良ナゲット。）と関連付けてプロットしたもの、（Ｂ）
は判別式（Ｚ＝０．４８＋０．０７Ａ1 −０．５６
Ａ2 ）によりナゲット径を予測し、かつ、閾値（０位
置）を境として正常ナゲットと不良ナゲットとを判別し
た状態を示したもの、（Ｃ）は閾値を境とするナゲット
の不良品と良品の数及び正判別率を示したものである。
この試験結果から分かるように、インダクタンス波形の
前記変数Ａ1 ，Ａ2 を用いた判別式によれば、不良品を
１００％判別する閾値での良品混入率が２８％であり、
図８の不良品を８０％判別する試験での良品混入率４６
％と比較しても判別率が格段に向上していることが分か
る。なお、図８で仮に不良品を１００％判別する閾値を
設定した場合は、良品混入率が７２％もの高率になる。
以上のことから、本発明によるスポット溶接部の非破壊
検査方法は他の重回帰式による判別方法に比べて格段に
不良品判別率が高く良品混入率が少ないことが分かる。DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS One embodiment of the present invention will be described below with reference to FIG.
And FIG. FIG. 1 shows the magnetometer M of FIG.
The measured values of the magnetic flux density, inductance and electric resistance obtained in the above are displayed in a waveform with the diameter direction of the nugget being taken on the abscissa. Here, from the inductance waveform,
The diameter A 1 of the annular high inductance part at the periphery of the nugget
And the inductance height drop A between the high inductance portion and the low inductance portion at the center of the nugget.
2 is adopted as the two variables of the discriminant. If the diameter A 1 is different in the circumferential direction, it is preferable to adopt the arithmetic mean value of the measured values of the plurality of circumferential locations. When the height difference A 2 is different at two locations in the nugget diameter direction, the arithmetic mean value thereof may be used. FIG. 2 (A) is a plot of the measured values of A 1 and A 2 in relation to the quality of the nugget diameter (based on the actual measurement, が indicates a normal nugget, × indicates a bad nugget), (B)
Is the discriminant (Z = 0.48 + 0.07A 1 −0.56)
A 2) by predicting a nugget diameter, and a threshold (0 position) shows the state where the discrimination between normal nuggets and bad nuggets as boundary, (C) the nugget defective and non-defective to a boundary threshold And the correct discrimination rate.
As can be seen from the test results, according to the discriminant using the variables A 1 and A 2 of the inductance waveform, the non-defective product mixing rate at the threshold for discriminating 100% of defective products is 28%,
Non-defective product mixing ratio 46 in the test for discriminating defective products by 80% in FIG.
%, It can be seen that the discrimination rate is significantly improved. If a threshold value for determining 100% of defective products is set in FIG. 8, the non-defective product mixing ratio becomes as high as 72%.
From the above, it can be seen that the nondestructive inspection method for spot welds according to the present invention has a remarkably higher defective product discrimination rate and a lower non-defective product mixing rate than the discrimination method based on other multiple regression equations.
【００１４】[0014]
【発明の効果】本発明によれば実際のナゲット径との高
い整合性を保ちつつナゲット径の良否判定が可能とな
り、これにより良品と不良品を判別する検査工数の大幅
削減や品質向上のための管理が容易となる。According to the present invention, it is possible to judge the quality of the nugget diameter while maintaining high consistency with the actual nugget diameter, thereby greatly reducing the number of inspection steps and quality improvement for distinguishing non-defective products from defective products. Management becomes easy.
【図１】 磁気計測器の測定波形図。FIG. 1 is a measurement waveform diagram of a magnetic measuring instrument.
【図２】 （Ａ）はインダクタンス関連の２つの変数の
プロット図、（Ｂ）は各変数による予測値に沿った良品
と不良品の度数分布図、（Ｃ）は良品と不良品の数及び
正判別率を示す表。2 (A) is a plot of two inductance-related variables, FIG. 2 (B) is a frequency distribution chart of non-defective and non-defective products in accordance with predicted values of each variable, and FIG. The table which shows a correct discrimination rate.
【図３】 スポット溶接部の断面図。FIG. 3 is a sectional view of a spot weld.
【図４】 （Ａ）は正常ナゲットと不良ナゲットの理想
度数分布図、（Ｂ）は同じく予測値と実測値の理想相関
図。4A is an ideal frequency distribution diagram of a normal nugget and a defective nugget, and FIG. 4B is an ideal correlation diagram of a predicted value and an actually measured value.
【図５】 磁気測定器の構造を示す概念図。FIG. 5 is a conceptual diagram showing the structure of a magnetometer.
【図６】 予測値と実測値の相関図。FIG. 6 is a correlation diagram between predicted values and measured values.
【図７】 予測値と実測値の相関図。FIG. 7 is a correlation diagram between predicted values and measured values.
【図８】 （Ａ）は各変数の相関図、（Ｂ）は各変数に
よる予測値に沿った良品と不良品の度数分布図、（Ｃ）
は良品と不良品の数及び正判別率を示す表。8 (A) is a correlation diagram of each variable, FIG. 8 (B) is a frequency distribution diagram of non-defective products and defective products according to predicted values of each variable, and FIG. 8 (C).
Is a table showing the number of non-defective products and defective products and the correct discrimination rate.
１ 鋼板 ２ 電極 ３ ナゲット ４ タガネ Ｍ 磁気測定器 DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Steel plate 2 Electrode 3 Nugget 4 Nagane M Magnetometer
───────────────────────────────────────────────────── フロントページの続き Ｆターム(参考） 2G017 AA07 AD00 BA15 2G028 AA01 CG02 CG06 LR02 2G053 AA26 AB01 AB27 BA15 BA30 BC20 CA03 CA17 CB24 DA01 DB05 ──────────────────────────────────────────────────続 き Continued on the front page F term (reference) 2G017 AA07 AD00 BA15 2G028 AA01 CG02 CG06 LR02 2G053 AA26 AB01 AB27 BA15 BA30 BC20 CA03 CA17 CB24 DA01 DB05
Claims (1)
きに測定されるスポット溶接部のナゲット周縁での環状
高インダクタンス部分の直径と、前記高インダクタンス
部分とナゲット中央部における低インダクタンス部分と
のインダクタンス高低落差の２つの変数を用いて、ナゲ
ット直径の予測値としての各変数を判別式で表し、ナゲ
ット直径の良否を区別する閾値を設定するようにしたこ
とを特徴とするスポット溶接部の非破壊検査方法。1. The diameter of an annular high-inductance portion at the periphery of a nugget of a spot weld measured when a magnetic field line penetrates the spot weld, and the inductance between the high-inductance portion and the low-inductance portion at the center of the nugget. Non-destructive spot welds characterized in that each variable as a predicted value of the nugget diameter is expressed by a discriminant using two variables of height drop and a threshold value for distinguishing the quality of the nugget diameter is set. Inspection methods.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP35402499A JP3600099B2 (en) | 1999-12-14 | 1999-12-14 | Non-destructive inspection method for spot welds |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP35402499A JP3600099B2 (en) | 1999-12-14 | 1999-12-14 | Non-destructive inspection method for spot welds |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| JP2001165911A true JP2001165911A (en) | 2001-06-22 |
| JP3600099B2 JP3600099B2 (en) | 2004-12-08 |
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| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
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Cited By (6)
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|---|---|---|---|---|
| WO2003027661A1 (en) * | 2001-09-25 | 2003-04-03 | Daihatsu Motor Co., Ltd. | Non-destructive inspection method |
| WO2003027660A1 (en) * | 2001-09-25 | 2003-04-03 | Daihatsu Motor Co., Ltd. | Non-destructive inspection device and non-destructive inspection method |
| JP2006300881A (en) * | 2005-04-25 | 2006-11-02 | Magnegraph:Kk | Method and device for measuring object |
| JP2008134106A (en) * | 2006-11-27 | 2008-06-12 | Toyota Motor Corp | Method and device for inspecting hardening pattern |
| JP2009133786A (en) * | 2007-11-30 | 2009-06-18 | Nippon Steel Corp | Nondestructive inspection device of weld zone, and nondestructive inspection method of weld zone |
| JP2010266299A (en) * | 2009-05-14 | 2010-11-25 | Pulstec Industrial Co Ltd | Spot welding inspecting apparatus and spot welding inspection method |
-
1999
- 1999-12-14 JP JP35402499A patent/JP3600099B2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Cited By (8)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| WO2003027661A1 (en) * | 2001-09-25 | 2003-04-03 | Daihatsu Motor Co., Ltd. | Non-destructive inspection method |
| WO2003027660A1 (en) * | 2001-09-25 | 2003-04-03 | Daihatsu Motor Co., Ltd. | Non-destructive inspection device and non-destructive inspection method |
| US7084623B2 (en) | 2001-09-25 | 2006-08-01 | Daihatsu Motor Co., Ltd. | Non-destructive inspection device and method utilizing a magnetic field and sensor coil array |
| US7109702B2 (en) | 2001-09-25 | 2006-09-19 | Daihatsu Motor Co., Ltd. | Non-destructive inspection method |
| JP2006300881A (en) * | 2005-04-25 | 2006-11-02 | Magnegraph:Kk | Method and device for measuring object |
| JP2008134106A (en) * | 2006-11-27 | 2008-06-12 | Toyota Motor Corp | Method and device for inspecting hardening pattern |
| JP2009133786A (en) * | 2007-11-30 | 2009-06-18 | Nippon Steel Corp | Nondestructive inspection device of weld zone, and nondestructive inspection method of weld zone |
| JP2010266299A (en) * | 2009-05-14 | 2010-11-25 | Pulstec Industrial Co Ltd | Spot welding inspecting apparatus and spot welding inspection method |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| JP3600099B2 (en) | 2004-12-08 |
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