JP2001115468A - Execution method of concrete structure - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To realize the integration, stabilization and alignment of a frame in addition to the shortening of the execution period of a retaining wall or the like, and to dispense with a frame dismantling work after the execution. SOLUTION: A foundation 3 is formed by placing concrete in a part to be excavated of the ground, and blocks 1 and 1 for the first tier are installed with a stepped part 3a as a guide. Then, a bolt 7 is inserted in hole part 1a in the blocks 1 and 1 facing each other and hole parts 8a and 8a' in C-shaped steels 8 and 8' in the transverse direction, and each block is fixed to the C- shaped steel 8 using a nut. The block on the second tier is placed on the block on the first tier, and fixed to the C-shaped steel 8 in the above procedure, and the primary concrete is placed therein. By repeating the above works, the concrete retaining wall of the scheduled tier is executed. A connection bar 12 is provided between the C-shaped steels 8 and 8' adjacent to each other, and the C-shaped steels are fixed to each other by the connection bar and the nut. Each C-shaped steel forms a part of the retaining wall.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a method for constructing various types of concrete structures such as retaining walls and building frames, and more particularly to a method of casting concrete inside a frame constructed of blocks having substantially the same shape. The present invention relates to a method for constructing a structure.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, as a construction method of a concrete structure such as a retaining wall, a masonry method in which concrete is poured into a frame formed by stacking blocks, for example, a form made of a plate or steel is assembled. There is a formwork method in which concrete is poured inside the formed frame.

The masonry method is basically a method of constructing a frame by hand, and usable blocks have a shape of 20c.
Since it is limited to those having a size of mx 30 cm and a weight of 20 to 25 kg, it is difficult to shorten the construction period. This is not the case with the formwork method of assembling a formwork using equipment, but it takes time to assemble the equipment.

In each method, in order to prevent the destruction of the frame due to the lateral pressure of the concrete: In the case of the masonry method, 20 to 30 cm for one block
Concrete is cast at every height. ・ In the case of the formwork method, concrete is cast at several levels every 1 to 1.5 m. In the case of straight wall construction (formwork method), concrete is poured within a limit of 4 to 5 m.

[0005] As a scaffold for the work of stacking stones, the upper surface of concrete (hardened) cast last is used, and when assembling the formwork, a scaffold such as a pipe is newly installed from the ground side. I have.

[0006] In the case of the masonry method, the stone used for forming the frame remains as it is after the completion of the construction and forms the outer surface of the concrete structure. In the case of the formwork method, the formwork and the scaffold are dismantled after the completion of the construction. You.

[0007]

In the case of such a masonry construction method, the shape and weight of the blocks are limited, and the construction process is mainly performed by a craftsman (mason). There was a problem that it was not efficient in terms of sex. This becomes more prominent as we move into an aging society.

In the case of the formwork method, it is necessary to construct a frame by a formwork craftsman and to disassemble and clear the scaffold and the formwork after the completion of concrete work, which complicates the work and sufficiently improves the efficiency of the entire work. There was a problem that it could not be secured.

Therefore, in the present invention, a plurality of block units for constructing a frame by using equipment are fixed to a holding member, and furthermore, the holding member itself and a part of the fixing connecting member are fixed to concrete. The purpose of the present invention is to provide an integrated space, stabilization and leveling of the frame in addition to shortening the construction period by providing the space in the casting space.

Another object of the present invention is to eliminate the need for removing the frame after the construction by making the block a part of the concrete structure when the structure is completed.

[0011]

The present invention solves these problems as follows. (1) When concrete is poured into the inside of a frame constructed of blocks having substantially the same shape and a concrete structure is constructed, the blocks at the time of constructing the frame are fixed to a holding member in units of a plurality of frames. I do. (2) In the above (1), the block is left as a part of the concrete structure. (3) In the above (1) and (2), the holding member is provided in a concrete casting space. (4) In the above (1), (2), and (3), a block having a hole formed in a part thereof is used, and the block is fixed to the holding member before the casting operation. A connecting member is passed through the hole so that a part of the connecting member enters the concrete casting space.

According to the present invention, as described in the above (1), the frames are successively constructed by fixing the blocks having substantially the same shape to the holding member, thereby integrating and stabilizing the frames and improving the surface of the frames. It is aiming for the same level as a whole. The means for fixing the block to the holding member is arbitrary, and various connecting members and bonding methods (such as welding) may be used in addition to the bolt / nut mechanism described later.

Further, as described in (2) above, the frame construction block is part of the concrete structure at the time of completion of the concrete structure, thereby making it unnecessary to remove the frame after construction.

Further, as described in (3) above, the holding member to be fixed to the block is provided in the concrete casting space, and the holding member is finally hardened with concrete, so that the entire frame at the time of the completion of the concrete structure is completed. It is stable.

Further, as described in (4) above, a connecting member, which is a tool for fixing the block to the holding member, is provided in the concrete casting space, and the connecting member is finally hardened with concrete. The whole frame at the time of product completion is more stable.

[0016]

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS An embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS. In these figures, 1 is a block for constructing a frame (see FIG. 6), 1a is a (small diameter) hole for bolt insertion formed in the center of the block, 1b is a large diameter recess extending from the hole to the surface side, 1c is a step between the (small-diameter) hole 1a and the large-diameter recess 1b, 1d is an upper-side positioning portion of the block 1, 1e is a lower-side positioning portion of the block 1, 2
Is a vertical C-shaped steel installed on the ground portion (foundation), 2a is a support portion, 2b is a base portion, 2c is a hole for bolt penetration, 3 is a concrete excavated portion of the ground, and 3a is a single step. Step for guiding and positioning the eye block, 5 is a pull-out plate, 6 is a split chestnut, 7 is a bolt (coupling member), 7a
And 7b are threaded portions, 8 and 8 'are lateral C-shaped steel members (retaining members) for fixing the block 1, 8a and 8
a 'is a hole for bolt penetration; 8b and 8b' are holes for connecting rods provided in flanges of C-shaped steel members 8 and 8 '; 9 is a cap for screw portion 7a; The threaded portion 10 is a longitudinal C-shaped steel connected to the C-shaped steel 2, 10a
Is a hole for bolt penetration, 11 is a connecting plate, 12 is a connecting rod (bolt) for holding the C-shaped steel 8 or C-shaped steel 8 'located at a predetermined interval adjacent to each other in the vertical direction, and 12a is a screw. , Respectively.

FIG. 1 is an explanatory view when a leaning retaining wall intended for a slope is constructed. The height of one concrete casting at the time of construction is, for example, about 200 cm corresponding to two blocks 1 in the vertical direction, and the C-shaped steel 2 fixed to the foundation 3
Has a length of about 220 cm.

FIG. 2 is an explanatory view showing the procedure for constructing the leaning retaining wall of FIG. 1, and the contents are as follows. (S1) The foundation 3 is formed in a mode in which the base 2b of the longitudinal C-shaped steel 2 is embedded. (S2) The block 1 for constructing the frame is placed on the foundation 3 (or the lower block). Block 1 is guided to step 3a. (S3) Hole 1a of block 1 and lateral C-shaped steel 8
After the bolt 7 is inserted into the hole 8a, a nut is attached to the C-shaped steel 2 side. (S4) Insert the nut mounting end of the bolt 7 into the hole 2c of the C-shaped steel 2 in the vertical direction. (S5) The cap 9 and the nut are screwed into one screw portion 7a of the bolt 7 to fix the block 1 to the lateral C-shaped steel member 8, and the nut or the like is screwed into the other screw portion 7b. The bolt 7 is fixed to the C-shaped steel 2 in the vertical direction.

Here, the block 1 of each step is securely fixed to the lateral C-shaped steel 8 by the tightening action based on the above-mentioned screwing of the cap 9 and the nut with the screw portion 7a. Oneness is secured.

Subsequently, by repeating the operation of step (s2) and subsequent steps, a primary frame consisting of upper and lower blocks 1 following the base 3 is constructed. The upper and lower blocks are reliably positioned by the upper-side positioning portion 1d of the lower block and the lower-side positioning portion 1e of the upper block.

After the construction of the primary frame, the operation proceeds to the next operation. (S6) The drawing plate 5 is installed on the back side (slope side) of the C-shaped steel 2 in the longitudinal direction, and the split chestnut 6 is inserted between the drawing plate 5 and the slope. (S7) Primary concrete is cast between the drawing plate 5 and the primary frame. (S8) After the concrete has hardened to some extent, the drawing plate 5 is pulled upward.

After forming the retaining wall for the two blocks following the foundation 3 in this manner, the ends of the longitudinal C-shaped steel 2 and the C-shaped steel 10 connected thereto are connected by the connecting plate 11. After sandwiching and fixing the connecting plate with bolts and nuts, the process moves to the next two steps of retaining wall construction.

That is, after the connection of the C-shaped steel 10, the above-mentioned (s1) to (s6) and (s
7) through (s9) are newly executed, and a retaining wall for a total of four steps is constructed.

As the scaffold for constructing the third and fourth blocks, the upper surface of cast concrete for the two lower blocks is used.

By repeating the same operation, a leaning retaining wall for a predetermined number of blocks is constructed.

FIGS. 3 and 4 are explanatory views when a concrete retaining wall is constructed by casting concrete between block frames facing each other, FIG. 3 shows a straight retaining wall, and FIG. Shows a gravity retaining wall. The height of one concrete casting during construction is the same as that of the leaning retaining wall in FIG.

The main differences from the leaning retaining wall of FIG. 1 are as follows: a longitudinal C-shaped steel 2 and a C-shaped steel 1 connected thereto;
0, draw-out plate 5, split chestnut 6, connecting plate 11, etc. not to be used ・ The block frame is installed facing each other ・ The horizontal C-shaped steel 8, which fixes a plurality of blocks in each step
8 ′ is provided on the block surface side (in the case of a straight retaining wall in FIG. 3). ・ A connecting rod 12 for fixing the adjacent C-shaped steel members 8, 8 ′ of the same block frame is provided. is there.

FIG. 5 is an explanatory view showing the procedure for constructing the retaining wall of FIGS. 3 and 4, and the contents are as follows. (S11) The concrete 3 is cast on the excavated portion of the ground to form the foundation 3. (S12) The blocks 1 for constructing the frame are placed on the foundation 3 (or the lower block) so as to face each other. Block 1 is guided to step 3a. (S13) The bolt 7 is inserted into the hole 8a of the C-shaped steel 8 in the lateral direction and the hole 1a of one of the blocks 1 facing each other, and then a nut is attached to the concrete casting side. (S14) The hole 1a of the other block 1 and the hole 8 of the C-section steel 8 'with the nut mounting end of the bolt 7 facing the other.
a '. (S15) The cap 9 and the nut are screwed into the threaded portions 7a, 7b on the end side of the bolt 7, and the block 1 is fixed to the lateral C-shaped steels 8, 8 '.

Next, the operations of steps (s12) to (s15) are newly performed on the lowermost block to construct a primary frame composed of upper and lower two-level blocks 1 following the foundation 3, and the primary frame is constructed therein. Pour primary concrete into

By repeating the above operation, concrete retaining walls for the predetermined number of steps are constructed. A connecting rod 12 is provided as needed between the vertically adjacent C-shaped steel members 8 and 8 ', and the connecting rods and nuts fix the C-shaped steel members together.

At the time of the construction shown in FIG. 3, the scaffold is assembled, and after the retaining wall is completed, the cap 9 is removed from the bolt 7 (the C-shaped steels 8, 8 ', which had been holding the blocks 1 in steps until then), are removed. In addition, as a scaffold at the time of construction of FIG. 4, an upper surface portion of cast concrete is used.

In the gravity retaining wall shown in FIG. 4, the distance between the opposing blocks may be 2 m or more. In such cases,
Instead of connecting the opposing blocks with bolts 7,
As in the case of FIG. 1, a vertical C-shaped steel 2 corresponding to each of the blocks may be individually provided, and this may be connected to the block by bolts 7.

In each of the above-mentioned constructions, the bolt 7 has the following functions: a function of fixing the block 1 to the C-shaped steel members 8 and 8 '; a distance between the vertical C-shaped steel member 2 fixed to the foundation 3 and the block 1; It also has the function of maintaining the space between opposing blocks.

It is optional whether the holes of the C-shaped steels 2, 8, 8 ', and 10 are formed in advance in a factory or on site during construction.

The number of these holes is also arbitrary, and if a large number of holes are formed as shown in the figure, the work of aligning the blocks 1, bolts 7, connecting rods 12 and the like with the holes of the C-section steel can be performed. Can be easily performed. In the case of the construction type in which the C-section steels 2, 8, 8 'and 10 are provided in the concrete casting space as shown in FIGS. 1 and 4, the cast concrete is removed from each unused hole. And enough concrete is supplied around the C-shaped steel.

In each of the above constructions, an L-beam or an H-beam is used in place of the C-beams 2, 8, 8 'and 10. May be used.

FIGS. 6A and 6B are explanatory views showing frames for constructing a frame body in various forms. FIG. 6A is a square block having both front and rear surfaces flat, and FIG. The rectangular block (c) shown here is a triangular block in which both the front and back surfaces are flat. The shape of the block itself is arbitrary, and may be another polygonal shape or circular shape.

As described above, 1 is a block for constructing a frame, 1a is a (small diameter) hole for bolt insertion formed in the center of the block, 1b is a large diameter hole extending from the hole to the surface side,
1c is a step between the (small diameter) hole 1a and the large diameter recess 1b,
Reference numeral 1d denotes an upper surface side positioning portion of the block 1, and 1e denotes a lower surface side positioning portion of the block 1.

The frame construction block 1 used in the construction examples shown in FIGS. 1, 3 and 4 (the height of a single concrete casting: about 200 cm) is roughly as follows: Height (H) is 1000 mm The width (W) is 1000 mm, the thickness (T) is 100 to 150 mm, and the weight is 100 to 200 kg.

The hole 1a and the large-diameter concave portion 1b may be provided in advance at the time of manufacturing the block 1, or may be provided at a construction site. The set positions and the number of the holes 1a and the large-diameter concave portions 1b are also arbitrary. Further, a lath wire mesh may be embedded in the block 1 to increase the strength of the block.

The threaded portion of the bolt 7 remaining in the large-diameter recess 1b of the block 1 even after completion of the above-mentioned various retaining walls is used as a mounting base for a scaffold or a ladder used on the outer surface side of the block frame. You can also.

[0041]

As described above, according to the present invention, the frames are successively constructed by fixing the blocks having substantially the same shape to the holding member.
It is possible to integrate and stabilize the frame, and to level the entire surface of the frame.

Further, since the block for constructing the frame is used as a part of the concrete structure at the time of completion of the concrete structure, the work of removing the frame after construction is not required, and the working period can be shortened.

Further, since the holding member to be fixed to the block is provided in the concrete casting space and the holding member is finally hardened with concrete, the whole frame at the time of completion of the concrete structure can be stabilized. it can.

Further, since a connecting member, which is a tool for fixing the block to the holding member, is provided in the concrete casting space, and the connecting member is finally hardened with concrete, the entire frame body when the concrete structure is completed is completed. Can be made more stable.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is an explanatory view when a leaning retaining wall for a slope is constructed according to the present invention.

FIG. 2 is an explanatory view showing a construction procedure of the leaning retaining wall of FIG. 1 according to the present invention.

FIG. 3 is an explanatory view when a straight retaining wall is constructed according to the present invention.

FIG. 4 is an explanatory view when a levee type gravity retaining wall is constructed according to the present invention.

FIG. 5 is an explanatory view showing a procedure for constructing the retaining wall of FIGS. 3 and 4 according to the present invention.

FIG. 6 is an explanatory diagram showing frames for constructing a frame body in various forms according to the present invention.

[Explanation of symbols]

1: Block for frame construction 1a: For bolt insertion (small diameter) formed in the center of the block
Hole 1b: Large-diameter concave portion continuing from the hole to the front surface side 1c: (Small-diameter) step portion between hole 1a and large-diameter concave portion 1b 1d: Upper surface side positioning portion of block 1 1e: Lower surface side of block 1 Positioning part 2: Vertical C-shaped steel installed on the ground part (foundation) 2a: Support part 2b: Base part 2c: Hole for bolt penetration 3: Base made of concrete in excavated part of ground, 3a: Block Step for guiding and setting, 5: Pull-out plate 6: Split chestnut 7: Bolt (coupling member) 7a, 7b: Screw portion 8, 8 ': Lateral C-shaped steel for fixing block 1 ( 8a, 8a ': Hole for bolt penetration 8b, 8b': Hole for connection rod penetration provided in flange 9: Cap for screw portion 7a, 7b 9a: Inner screw portion of cap 10: C Longitudinal C-section steel 10a connected to section 2 Through a hole portion 11: connection plate 12: the vertical direction of the connecting rod to hold the C-shaped steel 8 and C-shaped steel 8 'at predetermined intervals, located next to each other (volts) 12a: screw portion

Claims (4)

[Claims] 1. A method of constructing a concrete structure by casting concrete inside a frame constructed of blocks of substantially the same shape, wherein the block is constructed from a plurality of blocks when constructing the frame. A method for constructing a concrete structure, wherein the method is fixed to a holding member in units of: 2. The method according to claim 1, wherein said block is left as a part of a concrete structure.
The construction method of the concrete structure described. 3. The method according to claim 1, wherein the holding member is provided in a concrete casting space. 4. A block having a hole formed in a part thereof, and a connecting member for fixing the block to the holding member is passed through the hole prior to the placing operation. The method according to claim 1, wherein a part of the concrete structure is put into a concrete placing space.