JP2001003668A - Drilling method and device - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To efficiently drill a hole by making operation as easy as possible while maintaining the verticality of a derricking boom while an auger machine and an auger screw are attached to the derricking boom in such a way as to be hung aloft. SOLUTION: In this drilling device, a cylindrical framed short leader 6 which is oscillated and displaced to maintain its verticality with respect to the ground at all times regardless of the derricking operation of a derricking boom 3 but which is non-rotatable about a vertical axis is pivotally supported on and connected to the end of the telescopic boom 3b of the derricking boom 3, and a rotary drive 4 is attached to the short leader 6 in such a way as to be capable of rising and falling only in the short section of the leader. An auger screw 5 is attached to the rotary drive 4.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to an underground excavation method and an excavation apparatus for excavating underground to bury a steel sheet pile, a precast pile or a cast-in-place pile.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art As the latest prior art of this kind of excavation method and excavator, for example, there is an invention described in Japanese Patent Publication No. 62-36088.

[0003] As described in the present invention, when excavation work is performed in a rugged place such as a mountainous area, a rotary driving device (auger machine) and a long leader for guiding an auger screw attached thereto are placed on the ground. An excavator has been proposed in which an auger machine and an auger screw attached to the auger machine mounted directly on the tip of an up-and-down boom attached to a self-propelled vehicle are used in a so-called hanging manner. I have.

When excavating into the ground, the auger machine and the auger screw attached to the auger machine always descend in accordance with the excavating speed of the auger screw while maintaining the vertical straightness. It had to be carefully operated. For this reason, the operation required a considerable skill and had a disadvantage that the efficiency was considerably poor.

[0005]

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION The present invention relates to an auger machine and an excavation method of the type in which an auger screw attached to the auger screw is mounted on an up-and-down boom in a suspended manner as described above. It is an object of the present invention to propose an excavation method and an excavation method capable of performing excavation efficiently by making operability as easy as possible.

[0006]

The structure of the present invention for achieving the above object will be described with reference to the drawings corresponding to the embodiments. The invention described in claim 1 is a self-propelled vehicle such as a crane truck. 1 a main boom 3 raised and lowered by a lifting cylinder 2
and an augment boom 3 comprising a telescopic boom 3b which is extendable and retractable therefrom, and an auger screw 5 which is rotationally driven by a rotation drive device (auger machine) 4 is attached to the up / down boom 3; In the excavation method in which the underground is excavated, the rocking displacement is performed at the tip of the telescopic boom 3b of the up-and-down boom 3 so as to always maintain verticality with respect to the ground regardless of the up-and-down operation of the up-and-down boom 3. A non-rotatable tubular frame-shaped short leader 6 is pivotally connected around the center, and a rotation driving device 4 is attached to the short reader 6 so that only the short section L (FIG. 3) of the leader can be moved up and down, and the rotation is driven to rotate. Drive 4
Of the auger screw 5
And excavates the ground, and at the excavation position of the auger screw 5, the short leader 6 is lowered while maintaining the verticality by the undulation and contraction of the undulating boom 3, and as a result, the rotary drive device 4 The present invention relates to an excavation method in which the short length leader 6 is returned to the upper end position of the short section L, and the rotary driving device 4 that is driven to rotate again from that position is lowered down the short section L, thereby excavating underground by repeating this operation.

According to a second aspect of the present invention, an up-and-down boom 3 comprising a main boom 3a which is raised and lowered by an up-and-down cylinder 2 and a telescopic boom 3b which is extendable and retractable is attached to a self-propelled vehicle 1 such as a crane vehicle. In an excavator in which an auger screw 5 that is rotationally driven by a rotational drive device (auger machine) 4 is attached to the undulating boom 3,
At the tip of the telescopic boom 3b of the undulating boom 3,
Irrespective of the up-and-down operation of the cylinder, a tubular frame-shaped short leader 6 that swings so as to always maintain verticality with respect to the ground but cannot rotate around the vertical axis is pivotally connected to the leader. And the auger screw 5 is attached to the rotary drive 4 so as to be able to move up and down only the short section L (FIG. 3).

According to the third aspect of the present invention, as shown in FIG. 7, the tubular frame-shaped short leader 6 and the guide rail 7 attached to the leader 6 are similar to the tubular frame-shaped short leader 6, Guide rail 7 installed
The excavator according to claim 2, wherein the excavator can be added to the excavator.

According to a fourth aspect of the present invention, as shown in FIG. 2 or FIG. 3, a detector 8 for detecting the perpendicularity of the tubular short reader 6 or the rotary driving device 4 is attached to the reader. Item 5 relates to a drilling device according to item 2 or 3.

According to a fifth aspect of the present invention, as shown in FIG. 6 (a), a rotary drive unit press-fitting hydraulic cylinder 29 is interposed between the cylindrical frame-shaped short reader 6 and the rotary drive unit 4. An excavator according to any one of claims 2 to 4.

[0011]

FIG. 1 is an overall view of an excavator according to the present invention, and is a vehicle body capable of turning a self-propelled vehicle 1, such as a rough terrain crane, a wheel crane, a truck crane or a crawler crane, through 360 °. An up-down boom 3 comprising a main boom 3a and a telescopic boom 3b fitted to the main boom 3a and driven by a hydraulic cylinder (not shown) is attached to the main boom 3a. It is supposed to. A suspension rope 10 having one end wrapped around a winch 9 mounted on a vehicle body 1a of the self-propelled vehicle 1 is attached along the undulating boom 3, and the other end of the suspension rope 10 is connected to a telescopic boom 3b. It extends downward via a guide sheave 11 attached to the distal end.

The telescopic boom 3b of the undulating boom 3
A cylindrical frame-shaped short leader 6 is attached to the end of the short leader 6 in a manner described later, and a rotation driving device (auger machine) 4 is mounted inside the short leader 6 on the suspension rope 10 via a lifting rope 21 described later. Suspended. An auger screw 5 is attached to the rotation driving device 4.

As shown in FIGS. 2 to 4, a pair of mounting brackets 12 are protruded from the upper side of the tubular frame-shaped short leader 6, and the distal end of the telescopic boom 3 b is provided between the two mounting brackets 12. The support bracket 13 provided at
As shown also in FIG. 4, the tubular frame-shaped short leader 6 is pierced by both the brackets 12 and 13 in the lateral direction, and the pivoting pin 14 fastened by the nut 14a and the retaining pin 14b causes the undulating boom 3 to undulate. Is suspended so as to be able to swing only. Thus, the tubular frame-shaped short leader 6 always maintains a vertical state with respect to the ground by the weight of the tubular frame-shaped short leader 6 irrespective of the raising / lowering operation of the up / down boom 3. , 13 and a pivot pin 14 for pivotally connecting the two, the tubular frame-shaped short leader 6 is non-rotatably mounted about a vertical axis which is maintained in its vertical state. In addition, as shown in FIG.
Is projected upward, a guide sheave 11a is attached to this, and another suspension rope 10a is passed through the guide sheave 11a, and an existing pile or the like is suspended by the suspension rope 10a.

The tubular frame-shaped short leader 6 comprises the above-mentioned mounting bracket 12 and the tubular frame 15 on the upper side thereof, and the tubular frame 15 is formed in a three-dimensional frame such as a rectangular tubular frame or a cylindrical frame. As shown in FIG. 3, the short reader 6 has a short length LA of 2 to 3 m as an example.
Further, as shown in FIG. 2, in the embodiment of the present invention, the tubular frame 15 of the short reader 6 is formed in a cage shape in order to further reduce the weight. That is, the vertical bar 16a, the horizontal bar 16b, and the reinforcing bar 16c are appropriately combined as a unit, and the
and a basket-shaped cylindrical frame 15 formed so as to have d.
An auger machine, that is, the rotation drive device 4 is mounted inside the cylindrical frame 15.

The tubular frame 15 of the tubular short reader 6 includes:
As shown in FIG. 3, especially FIG.
The length of the guide rail 7 is 1.5 to 2.5 m as shown in FIG. A guide holding arm 18 for holding the guide rail 7 is attached to the rotary driving device 4, and the rotary driving device 4 held by the guide holding arm 18 moves up and down the short section L of the guide rail 7 as shown in FIG. You can do it.

Further, on the upper side of the rotary driving device 4, FIG.
As shown in the figure, a lifting sheave 19 is attached, and a suspension sheave 20 is attached to the support bracket 13 at the end of the telescopic boom 3b, and a lifting rope 21 is wound between the sheaves 19 and 20. One end of the lifting rope 21 is connected to the suspension rope 10, and the other end is fixed to the support bracket 13 side or the rotation drive device 4 side.

Accordingly, by driving the winch 9 shown in FIG. 1 and paying out the hanging rope 10 wound around the winch 9, the rotary driving device 4 allows the lifting rope 21 to extend due to its own weight, and 7, that is, the short section L can be moved up and down.

The rotary drive 4 is a so-called auger machine 4 such as a motor and a speed reducer.
An auger screw 5 driven by the auger machine 4 is attached to a lower portion thereof. A hollow fixed shaft 22 or a hollow which rotates in a direction opposite to the auger screw 5 by the auger machine 4 is provided on an outer peripheral side of the auger screw 5. A rotation shaft 22 is provided.

As shown in FIG. 2 or FIG. 3, a detector 8 for detecting these vertical states is attached to the tubular short reader 6 or the rotary driving device 4 provided therein. As shown in FIG. 1, a display 23 is installed in the driver's cab of the self-propelled vehicle 1, and these are electrically connected to each other to connect the tubular frame-shaped short reader 6, that is, the rotary drive device 4, and thus the auger screw 5. The vertical condition can be detected in the cab.

In order to operate the excavator having the above configuration, the vehicle 1 is moved to the excavation position as shown in FIG.
The up-and-down boom 3 is raised up to a required inclination by the up-and-down cylinder 2, and the auger screw 5 is drooped to the excavation position from the tip thereof, and the auger screw 4 attached to the auger screw 4 is driven by driving the auger machine 4 in this state. 5 is excavated in the ground, and a single excavation distance is a short section L (FIG. 3) in which the auger machine 4 descends while being guided by the guide rail 7 laid on the short reader 6 having a cylindrical shape. The auger machine 4 is shown in FIG.
When the lowering limit is reached as shown in FIG. 7B by the guide rail 7 from the state shown in FIG. 5B, the lowering operation of the raising / lowering boom 3 by the raising / lowering cylinder 2 and the contracting operation of the telescopic boom 3b are performed. Then, while maintaining the verticality of the tubular frame-shaped short leader 6, that is, the auger screw 5, the tubular frame-shaped short leader 6 is lowered, and as a result, FIG.
As shown in FIG. 7, the auger machine 4 returns to the upper end position of the guide rail 7 of the tubular short leader 6.

By the way, as described above, the auger machine 4
Is driven to excavate the auger screw 5 into the ground, the reaction force of the excavation force is applied to the tubular frame-shaped short leader 6, and a strong excavation reaction force acts on the short leader 6.
Since the tubular frame-shaped short leader 6 is formed in a cubic frame, it has sufficient durability against this strong excavation reaction force.

Further, since the tubular frame-shaped short leader 6 is formed to be short as its name implies, it can be operated without trouble even in a rugged work site such as a mountainous area.

The tubular frame-shaped short leader 6 is formed as short as 2 to 3 m as described above, and the length of one excavation is 1.5 to 2.
When the work efficiency is slightly inferior due to the short section L of 5 m, in order to further increase the work efficiency, as shown in FIG.
In addition, as shown by a virtual line in FIG.
The tubular frame-shaped short reader 6, which has a substantially identical structure, more precisely, the tubular frame 15 can be added. That is, the lower edge of the tubular frame-shaped short reader 6 on the upper side has a convex edge 30.
, A concave edge 31 is formed in the upper step of the lower cylindrical frame 15, the two are fitted together and fastened with a lock pin 32,
At this time, the notches 33 and 3 provided at the lower end of the upper guide rail 7 and the upper end of the lower guide rail 7 are provided.
4 are engaged with each other so that the two guide rails 7, 7 are extended flush. As a result, a single excavation distance in which the auger machine 4 and the auger screw 5 descend along the guide rails 7, 7 of the two tubular frame-shaped short leaders 6, 6 is 2L, and the excavation efficiency can be greatly increased. Needless to say, as shown in FIG. 1, the tubular frame 15 of the tubular frame-shaped short leader 6 can be further used.

Further, it is necessary to operate the tubular frame-shaped short leader 6 so as to maintain the verticality. However, the tubular frame-shaped short leader 6 itself has the tip portion of the auger screw 5 underground by the first excavation work. And the vertical direction is held by the auger screw 5 which is vertically erected. Therefore, it is relatively easy to operate the up-and-down boom 3 while maintaining the tubular short reader 6 in the vertical state. Since the indicator 23 electrically connected to the detector 8 is installed in the cab as described above,
It is possible to easily maintain the verticality of the tubular frame-shaped short reader 6 while watching the display 23. Of course, it is possible to operate accurately only by the operation technique of the operator.

As described above, the auger screw 5 is dug to a predetermined depth in the ground to form a drill hole by alternately repeating the extension of the suspension rope 20 and the falling and shrinking of the hoisting boom 3. Can be.

After the excavation hole is formed, a cast-in-place pile or an existing pile is buried in the excavation hole, and the casing 2 is mounted on a hollow fixed shaft 22 provided in the auger machine 4 as shown in FIG.
4 is fastened by a lock pin 25, a steel sheet pile 28 is moved along a casing 24 by a gripping member 27 provided on a hollow fixed shaft 22 and operated by a hydraulic cylinder 26, and the steel sheet pile 28 is accurately excavated in this state. It can also be buried underground.

Further, a casing 24 can be attached to a rotary hollow shaft 22 rotated by the auger machine 4, and the excavating operation can be performed while the auger screw 5 and the casing 24 are rotated in opposite directions.

The auger screw 5 includes a down-the-hole hammer which is a pneumatic impact drill for excavating hard soil such as rock. Of course, it may be used as. Therefore, the auger screw 5 in the present invention should be broadly interpreted as a drilling tool.

In the illustrated embodiment, the auger machine 4 supported by the tubular frame-shaped short leader 6 is provided with a suspension rope 20.
And is lowered by its own weight. A hydraulic cylinder 29 is provided between the tubular frame-shaped short reader 6 and the auger machine 4 (see FIG. 6A). The auger machine 4 may be lowered by the pressure input of 29.

As described above, the rotary driving device press-fitting hydraulic cylinder 2 is disposed between the cylindrical frame-shaped short reader 6 and the rotary driving device 4.
9, the press-fitting reaction force generated by lowering the rotary driving device 4 by the forced pressure input of the hydraulic cylinder 29 causes the tubular frame-shaped short leader 6 to which the hydraulic cylinder 29 is attached and the leader 6 is supported directly by the up-and-down boom 3 that pivotally supports the rotary drive 6, so that the rotary drive can be lowered by the total propulsive force of the own weight of the rotary drive 4 and the pressure input of the hydraulic cylinder 29,
Excavation efficiency can be further increased.

[0031]

According to the first aspect of the present invention, the distal end of the telescopic boom is oscillatingly displaced so as to always maintain verticality with respect to the ground regardless of the operation of raising and lowering the boom. Around the circumference, a tubular frame-shaped short leader that is non-rotatable is pivotally connected, and a rotary drive device is attached to the short reader so that only the short section of the reader can be raised and lowered. While excavating the earth by excavating the auger screw, at the excavation position of the auger screw, the short reader is lowered while maintaining the verticality by the undulation and expansion and contraction of the undulating boom, and as a result, the rotary drive device is moved to the short reader. The short section is returned to the upper end position of the short section, and the rotation driving device that is driven to rotate again from that position is moved down the short section,
The repetition of the excavation in the ground and the auger machine and auger screw are guided by the short leader as described above, so when excavation work is performed on rugged work sites such as mountainous areas However, since it is not necessary to provide a long leader for the auger screw guide, the excavation work can be easily performed.

In addition, during the excavation work in which the auger screw descends, the auger machine and the auger screw connected to the auger machine are only lowered by being held by the tubular short leader and guided by the leader. Operation is easy.

Further, during the excavation work by the auger screw, the strong excavation reaction force is applied to the short leader having a cylindrical shape, but since the leader is formed in a cylindrical shape, that is, in a three-dimensional frame, the leader has a sufficient strength. Even if a strong excavation reaction force is applied to the leader, it can be used stably without being destroyed.

According to the second aspect of the present invention, the distal end of the telescopic boom is rocked and displaced so as to always maintain verticality with respect to the ground irrespective of the operation of raising and lowering the boom. The pivotal connection of a non-rotatable tubular frame-shaped short leader is attached to the short leader, and a rotary drive device is mounted on the short reader so that only the short section of the leader can be moved up and down. Excavation can be easily and accurately performed on a rugged work site such as the ground, and this type of excavator can be manufactured at low cost.

According to the third aspect of the present invention, the tubular frame-shaped short leader and the guide rail attached to the leader can be added to the same tubular frame-shaped short leader and the guide rail attached thereto. Therefore, the work efficiency can be greatly improved by successively adding tubular frame-shaped short leaders and performing excavation work in accordance with the work conditions at the work site.

According to the fourth aspect of the present invention, since a detector for detecting the verticality of the tubular frame-shaped reader or the rotary driving device is attached to the tubular frame-shaped short reader or the rotary driving device, the operator at the work site directly connects the detector. By looking, or by means of a cab indicator electrically connected to the detector, the auger screw attached to the rotary drive can be easily and accurately dug while maintaining its verticality.

According to the fifth aspect of the present invention, since the hydraulic cylinder for press-fitting the rotary drive device is interposed between the short leader and the rotary drive device, the forced pressure input of the hydraulic cylinder is provided. The press-fit reaction force generated by lowering the rotary driving device is directly received by the tubular frame-shaped short reader to which the hydraulic cylinder is attached and the up-and-down boom that pivotally supports the leader, so that the weight of the rotary driving device is reduced. The rotary driving device can be lowered by the total propulsion force of the hydraulic cylinders, and the excavation efficiency can be further increased.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is an overall schematic diagram of an embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a perspective view of the main part.

FIG. 3 is a vertical sectional front view of the main part.

FIG. 4 is a vertical sectional side view of the main part.

FIG. 5 is a sectional view taken along line VV of FIG. 4;

FIGS. 6A and 6B are longitudinal sectional front views showing an operation state.

FIG. 7 is a longitudinal sectional front view of the other embodiment.

FIG. 8 is a front view showing a main part of another embodiment.

[Explanation of symbols]

 DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Self-propelled vehicle 2 Undulating cylinder 3 Undulating boom 3a Main boom 3b Telescopic boom 4 Rotary drive device (auger machine) 5 Auger screw 6 Tube-shaped short leader 7 Guide rail 8 Detector 29 Hydraulic cylinder for press fitting

Claims (5)

[Claims] 1. A mobile boom such as a crane truck is fitted with a main boom which is raised and lowered by a raising and lowering cylinder and a telescopic boom which is extendably provided on the main boom, and a rotary drive unit (auger machine) is mounted on the hoisting boom. In the excavation method in which the auger screw that is driven to rotate is mounted and the earth is excavated by the rotation of the auger screw, the perpendicularity to the ground is always maintained at the tip of the telescopic boom of the undulating boom regardless of the undulating operation of the undulating boom. A tubular frame-shaped short leader that swings and displaces to maintain but cannot rotate around the vertical axis is pivotally connected, and a rotation drive device is attached to the short leader so that only the short section of the leader can be raised and lowered, and the rotation drive is performed. The auger screw is excavated by the descent of the short section of the rotating drive device to excavate underground, In the excavation position of Clew, the short reader is lowered while maintaining the verticality by the undulation and contraction of the undulating boom, and as a result, the rotary drive device is returned to the short section upper end position of the short reader, and from that position again. An excavation method in which a rotary drive device that is rotationally driven is lowered in the short section, and the underground is excavated by repeating this operation. 2. A self-propelled vehicle such as a crane truck is fitted with a main boom that is raised and lowered by a raising and lowering cylinder and a telescopic boom that is extendably provided on the main boom, and a rotary drive device (auger machine) is attached to the raised and lower boom. In an excavator equipped with an auger screw that is driven to rotate, the tip of the telescopic boom of the hoisting boom is displaced by swinging so as to always maintain verticality to the ground regardless of the operation of the hoisting boom, but around the vertical axis. An excavator having a tubular frame-shaped short leader that is non-rotatable connected to a pivotal drive, a rotary drive device attached to the short leader so that only the short section of the leader can be raised and lowered, and an auger screw attached to the rotary drive device. . 3. The short tubular leader and a guide rail attached to the leader can be added to a similar short tubular leader and a guide rail attached thereto. Drilling rig. 4. The excavator according to claim 2, wherein a detector for detecting the verticality of the reader is attached to the tubular frame-shaped short reader or the rotary drive device. 5. The excavator according to claim 2, wherein a hydraulic cylinder for press-fitting the rotary drive device is interposed between the short leader and the rotary drive device.