JP2000317423A - Garbage treatment - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To suppress the fermentation smell in a garbage treatment method for decomposition and annihilation of garbage and to allow the effective utilization of remaining bed material for compost. SOLUTION: In the garbage treatment method for treating the garbage by housing the wooden bed material, such as bark, and the garbage into a treating vessel 1 and treating the garbage by actuating a turning means 2 and a ventilating means 11, the weak turning control to weaken the turning effect by the material turning means 2 and the weak ventilation control to weaken the ventilation of the ventilating means 11 are executed when the temperature in the vessel detected by a temperature sensor 16 is below a set fermentation temperature in a range of 35 to 40 deg.C and the strong turning control to intensify the turning effect by the material turning means 2 and the strong ventilation control to increase the ventilation rate of the ventilating means 11 are executed when the detected temperature in the vessel is below the set fermentation temperature described above, by which the fermentation temperature of the treated material is suppressed within a range of 35 to 40 deg.C.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a garbage disposal method for eliminating garbage.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art There is known a method of mixing raw garbage with a proper flooring material in a treatment tank and fermenting the garbage in order to eliminate garbage, for example, cooking residues and garbage. Since strong fermentation odors are emitted, measures such as connecting a deodorizing device to the exhaust path from the treatment tank are taken, which not only increases the equipment cost but also increases the cost of processing garbage into the treatment tank. Workers hate the fermentation odor emanating from inside,
The fact is that it has not been fully utilized. Further, depending on the floor material used, the processing residue cannot be directly used as compost.

[0003]

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION An object of the present invention is to provide a garbage disposal method which can solve the above-mentioned conventional problems. In the drawing, a processing tank 1, a material switching means 2 in the processing tank 1, a temperature sensor 16 for detecting a temperature in the tank, and a ventilation means 11 for passing outside air into the tank are provided. A garbage disposal method for treating garbage by using a device, storing wood-based flooring material such as bark and garbage in a treatment tank 1 and operating a material switching means 2 and a ventilation means 11. The temperature detected by the temperature sensor 16 is 35 degrees Celsius.
When the temperature is equal to or lower than the set fermentation temperature set within a range of ４０40 ° C., at least one of weak switching control in which the switching operation of the material switching unit 2 is weakened and weak ventilation control in which the ventilation amount of the ventilation unit 11 is reduced. When either of the controls is performed and the detected temperature is equal to or higher than the set fermentation temperature, one of the strong switching control in which the switching action of the material switching means 2 is enhanced and the strong ventilation control in which the ventilation amount of the ventilation means 11 is increased. By performing at least one of the controls, the fermentation temperature of the processing material is suppressed within the range of 35 to 40 degrees Celsius.

[0004] In carrying out the method of the present invention, specifically, bark compost or bark compost as a main component is preferable as the wood-based flooring material. Further, when the detected temperature is equal to or lower than the set fermentation temperature, the weak switching control in which the ratio of the stop time to the driving time of the intermittently operated material switching means 2 is increased, and the ventilation means 1
(1) weak ventilation control in which the amount of ventilation is reduced, and when the detected temperature is equal to or higher than the set fermentation temperature, strong switching control in which the ratio of the stop time to the driving time of the material switching means 2 that is intermittently operated is reduced. At the same time, it is possible to perform strong ventilation control in which the ventilation amount of the ventilation means is increased.

[0005] A heater 1 for increasing the ambient temperature in the bath is provided.
4 and the outside air temperature or the detected temperature is 20 degrees Celsius.
Only when the temperature is below the fermentation acceleration start temperature set below
The heater 14 can be operated. In this case, specifically, when the outside air temperature or the detected temperature is equal to or lower than the fermentation acceleration start temperature set to 10 degrees Celsius or less,
The heater 14 is operated, and when the outside air temperature or the detected temperature is equal to or higher than the fermentation promotion end temperature set in the range of 10 to 20 degrees Celsius, the heater 14 can be stopped. Further, the heater 14 can be disposed in the air supply path 12 into the tank of the ventilation means 11.

Further, the ventilation means 11 has an air supply path 12 into the tank, an exhaust path 13 to the outside of the tank, and a blower 15 disposed in the exhaust path 13. 1
While the input port 8 is open, the ventilation of the blower 15 can be strongly switched.

[0007] Further, as an air passage of the ventilation means 11 into the tank, an air passage 27 for introducing outside air into the bottom of the tank may be provided.

[0008]

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS A preferred embodiment of the present invention will be described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.
Denotes a processing tank, which has a switching means 2 inside. The turning means 2 includes a small-diameter right-feed ribbon screw 4 and a large-diameter left-feed ribbon screw 5 on a horizontal rotating shaft 3.
Are concentrically supported by support arms 4a and 5a, and are rotationally driven by a motor 6.

As shown in FIG. 2, the processing tank 1 has a large-diameter left-feed ribbon screw 5a in which a portion 1a below the maximum input level L of a processing material, which is a mixture of floor material and garbage, is disposed.
And a portion 1b above the level L is formed in a vertical rectangular tube shape. And
As shown in FIG. 1, an opening 8 provided with an openable / closable lid 7 is provided in an upper wall portion 1c which closes the upper end of the vertical rectangular cylindrical upper portion 1b, and the horizontal cylindrical lower portion 1a is provided. At one end (the end in the feed direction of the small-diameter right-feed ribbon screw 4), there is provided a take-out port 10 having a lid 9 that can be opened and closed.

Reference numeral 11 denotes a ventilation means, which is an upper wall portion 1 of the processing tank.
c, an air supply passage 12 connected to one end of the treatment tank,
c, an exhaust path 13 connected to the other end side, and the air supply path 12
And a blower 15 disposed in the exhaust path 13.

Reference numeral 16 denotes a temperature sensor for detecting the temperature in the processing tank 1, and reference numeral 17 denotes a cover opening sensor such as a limit switch for detecting that the inlet opening / closing cover 7 is opened. A control device 18 including a microcomputer, a programmable sequencer, and the like includes a motor controller 19 that controls the drive motor 6 of the switching means 2 based on a temperature signal detected by the temperature sensor 16 and an on / off signal from the lid sensor 17. A motor controller 20 for controlling the blower 15 of the ventilation means 11 and the ventilation means 1
Heater controller 2 for controlling one heater 14
1 etc. are automatically controlled. The motor controller 20 that controls the blower 15 can adjust not only the turning on / off of the motor but also the number of revolutions freely. Here, high-speed rotation (strong wind), medium-speed rotation (medium wind), and It is possible to switch to low-speed rotation (weak wind), and the rotation speed of each stage can be set in advance. Further, the control panel 22 includes a bath temperature display section 23 for displaying the bath temperature detected by the temperature sensor 16, an operation switch 24, and a removal switch 25.

Prior to use, necessary settings are made for a control program stored and set in the control device 18. That is, using the input means 26 such as a keyboard provided in the control device 18, the fermentation promotion start temperature T1 of 10 degrees Celsius or less, the fermentation promotion end temperature T2 of 10 to 20 degrees Celsius, and the weakness of 25 to 35 degrees Celsius are used. Wind switching temperature T3, steady fermentation temperature T4 of 35 to 40 degrees Celsius T3, switching means driving time D of 3 to 10 minutes
1, 10 to 60 minutes switching means length stop time S1, and 2
A switching means short stop time S2 of 10 minutes is set. For example, T1 = 5 degrees Celsius, T2 = 15 degrees Celsius, T3 = 30 degrees Celsius, T4 = 37 degrees Celsius, D1 = 5 minutes, S1 = 30
Minute, S2 = 5 minutes.

At the time of use, woody flooring materials such as bark, bark, sawdust, and debris of tree pruning waste and garbage are introduced into the treatment tank 1 within a range not exceeding the maximum input level L. As this flooring, it is preferable to use bark compost which is also a source of inoculum and has good air permeability, good moisture retention and moderately soft, rather than using raw bark or crushed pieces of tree pruning debris, Also in this case, it is desirable to use bark compost which is in the middle of fermentation instead of ripe bark compost alone. It is preferable to mix not only bark compost but also fine wood debris such as sawdust that has good entanglement with garbage, and the mixing ratio is 5 to 7 (preferably 6) by bark compost in volume ratio. 3-5 (preferably 4) such as sawdust
The degree is preferred. Ideally, the mixing ratio of flooring and garbage should be such that the input garbage almost disappears by the next garbage input. The amount of garbage is reduced to 10% or less (preferably about 6 to 8%). In other words, the amount of the floor material is determined according to the amount of the garbage to be processed at one time and the time interval of the garbage, so that the floor material and the garbage are accommodated in a range not exceeding the maximum input level L. A processing tank 1 having a sufficient volume is required.

Next, the garbage disposal apparatus according to the present invention, which is executed using the garbage processing apparatus in which the floor material and the garbage are stored in the processing tank 1 as described above, and the control program set and stored in the control unit 18. An example of the dust disposal method will be described with reference to the flowchart of FIG. 3. When the operation switch 24 is turned on, the detected temperature XT of the temperature sensor 16 and the set temperatures T1 to T1 are set.
T4 and the detected temperature XT is the fermentation acceleration start temperature T
Low wind switching temperature T3 (30 degrees Celsius) at 1 (5 degrees Celsius) or higher
In the following cases, the blower 15 of the ventilation means 11 is switched from off to low on via the motor controller 20, and the driving motor 6 of the switching means 2 is driven via the motor controller 21 for the driving time D1 (5).
) And the long stop time S1 (30 minutes).

That is, in the processing tank 1, the ribbon screw 4,
5 is repeatedly rotated for 5 minutes and stopped for 30 minutes, and the outside air is fed into the processing tank 1 from the air supply path 12 and discharged from the exhaust path 13 by the suction action of the blower 15. Accordingly, the mixture of the floor material and the garbage in the treatment tank 1 is aerated while being repeatedly stirred by the rotation of the ribbon screws 4 and 5, and the fermentation decomposition is started.

As the fermentation decomposition of the garbage proceeds, the temperature in the tank rises. When the temperature XT detected by the temperature sensor 16 is equal to or higher than the weak wind switching temperature T3 (30 degrees Celsius), the steady fermentation temperature T4
(37 degrees Celsius) When the temperature rises to the range below, the blower 15 of the ventilation means 11 is switched from the weak wind ON to the medium wind ON via the motor controller 20, the ventilation in the processing tank 1 is promoted, and the temperature in the tank increases. Is suppressed. When the fermentation decomposition proceeds further and the temperature XT detected by the temperature sensor 16 exceeds the steady fermentation temperature T4 (37 degrees Celsius), the blower 15 of the ventilation means 11 is switched from the medium wind ON to the strong wind ON via the motor controller 20. , The driving motor 6 of the switching means 2 is a motor controller 21
Via the drive time D1 (5 minutes) and the short stop time S2 (5
) Is switched to intermittent operation. Therefore,
Ventilation in the treatment tank 1 is further promoted, and the frequency of the agitation is increased, so that the fermentation decomposition rate of the garbage is suppressed, and the temperature rise is further suppressed. It is clear from the flow chart of FIG. 3 that when the detected temperature XT is lowered due to the fermentation decomposition of garbage, the operating state is switched to the detected temperature.

[0017] By the above action, garbage is fermented and decomposed,
Apparently, only the floor material remains. Of course,
Bark compost and the like used as flooring materials also have unfermented components fermented and decomposed and mechanically abraded. In this state, the next garbage is inserted. When the detected temperature XT decreases due to the input of garbage, the operation state is switched to an operation state corresponding to the detected temperature, as is clear from the flowchart of FIG. To be continued. In addition, it is not necessary to put the raw garbage after the raw garbage being processed is completely fermented and decomposed and disappeared.If there is a large amount of garbage mainly composed of carbohydrates,
Since the fermentation decomposition rate is slow, the next garbage is thrown in with some unfermented decomposition garbage remaining. However, as described above, the floor material itself is reduced in volume. The raw garbage may be charged as appropriate as long as the processing material in the container does not exceed the maximum input level L.

When the installation location is in a cold region or when the usage period is extremely cold, the outside temperature (temperature in the tank) at the start of operation is low, and when the operation switch 24 is turned on, the detected temperature XT increases the fermentation. When the temperature is equal to or lower than the start temperature T1 (5 degrees Celsius), the ventilation means 11
The heater 14 in the inside is energized, and the blower 15 of the ventilation means 11 is switched from off to weak wind on via the motor controller 20. As a result, processing tank 1
The outside air heated by the heater 14 is fed into the inside, and is exhausted from the exhaust path 13. This preheating action raises the temperature in the tank. The detected temperature XT is the fermentation promotion end temperature T2.
(15 degrees Celsius), heater controller 2
The power supply to the heater 14 is cut off via 1 and the operation returns to the normal operation.

The preheating operation for accelerating the fermentation is automatically performed. However, the temperature in the tank (detection temperature XT)
Can be known from the in-bath temperature display section 23 of the control panel 22, so that a fermentation promotion switch is provided on the control panel 22,
Preheating operation for artificially promoting fermentation may be performed. In any case, the switching means 2 may be operated during the preheating operation for promoting fermentation.

During the above operation, an interruption process shown in the flowchart of FIG. 4 is performed. That is, when the lid 7 of the input port 8 is opened for the input of garbage during operation or the like and the lid open sensor 17 is turned on, the power supply to the drive motor 6 of the switching means 2 via the motor controller 21 is cut off. The rotation of the ribbon screws 4 and 5 in the processing tank 1 is stopped, and the motor controller 2
0, the blower 15 of the ventilation means 11 is forcibly switched on. As a result, personal injury due to the rotating ribbon screws 4 and 5 can be prevented, and the outside air is also strongly sucked into the tank from the opened inlet 8.
It is possible to prevent dust or odor from being thrown into the garbage input worker side from the garbage to be input or from inside the tank. When the lid 7 of the charging port 8 is closed and the lid opening sensor 17 is turned off, the interruption control ends, and the operation returns to the original steady operation.

If the fermentation decomposition of the garbage does not proceed even after a predetermined time has elapsed after the garbage is put in, and the detected temperature XT does not rise and a putrid odor is generated, the floor material is replaced. In this case, the operation switch 24 is turned off and the take-out switch 25 is turned on. Of course, the operation switch 24 can be automatically turned off by turning on the take-out switch 25. As shown in the flowchart of FIG. 5, when the take-out switch 25 is turned on, the lid 7 of the slot 8 is closed and the lid-opening sensor 1 is closed.
On condition that the switch 7 is off, the drive motor 6 of the switching means 2 is continuously energized via the motor controller 21 and the ribbon screws 4 and 5 in the processing tank 1 rotate continuously. In this state, open the lid 9 of the outlet 10 and
The floor material in the processing tank 1 is discharged from the take-out port 10 by the small-diameter right-feed ribbon screw 4 having a feed action toward the take-out port 10. When the cover 7 of the inlet 8 is opened and the cover open sensor 17 is turned on during the removal operation,
The ribbon screws 4 and 5 stop.

As shown by phantom lines in FIGS. 1 and 2, an air supply path 27 for forcibly supplying outside air from the bottom of the processing tank 1 into the processing tank 1 may be provided. The bottom air supply path 27 is used in combination with at least the exhaust path 13, and a blower may be provided in at least one of the bottom air supply path 27 and the exhaust path 13. Reference numeral 28 denotes a blower incorporated in the air passage 27. When the air supply path 27 is provided, it is desirable that the heater 14 be incorporated in the air supply path 27. The air supply path 12 may or may not be provided.

Further, as a weak switching control in which the switching action of the switching means 2 is weakened, the ratio of the stop time to the driving time of the switching means 2 which is operated intermittently is increased, and the strong switching control in which the switching action of the switching means 2 is enhanced. Although the ratio of the stop time to the drive time of the switching means 2 which is intermittently driven is reduced, the rotation speed of the continuously driven switching means 2 is reduced as the weak switching control, and the continuous driving is performed as the strong switching control. The rotation speed of the switching means 2 can be increased. Further, when changing the ratio of the stop time to the drive time of the switching means 2 that is operated intermittently, the length of the stop time is changed with respect to the constant drive time, but both the drive time and the stop time may be changed, The length of the drive time may be changed with respect to the fixed stop time.

[0024]

As described above, according to the garbage processing method of the present invention, the temperature in the processing tank (the temperature detected by the temperature sensor) is
When the fermentation temperature is equal to or lower than the set fermentation temperature set in the range of 35 to 40 degrees Celsius, at least one of the weak switching control in which the switching action of the material switching means is weakened and the weak ventilation control in which the ventilation amount of the ventilation means is reduced. When the detected temperature is equal to or higher than the set fermentation temperature, strong switching control in which the switching operation by the material switching means is enhanced and ventilation are performed. The fermentation temperature of the processing material is set to 35 to 40 degrees Celsius by performing at least one control (in the embodiment, both, or both may be used) of the strong ventilation control in which the ventilation amount of the means is increased. The fermentation temperature is around 40 degrees Celsius, in combination with the use of wood-based flooring such as bark, which has a high fermentation odor adsorption effect, as a bed for fermentation and decomposition of garbage. Et al rapidly almost without causing a made fermentation smell strongly, the fermentation decomposition of food waste is allowed to proceed, it is possible to eliminate the garbage.

Therefore, it is not necessary to add an expensive deodorizing device requiring maintenance to the exhaust path, so that the equipment cost can be greatly reduced and the working environment can be improved. In addition, as described above, a wooden flooring material such as bark, which itself can be fermented and decomposed, is used as a bed for fermentation and decomposition of garbage. When it is no longer efficiently performed, the remaining flooring can be used as it is as compost.

According to the second aspect of the present invention,
Since bark compost or a flooring material containing bark compost as a main component with appropriate moisture retention, air permeability and flexibility is used, the fermentation and decomposition of garbage can proceed efficiently from the beginning of operation using new flooring material. And the remaining flooring material can be reused as good-quality and high-quality compost.

According to the third aspect of the present invention,
The switching of the switching by the switching means can be easily and effectively performed, and the combination of the switching of the switching and the switching of the ventilation allows the fermentation temperature to be 35 to 40 degrees Celsius.
Can be effectively suppressed each time. That is, the method according to the first aspect of the present invention can be easily performed.

According to the present invention described in claim 4,
Even when used in a cold region or in a severe cold season, fermentation after putting in garbage can be promoted, and the intended purpose can be achieved efficiently. In this case, according to the present invention, since the inside of the tank can be heated to an appropriate temperature while sufficiently lowering the operation start temperature of the heater, it is possible to suppress an increase in running cost due to the operation of the heater. Can be. Furthermore, in this case, according to the present invention, the inside of the processing tank can be easily and uniformly heated using the air flowing in the processing tank.

Further, according to the present invention, when the input port of the processing tank is opened for the input of raw garbage, dust and odor are prevented from spouting from inside the processing tank. And the working environment is further improved. According to the present invention as set forth in claim 8, the outside air fed into the tank is efficiently aerated into the processing material which is repeatedly stirred by the switching means, and the temperature rise accompanying fermentation is favorably suppressed. be able to.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a vertical sectional side view of a processing apparatus that can be used to carry out a method of the present invention, and a block diagram illustrating a configuration of a control system.

FIG. 2 is a vertical sectional front view of the processing apparatus.

FIG. 3 is a flowchart illustrating a control procedure of the method of the present invention.

FIG. 4 is a flowchart illustrating an interrupt control procedure.

FIG. 5 is a flowchart illustrating a control procedure at the time of floor material removal.

[Explanation of symbols]

 REFERENCE SIGNS LIST 1 processing tank 2 switching means 4 small-diameter right-feed ribbon screw 5 large-diameter left-feed ribbon screw 6 motor 8 input port 10 take-out port 11 ventilation means 12, 27 air supply path 13 exhaust path 14 heater 15, 28 blower 16 Temperature sensor 17 Opening sensor 18 Controller 22 Control panel 23 Temperature display section inside tank 24 Operation switch 25 Extraction switch

Claims (8)

[Claims] 1. A processing apparatus comprising a processing tank, a material switching means in the processing tank, a temperature sensor for detecting a temperature in the tank, and a ventilation means for passing outside air into the tank. A wood-based flooring material such as bark and garbage, and a garbage disposal method for treating garbage by operating the material switching means and the ventilation means, wherein the temperature detected by the temperature sensor is 35 degrees Celsius. When the temperature is equal to or lower than the set fermentation temperature set within the range of ４０40 ° C., at least one of the weak switching control in which the switching action of the material switching means is weakened and the weak ventilation control in which the ventilation amount of the ventilation means is reduced. When the detected temperature is equal to or higher than the set fermentation temperature, at least one of strong switching control in which the switching operation by the material switching unit is strengthened and strong ventilation control in which the ventilation amount of the ventilation unit is increased. One of the controls A method for treating garbage, wherein the method controls the fermentation temperature of the treated material within a range of 35 to 40 degrees Celsius. 2. The garbage disposal method according to claim 1, wherein said wood flooring is bark compost or bark compost as a main component. 3. When the detected temperature is equal to or lower than the set fermentation temperature, weak return control is performed by increasing the ratio of the stop time to the drive time of the intermittently operated material switching means, and the ventilation amount of the ventilation means is reduced. When the detected temperature is equal to or higher than the set fermentation temperature, strong switching control is performed by reducing the ratio of the stop time to the driving time of the material switching means that is intermittently operated, and the ventilation of the ventilation means is performed. The garbage disposal method according to claim 1, wherein a strong ventilation control with an increased amount is performed. 4. A heater for increasing the atmosphere temperature in the tank is provided, and the heater is operated only when the outside air temperature or the detected temperature is equal to or lower than a fermentation acceleration start temperature set at 20 degrees Celsius or lower. The garbage disposal method according to any one of claims 1 to 3. 5. The method according to claim 1, wherein the outside air temperature or said detected temperature is 10 degrees Celsius.
When the temperature is equal to or lower than the fermentation promotion start temperature set to be less than or equal to the degree, the heater is operated, and the outside air temperature or the detected temperature is
The garbage disposal method according to claim 4, wherein the heater is stopped when the temperature is equal to or higher than the fermentation promotion end temperature set within a range of 10 to 20 degrees Celsius. 6. The garbage disposal method according to claim 4, wherein the heater is disposed in an air passage of the ventilation means into a tank. 7. The ventilation means has an air supply path into the tank, an exhaust path to the outside of the tank, and a blower disposed in the exhaust path, and an inlet of the processing tank is opened. The garbage disposal method according to any one of claims 1 to 6, wherein the ventilation of the blower is strongly switched during the operation. 8. The ventilation means according to claim 1, wherein said ventilation means is provided with an air supply passage for supplying outside air to a bottom of said tank.
A garbage disposal method according to any one of the above.