JP2000283404A - How to use waste fuel - Google Patents

Abstract

(57) [Summary] [Problem] To be able to send waste as a fuel to a power plant, etc., while having excellent handling properties and to prevent the generation of bad smell and decay, and to convert it into a fuel as compared to the production of solid waste fuel In addition, the present invention provides a method of using waste fuel that can reduce the energy and cost required for the waste, is economically advantageous, and can collect high-quality valuable metals and glass contained in the waste. SOLUTION: A waste 1 is crushed by a crusher 2, water is removed by a dryer 3 if necessary, and pyrolysis is performed in a pyrolysis furnace 4 to generate a pyrolysis residue, and char is separated from the pyrolysis residue. After sorting by the sorting device 5, the char is solidified into a solid having a required shape by the solidifying device 22, and the solidified char is transferred by the transfer means 9 and burned as fuel in another facility.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

[0001] The present invention relates to a method for utilizing waste fuel.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Generally, waste such as municipal waste is incinerated. From the viewpoint of effective use of waste as energy, a technique for generating electricity by using waste as fuel for a boiler has been widely used. I have.

[0003]

However, if the waste is burned as fuel for the boiler, the waste contains chlorine and corrodes the heat transfer tubes of the boiler.
The steam conditions (temperature and pressure of steam) cannot be increased so much that efficient power generation cannot be performed. Waste has various shapes and sizes, and its handling is poor.
In particular, for waste such as garbage from general households, it is necessary to consider the odor and decay, and it is difficult to treat the waste generated in a wide area.

[0004] As a solution to these problems, waste is crushed,
Refuse solid fuel (RDF: Ref) which is made by adding calcium and the like, solidifying into a columnar chip of about 10 to 20 [mm] and drying.
Techniques for producing use-derived fuel have been developed, but the production of such refuse solid fuel requires a large amount of energy, is costly, and is not economical.

When waste is burned as fuel for a boiler, high-quality valuable metals contained in the waste are oxidized, and high-quality glasses are melted. Had become.

[0006] In view of such circumstances, the present invention is capable of sending waste to a power plant or the like as fuel while having good handling properties and preventing the generation of offensive odors and decay, and is more effective than the production of solid fuel. The aim is to provide a method of using waste fuel that can reduce the energy and cost required for fuel conversion, is economically advantageous, and can recover high-quality valuable metals and glass contained in waste. is there.

[0007]

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION According to the present invention, waste is crushed and pyrolyzed to generate a pyrolysis residue, and the char is selected from the pyrolysis residue. The present invention relates to a method for utilizing waste fuel, which comprises solidifying, transferring the solidified char, and burning it as fuel in another facility.

In the above-mentioned method of utilizing waste fuel, another facility is used as a power plant, and in a pulverized coal mill of the power plant, the transferred char is pulverized together with coal, and then burnt in a pulverized coal-fired boiler. You can do so.

[0009] In the above-mentioned method of utilizing waste fuel, another facility is a power plant, and in a crusher of the power plant, the transferred char is crushed and then burned in a pulverized coal-fired boiler. Can also.

In the above-mentioned method of utilizing waste fuel, another facility is a power plant, and a fluidized-bed boiler of the power plant includes:
The transferred char may be burned.

In the above-mentioned method of utilizing waste fuel, another facility is used as a power station, and in a dedicated boiler of the power station, the transferred char is burned to generate steam, and the steam is generated in the main boiler. It can also be guided to a steam turbine together with the steam.

In the above-mentioned method of utilizing waste fuel, another facility may be a power plant, and the transferred char may be gasified in a gasifier of the power plant, and the gasified gas may be burned by a boiler. Good.

[0013] In the above-mentioned method of using waste fuel, it is possible to use a separate facility as a cement factory and burn the transferred char in a cement kiln of the cement factory.

In the above-mentioned method of using waste fuel, another facility may be a steelworks, and the transferred char may be burned in a blast furnace of the steelworks.

According to the above means, the following effects can be obtained.

The waste is crushed and pyrolyzed to generate a pyrolysis residue. After the char is separated from the pyrolysis residue, the char is solidified into a solid having a required shape, and the solid is formed. The char is transferred and burned as fuel in another facility.

As a result, since the waste is pyrolyzed into a powdery char and solidified into a solid having a required shape and transferred, the handling property is further improved as compared with the case where the waste remains powdery, and the odor and rot are generated. It can be sent to another facility such as a power plant, a cement factory, or a steel mill without worry.

Further, since the energy required for the thermal decomposition of waste can be obtained by burning the pyrolysis gas generated in the process of thermal decomposition, almost no external energy input is required, and the waste solid fuel ( RDF) requires less energy and costs.

In addition, waste is not directly burned, but pyrolysis residues are generated by pyrolysis at a relatively low temperature. Therefore, valuable waste such as high-quality iron and aluminum contained in the waste is produced. The metal is not oxidized, and the high-quality glasses do not melt, and all of them can be collected and recycled, which also helps to reduce combustion ash.

[0020]

Embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings.

FIG. 1 shows a first embodiment of the present invention, wherein 1 is waste such as garbage, 2 is a crusher for crushing waste 1, and 3 is a crusher crushed by a crusher 2. A dryer 4 for drying and removing moisture from the waste, a pyrolysis furnace 4 for thermally decomposing the dried waste from which the moisture has been removed by the dryer 3, and a char 5 from the pyrolysis residue generated by pyrolysis in the pyrolysis furnace 4. A sorting device for sorting (carbide), 7 is a hot blast stove that guides the generated heating gas to the pyrolysis furnace 4 by burning the pyrolysis gas generated by pyrolysis in the pyrolysis furnace 4 as a fuel, and 8 is a hot blast stove 7 This is an exhaust gas treatment device for treating the heated gas that has been guided to the dryer 3 through the pyrolysis furnace 4 and has been used for drying the crushed waste by the dryer 3. Crushed, dried in dryer 3 to remove water, and pyrolyzed in pyrolysis furnace 4 to generate pyrolysis residue After the char is separated from the pyrolysis residue by the separating device 5, the char is solidified into a solid having a required shape by the solidifying device 22, and the solidified char is transferred by the transfer means 9, and the fuel is separated by another facility. It is made to burn as.

As the pyrolysis furnace 4, for example, an outer cylinder 4
a and a rotary kiln provided with an inner cylinder 4b can be used, and while the dry waste from the dryer 3 is charged into the inner cylinder 4b, the inside of the space between the outer cylinder 4a and the inner cylinder 4b is By introducing the heating gas from the hot blast stove 7, the dried waste is indirectly heated to about 350 to 500 [° C.] by the heating gas and thermally decomposed in a state where the air is shut off.
A pyrolysis residue is produced.

As the sorting device 5, for example, the pyrolysis residue generated in the pyrolysis furnace 4 is screened (sieved), and sorted into metals such as cans and others, and other than metals. A material which is subjected to a wind separator to separate the materials into glass and char by utilizing a difference in specific gravity and a material which is subjected to a magnetic separator to separate the metals into iron and aluminum can be used.

The solidifying device 22 is, for example, an extrusion granulator that solidifies a char into a columnar solid having a diameter of about φ20 to 30 [mm] and a length of about 50 [mm]. Etc. can be used.

The transfer means 9 may be, for example, a truck or a train for loading and transporting the solidified solid, or a solidified solid, depending on the distance between the facility for producing the char and another facility. A conveyor or the like that transports the prepared char can be used.

In the case of the first example shown in FIG. 1, another facility is a power plant, and in a pulverized coal mill 10 of the power plant, the transferred char solids are pulverized together with coal, and then pulverized coal is removed. Combustion is carried out by the boiler 11, and the steam generated by the pulverized coal-fired boiler 11 is guided to a steam turbine 12, and a generator 13 is driven to generate power.

Next, the operation of the illustrated example will be described.

The waste 1 is approximately 150 [m
m] or less, and the crushed waste crushed by the crusher 2 is dried by the dryer 3 to remove water, and the crushed waste is crushed by the dryer 3.
The dried waste from which the moisture has been removed is thermally decomposed in the pyrolysis furnace 4 at a temperature of about 350 to 500 [° C.] to generate a pyrolysis residue and a pyrolysis gas.

Here, the pyrolysis gas generated in the pyrolysis furnace 4 is burned in a hot blast furnace 7, and the heating gas generated by burning in the hot blast furnace 7 is supplied to an outer cylinder 4 a of the pyrolysis furnace 4.
After being used for indirect heating for the thermal decomposition of the dried waste through the space between the inner waste 4b and the inner cylinder 4b, it is guided to the dryer 3, where the moisture of the crushed waste is removed. A portion of the heated gas used for removal and used for removing moisture from the crushed waste is supplied to the hot blast stove 7 and used for combustion of the pyrolysis gas while being circulated. Heated gas other than the above is sent from the dryer 3 to the exhaust gas treatment device 8 and processed.

The pyrolysis residue generated in the pyrolysis furnace 4 is, for example, screened (sieved) in a separation device 5 to be separated into metals such as cans and other metals, and other than metals. Things are put on a wind sorter,
Using the difference in specific gravity, glass and char (particle size
(Several tens [mm]), while the metals are subjected to a magnetic separator to be separated into iron and aluminum.

The char sorted in the sorting device 5 is solidified into a solid having a required shape by a solidifying device 22.
The solidified char is transported by a transport means 9 such as a truck or a train for loading and transporting the solidified char, or a conveyor for transporting the solidified char, and is transferred in a pulverized coal mill 10 of a power plant as another facility. After the solid matter of the char is pulverized together with the coal, the char is burned in the pulverized coal-fired boiler 11, and the steam generated in the pulverized coal-fired boiler 11 is guided to the steam turbine 12, and the generator 13 is driven. Power is generated.

As a result, the waste 1 is made into a powdery char having a particle size of about 1 to several tens [mm] by pyrolysis and further solidified into a solid having a required shape. With better handling,
It can be sent to the power plant without fear of bad smell and rot.

The energy required for the pyrolysis of the waste 1 can be obtained by burning the pyrolysis gas generated in the pyrolysis process. Less energy and less cost than manufacturing (RDF).

Further, since the waste 1 is not directly burned, but generates a pyrolysis residue by pyrolysis at a relatively low temperature, high quality iron, aluminum, etc. contained in the waste 1 can be obtained. The valuable metals are not oxidized, and good-quality glasses are not melted, all of which can be recovered and recycled, which also helps to reduce combustion ash.

In this way, the waste 1 can be sent to the power plant as fuel while having very good handling properties and preventing the generation of bad smell and rot, and the energy required for fuel conversion as compared with the production of solid waste fuel In addition, the cost can be reduced, the economical advantage can be obtained, and high quality valuable metals and glasses contained in the waste 1 can be recovered.

FIG. 2 shows a second embodiment of the present invention. In FIG. 2, the portions denoted by the same reference numerals as those in FIG. 1 represent the same components. As shown in FIG. 2, the feature of the illustrated example is that, as shown in FIG. 2, a power plant as a separate facility is provided with a crushing device 14 separately from the pulverized coal mill 10, and the crushing device 14 is provided. In the above, after pulverizing the solid matter of the transferred char, the pulverized coal-fired boiler 11
The point is that it is made to burn.

In the second example shown in FIG. 2, the solid matter of the transferred char was crushed in the crusher 14 of the power plant as a separate facility in the same manner as in the first example shown in FIG. Thereafter, the steam is burned in the pulverized coal-fired boiler 11 together with the pulverized coal, and the steam generated in the pulverized coal-fired boiler 11 is supplied to the steam turbine 1.
2 and the generator 13 is driven to generate power.

Thus, in the case of the second example shown in FIG. 2, as in the case of the first example shown in FIG. 1, the handleability is very good, and the generation of odors and decay is prevented. 1
Can be sent to a power plant as fuel, and the energy and cost required for fuel conversion can be reduced as compared with the production of solid waste fuel, which is economically advantageous, and the high-quality valuable metal contained in the waste 1 And glass can be recovered.

FIG. 3 shows a third embodiment of the present invention. In FIG. 3, the portions denoted by the same reference numerals as those in FIG. 1 represent the same components, and the basic configuration is shown in FIG. It is the same as that shown, but the feature of this illustrated example is that, as shown in FIG. 3, solid matter of the transferred char is burned in a fluidized bed boiler 15 of a power plant as a separate facility. On the point.

In the third example shown in FIG. 3, as a separate facility, in a fluidized bed boiler 15 of a power plant, a char transferred together with coal and other fuels in the same manner as in the first example shown in FIG. Solid matter is burned, and the steam generated in the fluidized bed boiler 15 is guided to the steam turbine 12,
Is driven to generate power.

Thus, in the case of the third example shown in FIG. 3, as in the case of the first example shown in FIG. 1, the handleability is very good, and the generation of odors and decay is prevented. 1
Can be sent to a power plant as fuel, and the energy and cost required for fuel conversion can be reduced as compared with the production of solid waste fuel, which is economically advantageous, and the high-quality valuable metal contained in the waste 1 And glass can be recovered.

FIG. 4 shows a fourth embodiment of the present invention. In FIG. 4, the portions denoted by the same reference numerals as those in FIG. 1 represent the same components, and the basic configuration is shown in FIG. It is the same as that shown, but the feature of this illustrated example is that, as shown in FIG. 4, a power plant as a separate facility is provided separately from a main boiler 16 that burns coal, oil, gas, or other fuel. A dedicated boiler 17 for char solids is provided. In the dedicated boiler 17, the transferred solids of the char are burned to generate steam, and the steam is generated together with the steam generated by the main boiler 16 in the steam turbine 12. The point is to lead to.

In the fourth example shown in FIG. 4, in the monofiring boiler 17 of the power plant as a separate facility, the solid matter of the transferred char is burned in the same manner as in the first example shown in FIG. The generated steam is guided to the steam turbine 12 together with the steam generated by the main boiler 16, and the generator 13 is driven to generate power.

Thus, in the case of the fourth example shown in FIG. 4, as in the case of the first example shown in FIG. 1, the handleability is very good, and the generation of odors and decay is prevented. 1
Can be sent to the power plant as fuel, and the energy and cost required for fuel conversion can be reduced as compared with the production of solid waste fuel, which is economically advantageous, and the high quality valuable metal contained in the waste 1 And ash can be recovered, and furthermore, waste ash and coal ash can be separated.

FIG. 5 shows a fifth embodiment of the present invention. In FIG. 5, the portions denoted by the same reference numerals as those in FIG. 1 represent the same components, and the basic configuration is shown in FIG. As shown in FIG. 5, the present embodiment is characterized in that, as shown in FIG. 5, a power plant as a separate facility is provided with a charcoal separately from a boiler 18 which burns coal, oil, gas or other fuel. The solidification gasification furnace 19 is provided, and in the gasification furnace 19, the transferred solid matter of the char is gasified, and the gasified gas is burned by the boiler 18.

In the fifth example shown in FIG. 5, in the gasifier 19 of the power plant as a separate facility, the solid matter of the transferred char is gasified in the same manner as in the first example shown in FIG.
The gasified gas is burned in a boiler 18 together with coal, petroleum, gas or other fuel, and the steam generated in the boiler 18 is guided to a steam turbine 12, and a generator 13 is driven to generate power. Done.

Thus, in the case of the fifth example shown in FIG. 5, as in the case of the first example shown in FIG. 1, the handleability is extremely good, and the generation of waste and odors is prevented. 1
Can be sent to the power plant as fuel, and the energy and cost required for fuel conversion can be reduced as compared with the production of solid waste fuel, which is economically advantageous, and the high quality valuable metal contained in the waste 1 And ash can be recovered, and furthermore, waste ash and coal ash can be separated.

FIG. 6 shows a sixth embodiment of the present invention. In FIG. 6, the portions denoted by the same reference numerals as those in FIG. 1 represent the same components, and the basic configuration is shown in FIG. As shown in FIG. 6, the present embodiment is characterized in that, as shown in FIG. 6, a separate facility is a cement factory, and the cement kiln 20 of the cement factory burns the solids of the transferred char. That's the point.

In the sixth example shown in FIG. 6, in a cement kiln 20 of a cement plant as a separate facility, solids transferred from the transferred char are burned in the same manner as in the first example shown in FIG. A certain cement is fired to produce cement as a product.

Thus, in the case of the sixth example shown in FIG. 6, the waste 1 can be sent to the cement plant as fuel while having very good handling properties and preventing the generation of offensive odor and decay. Energy and cost required for fuel conversion can be reduced as compared with the production of solid waste fuel, which is economically advantageous, and high quality valuable metals and glasses contained in the waste 1 can be recovered.

FIG. 7 shows a seventh embodiment of the present invention. In FIG. 7, the parts denoted by the same reference numerals as those in FIG. 1 represent the same parts, and the basic structure is shown in FIG. As shown in FIG. 7, the present embodiment is characterized in that, as shown in FIG. 7, a separate facility is a steelworks, and the transferred char is burned in a blast furnace 21 of the steelworks. It is in the point which was made.

In the seventh example shown in FIG. 7, in the blast furnace 21 of the steel mill as another facility, the solid matter of the transferred char is burned and used as a raw material in the same manner as in the first example shown in FIG. Melting of iron ore is performed to produce iron as a product.

Thus, in the case of the seventh example shown in FIG. 7, the waste 1 can be sent to the steelworks as a fuel while having very good handling properties and preventing the generation of offensive odors and putrefaction. Energy and cost required for fuel conversion can be reduced as compared with the production of solid waste fuel, which is economically advantageous, and high quality valuable metals and glasses contained in the waste 1 can be recovered.

The method of using fuel for waste according to the present invention is not limited to the above-described example, and if the waste does not contain moisture, the removal of moisture by a dryer is not required. It goes without saying that various changes can be made without departing from the spirit of the present invention, such as omission.

[0055]

As described above, according to the method of using waste fuel according to the present invention, the handling efficiency is very good and the generation of bad odors and decay is prevented, while the waste is used as fuel for power plants and cement. It can be sent to factories or steelworks, etc., and the energy and cost required for fuel conversion can be reduced compared to the production of solid waste fuel, which is economically advantageous. An excellent effect that glass can be recovered can be obtained.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is an overall schematic configuration diagram of a first example of an embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is an overall schematic configuration diagram of a second example of an embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 3 is an overall schematic configuration diagram of a third example of an embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 4 is an overall schematic configuration diagram of a fourth embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 5 is an overall schematic configuration diagram of a fifth example of an embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 6 is an overall schematic configuration diagram of a sixth example of an embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 7 is an overall schematic configuration diagram of a seventh embodiment of the present invention.

[Explanation of symbols]

 DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Waste 2 Crusher 3 Dryer 4 Pyrolysis furnace 4a Outer cylinder 4b Inner cylinder 5 Sorting device 7 Hot blast furnace 8 Exhaust gas treatment device 9 Transfer means 10 Pulverized coal mill 11 Pulverized coal fired boiler 12 Steam turbine 13 Generator 14 Crushing Apparatus 15 Fluidized bed boiler 16 Main boiler 17 Fired boiler 18 Boiler 19 Gasifier 20 Cement kiln 21 Blast furnace 22 Solidification device

──────────────────────────────────────────────────続 き Continued on the front page (51) Int.Cl. ⁷ Identification symbol FI Theme coat ゛ (Reference) C21B 5/00 319 F23G 5/027 ZABZ 4K012 F23G 5/027 ZAB B09B 3/00 302E (72) Inventor Nakamura Motoya 3-2-16 Toyosu, Koto-ku, Tokyo Ishikawajima Harima Heavy Industries, Ltd. Toyosu General Office F-term (reference) 3K046 AA02 AA11 AA20 CA02 FA00 FA06 3K061 AA07 AA11 AA24 AB01 AB02 AC01 BA01 EA01 FA10 4D004 AA03 AA46 BA09 CA08 CA24 CA26 CA42 CA45 4H012 HA03 4H015 AA01 AB01 BA06 BA13 BB03 BB06 CA03 CB01 4K012 BE01 BE05

Claims (8)

[Claims] Claims 1. A waste is crushed and pyrolyzed to generate a pyrolysis residue, a char is selected from the pyrolysis residue, the char is solidified into a solid having a required shape, and the solidified char is formed. A method for utilizing waste fuel, comprising transporting fuel and burning it as fuel in another facility. 2. The pulverized coal mill of the power plant, wherein the transferred char is pulverized together with coal and then burned in a pulverized coal-fired boiler. How to use fuel for waste. 3. The waste fuel according to claim 1, wherein a separate facility is a power plant, and the transferred char is crushed in a crushing device of the power plant and then burnt in a pulverized coal-fired boiler. How to Use. 4. The method according to claim 1, wherein a separate facility is a power station, and the transferred char is burned in a fluidized-bed boiler of the power station. 5. A separate facility is defined as a power plant, and in a dedicated boiler of the power plant, the transferred char is burned to generate steam, and the steam is guided to a steam turbine together with the steam generated by the main boiler. The method for utilizing waste fuel according to claim 1. 6. The waste fuel according to claim 1, wherein the separate facility is a power plant, and the transferred char is gasified in a gasifier of the power plant, and the gasified gas is burned by a boiler. How to Use. 7. The method according to claim 1, wherein a separate facility is a cement plant, and the transferred char is burned in a cement kiln of the cement plant. 8. The method according to claim 1, wherein a separate facility is a steelworks, and the transferred char is burned in a blast furnace of the steelworks.