JP2000251108A - Method and device for identifying coin, security or the like - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a method and device for allowing the coin, the security or the like to generate the sound and identifying whether a coin, a security or the like is authentic or false based on sound. SOLUTION: A coin, a paper money or a security is given impact to generate sound. The sound generated by the impact is detected by a microphone in an analogy way. The sound detected as analogy quantity is analyzed so that the most frequency components have a natural frequency owned by the coin, paper money, security or the like by perform Fourier development. The analyzed natural frequency is compared with the natural frequency of the coin, paper money, security or the like, which is previously stored, so that the authenticity/ falsehood of the coin, security or the like can be identified.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a vending machine, AT
The present invention relates to a method for identifying money or securities attached to M, a game machine, a cash register, or the like, or an identification device for these. The present invention also relates to an identification method or an identification device for identifying the authenticity of money or securities in a financial institution, a distribution institution (for example, a department store, a supermarket, a convenience store, etc.), and the like.

[0002] In this specification, "money" refers to gold coins,
Silver coins, white copper coins, copper coins, commemorative coins, bills, etc., and "securities, etc." include bills, checks, freight exchange bills, bills of lading,
Warehouse securities, stock certificates, receivables, gift certificates, mortgage securities, cash vouchers, etc. The “coins” are gold coins, silver coins, white copper coins, copper coins, commemorative coins, and the like in “money”.

[0003]

2. Description of the Related Art A vending machine, an ATM, a game machine, a cash register, or an identification device for identifying money or securities (hereinafter simply referred to as money or the like) in a financial institution, a distribution institution, etc. This is a device that distinguishes fake or genuine securities. In particular, vending machines, game machines, and the like are increasingly tricking change. For example, Japanese 500 yen coins and Korean 500 won coins may be deceived for two reasons, because of their similar outer shape and material, and that Japanese 500 yen coins are more valuable. More and more.

[0004] Conventionally, coins such as those described above are made of coin materials,
It is identified by measuring physical dimensions such as external dimensions, thickness, weight, and irregularities on the periphery or on the front or back surface. In addition, coins are discriminated by authenticity by detecting images or irregular patterns engraved on the front surface or the back surface by optical means such as a CCD camera and analyzing these images. A bill is optically detecting a pattern printed on the bill, and digitally analyzing an image of the bill to distinguish authenticity.

[0005] Further, as another method, utilizing the fact that coins are made of metal, an electromagnetic coil is installed in the vicinity of the coin passage path, and the coin is induced by mutual induction generated when the coin passes. Have been identified. Banknotes are identified using the material of the paper and the chemical properties of the ink used for printing.

[0006]

A discriminating apparatus for discriminating coins by the difference in physical quantity is provided if the coins have exactly the same physical quantity such as the material, external dimensions, thickness, weight, irregularities on the periphery or on the front or back surface. Can be correctly identified. However, it has been difficult to correctly discriminate coins whose physical quantities are close to each other, such as the aforementioned 500 yen coin of Japan and 500 won of Korea.

A discriminating apparatus that optically detects a concave and convex pattern of a coin is susceptible to measurement conditions such as when the coin is old and scratched, or when the coin is very dirty, and the discrimination accuracy is reduced. Having. Therefore, the above-described identification device is configured to correctly correct even if the measurement conditions are poor,
Various correction circuits are devised.

[0008] An identification device using an electric or magnetic method cannot identify different coins made of the same material. In particular, coins of the same material are often large and have large differences in monetary value between a large economy and a developing country. For this reason, the above-described identification device does not employ only one method but uses a plurality of identification means in combination.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION The present invention has been made to solve the above-described problems. A sound is generated for money or securities and the frequency of the sound is analyzed to verify the authenticity of the money or securities. It is an object of the present invention to provide an identification method for identifying and an identification device for identifying them.

[0010]

Means for Solving the Problems (First invention) A method for identifying money or securities, etc. according to the first invention detects a sound generated by hitting money or securities, etc.
It is characterized in that money or securities or the like are specified by the most frequency from the frequencies obtained by Fourier-expanding the frequency components of the detected sound.

(Second Invention) A discriminating device for recognizing money or securities, etc. according to the second invention is provided in the guide means for transporting the inserted coins, and is transported by the guide means. Sound generating means generated by colliding with a coin in the apparatus, sound detecting means for detecting the sound generated by the sound generating means, and a frequency component obtained by Fourier-expanding a frequency component of the sound detected by the sound detecting means. Analyzing means for analyzing the natural frequency of a coin, and comparing the natural frequency analyzed by the analyzing means with the natural frequency stored in the database. The comparing means, and if the eigenfrequency analyzed by the comparing means is the same as the eigenfrequency stored in the database, Coin is composed of the determination means determines that the correct one.

(Third Invention) A discriminating apparatus for authenticating money or securities, etc. according to the third invention comprises a guide means for carrying inserted money or securities, and a guide means for carrying on the guide means. Sound generating means generated by applying an impact to money or securities, etc., sound detecting means for detecting the sound generated by the sound generating means, and a frequency component of the sound detected by the sound detecting means Analysis means to analyze the frequency by Fourier expansion of, and a database of money or securities, etc. that store the correct natural frequency of money or securities in advance, and the natural frequency analyzed by the analysis means, Comparing means for comparing the natural frequencies stored in the database with the natural frequencies analyzed by the comparing means; If the same as 憶 been natural frequency, and a determination means inserted money or securities is determined to be correct.

(Fourth Invention) The identification device for identifying money or securities, etc. of the fourth invention is a device for recognizing physical quantities, recognizing images,
And an AND circuit of the analysis result by the identification device of the second invention or the third invention.

(Fifth invention) The identification device for identifying money or securities, etc. according to the fifth invention is characterized in that when it is judged by the above-mentioned judging means that it is fake, the security device is operated.

[0015]

BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION (First Invention) A first invention is to generate sound on coins, bills, securities, and the like.
Give a blow. The sound generated by the impact is detected in an analog manner by a microphone, for example. The sound detected as an analog quantity is analyzed by Fourier expansion to determine that the most frequency component is the natural frequency of a coin, bill or security. As the analyzed natural frequencies, the natural frequencies of coins, bills, securities, and the like are stored in advance, and by comparing them, authenticity of the money, securities, and the like can be identified.

Coins have unique frequency components that differ depending on their thickness, even if the material is the same. Further, even if coins have the same material and thickness, the natural frequency changes due to the surroundings and the irregularities on the front and back. Banknotes or securities are the raw materials for paper such as Kozo, Mitsumata, etc.
A sound having a natural frequency that differs depending on the quality and quantity of ink is generated. As the frequency component of the sound, authenticity can be identified by storing in advance the proper natural frequency of money or securities, and comparing these by pattern recognition or the like.

(Second invention) In the second invention, a guide means is provided to be conveyed after coins are inserted. The coin conveyed by the guide means generates a sound by colliding with a sound generating means provided on the guide means. For example, installed near the sound generating means,
Sound detection means such as a microphone detects the collision sound generated by the sound generation means. The frequency component of the sound detected by the sound detecting means such as the microphone is Fourier-expanded by the calculating means. The expanded Fourier series is analyzed by the analysis means to determine that the highest frequency is the natural frequency of the coin.

The discriminating apparatus is provided with a coin database that stores the correct coin natural frequency in advance. And the natural frequency analyzed by the analysis means,
The eigenfrequency stored in the database is compared by the comparing means. If the result of the comparison shows that the analyzed natural frequency is the same as the natural frequency stored in the database, the inserted coin is determined to be correct by the determining means. Judgment identifies authenticity.

(Third invention) In the third invention, inserted money or securities are conveyed by guide means. Money or securities transported on the above guide,
During the transportation or when the transportation is stopped, an impact is applied by a sound generating means such as a key stick which can reciprocate. The sound generated by the impact is detected by sound detection means such as a microphone. The sound detected by the sound detecting means is expanded into a Fourier series to analyze a frequency component. The analysis means determines that the most frequent of the frequency components is the natural frequency.

On the other hand, the correct natural frequency of money or securities is stored in the database in advance. The comparing means includes a natural frequency analyzed by the analyzing means,
A comparison is made with a natural frequency stored in the database. The judging means, when judging that the eigenfrequency analyzed by the comparing means is the same as the eigenfrequency stored in the database, identifies the inserted money or securities as being correct. .

(Fourth invention) A fourth invention is to provide a second embodiment of a ready-made identification device that uses physical quantity recognition and image recognition.
An invention or a third invention can be added. That is, adding the second invention or the third invention to the ready-made identification device and evaluating the identification result by the AND circuit means that only the vending machine with a large number of change herons is installed later,
When the change heron runs out, you can replace it with another vending machine.

(Fifth Invention) According to a fifth invention, when the judgment means of the identification device judges that money or securities are fake, for example, it notifies the nearby dealer or the police by radio. If the money or securities are not correct, a security device such as sounding a buzzer or taking a picture can be operated.

[0023]

FIG. 1 is a block diagram for explaining the concept of an embodiment of the present invention. In FIG. 1, an apparatus for identifying money or securities (hereinafter simply referred to as money or the like) includes a conveyance unit 111 that conveys money or the like, a sound generation unit 112 that generates a sound while the money or the like is being conveyed, Sound detection means 113 for detecting the sound generated by the sound generation means 112, sound storage means 114 for temporarily storing the sound detected by the sound detection means 113, and Fourier expansion of the frequency of the stored sound Analyzing means 115 for analyzing
A detecting means 116 for detecting the most frequent frequency as an inherent frequency by the analyzing means 115; a sound database storing means 117 for storing a proper natural frequency such as money in advance; A comparing unit 118 that compares the detected natural frequency with a correct natural frequency stored in the sound database storage unit 117, and determines whether the natural frequencies compared by the comparing unit 118 are the same. And determination means 119.

FIG. 2 is a flow chart for explaining the concept of one embodiment of the present invention. In FIG. 1 and FIG. 2, the money passing through the conveyance means 111 such as money generates a sound by collision or keying (sound generation means 112) (step 211).

The vibration sound generated from the currency being conveyed is collected by, for example, a microphone or the like (sound detecting means 113) (step 212).

The collected vibration sound is taken into an arithmetic circuit (sound storage means 114, sound frequency analysis means 115, natural frequency detection means 116) of the personal computer (step 213).

The arithmetic circuit (sound storage means 114, sound frequency analysis means 115, natural frequency detection means 116)
Analyzes the frequency component of the collected vibration sound by performing Fourier expansion (step 214).

[0028] Analysis of the frequency components, checks if there is f ₁ in the Fourier series which is expanded (Step 2
15).

The detecting means 116 of the natural frequency, the frequency may be f _1, stores the f ₁ to the sound storing means 114 (step 216).

Similarly, the above analysis of the frequency components shows that, for all the expanded Fourier series, f ₂ , f _3.
It is checked whether or not _n exists (step 217).

If the frequency is f ₂ , f ₂ ... F _n is stored in the f _n sound storage means 114 (step 21).
8).

The natural frequency detecting means 116 checks the number of storages of the frequencies f ₁ to f _n (step 21).
9).

Next, the comparing means 118 compares the natural frequency stored in the sound database storing means 117 with the frequency having the largest number of storages by the natural frequency detecting means 116 (step S1). 220, step 22
1, step 222).

The natural frequency detected by the natural frequency detecting means 116 is stored in the sound database storing means 11.
If it is determined that the number is 7, the inserted money is determined to be the correct amount (step 223).

The natural frequency detected by the natural frequency detecting means 116 is stored in the sound database storing means 11.
If it is determined by the determining means 119 that the number is not 7, the inserted money is returned (step 224).

If the judging means 119 judges that the correct money has not been inserted, the judgment means 119 notifies the police or a nearby stall or the like by a radio (not shown) as necessary (step 225).

Further, if the judging means 119 judges that the correct money has not been inserted, it can sound a buzzer (not shown) or take a picture as necessary (step 226, Step 2
27).

FIG. 3 (a) is a diagram for explaining an example of a currency transport means used as one embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view of the transport unit. 3 (a) and 3 (b), the transport unit 31 is provided with a guide 32 for preventing the coin 35 from dropping to an undesired place, and is attached, for example, in an inclined state with respect to a vending machine Have been. In the transport unit 31, the coin 35
The opening 33 is provided in the passage surface of the. In the opening 33, for example, a hard ball 34, such as a pachinko ball, slightly projecting from the coin sliding surface of the transport unit 31 is supported by a spring 36 or the like. Instead of the hard ball 34, a falling coin 35 can be made to collide with a wall to collect the sound.

At the upper part of the hard ball 34, a collision sound is collected.
For example, a microphone 37 is provided. Also,
The microphone 37 is connected to a personal computer 38. Now, from the coin slot not shown, 5
It is assumed that a 00 yen coin 35 is inserted. The coin 35 is
It slides down along the guide 32 of the inclined conveying section 31,
It collides with a hard sphere 34 supported by a spring 36.
This collision sound is taken into an arithmetic circuit in the personal computer 38 and is subjected to arithmetic processing.

FIG. 4 is a view for explaining an example of means for transporting bills or securities used as an embodiment of the present invention. In FIG. 4, the transport unit includes two sets of guide rollers 41, 41 ′, and 4 that transport bills or securities 46 (hereinafter simply referred to as bills, etc.) 46 to a predetermined place.
2, 42 'are provided. In the transport unit,
A keying bar 43 that moves up and down, for example, is installed at the upper part where the bills 46 pass. The above-mentioned tapping stick 43 has a structure in which a driving device 45 can hit a bill or the like 46. The tapping stick 43 is provided with a spring 44 for immediately returning to the original position after the driving device 45 hits a bill 46 or the like.

On the opposite side of the key stick 43 across the bills 46, a microphone 47, for example, for collecting collision sounds, is provided. The microphone 47 is connected to a personal computer 48. Now, it is assumed that a bill 46 is inserted from a bill insertion slot (not shown). The bills 46 are transport rollers 41, 41 ', 4
Tension is applied by 2, 42 ', and a sound is generated by a sudden drop of the keying stick 43. This collision sound is taken into an arithmetic circuit in the personal computer 48 and is subjected to arithmetic processing. In the lower part where the bills 46 are conveyed, a member greatly different from the natural vibration of the bills 46 is installed, and both the bills 46 and the members are hit by the keying bar 43 to collect this sound. In this case, the microphone 47 is installed on the same side as the keypad 43.

FIG. 5 is a diagram for explaining a state in which frequency components are analyzed in one embodiment of the present invention. The frequency shown in FIG. 5 shows a frequency distribution when a frequency of a sound generated by a collision between a 500 yen coin and a hard ball (a pachinko ball supported by a spring) is Fourier-expanded. That is, in FIG. 5, the frequency f _1, many in number, it turns out is f _2, f ₃ small, a natural frequency of the 500 yen coin. Therefore, if the collision sound is Fourier-expanded and the most frequent frequency is compared with the correct natural frequency of the coin in advance, the authenticity can be easily and accurately identified.

FIG. 6 is a diagram for explaining a state in which the natural frequency of a 500-yen coin has been analyzed by a personal computer. In FIG. 6, the waveform of the collision sound is 50
This is the result of inserting a zero yen coin five times, and the wavelengths are all different. As measured, the wavelength was 67 ms minimum to 95 ms maximum. Therefore, even if the 500-yen coins are the same, the analog waveforms differ greatly depending on the degree of collision. However, analysis of the frequency obtained by Fourier-expanding different collision sounds reveals that many frequencies around 8.2 KHz are included, and this is a natural frequency.

FIG. 7 is a diagram for explaining a state in which the natural frequency of the 500 yen Olympic commemorative coin has been analyzed by a personal computer. In FIG. 7, the same 50
This is when the 0 yen Olympic commemorative coin was inserted five times.
The wavelengths are all different. According to actual measurement, the above wavelength is at least 9
Although it is the same Olympic commemorative coin from 1 ms to a maximum of 125 ms, the amplitude of the analog waveform has changed more than the ordinary 500 yen coin. However, when the frequency obtained by Fourier-expanding different collision sounds is analyzed, 8.3 kHz is obtained.
It contains a lot of peripheral frequency components, and it can be seen that this is a natural frequency. Therefore, as a 500 yen coin,
By storing the natural frequencies as 8.2 kHz and 8.3 kHz, a correct coin can be identified.

FIG. 8 is a diagram for explaining a state in which the natural frequency of a 2-mark coin has been analyzed by a personal computer. In FIG. 8, the same two Mark coins are inserted five times, and the wavelengths are all different. By actual measurement,
The wavelength was a minimum of 68 ms to a maximum of 100 ms, and there was a change in the amplitude of the analog waveform even for the same 2 mark coin. However, when the frequency obtained by Fourier-expanding different collision sounds is analyzed, 7.8 KHz to 8.0 KHz is obtained.
It contains a lot of peripheral frequency components, and it can be seen that this is a natural frequency. Therefore, the natural frequency 8.2 KH
A 500 yen coin of z or 8.3 KHz and a 2 mark coin of a natural frequency of 7.8 KHz to 8.0 KHz are:
Can be clearly identified.

FIG. 9 is a diagram for explaining a state in which the natural frequency of a two-franc coin has been analyzed by a personal computer. In FIG. 9, the same two-franc coin is inserted five times and the wavelengths are all different. By actual measurement,
The wavelength was a minimum of 70 ms to a maximum of 121 ms, and the amplitude of the analog waveform was changed even for the same two-franc coin. However, analysis of the frequency obtained by Fourier-expanding different collision sounds reveals that many frequencies around 9.0 KHz are included, and this is a natural frequency.
Therefore, the natural frequency 8.2 KHz or 8.3 KH
The 500 yen coin of z and the 2 mark coin of a natural frequency of 9.0 KHz can be clearly distinguished.

FIG. 10 is a diagram for explaining a state in which the natural frequency of a 500 won coin is analyzed by a personal computer. In FIG. 10, when the same 500 won coin is inserted five times, the wavelengths are all different. According to actual measurement, the wavelength is 71 ms minimum to 99 maximum.
ms and the same 500-won coin, the amplitude of the analog waveform changed. However, an analysis of the frequency obtained by Fourier-expanding the collision sound reveals that it contains many frequency components around 9.0 KHz, which is a natural frequency. Therefore, a 500 yen coin having a natural frequency of 8.2 KHz or 8.3 KHz and a natural frequency of 9.0 KHz
It can be clearly distinguished from the 500-won coin of Hz.

The present embodiment has been described in detail above.
It is not limited to the above embodiment. Various design changes can be made without departing from the present invention described in the appended claims. For example, in the present embodiment, the method for generating the sound, the method for collecting the sound, and the means for transporting money or securities can be replaced by other known or well-known means. Further, the blocks in this embodiment can be replaced with publicly known or publicly known means. Further, when the personal computer used in the present embodiment is incorporated in an actual vending machine, it is used instead of a miniaturized single-function arithmetic circuit such as a CPU.

The method of discriminating authenticity by frequency analysis of an impact sound according to the present invention is not limited to money or securities, such as authenticity of ceramics, ripeness of watermelon or melon, or sugar content. And so on. Since the above-mentioned ceramics have different natural frequencies depending on the properties of the soil, the degree of mixing, the firing temperature, and the like, authenticity can be easily found by applying the method of the present invention.
In the case of fruits, there is a habit of knowing the degree of ripeness or sugar content by tapping with hands, but this is not an objective judgment. However, with the frequency analysis of the present invention, objective judgment can be achieved with a simple device.

[0050]

According to the present invention, currency and securities, etc. are not identified by conventional optical means or physical quantity detection, but are subjected to frequency analysis by Fourier expansion, so that accurate judgment can be made easily. Can be done by a simple device.

According to the present invention, since the identification is performed by the frequency analysis, the identification is not made erroneously with the same material, the same shape, or the degree of dirt or wear on the surface.

According to the present invention, the sound generating section and the sound sensor section need only have simple shapes, and an inexpensive and accurate discriminating apparatus can be obtained.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a block diagram illustrating the concept of an embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a flowchart for explaining the concept of one embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 3A is a view for explaining an example of a currency transport means used as one embodiment of the present invention, and FIG. 3B is a cross-sectional view of the transport means.

FIG. 4 is a diagram for explaining an example of a transport means of bills or securities used as one embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 5 is a diagram for explaining a state in which a frequency component is analyzed in one embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 6 is a diagram illustrating a state in which a natural frequency of a 500-yen coin is analyzed by a personal computer.

FIG. 7 is a diagram for explaining a state in which a natural frequency of a 500 yen Olympic commemorative coin is analyzed by a personal computer.

FIG. 8 is a diagram for explaining a state in which a natural frequency of a 2 mark coin is analyzed by a personal computer.

FIG. 9 is a diagram for explaining a state in which the natural frequency of a two-franc coin is analyzed by a personal computer.

FIG. 10 is a diagram for explaining a state in which a natural frequency of a 500 won coin is analyzed by a personal computer.

[Explanation of symbols]

 111 ... conveying means of money etc. 112 ... sound generating means 113 ... sound detecting means 114 ... sound storing means 115 ... sound frequency analyzing means 116 ... natural frequency detecting means 117 ..Sound database storage means 118... Comparison means 119... Determination means

Claims (5)

[Claims] Claims: 1. A sound generated by hitting money or securities, etc., is detected, and the frequency component of the detected sound is subjected to Fourier expansion to obtain a currency based on the highest frequency among the frequencies obtained. Or a method for identifying money or securities, which is characterized by specifying securities or the like. 2. A guide means for transporting the inserted coin, a sound generating means provided on the guide means, and a sound generated by colliding with the coin being conveyed by the guide means, and the sound generating means. Sound detecting means for detecting the sound generated by the sound detecting means; analyzing means for analyzing the frequency by Fourier-expanding the frequency components of the sound detected by the sound detecting means; and coin data storing in advance the correct natural frequency of the coin. A comparison means for comparing the eigenfrequency analyzed by the analysis means with the eigenfrequency stored in the database; and an eigenfrequency analyzed by the comparison means, Means for determining that the inserted coin is the correct one when the natural frequency is the same as the natural frequency stored in the memory. Identifying apparatus for identifying coins or securities, characterized in Rukoto. 3. Guide means for transporting inserted money or securities, etc., and sound generating means generated by applying an impact to the money or securities transported on said guide means. A sound detecting means for detecting a sound generated by the sound generating means; an analyzing means for analyzing a frequency by Fourier-expanding a frequency component of the sound detected by the sound detecting means; a correct currency or securities in advance; A database of money or securities storing the natural frequency of the natural frequency analyzed by the analyzing means and a natural frequency stored in the database; If the natural frequency analyzed by the comparing means is the same as the natural frequency stored in the database, the inserted money or securities And a determination means for determining that the information is correct, and an identification device for identifying money or securities. 4. An AN of results of physical quantity recognition, image recognition, and analysis by the identification device according to claim 2 or 3.
An identification device for identifying money or securities by a D circuit. 5. The identification device for identifying money or securities, etc. according to claim 2, wherein the security device is operated when the security device is determined to be fake by the determination means.