JP2000213962A - Angle detecting device - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide an angle detecting device inclined with the face of groove sections and wall sections and capable of completely shielding a light beam with the shield sections of a rotor. SOLUTION: This angle detecting device is provided with a rotor 10 formed with groove sections 10a as translucent sections and wall sections 10b as shield sections in turn and a light detector 2 constituted of a light emitting section 20 arranged at a position facing the groove sections 10a and the wall sections 10b on one face side of the rotor 10 and a light receiving section 21 arranged at a position corresponding to the light emitting section 20 on the other face side of the rotor 10. An angle is detected by the number of the translucent sections and shield sections crossing a light beam sent from the light emitting section 20 to the light receiving section 21. The face of the wall sections 10b partitioning the groove sections 10a is inclined against the light beam sent from the light emitting section 20 to the light receiving section 21.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to an angle detecting device, and more particularly, to an angle detecting device mounted on a device for measuring a stress generated on a wheel of an ultra-high-speed rail car such as a bullet train.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, various devices have been proposed as angle detecting devices.
As shown in FIG. 19, the publication discloses an angle detection device mounted on a mobile body such as an automobile and used as a driving device of a tracking antenna for receiving a communication radio wave from an artificial satellite station.

The apparatus 101 includes a circular body 102 having slit-shaped light transmitting portions 104 formed at predetermined equal intervals along the circumference, and a support 103 for rotatably supporting the circular body 102. And a light transmitter 105 and a light receiver 106 that are fixed to the support 103 and detect the displacement of the circular body 102 in the rotation direction by the light transmitting unit 104, and the support 103 rotates with the rotation of the moving body. The relative horizontal displacement between the circular body 102 and the support body 103, which tends to stop due to inertia, is detected as the time difference between the switching of the light emitter 105 and the light receiver 106 from ON to OFF and from OFF to ON. The rotation direction and the rotation angular velocity are calculated.

Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 58-123421 discloses an apparatus for measuring the rotation angle of a rotating element, which moves between a light emitter and a light receiver with the rotation of the rotating element.
0, the light transmission range 111 and the light non-transmission range 1
An apparatus with scanning elements having twelve different widths is disclosed, wherein the light transmissive area 1 of the slit plate 114 is disclosed.
11 is smaller than the width LT of the light non-transmissive range 112, and the width LS of the light transmissive range 111 is about the same as the opening width A of the light entrance 113 of the light receiver. Features. Thereby, the scanning ratio of the target departure signal S becomes P / T = 0.5, and the resolution of the rotation angle can be doubled.

Further, as shown in FIG. 21, the angle detector described in Japanese Utility Model Laid-Open Publication No. Sho 61-155719 uses a collimator and a condenser lens 120 (not shown) to detect the light emitted from the light emitting element of the light projecting section. The beam diameter is reduced to a minimum,
Since the light reaches the surface of the rotary plate 121 fixed to the shaft 122, the light-shielding portion 123 and the light-transmitting portion 124 formed on the rotary plate 121 sequentially repeat light-shielding and light-transmitting to generate a pulse signal to generate a pulse signal. The rotation angle of the rotating plate 121 is detected by the photoelectric conversion performed by the light receiving detection unit after reaching the light receiving unit 125.

In this device, since the condenser lens 120 is provided, light having a sufficiently small beam diameter is projected on the light shielding portion and the light transmitting portion formed at small intervals.
It is small and can detect at high resolution.

[0007]

However, Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No.
In the angle detection device and the like described in Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 0-104022, the slit-shaped translucent portion 104 is processed by slit milling, electric discharge machining, or the like, but the width of the slit-shaped opening by these methods is limited. Therefore, when the number of the light transmitting portions 104 is increased in order to improve the resolution, a portion of the wall 107 which is a light shielding portion becomes narrow, and there is a problem that the light beam from the light projector 105 cannot be completely shielded.

In order to solve this problem, if the light opaque range 112 is widened as in an angle detecting device described in Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 58-123421, the resolution of the rotation angle can be increased. However, there is a problem in that the size of the device is increased by an amount corresponding to the increase in the light opaque range 112.

Further, when a condenser lens 120 is used as in the angle detection device described in Japanese Utility Model Application Laid-Open No. Sho 61-155719, a beam is applied to a light shielding portion and a light transmitting portion formed at small intervals. Although light having a sufficiently small diameter is projected, the size can be reduced. However, there is a problem that the size of the device is increased by the space of the condenser lens 120.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION The present invention has been made in view of the above-mentioned problems in the conventional angle detecting device, and has as its object to provide a small-sized angle detecting device having high resolution.

[0011]

In order to solve the above-mentioned object, according to the present invention, there is provided a rotating body in which grooves as light-transmitting parts and walls as light-shielding parts are alternately formed; A light transmitting unit disposed on one surface side and facing the groove and the wall, and a light transmitting unit disposed on the other surface side of the rotating body and facing the light transmitting unit. A light detector comprising a light receiving portion, wherein the groove portion is defined by an angle detecting device that detects an angle by the number of the groove portion and the wall portion that traverses a light beam traveling from the light transmitting portion to the light receiving portion. The surface of the wall may be inclined with respect to an optical path of a light beam from the light transmitting unit to the light receiving unit.

According to a second aspect of the present invention, there is provided a rotating body in which grooves as light-transmitting portions and walls as light-shielding portions are formed alternately; A light transmitting unit disposed at a position facing the wall portion, and a light detector including a light receiving unit disposed at a position facing the light transmitting unit on the other surface side of the rotating body. An angle detection device that detects an angle by the number of the groove and the wall that traverses a light beam from the light transmitting unit to the light receiving unit,
A mask member having a hole narrower than a width of a light beam from the light transmitting unit to the light receiving unit is provided between the light transmitting unit and the light receiving unit.

Further, the invention according to claim 3 is the invention according to claim 1.
Wherein the surface of the wall defining the groove is inclined with respect to the optical path of the light beam traveling from the light transmitting unit to the light receiving unit. In addition, a mask member having a hole narrower than a width of a light beam directed to the light transmitting unit and the light receiving unit is provided between the light transmitting unit and the light receiving unit.

According to the first aspect of the present invention, the surface of the wall defining the groove is inclined with respect to the optical path of the light beam traveling from the light transmitting unit to the light receiving unit. In comparison with the case where the surface of the wall part to be defined is formed in parallel with the optical path of the light beam from the light transmitting part to the light receiving part, even if the opening width of the groove part is the same, the actual light shielding area is wide. This solves the problem that the light blocking part of the rotating body becomes narrower than the width of the light beam going from the light transmitting part to the light receiving part and the light blocking part cannot completely block the light beam. A detection device is obtained.

According to the second aspect of the present invention, there is provided a mask member having a hole between a light transmitting part and a light receiving part, the hole having a width smaller than the width of a light beam from the light transmitting part to the light receiving part. With this arrangement, the width of the light beam traveling from the light transmitting unit to the light receiving unit is reduced, and the problem that the light blocking unit cannot completely block the light beam is solved. Thus, a small-sized angle detection device with high resolution can be obtained.

Further, according to the third aspect of the present invention, by combining the first aspect of the present invention and the second aspect of the present invention, it is possible to obtain a more compact angle detector having a higher resolution. it can.

[0017]

Next, a specific example of an embodiment of an angle detection device according to the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings. In this embodiment, a case will be described in which the angle detecting device according to the present invention is mounted on a stress measuring device for measuring a stress generated on a wheel of an ultrahigh-speed railcar such as a bullet train.

As shown in FIGS. 1 to 5, this angle detecting device detects the rotation angle of the wheel 33 of an ultrahigh-speed railcar such as a Shinkansen, and is attached to an axle box flange 31a of an axle box 31. A rotating chopper 10 as a rotating body in which grooves as light transmitting portions 10a and walls as light shielding portions 10b are alternately formed; and a light transmitting portion 10a and a light shielding portion on one surface side of the rotating chopper 10. The detector 2 (2A, 2A) includes a light transmitting unit 20 disposed at a position facing the light transmitting unit 20 and a light transmitting unit 21 disposed at a position facing the light transmitting unit 20 on the other surface side of the rotary chopper 10. 2B, 2Z), and the angle is detected by the number of the light transmitting portions 10a and the light shielding portions 10b that traverse the light beam from the light transmitting portion 20 to the light receiving portion 21.

A strain gauge 34 is attached to the wheel 33, and a weak signal from the strain gauge 34 is amplified in the electronic circuit section 11 through a wire 35 passing through the axle 32 and the center of the adapter 4, and The amplified signal is transmitted from the telemeter transmitter 12 to the transmission antenna 13 and further to the reception antenna 14 so that the stress generated in the wheel 33 and the positional relationship between the wheel 33 can be detected.

As shown in FIG. 3, the mounting base 1 is formed with a groove 1a provided concentrically, and the grooves 1a are provided with mounting tables 3A, 3B, 3Z. And mounting base 3
Detectors 2A, 2B, 2Z in which light transmitting unit 20 and light receiving unit 21 are paired are provided in A, 3B, 3Z, respectively. The detector 2Z is attached to the mounting base 3Z, and the detectors 2A, 2B
The position of the light beam is higher.

As shown in FIG. 1, the end surface of the axle 32
The adapter 4 is fixed via the bolt 5 and the washer 6.
The rotating disk 7 is fixed to the adapter 4 via bolts 8 and washers 9.
Rotates with.

A rotary chopper 10 is provided on one side of the rotary disk 7, as shown in FIG. The rotary chopper 10 includes a light-transmitting portion (groove portion) 10a and a light-shielding portion (wall portion) 10b at the end of a cylindrical portion obtained by bending the circumference of a disk into an L-shape, and as shown in FIG. Side 10b 'of 10b
Intersects with a radial straight line 1 passing through the center of the rotary chopper 10 at an angle θ. Then, as shown in FIG. 5, the rotary chopper 10 is connected to the light transmitting units 20 of the detectors 2A, 2B, and 2Z.
It is attached so as to be located between the light receiving unit 21 and the light receiving unit 21.

As shown in FIG. 1, on the other side of the rotary disk 7, a power receiving coil 15 is disposed at a central portion, and a transmitting antenna 13 is disposed around the power receiving coil 15. An electronic circuit unit 11 and a telemeter transmitter 12 are mounted between them.
Further, a cover 17 provided with a feeding coil 16 and a receiving antenna 14 is fixed to the mounting base 1 as shown in FIGS.

Next, the operation of the angle detecting device having the above configuration will be described.

In FIG. 1, when the wheel 33 rotates, the axle 32 also rotates, and accordingly, the rotating disk 7 rotates. Then, as shown in FIG. 3, with respect to the detectors 2A, 2B, 2Z fixed to the mounting bases 3A, 3B, 3Z in the concentric grooves 1a of the mounting base 1, the rotation mounted on one side of the rotating disk 7 is performed. When the translucent portion 10a and the light shielding portion 10b of the chopper 10 cross, n pulse signals are generated.

Here, as shown in FIGS. 15 and 16,
N sets of translucent portions 110 with respect to the diameter of the rotary chopper 110
When the number of the light-shielding portions 110b is relatively small, the width of the wall as the light-shielding portion 110b can be sufficiently ensured, and the width of the light beam from the light-sending portion 20 to the light-receiving portion 21 is smaller than the width W of the light beam. Since the width a of the portion 110b is large, the light beam can be completely blocked by the light blocking portion 110b.

However, as shown in FIGS. 17 and 18,
In order to improve the resolution, the light transmitting part 210a and the light shielding part 21
When the number of 0b is increased, the width a of the wall of the light shielding portion 210b becomes narrow because the groove width processing of the light transmitting portion 210a is limited.
The light beams of the detectors 2A, 2B, 2Z are not completely blocked. That is, the light beams of the detectors 2A, 2B, and 2Z pass through the groove s of the light transmitting portion 210a and are detected by the light receiving portion 21. However, in FIG. 18, W> a, and the light cannot be completely shielded. No signal can be generated.

On the other hand, in the present invention, as shown in FIG. 6, when the light transmitting portion 10a is processed, the side surface 10b 'of the light shielding portion 10b is inclined by an angle θ with respect to the straight line l. As a result, the width of the groove of the light-transmitting portion 10a becomes
S ′ = T / cos with respect to the directions of the B and 2Z light beams
θ−b · tan θ, width a ′ = a + b of the wall of the light shielding unit 10b
Tan θ, a ′ can be made larger than the width of the light beam of the detectors 2A, 2B, 2Z, and the light beam can be completely blocked.

FIG. 8 is a diagram showing a pulse signal detected as described above. By adjusting the positional relationship between the detectors 2A and 2B, the pulses of A and B are shifted by 1/2 phase, and the rotation direction can be detected from the phase difference.
The detector 2Z corresponds to the light transmitting portion 10a having a long groove, and can generate one pulse per rotation to detect the number of rotations.

As shown in FIG. 6, the detecting section of the rotary chopper 10 including the light transmitting section 10a and the light shielding section 10b is the light transmitting section 1a.
By inclining the groove width of 0a by θ with respect to the straight line l,
What cannot be made smaller than the width of T in actual groove processing
Assuming 0a, s ′ = T / cos θ−b · tan θ, and
s ′ can be much smaller than T.

On the other hand, the width of the light shielding portion 10b is a + b · tan
θ, the width is increased by b · tan θ, and the light beam of the detector, which was impossible when θ = 0, can be completely blocked, and a pulse as shown in FIG. 8 can be obtained.

The above contents will be described in more detail using specific numerical values.

In this embodiment, the case where the angle detecting device is mounted on a stress measuring device for measuring a stress generated on a wheel of an ultrahigh speed rail car such as a Shinkansen is described. In consideration of the above, each component is designed as follows.

Outer diameter of the rotary chopper 10: 137 mm Thickness (b) of the rotary chopper 10: 1.4 mm Number of the light transmitting parts 10 a: 600 Number of the light shielding parts 10 b: 600 Width (W) of the light beam of the detector: On the other hand, from the precision of machining, the interval (pitch) between the light transmitting portion 10a and the light shielding portion 10b is 360 ° / 600 = 0.6 ± 0 by dividing the circumference into 600 equal parts. .01
7 ゜.

Here, when the groove is formed in the light transmitting portion 10a,
When cutting with a cutting tool, burrs always occur in the cut portion due to the viscosity of the material. Since the width of the groove is narrow, the burrs are formed in an elongated columnar shape, are easily deformed, and it is very difficult to mechanically remove the burrs. For this reason, it is not necessary to remove the burrs, and if the wire electric discharge machining that can process the groove width is adopted, the light transmitting portion 1
The width s of Oa can be as follows.

S = 0.2 ± 0.02 Accordingly, the width a of the light shielding portion 10b is as follows: a = 137 × π / 600−0.2 = 0.5173 mm, a> W, and the light of the detector It seems that the beam width W can be completely shielded by the width a of the light shielding portion 10b of the rotary chopper 10. However, in consideration of processing tolerance, the interval (pitch) between the light transmitting portion 10a and the light shielding portion 10b = 137 × π / 600 ± sin0.017 ゜ = 0.7173 ± 0.02 mm. Here, since the width s of the groove of the light transmitting portion 10a is s = 0.2 ± 0.02 mm, the maximum value amax of the width of the light shielding portion 10b is: amax = (0.7173 + 0.02) − (0 .2−0.02) = 0.5573, but the minimum value amin of the width of the light shielding portion 10b is as follows: amin = (0.7173−0.02) − (0.2 + 0.02) = 0.4773 As a result, a <W may be satisfied, so that the light beam of the detector cannot be completely blocked, and a correct pulse as shown in FIG. 8 cannot be generated.

In order to solve this problem, in the angle detecting device according to the present invention, as shown in FIG. 6, the grooves are inclined by θ when the grooves are formed in the light transmitting portion 10a.

In FIG. 6, the side surface 10 of the light shielding portion 10b is shown.
Assuming that b ′ is a plane and θ = 5 °, the groove width s = T / cosθ = 0.2 / cos5 ゜ = 0.2008 mm The width s ′ = s−b × tanθ = 0.2008 of the light transmitting portion 10a. −1.4 × tan5 ゜ = 0.0783 mm Width a ′ of light-shielding portion 10 b a = (a + s) −s ′ = 0.7173-0.0783 = 0.6387 mm Here, even if the dimensional tolerance at the time of processing is considered, , Light shielding part 10b
The maximum value a′max of the width of the light-shielding portion 10b is as follows: a′max = (0.7173 + 0.02) − (0.0783-0.02) = 0.6790 mm Is as follows: a′min = (0.7173−0.02) − (0.0783 + 0.02) = 0.5990 mm As shown in FIG. 10, the width a ′ of the light shielding portion 10b is obtained.
> The width W of the light beam, and the angle of the groove of the light transmitting portion 10a is θ
The effect of the present invention can be obtained by inclining only this.
The reflection of the light beam of the detector on the side surface 10b 'of the light-shielding portion 10b due to the inclination of the groove angle of the light-transmitting portion 10a can be eliminated by performing a non-reflection process on the rotary chopper 10.

The pulse obtained as described above and the strain gauge 34 attached to the wheel 33 shown in FIG.
From the electronic circuit unit 11 through the wiring 35
, And the amplified signal is transmitted to the telemeter transmitter 1.
2 is transmitted to the transmitting antenna 13 and further to the receiving antenna 14, whereby the positional relationship between the stress generated in the wheel 33 and the wheel 33 can be detected. The power supply to the electronic circuit unit 11 and the telemeter transmitter 12 is performed by the power supply coil 16 and the power reception coil 15 to form a non-contact type angle detection device.

Next, a second embodiment of the angle detecting device according to the present invention will be described.
An example will be described.

In the present embodiment, as shown in FIG. 11, the inclination of .theta.
As shown in FIG. 12, a mask member 18 having a hole 18a smaller than the diameter of the light beam of the detector is attached between the light transmitting unit 20 and the light receiving unit 21 of the detectors 2A, 2B, and 2Z.
The diameter of the light beam is reduced from W to w. Thus, the light beams from the light transmitting unit 20 to the light receiving unit 21 can be completely blocked in the detectors 2A, 2B, and 2Z.

Further, the third angle detecting device according to the present invention
As an embodiment, as shown in FIG. 13 and FIG.
By combining the embodiment and the second embodiment, it is possible to obtain an even smaller and higher-resolution angle detecting device.

[0043]

As described above, according to the present invention,
To solve the problem that the light blocking part of the rotating body is narrower than the width of the light beam going from the light transmitting part to the light receiving part and the light blocking part cannot completely block the light beam. Can be provided.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a sectional view of a main part showing a first embodiment of an angle detecting device according to the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a side external view of the angle detection device of FIG.

FIG. 3 is a perspective view of a cross section when the angle detection device of FIG. 1 is cut along a line XX.

FIG. 4 is a perspective view of a cross section when the angle detection device of FIG. 1 is cut along a line YY.

5 is a partial perspective view showing a detector of the angle detection device of FIG. 1 and its vicinity.

6 is an enlarged view of a portion A in FIG. 5, (a) is a front view, and (b) is a cross-sectional view taken along line ZZ of (a).

FIG. 7 is an exploded view of a rotary chopper, a detector, and a mount of the angle detection device of FIG.

FIG. 8 is a diagram showing an example of a detection waveform obtained by the angle detection device according to the present invention.

FIG. 9 is an enlarged view showing a state in which light is detected by a detection unit in the first embodiment of the angle detection device according to the present invention.

FIG. 10 is an enlarged view showing a state in which a light beam is shielded by a light shielding unit of a detection unit in the first embodiment of the angle detection device according to the present invention.

FIG. 11 is an enlarged view showing a state where light is detected by a detection unit in a second embodiment of the angle detection device according to the present invention.

FIG. 12 is an enlarged view showing a state in which a light beam is shielded by a light shielding unit of a detection unit in a second embodiment of the angle detection device according to the present invention.

FIG. 13 is an enlarged view showing a state where light is detected by a detection unit in a third embodiment of the angle detection device according to the present invention.

FIG. 14 is an enlarged view showing a state in which a light beam is shielded by a light shielding unit of a detection unit in a third embodiment of the angle detection device according to the present invention.

FIG. 15 is an enlarged view showing a state where light is detected by a conventional detection unit.

FIG. 16 is an enlarged view showing a state where a light beam is shielded by a light shielding unit of a conventional detection unit.

FIG. 17 is an enlarged view showing a state where light is detected by a conventional detection unit.

FIG. 18 is an enlarged view showing a state in which a light beam is shielded by a light shielding unit of a conventional detection unit.

FIG. 19 is a sectional view showing an example of a conventional angle detecting device.

FIG. 20 is a schematic diagram showing the relationship between the opening width of a light entrance and the dimensions of a light transmitting range and a light opaque range of a slit plate in another example of the conventional angle detecting device.

FIG. 21 is a perspective view showing a condensing lens, a rotating plate, and the vicinity thereof in another example of the conventional angle detecting device.

[Explanation of symbols]

 DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Mounting base 2 (2A, 2B, 2Z) detector 3 (3A, 3B, 3Z) mounting base 4 Adapter 5 Bolt 6 Washer 7 Rotating disk 8 Bolt 9 Washer 10 Rotating chopper 10a Light transmitting part 10b Light shielding part 11 Electronic circuit part Reference Signs List 12 Telemeter transmitter 13 Transmitting antenna 14 Receiving antenna 15 Power receiving coil 16 Power feeding coil 17 Cover 18 Mask member 18a Hole 20 Light transmitting unit 21 Light receiving unit 31 Axle box 31a Axle box flange 32 Axle 33 Wheel 34 Strain gauge 35 Wiring

 ──────────────────────────────────────────────────続 き Continued on the front page F term (reference) 2F065 AA39 BB03 BB16 CC12 DD02 DD03 DD04 FF02 FF17 FF18 GG12 HH13 JJ05 JJ15 KK01 LL29 MM04 PP18 PP22 QQ04 UU08 2F103 BA00 BA32 BA37 CA01 CA02 DA02 DA13 EA05 EB24 EB05 GA01

Claims (3)

[Claims] 1. A rotating body in which grooves as light-transmitting parts and walls as light-shielding parts are formed alternately, and at a position on one surface side of the rotating body facing the groove and the wall. A light transmitting unit disposed on the other surface of the rotator, and a light detector including a light receiving unit disposed at a position facing the light transmitting unit, and receiving the light from the light transmitting unit. An angle detection device that detects an angle by the number of the groove and the wall that traverses the light beam heading toward the portion, wherein the surface of the wall that defines the groove is a light beam that travels from the light transmitter to the light receiver. An angle detection device characterized by being inclined with respect to an optical path. 2. A rotating body in which grooves as light-transmitting parts and walls as light-shielding parts are alternately formed, and at a position on one surface side of the rotating body facing the groove and the wall. A light transmitting unit disposed on the other surface of the rotator, and a light detector including a light receiving unit disposed at a position facing the light transmitting unit, and receiving the light from the light transmitting unit. An angle detecting device for detecting an angle based on the number of the groove portions and the wall portions that traverse the light beam heading toward the light transmitting portion, between the light transmitting portion and the light receiving portion, the light beam traveling from the light transmitting portion to the light receiving portion An angle detecting device provided with a mask member having a hole smaller than the width of the angle detecting member. 3. A rotating body in which grooves as light-transmitting parts and walls as light-shielding parts are formed alternately, and at a position on one surface side of the rotating body facing the groove and the wall. A light transmitting unit disposed on the other surface of the rotator, and a light detector including a light receiving unit disposed at a position facing the light transmitting unit, and receiving the light from the light transmitting unit. An angle detection device that detects an angle by the number of the groove and the wall that traverses the light beam heading toward the portion, wherein the surface of the wall that defines the groove is a light beam that travels from the light transmitter to the light receiver. In addition to being inclined with respect to the optical path, a mask member having a hole narrower than the width of the light beam directed to the light transmitting unit and the light receiving unit is provided between the light transmitting unit and the light receiving unit. Angle detecting device.