JP2000163605A - Method for plotting three-dimenisonal form - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To grasp the situation inside a cabin beforehand when pipes are arranged by connecting four points by straight lines to continuously form plural planes in each inter-point sequence on a three-dimensional coordinates system and displaying the three-dimensional form of an object surface. SOLUTION: The three-dimensional coordinate value data (CSV text data) of points a1 to g1 and points a2 to a2 on an inner wall surface 6 are fetched to a CAD system. The point a1 and the point b1 on a beam 4, and the point a2 and the point b2 are connected with straight lines to form a plane A on the image of the CAD system. The point b1 and the point c1, and the point b2 and the point c2 are connected with straight lines to form a plane B in the same manner. After this, planes C to G are formed in the same manner. A plane approximating to the curved surface 6 of an inner wall 1 is formed on the image of the CAD system by these planes A to G. Pipes to be arranged in a cabin 100 are described as a threedimensional piping diagram on a three- dimensional form diagram of the surface 6 while scaling and coordinate system are made to coincide with the scaling and coordinate system of the surface 6.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to an object (particularly, indoor).
And a method for describing the shape of the object in a three-dimensional coordinate system.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, for example, when piping is installed in a cabin, a piping diagram is created independently of a cabin diagram and installed at the site.

[0003]

However, such a method of installing the pipes at the site requires skilled labor, and it is necessary to procure extra materials for the pipes. In addition, the construction took a lot of time and the cost was high.

[0004] It is an object of the present invention to provide a method of drawing a three-dimensional shape, which can grasp the shape of a room in advance when installing a pipe or the like.

[0005]

A reference point is set in a three-dimensional space, a plurality of point sequences each including a predetermined number of points are set on the surface of an object in the three-dimensional space, and the reference point is defined. The three-dimensional coordinate values of all the points constituting the plurality of point sequences are originally calculated by the calculation means, and the calculated three-dimensional coordinate value data of all the points are stored in the storage means. The coordinate value data of any two adjacent points and the coordinate value data of the two points located at the shortest distance from the two points in the point sequence adjacent to the point sequence are called from the storage means, and the three-dimensional CAD is read.
A three-dimensional coordinate system for displaying the surface of the object is provided on a screen of the system, and the four points are connected by a straight line to the three-dimensional coordinate system by the three-dimensional CAD system to connect a plurality of planes between each point sequence. Thus, the three-dimensional shape of the surface of the object is displayed on the screen of the three-dimensional CAD system.

In a CAD drawing or a handwritten drawing on which the surface of an object is displayed, a reference point is set in the CAD drawing or the handwritten drawing, and a plurality of points constituted by a predetermined number of points are displayed on the displayed object. A column is set, and three-dimensional coordinate values of all points constituting the plurality of point sequences are calculated by the calculating means based on the reference point, and the calculated three-dimensional coordinate value data of all points is stored in the storing means. And storing the coordinate value data of any two adjacent points in the plurality of point sequences and the coordinate value data of the two points closest to the two points in the point sequence adjacent to the point sequence. A three-dimensional coordinate system for displaying the surface of the object on the screen of the three-dimensional CAD system is provided by calling from the means, and the four points are connected by a straight line to the three-dimensional coordinate system by the three-dimensional CAD system, and each point sequence is formed. Continuous formation of multiple planes between Rukoto by displaying a three-dimensional shape of the surface of the object on the screen of the CAD system.

[0007] Further, a reference point is set in a room of a building, a plurality of point sequences each including a predetermined number of points are set in the room, and the plurality of point sequences are formed based on the reference points. The three-dimensional coordinate values of all points are calculated by the calculating means, the calculated three-dimensional coordinate value data of all the points are stored in the storage means, and the point sequence is made to correspond to the beam member of the building, and the CAD system When the point sequence is designated on the screen of (1), the beam member arranged at the position of the point sequence is displayed on the screen of the CAD system.

[0008]

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS (First Embodiment of the Invention) FIG.
2 is a perspective view of the cabin 100 partially showing the inner wall 1. As shown in FIG. 1, a cabin 100 has an inner wall 1 made of a steel plate fixed to the inside of U-shaped beams 3 to 5 described later in detail by welding, and an outer wall 2 made of a steel plate outside the beams 3 to 5.
Are fixed by welding.

Although not shown, the inner wall 1 forms one inner wall 6 by integrally fixing a plurality of plates of a suitable size to each other by butt welding.

As shown in FIG. 1, the beam 3 is formed by joining members 3a to 3r made of H-shaped steel in a U-shape and integrally adjoining adjacent members by welding. Beams 4 and 5 are also made of H-shaped steel members 3a to 3r similarly to beam 3, and
It is formed in the shape of a letter. The inner wall 1 forms a U-shaped curved surface (the inner wall surface 6 partially shown in FIG. 1) along the inner portions of the U-shaped beams 3 to 5.

As shown in FIG. 1, the members 3 constituting the beam 3
H-type steel junction of a and 3b (member 3a, 3b) a point on the center line L ₁ of the inner wall 1 in contact with the surface of the point a. Like the members 3b and 3c point b to a point on the center line L ₁ at the junction portion of similarly set point c~g below. The joints of the members 3h to 3r are omitted from the respective joints of the members 3a to 3h because they are line-symmetric with respect to the X axis.

Points a to g (not shown) are set on the center line L ₂ of the beam 4 corresponding to the center line L ₁ of the beam 3 in the same manner as the beam 3. Are drawn so as to pass through, and points a _{1 to} g ₁ are set at positions where these normals and the inner wall surface 6 intersect.

Similarly, normals (not shown) are drawn from the points a to g (not shown) on the center line L ₃ of the beam 5 to the inner wall surface 6, and points at which these normals intersect with the inner wall surface 6 are respectively pointed. a _{2 to} g ₂ . Incidentally, the distance between the point a and the point a ₁ or the point a and the point a ₂ corresponds to the thickness t of the inner wall 1.

As shown in FIG. 6, a laser type distance / angle measuring device 80 is installed in a cabin 100 with a tripod 33 (FIG. 7). As shown in FIG. 7, the distance / angle measuring device 80 is supplied with power from the battery 34 and is connected to the notebook computer 70 via cables 31 and 32.

Cable 32 from distance / angle measuring device 80
Is transmitted to the notebook computer 70, and the angle data measured via the cable 31 is transmitted to the notebook computer 70.

A three-dimensional coordinate system is set in the cabin 100 (for example, a point K1 on the floor 60 in the same plane as the points a2 to g2).
Is referred to as the reference point (0, 0, 0)), measuring the distance L _P and the angle theta _P to each point (point a ₁ to g ₁ and point a ₂ to g ₂₎ from the distance-angle measurement device 80 The measurement results to a notebook computer 7
0 (FIG. 7). Point measured a ₁ to g ₁ and point a ₂
To g ₂ are calculated by the notebook computer 70, and the calculated three-dimensional coordinate values (X, Y, Z)
(Y, Z) is saved (stored) in CSV (Comma Separated Value) format text data.

In order to associate points a _{1 to} g ₁ along the U-shaped beam 4, in addition to the three-dimensional coordinate values, information “4”, which is the sign of the beam, is added to the three-dimensional coordinate values in the CSV text data. Following X, Y, Z, it is given as the fourth parameter.

Similarly, in order to associate points a _{2 to} g ₂ along the beam 5, information “5” which is the sign of the beam is added to the CSV text data as the fourth parameter in addition to the three-dimensional coordinate values. I do.

Before measuring each point, a distance / angle measuring device 80
It is necessary to obtain the three-dimensional coordinate values K ₀ of. Distance and angle three-dimensional coordinates of the measuring device 80 K ₀ is calculated from the point a ₂ to g ₂ and the coordinate values of the reference point K ₁ on the same plane. Using K ₁ as a reference point, the coordinate value of the reference point K ₁ is set as the origin (0, 0, 0), the distance and angle to this reference point are measured, and the distance and angle are measured by the notebook computer 70 (FIG. 7). The three-dimensional coordinate value of the measuring device 80 is calculated.

In FIG. 6, a distance / angle measuring device 80 is arranged on the same plane as a point sequence to which points a ₂ and b ₂ belong, and the distance L _P and the angle θ _P to each point are measured. All are sent to the notebook computer 70 (FIG. 7), and then moved by the distance R in the X-axis direction. This time, the distance / angle measuring device 80 is arranged in the same plane as the point sequence to which the points a ₁ and b ₁ belong. The distance and angle to each point are measured, and the measured data is stored in a notebook computer 70.
Transmit to

The text data stored in the CSV format can be used by various software. Here, a three-dimensional CAD capable of drawing a three-dimensional graphic on an image display device (display device) of a computer.
Use the system.

First, points a _{1 to} g ₁ and point a ₂ on the inner wall surface 6
Three-dimensional coordinate value data of ~g ₂ (CSV text data)
Into the CAD system. The CAD system sets a three-dimensional coordinate system at a predetermined scale on the screen.
The captured three-dimensional coordinate data is displayed as points on the screen. FIG. 2 shows points a ₁ , b ₁ , a ₂ , and b ₂ .

The points a ₁ and b ₁ on the beam 4 and the point a ₂ on the beam 5
And the point b ₂ are connected by a straight line, and the plane A as shown in FIG.
It is formed on the screen of the D system (FIG. 2).

[0024] Similarly, tie points b _1, the point c ₁ and the point b _2, c ₂ by a straight line, to form a plane B. Hereinafter, similarly, planes C to G
To form With these planes A to G, a surface 50 (FIG. 2) approximating the curved inner wall surface 6 of the inner wall 1 is formed on the screen of the CAD system.

A pipe 90 installed in the cabin 100 (FIG. 3)
Is drawn as a conventionally used three-dimensional piping diagram in a three-dimensional shape diagram (FIG. 2) of the inner wall surface 6 by matching the scale and coordinate system with the scale and coordinate system of the inner wall surface 6.

FIG. 1 shows a state in which there is no obstacle on the inner wall surface 6. However, actually, the inner wall surface 6 itself is distorted or some other equipment is installed. It is expected to be.

Therefore, the curved inner wall surface 6
Is drawn on the screen as an aggregate of a plurality of planes at an unobstructed level, and the positional relationship between the planned pipe 90, the inner wall surface 6, and the existing equipment (not shown) is confirmed.

FIG. 1 shows the case of the cabin 100 having the inner wall 1, but the outer wall 2 may be exposed in the cabin 100 simply by welding and fixing the outer wall 2 to the beams 3-5. . In this case, the dimensions of the H-shaped steel employed to form the beams 3 to 5 are reflected in the three-dimensional coordinate system. That is,
Based on the center lines L ₁ and L ₂ , the H-section steels forming the beams 4 and 5 are drawn on the screen of the CAD system.

Since the H-shaped steel is a fixed-form ready-made product, its shape and size can be grasped by measuring only its length. However, points a _{1 to} g ₁ are located at the connecting points of the H-shaped steel connected in a U-shape to form a beam. Since it is set, the distance between the points can be used as the length of the H-section steel. Therefore, it is not necessary to set the parameters for the H-section steel in the above-mentioned CSV text data.

The dimensions of the H-shaped steel used as the beam in the three-dimensional CAD system are taken in advance as a table, and the H-shaped steel is drawn at the positions of the center lines L _{1 to} L ₃ on the screen. After that, the 3D piping diagram created separately was simultaneously drawn and the beam 3
The positional relationship with ５5 etc. is visually checked on the screen.

Although FIG. 1 shows only three beams 3 to 5, the number of beams may be increased or decreased depending on the size of the cabin 100.
Therefore, the number of points to be extracted differs depending on the size of the cabin 100.

In FIG. 1, for the sake of explanation, the inner wall 1 is cut in the middle to illustrate the beams 3 to 5 and the outer wall 2, and only the cut inner wall 1 (inner wall surface 6) has a plane (plane A to A). G) is not formed, but a plane is actually formed over the entire inner wall surface 6.

The above operation is shown in the flowchart of FIG. That is, the data of the pipe shape is created by the conventional method from the flow on the left side of FIG. 4, and the inner wall surface 6 of the cabin 100 according to the present invention (actually approximates the inner wall surface 6) by the flow on the right side of FIG. 2 (FIG. 2), and the pipe and the inner wall surface 6 are simultaneously drawn. (Embodiment of Claim 2)

In the embodiment of the present invention, the points a _{1 to} g ₁
Is calculated directly by measuring the three-dimensional coordinate value of each point using a laser distance / angle measuring device (not shown).
Although the text data is created, if there is a design drawing of the cabin 100, the three-dimensional coordinate values of each point can be obtained from the design drawing.

When the design drawing of the cabin 100 is created by the CAD system, a reference point is set on the drawing, and three-dimensional coordinate values of points corresponding to each point on the inner wall surface 6 in FIG. Ask for. When the design drawing is created in three views (a front view, a side view, and a plan view), a reference point corresponding to each drawing is set. When the design drawing of the cabin 100 is a handwritten drawing, it is read by a scanner to create image data that can be processed by the CAD system.

Some CAD systems can automatically calculate the three-dimensional coordinate value of an arbitrary point when the set reference point is set as the origin. However, a CAD system without such a function is available. for system, X minus one by one auxiliary line coordinates of each point (point a _1, etc.) on the screen or output by the paper surface of the CAD system, Y, Z-axis direction length manually Ask.

For example, an X coordinate value and a Y coordinate value are obtained from a front view, and a Z coordinate value is obtained from a side view and / or a plan view.
Each coordinate data is totaled from each drawing, and these are stored in the storage device (hard disk) of the notebook personal computer 70 (FIG. 7).
Save as V-format text data.

If the three-dimensional coordinate value of each point can be known by any method, the notebook computer 70
The data may be manually input into (FIG. 7) to create CSV text data.

FIG. 5 shows three-dimensional coordinate value data of each point, and the inner wall surface 6 of the cabin 100 is created by the three-dimensional CAD system.
Is a flow chart for depicting the. As shown in FIG. 5, when the three-dimensional coordinate value data of each point is already obtained by some method, the three-dimensional coordinate value data is directly input to the notebook computer 70 (FIG. 2) in the CSV format,
The data measured by the angle measuring device 80 is stored in the notebook computer 7
0 is converted to CSV text data to calculate the three-dimensional coordinate value of each point in CSV format, or the three-dimensional coordinate value of each point is obtained from a CAD drawing or handwritten drawing to create CSV text data, 6 is drawn on the screen of the three-dimensional CAD system.

(Embodiment of the invention of claim 3) In the embodiment of the invention of claim 1, the points a _{1 to} g ₁ along the U-shaped beam 4
Is added to the CSV text data as a parameter, and information “5” is similarly added to the CSV text data to associate points a _{2 to} g ₂ along the beam 5. The fourth parameter “4” or “5” was added as the
When specified on the system, the beam (H-beam) placed at that position is displayed on the screen. That is, the fourth parameter is set as a key for activating each layer on which the beams 3 to 5 are drawn. When this key is designated, it is preferable that a surface 50 (FIG. 2) represented by planes A to G similar to the inner wall surface 6 can be hidden.

Normally, in order to confirm the positional relationship between the inner wall surface 6 and the pipe 90 (FIG. 2), planes A to G similar to the inner wall surface 6 are used.
Although only the surface 50 (FIG. 2) and the pipe 90 typified by are described on the screen, the H-shaped steel members (members 3a to 3r) are drawn, so that the members ( H type steel) can be confirmed.

For the beam 3, for example, two H-beams (member 3a and member 3r) having the same length as the member 3a are used, and beams 4 and 5 having the same shape as the beam 3 are arranged in the cabin 100. Therefore, it is possible to confirm on the screen of the CAD system that a total of six H-beams having the same length as the member 3a are used.

[0043]

According to the first aspect of the present invention, the shape of the inner wall surface 6 and the planned three-dimensional piping diagram can be simultaneously displayed on the screen of the three-dimensional CAD system. It is possible to confirm the positional relationship between the planned pipes and other facilities in the apparatus 100, and when these interfere with each other, it is possible to change the way of the pipes before performing the installation work of the pipes. The work is simplified, the time required for construction is reduced, and costs can be reduced.

According to the second aspect of the present invention, a three-dimensional coordinate value to be processed by a three-dimensional CAD system can be obtained from a drawing created by another CAD system or a handwritten drawing. It is not necessary to perform actual measurement at 80, and this is very effective when actual measurement is not possible, such as when the cabin 100 is newly installed.

According to the third aspect of the present invention, the members 3a to 3r (H-shaped steel) constituting the beams 3 to 5 can be described on the screen of the three-dimensional CAD system.
It is possible to check on the screen how many members of the same length are used, and the labor for procuring the material (H-shaped steel) is reduced.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a perspective view showing the structure of a cabin.

FIG. 2 is a perspective view showing the surface and the piping diagram drawn by the CAD system at the same time.

FIG. 3 is a front view of a pipe.

FIG. 4 is a flowchart for superimposing and drawing a piping diagram and an inner wall diagram of a cabin.

FIG. 5 is a flowchart for depicting an inner wall surface of a cabin according to the present invention.

FIG. 6 is a perspective view showing a state in which the distance / angle measuring device is arranged in the cabin.

FIG. 7 is a schematic diagram showing a connection relationship of devices used for measuring the shape of an object.

[Explanation of symbols]

6 the inner wall 50 surface 70 laptop (computing means and memory _{means) a 1 ~g 1, a 2} ~g 2 points (coordinates) K ₁ reference point

Claims (3)

[Claims] 1. A reference point is set in a three-dimensional space, a plurality of point sequences each including a predetermined number of points are set on a surface of an object in the three-dimensional space, and the plurality of point sequences are set based on the reference point. The three-dimensional coordinate values of all the points constituting the point sequence are calculated by the calculating means, the calculated three-dimensional coordinate value data of all the points are stored in the storage means, and the adjacent arbitrary points in the plurality of point strings are calculated. The coordinate value data of all the two points and the coordinate value data of the two points located at the shortest distance from the two points in the point sequence adjacent to the point sequence are called from the storage means, and are displayed on the screen of the three-dimensional CAD system. Provide a three-dimensional coordinate system that displays the surface of the object,
The surface of the object is displayed on the screen of the three-dimensional CAD system by connecting the four points in a three-dimensional coordinate system with a straight line and continuously forming a plurality of planes between each point sequence by the three-dimensional CAD system. A three-dimensional shape drawing method characterized by displaying a three-dimensional shape. 2. In a CAD drawing or a handwritten drawing on which the surface of an object is displayed, a reference point is set in the CAD drawing or the handwritten drawing, and a plurality of points constituted by a predetermined number of points are displayed on the displayed object. A column is set, and three-dimensional coordinate values of all points constituting the plurality of point sequences are calculated by the calculating means based on the reference point, and the calculated three-dimensional coordinate value data of all points is stored in the storing means. And storing the coordinate value data of any two adjacent points in the plurality of point sequences and the coordinate value data of the two points closest to the two points in the point sequence adjacent to the point sequence. A three-dimensional coordinate system for displaying the surface of the object on a screen of a three-dimensional CAD system, and connecting the four points to the three-dimensional coordinate system with a straight line by the three-dimensional CAD system, and each point sequence. Continuous formation of multiple planes between Displaying the three-dimensional shape of the surface of the object on the screen of the CAD system. 3. A reference point is set in a room of a building, a plurality of point sequences each including a predetermined number of points are set in the room, and the plurality of point sequences are formed based on the reference points. The three-dimensional coordinate values of all points are calculated by the calculating means, the calculated three-dimensional coordinate value data of all the points are stored in the storage means, and the point sequence is made to correspond to the beam member of the building, and the CAD system The three-dimensional shape drawing method, wherein, when the point sequence is designated on the screen of (1), the beam member arranged at the position of the point sequence is displayed on the screen of the CAD system.