JP2000132135A - Display device, driving method for display device, and manufacture of display device - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To improve contrast at a high temperature to maintain high contrast in a broad temperature range by inverting a data signal according to ambient temperature. SOLUTION: In the case of application of an ON waveform, a transmittance gradually falls so that a display darkens as an impressed voltage Vop increases, while the transmittance increases so that the display lightens when the impressed voltage Vop further increases. In the case of application of an OFF waveform, a light state in which the transmittance is high is maintained at first, and finally, the transmittance falls so that the display darkens, as the impressed voltage Vop increases. In an area (b) wherein sufficient contrast is obtained, the ON waveform causes a black display, while the OFF waveform causes a white display. In an area (c) wherein the impressed voltage Vop increases further than in the area (b), sufficient contrast is also obtained though the ON waveform and the OFF waveform respectively invert. This driving method utilizes the area (c) in which the ON waveform and the OFF waveform invert.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a display device in which the influence of ambient temperature is reduced, and a driving method and a manufacturing method of the display device.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art In recent years, liquid crystal display devices have been used in various fields including applications such as AV and OA. In particular,
Low-end products include TN (Twisted-Ne)
magnetic), STN (Super-Twisted-
A passive type liquid crystal display device such as Nematic is mounted, and high-quality products include TFT (Thin-Fil).
3-terminal nonlinear element represented by m-Transistor) or MIM (Metal-Insulator-Me)
tal), a liquid crystal display device of an active matrix drive system using a two-terminal nonlinear element as a switching element is mounted.

In this active matrix driving type liquid crystal display device, a CRT (Cathode-Ray) is used.
-Tube), which has features of color reproducibility, thinness, light weight, and low power consumption, and its use is rapidly expanding. However, TFT as a switching element
In the case where is used, 6 to 8 times or more of a thin film formation step and a photolithography step are required in the manufacturing process,
Cost reduction is the biggest issue.

On the other hand, 2 is used as a switching element.
A liquid crystal display device using a terminal element has a cost advantage over a liquid crystal display device using a TFT, and has a display quality advantage over a passive liquid crystal display device. I have. FIG. 8 shows a configuration of a conventional liquid crystal display device using two-terminal elements. In FIG. 8, reference numeral 1 denotes a display panel unit, as shown in an equivalent circuit diagram of FIG. 9, in which a two-terminal element 5 and a liquid crystal layer 6 are connected in series for each pixel and arranged in a matrix.

The scanning signal line driving circuit section 2 applies a predetermined voltage line-sequentially to the scanning signal lines Ym of the display panel section 1 and generally includes a liquid crystal driving power supply generating circuit (not shown), a shift register, And an analog switch. The data signal line drive circuit unit 3 applies a predetermined voltage according to display to the data signal lines Xn of the display panel unit 1, and generally includes a shift register, a latch circuit, an analog switch, and the like (not shown). It is composed. The control unit 4 sends control signals to the scanning signal line driving circuit 2 and the data signal line driving circuit 3 to display input information.

[0006] Incidentally, a two-terminal element is generally used in FIG.
As shown by the IV (current-voltage) characteristics in FIG. 9A, when the applied voltage is small, the current is small and the equivalent resistance increases, and when the applied voltage increases, the current rapidly increases. In addition, it has a nonlinear characteristic that the equivalent resistance is reduced. Utilizing this characteristic, the pixel is turned on within the selection period assigned to each pixel according to the display state of each pixel.
In order to charge or discharge the liquid crystal layer corresponding to the pixel to turn off the N or OFF, a high voltage is applied to the two-terminal element to lower the resistance of the two-terminal element, and the resistance becomes outside the selection period (hereinafter referred to as a non-selection period) In (2), the voltage applied to the two-terminal element is reduced to maintain the electric charge charged or discharged in the liquid crystal layer, thereby increasing the resistance of the two-terminal element. As described above, in the display device using the two-terminal element, the charge of the liquid crystal layer corresponding to each pixel can be held during the non-selection period, so that the driving with higher duty can be performed as compared with the simple matrix type display device. There is a feature that it is possible.

[0007]

It is known that the display quality, particularly the contrast, of a liquid crystal display device using such a two-terminal element remarkably depends on the ambient temperature. FIG. 11 shows the VC of the liquid crystal display device using the two-terminal element.
The R (voltage-contrast) characteristic is shown.

[0008] In FIG. 11, (a) is a case at normal temperature,
(B) is at a high temperature, and (c) is at a low temperature.
As can be seen from this figure, at a low temperature, the maximum contrast value and a liquid crystal applied voltage necessary for obtaining the maximum contrast value (hereinafter, referred to as a maximum contrast voltage) both increase. It has a characteristic that both the maximum contrast voltages are reduced. Therefore, there is a problem that the maximum contrast value becomes small at high temperatures. In addition, there is a problem that the maximum contrast voltage greatly changes according to the temperature, and it is difficult to adjust an optimum driving voltage for obtaining a sufficient contrast in a wide temperature range.

To solve this problem, Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No.
Some methods of changing the drive voltage according to the ambient temperature, such as those disclosed in JP-A-141493, have been reported (Prior Art Example 1). However, there is a problem that the reduction in contrast at high temperatures cannot be sufficiently prevented only by changing the driving voltage according to the temperature as described above. In addition, since the difference between the maximum contrast voltage at the time of low temperature and the time of high temperature is large, it is difficult to change the voltage. These problems stem from the fact that the switching characteristics of the two-terminal element have temperature dependence. The temperature dependency of the switching characteristic referred to here means that the IV characteristic shifts to FIG. 10B when the ambient temperature increases, and the IV characteristic shifts to FIG. 10C when the ambient temperature decreases. It is to be.

On the other hand, in order to improve the temperature dependence of the switching characteristics of the two-terminal element, materials, processes,
Or study to change the structure is progressing,
Sufficiently wide temperature characteristics have not been obtained for the requirements for a wide operating temperature range. In order to respond to changes in the ambient temperature, a method of using a heater or a cooling device to keep the temperature constant has been considered, but the burden on the system increases, and from the viewpoint of cost and power consumption. Is also disadvantageous.

In order to solve these problems, the applicant of the present invention disclosed in Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 9-258698 the pulse width ratio and the amplitude ratio of the charging and discharging voltages applied to the pixels according to the ambient temperature. A method of changing is disclosed. Here, a method of changing the pulse width ratio of the charging and discharging voltages applied to the pixel according to the ambient temperature will be described (Prior Art 2).

In the conventional example 2, in the configuration shown in FIG. 8, a two-terminal element uses an MIM structure element, a liquid crystal uses a TN liquid crystal, 480 data signal lines, and 32 scanning signal lines.
No liquid crystal display panel is used. FIG. 12 shows a driving waveform of this liquid crystal display device. Here, a scanning signal waveform (hereinafter referred to as COM waveform) and a data signal waveform (hereinafter referred to as SEG)
And a SEG-COM waveform which is a composite waveform thereof. The composite waveform SEG-COM waveform is 2
7 is a voltage waveform applied to both ends of one pixel including a terminal element and a liquid crystal layer. In the driving method of this display device, when the selection period of each pixel is T, this selection period is a writing period (T1) and an erasing period (T2) after the writing period.
And is divided into Note that the COM waveform and SEG
The waveform is designed to prevent the liquid crystal from deteriorating due to DC application.
Inversion is performed for each frame or for each line, so that AC conversion is achieved (not shown).

In this driving method, the COM waveform and the SEG
A waveform as shown in FIG. 12 is applied to the waveform.
Then, as shown in FIG. 12, a first voltage for charging the liquid crystal layer with a certain amount or more of charge during the writing period is applied to the SEG-COM waveform, which is a composite waveform of these, regardless of the display state, as shown in FIG. Then, in the erasing period, a second voltage that does not cancel the charge charged in the liquid crystal layer by the first voltage or a third voltage that cancels the charge is applied depending on the display state. Here, during the erasing period, the second voltage is applied when the pixel is turned on, and the third voltage is applied when the pixel is turned off.

The amplitude ratio between the first voltage and the second voltage is 20 ° C.
At room temperature of ~ 25 ° C, the amplitude of the first voltage is generally +1
In this case, good contrast can be obtained by setting the second voltage to about +1 to -0.5. The amplitude ratio of the first voltage to the third voltage is approximately −0.5 to −0.9 when the amplitude of the first voltage is approximately +1 at room temperature of 20 ° C. to 25 ° C. A good contrast can be obtained by setting the degree to about.

Further, in the conventional example 2, the ratio of the pulse width of the voltage waveform applied during the writing period to the pulse width of the voltage waveform applied during the erasing period is determined according to the temperature detected by the temperature detecting means. And change it. As a method of changing, the pulse width of the voltage applied during the writing period is fixed and only the pulse width of the voltage applied during the erasing period is changed. There are three ways: changing only the pulse width of the voltage applied during the period, and changing both the timing of the pulse width of the voltage applied during the writing period and the timing of the pulse width of the voltage applied during the erasing period. Here, an example in which both pulse widths are changed is shown. As the temperature detecting means, for example, a thermistor or the like may be used.

FIG. 12A shows a COM waveform when the ambient temperature is determined to be low by the temperature detecting means.
It is a figure showing an EG waveform and a SEG-COM waveform. In the second conventional example, when the ambient temperature becomes 5 ° C. or less, the temperature is determined to be low by the temperature detecting means. As can be seen from this figure, when it is determined that the ambient temperature has become low, the pulse width during the erasing period is increased. As a result, it was possible to prevent an increase in the maximum contrast voltage. FIG. 13A shows a voltage-contrast characteristic at room temperature with a conventional waveform without correction, a voltage-contrast characteristic at low temperature with a conventional waveform without correction,
Voltage at low temperature in the driving waveform shown in FIG.
3 shows contrast characteristics. From this figure, it can be seen that the maximum contrast voltage at the time of low temperature is small and is close to that at normal temperature.

FIG. 12 (b) shows a COM waveform when the ambient temperature is determined to be high by the temperature detecting means.
It is a figure showing an EG waveform and a SEG-COM waveform. In the second conventional example, when the ambient temperature becomes 45 ° C. or higher, the temperature is determined to be high by the temperature detecting means. As can be seen from this figure, when it is determined that the ambient temperature has become high, the pulse width in the erasing period is reduced.

FIG. 13 (b) shows the voltage-contrast characteristics at room temperature with the conventional waveform without correction, the voltage-contrast characteristics at high temperature with the conventional waveform without correction, and FIG.
FIG. 9 shows voltage-contrast characteristics with the driving waveform shown in FIG. From this figure, it can be seen that the maximum contrast value at the time of high temperature increases and the maximum contrast voltage increases, which is close to that at normal temperature.

Although the above description has been given of an example in which the selection period is divided into a writing period and an erasing period, the writing period and the erasing period are repeated during one selection period, or the selection period is divided into three including the pause period. The above is also possible.

Next, a method for changing the amplitude ratio of the charging and discharging voltages applied to the pixels according to the ambient temperature will be described (prior art 3). The driving waveform in this case is shown in FIG.
It is shown in FIG. Here, only the SEG-COM waveform which is a composite waveform of the COM waveform and the SEG waveform is shown. Conventional example 3
In, the amplitude of the voltage applied during the writing period,
The ratio of the voltage applied during the erasing period to the amplitude is changed according to the temperature detected by the temperature detecting means.

FIG. 14A shows the SEG-COM when the ambient temperature is determined to be low by the temperature detecting means.
It is a figure showing a waveform. As can be seen from this figure, when it is determined that the ambient temperature has become low, the ratio of the amplitude of the voltage applied during the erasing period is increased. At this time, when the display state is ON, the first voltage is applied during the erasing period and the second voltage is applied during the writing period. When the amplitude of the first voltage is +1, the amplitude of the second voltage is +1. ~-
It may be set to 0.6. The voltage-contrast characteristics at this time were almost the same as those shown in FIG. From this figure, it can be seen that the maximum contrast voltage at low temperatures is small.

FIG. 14B shows the SEG-COM when the ambient temperature has been determined to be high by the temperature detecting means.
It is a figure showing a waveform. As can be seen from this figure, when it is determined that the ambient temperature has become high, the ratio of the amplitude of the voltage applied during the erase period is reduced. At this time, when the display state is ON, the first voltage is applied during the erasing period and the second voltage is applied during the writing period. When the amplitude of the first voltage is +1, the amplitude of the second voltage is +1. ~-
0.4 may be set. The voltage-contrast characteristics at this time were almost the same as those shown in FIG. From this figure, it can be seen that the maximum contrast value at the time of high temperature increases and the maximum contrast voltage also increases.

Therefore, a high contrast can be obtained in a wide temperature range. In the above description, an example in which the selection period is divided into a writing period and an erasing period has been described. However, the writing period and the erasing period are repeated during one selection period.
It is also possible to divide it into three or more including a rest period.
However, even when using the methods of Conventional Example 2 and Conventional Example 3, the contrast at high temperatures is improved,
It was not sufficient to maintain high contrast over a wider temperature range.

The present invention solves such problems of the prior art. In a display device using a non-linear element, by correcting the temperature characteristic of the element, the contrast particularly at high temperatures is improved, and a wide temperature range is improved. It is an object of the present invention to provide a display device capable of maintaining high contrast by using the same, and a driving method and a manufacturing method of the display device.

[0025]

A method of driving a display device according to the present invention comprises a plurality of data signal lines, a plurality of scanning signal lines orthogonal to the plurality of data signal lines, and a series connection between each data signal line and each scanning signal line. Comprising a connected nonlinear element and a pixel formed of a matrix display element, after once charging the pixel with the charge, discharging the charge according to the display state of the pixel,
Alternatively, in the method for driving a display device in which an image is displayed by turning on the pixel or turning off the pixel by charging the pixel according to the display state of the pixel after discharging the pixel once, , The data signal is inverted, thereby achieving the above object.

Further, the method of driving a display device according to the present invention includes a plurality of data signal lines, a plurality of scanning signal lines orthogonal thereto, and a non-linear element connected in series between each data signal line and each scanning signal line. And, comprising a pixel consisting of a matrix display element, after charging the pixel once, discharging the charge according to the display state of the pixel, or after discharging the pixel once, The pixel is turned on by charging the electric charge according to the display state of the pixel.
In a driving method of a display device for displaying an image in an OFF state or an OFF state, a pulse width ratio of a charging voltage and a discharging voltage applied to the pixel is changed according to an ambient temperature, and a data signal is changed. The inversion is performed so that the above object is achieved.

Preferably, said pixels are selected line-sequentially,
The selection period of the pixel includes a writing period in which a first voltage for charging a predetermined amount or more of charge is applied, and a charge that is charged in the writing period, the writing period when the selected pixel is turned on. A second voltage that does not cancel the charge charged during the period, and the selected pixel
When the FF state is set, the pulse width ratio between the writing period and the erasing period is divided into an erasing period in which a third voltage is applied which substantially cancels out the charge charged in the writing period, and a pulse width ratio between the erasing period and the When the temperature becomes low, the pulse width ratio in the erasing period is increased, and when the ambient temperature becomes high, the pulse width ratio in the erasing period is reduced and the data signal is inverted.

Further, the driving method of the display device according to the present invention is characterized in that a plurality of data signal lines, a plurality of scanning signal lines orthogonal to the plurality of data signal lines, and a non-linear element connected in series between each data signal line and each scanning signal line. And, comprising a pixel consisting of a matrix display element, after charging the pixel once, discharging the charge according to the display state of the pixel, or after discharging the pixel once, The pixel is turned on by charging the electric charge according to the display state of the pixel.
In a driving method of a display device for displaying an image in a state or an OFF state, an amplitude ratio of a charging voltage and a discharging voltage applied to the pixel is changed according to an ambient temperature,
In addition, the data signal is inverted, thereby achieving the above object.

Preferably, said pixels are selected line-sequentially,
The selection period of the pixel is divided into a writing period in which a first voltage for charging a predetermined amount or more of charge is applied, and a charge charged in the writing period, when the selected pixel is turned on, in the writing period. The second voltage that does not cancel the charged charge is divided into an erasing period that applies a third voltage that substantially cancels the charged charge during the writing period when the selected pixel is turned off. Accordingly, the amplitude ratio of the voltage applied during the writing period and the erasing period is increased, the amplitude ratio of the voltage applied during the erasing period is increased when the ambient temperature is low, and the amplitude ratio is high when the ambient temperature is high. The configuration is such that the amplitude ratio of the voltage applied during the erase period is reduced and the data signal is inverted.

Further, in the method of driving a display device according to the present invention, a plurality of signal electrode lines, a plurality of scanning electrode lines intersecting the signal electrode lines, and a pair of signal electrode lines and a scanning electrode line are provided. In a display device including a display element and a non-linear element connected in series, the scan electrode line is sequentially selected for each selection period, and the display element connected to the selected scan electrode line is turned on or off. A driving method for driving a display element by applying a voltage between the scanning electrode line and a pair of signal electrode lines, wherein the selection period includes a first period, a second period, and a third period. The display element is charged with a voltage equal to or higher than a predetermined value through the nonlinear element during the first period, and the display period is set according to the display period during the second period following the first period. The display element was charged in the first period when the element was turned on. While applying a voltage of a level that does not cancel the electric voltage, a voltage of a level that cancels the charge voltage when the display element is turned off is applied, and the display element is turned on in the third period following the second period. While applying, while applying the voltage which becomes the selection level with the polarity opposite to the first period,
In a driving method of a display device for applying a voltage of the same polarity as the first period and at a non-selection level when the display element is turned off, a synthesis period of the first period and the second period according to an ambient temperature; The amplitude ratio of the voltage with respect to the third period is increased when the ambient temperature is low, and is increased during the third period when the ambient temperature is high. The amplitude ratio of the voltage is reduced and the data signal is inverted, thereby achieving the above object.

Preferably, the amplitude ratio is changed by changing the modulation voltage.

Preferably, any one of a liquid crystal driving voltage, an ambient temperature, a luminance of a display screen, and a modulation voltage is used.
The data signal is inverted using a data signal inversion circuit having a comparison circuit based on the data signal.

Preferably, a two-terminal element is used as the nonlinear element.

Preferably, the display element using the two-terminal element is turned on with respect to transmittance or reflectance with respect to a voltage applied to the display element within an ambient temperature range to be used.
Applied voltage having a region where display and OFF display are inverted-
It has transmittance characteristics or applied voltage-reflectance characteristics.

Preferably, at least one of a pulse width ratio and an amplitude ratio in a selection period of a voltage waveform applied to the display element in a selection period and a pulse width and an amplitude in a non-selection period are changed to change transmittance or ON and OFF for reflectivity
A structure in which the display is inverted is formed.

Further, the display device of the present invention comprises a plurality of data signal lines, a plurality of scanning signal lines orthogonal thereto, a non-linear element connected in series between each data signal line and each scanning signal line, and a matrix. Comprising a pixel having a shape of a display element,
After charging the pixel once, discharging the charge according to the display state of the pixel, or, after discharging the pixel once, charging the charge according to the display state of the pixel A display device that displays an image by turning the pixel on or off,
The display element has an applied voltage-transmittance characteristic or an applied voltage-reflectance characteristic having a region where the ON display and the OFF display are inverted with respect to the applied voltage with respect to the transmittance or the reflectance. The data signal inverting means for inverting the data signal is used to perform display using the inversion area, thereby achieving the above object.

In particular, when used in a device used in a high-temperature environment such as a vehicle-mounted device or a projector, display is performed using only the inverted area.

Preferably, there is provided means for changing a pulse width ratio or an amplitude ratio of a charging voltage and a discharging voltage applied to the pixel according to an ambient temperature.

The display device of the present invention comprises a plurality of data signal lines, a plurality of scanning signal lines orthogonal thereto, a non-linear element connected in series between each data signal line and each scanning signal line, and a matrix. Comprising a pixel having a shape of a display element,
After charging the pixel once, discharging the charge according to the display state of the pixel, or, after discharging the pixel once, charging the charge according to the display state of the pixel A display device that displays an image by turning the pixel on or off,
In the case of using a display element having an applied voltage-transmittance characteristic or an applied voltage-reflectance characteristic having a region where the ON display and the OFF display are inverted with respect to the transmittance or the reflectance, the inverted region where the applied voltage is higher is When the transmittance or the reflectance is higher than the non-inversion region where the applied voltage is low, a normally white mode is set. The inversion region where the applied voltage is higher is higher in transmittance or reflectance than the non-inversion region where the applied voltage is lower. Is low, the normally black mode is set, thereby achieving the above object.

Further, the method of manufacturing a display device according to the present invention is characterized in that the applied voltage-transmittance characteristic or applied voltage having a region where the ON display and the OFF display are inverted with respect to the transmittance or the reflectance.
Determine the current-voltage characteristics of the display element having a reflectance characteristic, the thickness of the insulating layer, the film forming temperature, it is formed by changing any of the manufacturing process of the element size,
Thereby, the above object is achieved.

The operation of the present invention will be described below.
According to the above configuration, the display element has an applied voltage-transmittance characteristic or an applied voltage-reflectance characteristic having a region where the ON display and the OFF display are inverted with respect to the applied voltage for the transmittance or the reflectance. In such a case, the charge of the pixel of the display device is once charged, and then the charge is discharged according to the display state of the pixel, or the charge of the pixel is discharged once, and then charged according to the display state of the pixel. By driving the pixel to an ON state or an OFF state to display an image by doing so, depending on the ambient temperature, a method of inverting the data signal, or depending on the ambient temperature, charging and applying to the pixel A method of changing the pulse width ratio or the amplitude ratio of the discharge voltage and inverting the data signal is employed. Therefore, by using not only the non-inversion region but also the inversion region, it is possible to correct the temperature dependency of the nonlinear element.

Accordingly, the maximum contrast voltage at low temperatures can be reduced and the maximum contrast value and maximum contrast voltage at high temperatures can be increased, so that the voltage-contrast characteristics at low and high temperatures are close to those at normal temperature. This makes it possible to obtain high contrast over a wide temperature range with one applied voltage. In addition, since the non-linear element and the display element both use the vicinity of the saturation region of the characteristic, variation in the in-plane contrast of the display pixel is reduced. In addition, since a high driving voltage is applied, the response speed is increased.

In the applied voltage-transmittance characteristic or the applied voltage-reflectance characteristic, when the applied voltage is higher, the inversion region has a higher transmittance or reflectance than the non-inversion region where the applied voltage is lower. Set as white mode,
When the transmittance or the reflectance is lower in the inversion region where the applied voltage is higher than in the non-inversion region where the applied voltage is lower, higher contrast can be obtained by setting the mode to the normally black mode.

Further, according to the method of manufacturing the display device of the present invention, the display device has an applied voltage-transmittance characteristic or an applied voltage-reflectance characteristic having a region where the ON display and the OFF display are inverted with respect to the transmittance or the reflectance. The current-voltage characteristics of the display element
Desired characteristics can be obtained by changing any one of the manufacturing steps of the insulating layer thickness, the film forming temperature, and the element size.

[0045]

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS First, the basic principle of the present invention will be described. FIG. 1 shows VT (voltage-transmittance) characteristics at a certain ambient temperature for a display device using the driving method according to the present invention. As shown in FIG. 1, as the applied voltage Vop increases, the transmittance T gradually decreases and darkens when an ON waveform represented by a solid line is applied.
When the applied voltage Vop is further increased, the transmittance T increases and the image becomes brighter. On the other hand, when the OFF waveform represented by the broken line is applied, as the applied voltage Vop is increased, the transmittance T is kept high and a bright state is maintained, and then the transmittance T is reduced and becomes darker. That is, the region b shown in FIG. 1 is a region where a sufficient contrast can be obtained, and the ON waveform shows black display and the OFF waveform shows white display.

It should be noted that the ON waveform and the OFF waveform are also inverted in the region c where the applied voltage Vop is further increased from the region b, but a sufficient contrast is obtained. . Therefore, the display device and the driving method of the present invention focus on using the region c where the ON waveform and the OFF waveform are inverted.

It is difficult to improve the temperature dependence of the switching characteristics of the nonlinear element, that is, it is difficult to reduce the change in the characteristics due to temperature. It is possible by changing. Further, it is possible to shift a characteristic change due to temperature by changing a waveform applied to a display pixel in which a nonlinear element and a display element are connected in series.

More specifically, in the normally white display shown in FIG. 1, the VT (voltage-transmittance) characteristic of the display device at a certain ambient temperature is represented by a waveform (solid line) applied to the pixel shown in FIG. And the waveform applied to the display element (dashed line)
Is applied, and the regions a, b,
And area c correspond to (a), (b), and (c) in FIG. 2, respectively. First, when the applied voltage Vop is increased from 0 V, in the area a, the waveform to the display element in the ON waveform increases in the effective value and the transmittance decreases. Since the waveform to the display element has a low effective value, there is no change in transmittance.

When the applied voltage Vop is further increased, the region becomes the region b. When the ON waveform is applied, the transmittance is sufficiently lowered and stable, and in the OFF waveform, the transmittance slightly decreases. After the observation, the transmittance increases, and when the applied voltage Vop is further increased, the transmittance starts to decrease. This is because when the applied voltage Vop increases when the OFF waveform shown in FIG. 2B is applied, the effective value of the waveform applied to the display element slightly increases due to the pulse at the preceding stage, but the waveform at the subsequent stage increases. This is because the effective value increased by the pulse is reduced, and when the applied voltage Vop is further increased, the effective value is increased in the opposite polarity by the subsequent pulse. That is, the area b
Is an area where a sufficient contrast can be obtained, and the ON waveform shows black display and the OFF waveform shows white display.

When the applied voltage Vop is further increased, the area c is set, and the transmittance in the ON waveform increases, and the transmittance in the OFF waveform decreases. That is, although the characteristics are opposite to those of the region b, a sufficient contrast is obtained.
It can be seen from FIG. This is because the waveform applied to the display element shown in FIG. 2C shows that the influence of the pulse at the subsequent stage increases, and the effective value is low for the ON waveform and high for the OFF waveform. is there.

Each waveform shown in FIG. 3 shows the VT characteristics when the ambient temperature is changed using a nonlinear element having a certain characteristic and when the pulse width ratio is changed. According to this, it can be seen that by changing the ambient temperature and the pulse width ratio of the applied waveform, the Vop width and the contrast in the regions corresponding to the regions a, b, and c in FIG. 1 change. Note that, besides the pulse width of the applied waveform, the respective characteristics can also be changed by changing the amplitude ratio of the applied waveform and the characteristics of the nonlinear element.

Table 1 shows the change parameters in this case.

[0053]

[Table 1]

As can be seen from Table 1, the ambient temperature,
By changing the level of each parameter of the pulse width ratio, the amplitude ratio, and the nonlinear element characteristic, as shown in FIG.
It can be seen that the width of Vop of the region a, the region b, and the region c in FIG. Therefore, the display device and the method of driving the same of the present invention focus on using the region c where the ON waveform and the OFF waveform are inverted in addition to the region b, thereby improving the contrast particularly at high temperatures and widening the temperature. It is possible to maintain high contrast in the range.

Next, embodiments of the present invention will be specifically described with reference to the drawings. (Embodiment 1) The present invention can be applied to the configuration of a liquid crystal display device using two-terminal elements shown in FIGS. This liquid crystal display device, as shown in FIGS.
A plurality of data signal lines X1, X2, X3,.
A plurality of scanning signal lines Y1, Y2, Y3,.
..Ym and a non-linear element 5 which is a two-terminal element connected in series between each data signal line Xn and each scanning signal line Ym;
Pixels formed of a matrix display element composed of the non-linear element 5 and the liquid crystal layer 6 are provided. In this liquid crystal display device, the scanning signal line driving circuit 2 and the data signal line driving circuit 3 are controlled by a control signal from the control unit 4,
By charging the pixels of the display panel 1 once and then discharging the charges according to the display state of the pixels, or by discharging the pixels once and then charging the charges according to the display state of the pixels An image is displayed by turning the pixels on or off.

Specifically, the control signal from the control unit 4 is
The horizontal synchronization signal LP and the reference clock signal C shown in FIG.
LK, data enable signal ENAB, data signal D0
To D7, a scan start signal S, and each scan line Y1,
Vcom is applied to Y2, Y3,... Ym.

Here, the horizontal synchronization signal LP shown in FIGS. 4A and 4F is a latch pulse, and data is latched at the rising edge. The reference clock signal CLK shown in FIG. 4B is a basic unit of operation. The data enable signal ENAB shown in FIG.
The w indicates a non-display period, and the High indicates a display period. FIG.
The data signals D0 to D7 shown in (d) and (g) transmit arbitrary data according to the display screen. Here, an example of 8-bit parallel is shown. The scanning start signal S shown in FIG. 4E determines the start timing of one frame. FIG.
LP1 shown in (h) and LP2 shown in FIG.
Each is a pulse for determining a pulse width ratio. The waveform shown in FIG. 4 (j) shows a combined waveform applied to one pixel and the nonlinear element at the intersection of the X line and the Y line, with a solid line representing an ON waveform and a broken line representing an OFF waveform. .

In the first embodiment, the pulse width ratio of the charging and discharging voltages applied to the pixel is changed according to the ambient temperature, and the data signal is inverted. FIG. 4 shows a waveform when the pulse width ratio is set to T1: T2: T3 = 0.5: 1: 1. However, the pulse width ratio can be switched by switching the timing of LP1 and LP2. it can.

Specifically, as shown in FIG. 5, by selecting a pulse width division ratio selection signal (SEP signal), LP
1, the timing of LP2 is selected, and the pulse width ratio is switched. The SEP signal is obtained by, for example, A / D converting an output from a temperature sensor or the like, and becomes “H” when the ambient temperature is higher than a predetermined reference temperature, and becomes “L” when the ambient temperature is lower. Here, an example is shown in which one row selection period is divided into three, and if a first division period, a second division period, and a third division period are sequentially performed, the first division period becomes the writing period, and the second division period And the third divided period is an erasing period or a combination of the erasing period and the idle period.

When one row selection period is divided into three, the timing generation circuit generates a signal indicating the boundary between the first division period and the second division period and a signal indicating the boundary between the second division period and the third division period. Are generated, the former is LP1, and the latter is LP2. Here, as shown in FIG. 5, a case where the number of reference clocks in one horizontal period is set to 800 is shown.
When the SEP signal is “L” based on the reference clock signal CLK and the horizontal synchronization signal LP, the first divided period T
a1, the second divided period Ta2, and the third divided period Ta3 are set to “1: 1: 1”, and when the SEP signal is “H”, the first divided period Tb1 and the second divided period T3 are set to “1”.
b2 and the division ratio of the third division period Tb3 are “2: 1:
1 ".

The SEP signal has 4 types of 2 bits, and 3 types.
Although a large number of pulse width ratios can be set by using a plurality of signals of bits or more, here, for simplicity of explanation, an example in which two types of pulse width ratios are switched by a 1-bit SEP signal will be described. Is shown.

When the SEP signal shown in FIG. 5A is "L", the one horizontal period reference clock counter becomes 0 at the rise of the horizontal synchronization signal LP. (1 horizontal period reference clock number / sum of pulse width ratio) is set in another counter,
The remainder of the division is stored in the memory. In this case, {800 / (1 + 1 + 1)} = 266 remainder 2. After counting the remainder 2 stored in this memory,
266 are counted, and LP1 is output. Then 26
6 is further counted, LP2 is output, and the reference clock counter for one horizontal period becomes 0 at the next rise of the horizontal synchronization signal LP, and the output of LP1 and LP2 is repeated.

When the SEP signal shown in FIG. 5B is "H", the one horizontal period reference clock counter becomes 0 at the rise of the horizontal synchronization signal LP. (1 horizontal period reference clock number / sum of pulse width ratio) is set in another counter,
The remainder of the division is stored in the memory. In this case, {800 / (2 + 1 + 1)} = 200 remainder 0. After counting the remainder 0 stored in this memory,
200 is counted twice, and LP1 is output. Thereafter, 200 is further counted, LP2 is output, and the reference clock counter for one horizontal period becomes 0 at the next rise of the horizontal synchronization signal LP, and the output of LP1 and LP2 is repeated. Thus, by selecting the SEP signal, the timing of LP1 and LP2 can be selected, and the pulse width ratio can be switched. Note that a plurality of SEP signals can be set at an arbitrary point.

Next, the data signal inverting section 60 for inverting the data of the data signals D0 to D7 will be described. As shown in FIG. 6, the data signal inverting section 60 receives a comparison signal and a reference signal, and outputs a comparison result as a determination signal. The comparison circuit 62 outputs the determination signal and the data signal. And a data signal inverting circuit 61 for inverting the data signal based on the determination signal. Specifically, the comparison circuit 62 outputs the comparison signal
A signal such as a liquid crystal driving voltage, a modulation voltage, an ambient temperature, and a display screen luminance detected by using various sensors or the like is input through A / D conversion or D / A conversion, and is input as a reference signal. Is D / A converted and input.

Here, an example in which the pulse division number is divided into three in one selection period has been described, but the present invention is not limited to this, and it is sufficient that the pulse division number be two or more. Needless to say.

For example, as already described as Conventional Example 2, the pixel selection period is divided into a writing period and an erasing period. Specifically, pixels are selected line-sequentially, and the pixel selection period is A writing period in which a first voltage for charging a certain amount of charge or more is applied, and the charge charged in the writing period is not canceled when the selected pixel is turned on when the selected pixel is turned on. When the selected pixel is turned off, the second voltage is divided into an erasing period in which a third voltage is applied, which substantially cancels the charge charged in the writing period, and the writing period and the erasing period are set according to the ambient temperature. In addition to increasing the pulse width ratio during the erasing period when the ambient temperature decreases, the pulse width ratio during the erasing period decreases when the ambient temperature increases. You can employ a method of combining inverting the.

Embodiment 2 In Embodiment 2, the amplitude ratio of the charging and discharging voltages applied to the pixels is changed according to the ambient temperature, and the data signal is inverted. FIG. 7 shows an example of the configuration of a voltage generating apparatus in the case where the amplitude ratio is changed by changing the modulation voltage. This voltage generation device 81 generates a data signal voltage VD and a non-selection voltage VM from a logic circuit power supply voltage Vcc. The data signal voltage generation circuit 801 and the non-selection voltage generation circuit 80
2 and a write voltage generation circuit 803. The logic circuit power supply voltage Vcc is input to the non-selection voltage generation circuit 802. The non-selection voltage generation circuit 802 generates and outputs the non-selection voltage VM from the input logic circuit power supply voltage Vcc. The non-selection voltage generation circuit 802 has a temperature detection circuit 804, and the non-selection voltage VM
To adjust. Then, the non-selection voltage VM is input to the data signal voltage generation circuit 801 to generate the data signal voltage VD. The write voltage generation circuit 803 calculates the voltage Vee based on the liquid crystal driving circuit, the non-selection voltage VM, and the control signal Sd.
Write voltages VH and VL are created. The modulation voltage is VD
= 2VM, and the output waveform and control waveform are the same as those shown in FIG. Note that a posistor or the like can be used as the temperature detection circuit.

For example, as already described as Conventional Example 3, the pixel selection period is divided into a writing period and an erasing period. Specifically, pixels are selected line-sequentially, and the pixel selection period is A writing period in which a first voltage for charging a certain amount of charge or more is applied, and the charge charged in the writing period is not canceled when the selected pixel is turned on when the selected pixel is turned on. When the selected pixel is turned off, the second voltage is divided into an erasing period in which a third voltage is applied, which substantially cancels the charge charged in the writing period, and the writing period and the erasing period are set according to the ambient temperature. In addition to increasing the amplitude ratio during the erasing period when the ambient temperature becomes low, and decreasing the amplitude ratio during the erasing period when the ambient temperature becomes high, the data signal is inverted. You can employ a method of combining and.

The pixel selection period may be divided into a first period, a second period, and a third period. For example, a plurality of signal electrode lines, a plurality of scan electrode lines intersecting these signal electrode lines, and a display element and a non-linear element connected in series between a pair of signal electrode lines and the scan electrode lines are provided. In the display device, the scanning electrode lines are sequentially selected for each selection period, and the display element connected to the selected scanning electrode line is set to O.
As a driving method of a display device in which a voltage for turning N or OFF is applied between a scanning electrode line and a pair of signal electrode lines to drive a display element, a constant value is applied to the display element through a non-linear element during a first period. The above voltage is charged, and in the second period following the first period, the display element is turned on according to the display period.
When N is applied, a voltage that does not cancel the charge voltage charged to the display element in the first period is applied, and when the display element is turned off, a voltage that cancels the charge voltage is applied. In the third period following the second period, the display element is turned off.
When N is applied, a voltage having a selection level with a polarity opposite to that of the first period is applied, and when a display element is turned off, a voltage having a non-selection level with the same polarity as the first period is applied.

At this time, the first period and the second period are set according to the ambient temperature.
The amplitude ratio of the voltage between the combined period of the periods and the third period is increased by increasing the amplitude ratio of the voltage applied during the third period when the ambient temperature decreases, and by increasing the amplitude ratio between the voltages during the third period when the ambient temperature increases. In addition to reducing the amplitude ratio of the applied voltage, a method of inverting the data signal can be used.

(Embodiment 3) In Embodiment 3, a display device is connected in series between a plurality of data signal lines, a plurality of scanning signal lines orthogonal thereto, and each data signal line and each scanning signal line. A non-linear element and a pixel including a matrix display element are provided, and after the pixel is once charged, the charge is discharged according to the display state of the pixel, or the pixel is discharged once, The image is displayed by turning the pixel on or off by charging the electric charge according to the display state of the pixel,
This is applied to a case where a display element having an applied voltage-transmittance characteristic or an applied voltage-reflectance characteristic having a region where the ON display and the OFF display are inverted with respect to the transmittance or the reflectance is used.

In the third embodiment, the VT characteristic shown in FIG. 1 has an inverted area c where data is inverted and a non-inverted area b where data is not inverted. Or, regarding the relationship of the reflectance, when the ambient temperature is approximately the center temperature of the temperature range used, the inversion region c where the applied voltage is higher has a higher transmittance or reflectance than the non-inversion region b where the applied voltage is lower. Is set as normally white mode. On the other hand, when the transmittance or the reflectance is lower in the inversion region where the applied voltage is higher than in the non-inversion region where the applied voltage is lower, the normally black mode is set. Thereby, higher contrast can be obtained. The switching of the optical characteristics in this case can be set by the method of attaching the polarizing plate, the rubbing direction, and the like.

(Embodiment 4) An example in which the pulse width ratio is changed in the first embodiment to change the VT characteristic, and an example in which the amplitude ratio is changed by changing the modulation voltage in the second embodiment. However, the VT characteristics can also be changed by changing the characteristics of the two-terminal element. Embodiment 4 is a method for manufacturing a display device, which is a two-terminal element having an applied voltage-transmittance characteristic or an applied voltage-reflectance characteristic having a region where ON display and OFF display are inverted with respect to transmittance or reflectance. The current-voltage characteristics of the display element such as
The desired characteristics are obtained by changing any one of the manufacturing steps of the insulating layer thickness, the film forming temperature, and the element size.

Table 1 shows ambient temperature, pulse width ratio, amplitude ratio,
V when changing the level of parameters such as nonlinear element characteristics
The change in the -T characteristic is shown in correspondence with FIG. Usually, the amount of change in each characteristic is adjusted in order to define the VT characteristic. For example, in order to make the nonlinear element characteristic Lo impedance, the manufacturing conditions must be set to the thickness of the insulating film. The thickness may be reduced, the heat treatment temperature in the film formation step may be increased, and the element size may be increased. In addition, at least one manufacturing process among the insulating layer thickness, the film forming temperature, and the element size may be changed.

(Embodiment 5) In Embodiment 5, only the inverted area of data is used because it is used only in a certain high-temperature environment. For example, for a projector or the like affected by heat from a lamp, desired characteristics can be obtained in a high-temperature environment by using only a data inversion region without changing a pulse width ratio, an amplitude ratio, and the like.

[0076]

As described above, according to the display device using the non-linear element and the method of driving the same according to the present invention, the display element displays ON or OFF with respect to transmittance or reflectance with respect to applied voltage. In the case where the display device has an applied voltage-transmittance characteristic or an applied voltage-reflectance characteristic having a region where display is inverted, the electric charge is once charged in the pixel of the display device, and then the electric charge is discharged according to the display state of the pixel. Alternatively, after driving the pixel to turn on or off the pixel by discharging the charge once and then charging the charge according to the display state of the pixel, according to the ambient temperature, The method of inverting the data signal, or changing the pulse width ratio or the amplitude ratio of the charging and discharging voltages applied to the pixel according to the ambient temperature, and changing the data signal Take the way to rolling. Therefore, by using not only the non-inversion area but also the inversion area,
The temperature dependency of the nonlinear element can be corrected.

Accordingly, the maximum contrast voltage at low temperatures can be reduced, and the maximum contrast value and maximum contrast voltage at high temperatures can be increased, so that the voltage-contrast characteristics at low and high temperatures are close to those at normal temperature. Therefore, high contrast can be obtained over a wide temperature range with one applied voltage. In addition, since both the nonlinear element and the display element use the vicinity of the saturation region of the characteristic, it is possible to reduce the variation in the in-plane contrast of the display pixel. Also,
By applying a high drive voltage, the response speed can be increased.

In the applied voltage-transmittance characteristics or the applied voltage-reflectance characteristics, when the applied voltage is higher, the inversion region has a higher transmittance or reflectance than the non-inversion region where the applied voltage is lower. Set as white mode,
When the transmittance or the reflectance is lower in the inversion region where the applied voltage is higher than in the non-inversion region where the applied voltage is lower, higher contrast can be obtained by setting the normally black mode.

Further, according to the display device manufacturing method of the present invention, the display device has an applied voltage-transmittance characteristic or an applied voltage-reflectance characteristic having a region where the ON display and the OFF display are inverted with respect to the transmittance or the reflectance. The current-voltage characteristics of the display element
Desired characteristics can be obtained by changing any of the manufacturing steps of the insulating layer thickness, the film forming temperature, and the element size.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a diagram showing voltage-transmittance (reflectance) characteristics for describing a display device and a driving method of the present invention.

FIG. 2 shows a display device and a driving method thereof according to the present invention.
FIG. 3 is a diagram illustrating a voltage waveform applied to a pixel and a voltage waveform applied to a display element.

FIG. 3 shows a display device and a driving method thereof according to the present invention.
FIG. 3 is a diagram illustrating voltage-transmittance (reflectance) characteristics when the ambient temperature and the pulse width ratio are changed and when the parameters in Table 1 are changed.

FIG. 4 is a time chart showing control signals in the display device and the driving method of the present invention.

FIG. 5 shows a display device and a driving method thereof according to the present invention.
5 is a time chart showing a control signal when changing a pulse width ratio.

FIG. 6 is a block diagram illustrating a configuration example of a data inversion circuit used in a display device and a driving method of the present invention.

FIG. 7 is a block diagram illustrating a configuration example of a modulation voltage changing circuit used in the display device and the driving method of the present invention.

FIG. 8 is a block diagram illustrating a configuration example of a liquid crystal display device using a two-terminal element.

FIG. 9 is an equivalent circuit diagram of a display panel in a liquid crystal display device using a two-terminal element.

FIG. 10 is a diagram showing IV (current-voltage) characteristics of a two-terminal element.

FIG. 11 is a diagram showing V-CR (voltage-contrast) characteristics at different temperatures of a conventional liquid crystal display device using a two-terminal element when driven without temperature correction.

FIG. 12 shows a liquid crystal display device according to the ambient temperature.
FIG. 5 is a diagram illustrating a driving waveform when changing a pulse width ratio between a charging voltage and a discharging voltage applied to a pixel.

FIG. 13 is a diagram showing V-CR (voltage-contrast) characteristics at different temperatures when a drive waveform is applied in a conventional liquid crystal display device.

FIG. 14 illustrates a liquid crystal display device according to an ambient temperature.
FIG. 4 is a diagram showing a driving waveform when changing the amplitude ratio of the charging and discharging voltages applied to the pixel.

[Explanation of symbols]

 REFERENCE SIGNS LIST 1 display panel 2 scanning signal line driving circuit 3 data signal line driving circuit 4 control unit 5 2 terminal element 6 liquid crystal layer Xn data signal line Ym scanning signal line 60 data inversion unit 61 data inversion circuit 62 comparison circuit 81 voltage generation device 801 data Signal voltage generation circuit 802 Non-selection voltage generation circuit 803 Write voltage generation circuit 804 Temperature detection circuit

Continued on the front page F term (reference) 2H093 NA43 NC16 NC24 NC27 NC34 NC57 ND02 ND04 ND05 ND34 NG02 5C006 AA15 AA16 AC11 AC21 AF46 BB17 BC12 BC13 BF38 FA19 5C080 AA10 BB05 DD03 EE29 FF09 GG01 GG09 JJ05 JJ04 JJ04 JJ04JJ

Claims (15)

[Claims] 1. A pixel comprising a plurality of data signal lines, a plurality of scanning signal lines orthogonal thereto, a non-linear element connected in series between each data signal line and each scanning signal line, and a matrix display element. After charging the pixel once, discharging the charge according to the display state of the pixel, or discharging the pixel once, and then discharging the charge according to the display state of the pixel A method for driving a display device, which displays an image by turning the pixel on or off by charging the display device, wherein the data signal is inverted according to an ambient temperature. 2. A pixel comprising a plurality of data signal lines, a plurality of scanning signal lines orthogonal thereto, a non-linear element connected in series between each data signal line and each scanning signal line, and a matrix display element. After charging the pixel once, discharging the charge according to the display state of the pixel, or discharging the pixel once, and then discharging the charge according to the display state of the pixel In a method for driving a display device in which an image is displayed by turning the pixel on or off by charging, a pulse width ratio between a charging voltage and a discharging voltage applied to the pixel is changed according to an ambient temperature. A method for driving a display device that changes and inverts a data signal. 3. The method according to claim 1, wherein the pixel is selected in a line-sequential manner, and a selection period of the pixel is defined as a writing period in which a first voltage for charging a certain amount or more of charge is applied, and a charge charged in the writing period. When the selected pixel is turned on, the second voltage that does not cancel the charge charged in the writing period is used. When the selected pixel is turned off, the charge charged in the writing period is written. It is divided into an erasing period in which a third voltage for substantially canceling out is applied, and the pulse width ratio between the writing period and the erasing period is increased according to the ambient temperature, and the pulse width ratio in the erasing period is increased when the ambient temperature becomes low. 3. The method according to claim 2, wherein when the ambient temperature becomes high, the pulse width ratio in the erase period is reduced and the data signal is inverted. 4. A pixel comprising a plurality of data signal lines, a plurality of scanning signal lines orthogonal thereto, a non-linear element connected in series between each data signal line and each scanning signal line, and a matrix display element. After charging the pixel once, discharging the charge according to the display state of the pixel, or discharging the pixel once, and then discharging the charge according to the display state of the pixel In a driving method of a display device for displaying an image by turning the pixel on or off by charging, an amplitude ratio of a charging voltage and a discharging voltage applied to the pixel is changed according to an ambient temperature. And a method of driving a display device for inverting a data signal. 5. The method according to claim 1, wherein the pixel is selected in a line-sequential manner, and a selection period of the pixel is defined as: a writing period in which a first voltage for charging a certain amount or more of charge is applied; and a charge charged in the writing period. A second voltage which does not cancel the charge charged in the writing period when the selected pixel is turned on, and a third voltage which almost cancels the charge charged in the writing period when the selected pixel is turned off. The voltage is divided into an erasing period in which a voltage is applied, and the amplitude ratio of the voltage applied in the writing period and the erasing period in accordance with the ambient temperature is calculated. 5. The method according to claim 4, wherein the amplitude ratio is increased, and when the ambient temperature becomes high, the amplitude ratio of the voltage applied during the erasing period is reduced and the data signal is inverted. 6. A plurality of signal electrode lines, a plurality of scanning electrode lines intersecting these signal electrode lines, a display element and a non-linear element connected in series between a pair of signal electrode lines and the scanning electrode lines. In the display device, the scan electrode lines are sequentially selected for each selection period, and a voltage for turning on or off the display element connected to the selected scan electrode lines is paired with the scan electrode lines. A driving method for driving a display device by applying a voltage between the first and second signal electrode lines, wherein the selection period is divided into a first period, a second period, and a third period. In the period, the display element is charged with a voltage equal to or higher than a certain value through the nonlinear element. In the second period following the first period, according to the display period,
When the display element is turned on, a voltage of a level that does not cancel the charge voltage charged to the display element in the first period is applied, and when the display element is turned off, a voltage of a level that cancels the charge voltage is applied. In the third period following the second period, a voltage which is a selected level with a polarity opposite to that of the first period is applied when the display element is turned on, and the first voltage is applied when the display element is turned off. In a driving method of a display device for applying a voltage having the same polarity as a period and having a non-selection level, the amplitude ratio of the voltage of the first period, the period of the second period, and the voltage of the third period according to the ambient temperature When the ambient temperature decreases, the amplitude ratio of the voltage applied during the third period increases, when the ambient temperature increases, the amplitude ratio of the voltage applied during the third period decreases, and A method for driving a display device for inverting a signal. 7. The method of driving a display device according to claim 4, wherein the amplitude ratio is changed by changing a modulation voltage. 8. A data signal inversion circuit using a data signal inversion circuit having a comparison circuit based on any one of a liquid crystal drive voltage, an ambient temperature, a display screen luminance, and a modulation voltage. A method for driving a display device according to claim 7. 9. The method according to claim 1, wherein the nonlinear element is a two-terminal element. 10. A display device using the two-terminal device,
Within the ambient temperature range to be used, the applied voltage-transmittance characteristic or the applied voltage-reflectance characteristic having a region where the ON display and the OFF display are inverted with respect to the transmittance or reflectance with respect to the voltage applied to the display element. The method for driving a display device according to claim 9. And changing at least one of a pulse width ratio, an amplitude ratio, and a pulse width and an amplitude in a non-selection period in a selection period of the voltage waveform applied to the display element, and changing a transmittance or a reflectance. The method of driving a display device according to claim 10, wherein a region where the ON display and the OFF display are inverted is formed. 12. A pixel comprising a plurality of data signal lines, a plurality of scanning signal lines orthogonal thereto, a non-linear element connected in series between each data signal line and each scanning signal line, and a matrix display element. After charging the pixel once, discharging the charge according to the display state of the pixel, or discharging the pixel once, and then discharging the charge according to the display state of the pixel A display device for displaying an image by turning the pixel on or off by charging the display device, wherein the display element displays an ON display and an OFF display with respect to transmittance or reflectance with respect to an applied voltage. It has an applied voltage-transmittance characteristic or an applied voltage-reflectance characteristic having a region to be inverted, and uses a data signal inverting means for inverting a data signal in accordance with the ambient temperature. Display device which performs display using. 13. The display device according to claim 12, further comprising means for changing a pulse width ratio or an amplitude ratio of a charging voltage and a discharging voltage applied to the pixel according to an ambient temperature. 14. A pixel comprising a plurality of data signal lines, a plurality of scanning signal lines orthogonal thereto, a non-linear element connected in series between each data signal line and each scanning signal line, and a matrix display element. After charging the pixel once, discharging the charge according to the display state of the pixel, or discharging the pixel once, and then discharging the charge according to the display state of the pixel A display device for displaying an image by charging the pixel so that the pixel is turned on or off, wherein an applied voltage-transmittance characteristic having a region where ON display and OFF display are inverted with respect to transmittance or reflectance or When a display element having an applied voltage-reflectance characteristic is used, when the ambient temperature is almost the center of the operating temperature range, the applied voltage is lower in the inversion region where the applied voltage is higher. When the transmittance or the reflectance is higher than the non-inversion region, the mode is set as the normally white mode. When the transmittance or the reflectance is lower in the inversion region where the applied voltage is higher than in the non-inversion region where the applied voltage is lower. Display device set as normally black mode. 15. An applied voltage-transmittance characteristic or an applied voltage-current of a display element having an applied voltage-reflectance characteristic having a region where ON display and OFF display are inverted with respect to transmittance or reflectance.
A method for manufacturing a display device, which is formed by changing any one of manufacturing steps of a film thickness of an insulating layer, a film forming temperature, and an element size for determining voltage characteristics.