JP2000041367A - Hybrid excitation type synchronous machine - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To obtain a hybrid excitation type synchronous machine in which the overall size is reduced, magnetic saturation is not present and high speed rotation is enabled. SOLUTION: This synchronous machine has a stator 21 and an armature 11. In a stator 21, a rotor back yoke 4 is fixed to a shaft 15. An exciting winding 5, which is wound along the peripheral direction, is embedded in the back yoke 4. Two of a plurality of armature cores 2 are fixed in a line in the axial direction on the outer periphery of the back yoke 4. In the armature 11, core salient poles 12a and permanent magnets 13 are arranged alternately in the peripheral direction, facing the core 2 via a gap, outside the stator 21 and inside the back yoke 14. The permanent magnets 13 are so arranged that the N pole side and the S pole side are divided in the axial direction. The permanent magnets 13 are so arranged alternately that the N pole sides and the S pole sides are not arranged side by side in the axial direction.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a so-called hybrid excitation type synchronous machine having not only permanent magnets but also electromagnets, and relates to an outer rotor type synchronous machine.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Japanese Unexamined Patent Publication No.
No. 351,206 proposes a hybrid excitation type permanent magnet synchronous rotating machine called a hybrid excitation type permanent magnet synchronous rotating machine, in which the operable range is expanded without performing so-called demagnetization control and the iron loss is reduced efficiently. ing.
According to the invention of the prior application, FIG. 8 shows a cross-sectional configuration of the entire stator and rotor, and FIG. 9 shows a perspective view of the rotor.

In FIG. 8, reference numeral 1 denotes an armature as a stator;
2 is an iron core of this armature, 3 is an armature winding, and 4 is a cylindrical back yoke. Among these, the armature core 2 is a laminated core divided into two in the axial direction, one part of the armature core 2a for convenience, and the other part of the armature core S2 for convenience.
In the case of b, the N-pole-side iron core 2a and the S-pole-side iron core 2b are provided along the axial direction so as to sandwich the ring-shaped DC excitation winding 5 therebetween. Then, the N pole side core 2a and S
The pole core 2b is magnetically coupled to and mechanically supported by the back yoke 4. The armature winding 3 is provided so as to straddle the N-pole side core 2a and the S-pole side core 2b. The exciting winding 5 is obtained by insulating a wire wound in a ring shape, and is wound by a sufficient number of turns so as to generate a necessary magnetomotive force in accordance with a power supply capacity and mechanical dimensions.

On the other hand, the rotor 11 has a rotor core 12 and a permanent magnet 13, and the rotor core 12 is supported and fixed to a back yoke 14 connected to a shaft 15. Here, the rotor core 12 has a salient pole shape with a partially protruding structure, and forms a salient pole portion 12 a at a portion other than the portion where the permanent magnet 13 is provided. The salient pole portions 12a are provided in correspondence with the N pole side cores 2a and S pole side cores 2b of the stator, and for convenience, as shown in FIG. 9, the N pole side salient pole portions 12aN and the S poles. Side salient pole portion 12
aS. That is, the salient pole-shaped portion 12a is provided corresponding to the axial length of the N-pole side core 2a and the S-pole side core 2b of the stator, and has a constant width in the circumferential direction, and There are a salient pole portion 12aN and an S pole side salient pole portion 12aS. And, in the N pole side salient pole portion 12aN,
An N-pole permanent magnet 13 is arranged adjacent to the circumferential direction, and an S-pole permanent magnet 13 is also arranged adjacent to the S-pole side salient pole portion 12aS in the circumferential direction. In addition, the N-pole side salient pole portion 12aN and the S-pole permanent magnet 13 are arranged in the axial direction.
This is a structure in which the pole permanent magnet 13 and the S pole side salient pole portion 12aS are arranged side by side.

As a result, in the rotor 11, as shown in FIG. 9, the N pole side salient pole portions 12aN and the N pole side permanent magnets 13 are alternately arranged in the circumferential direction, and are separated from the exciting winding by 5 in the axial direction. S
The pole-side salient pole portions 12aS and the S pole permanent magnets 13 are alternately arranged in the circumferential direction, and the salient pole portions 12a and the permanent magnets 13 are arranged in the axial direction. Further, the salient pole portions 12 a are formed in the circumferential direction by the same number as the number of poles of the permanent magnet 13. Although the example shown in FIG. 9 shows an example in which the permanent magnets 13 are arranged in six poles, the number of poles is not limited to this, and various pole numbers such as eight poles can be considered. Here, the permanent magnet 13 is attached and fixed to a predetermined portion other than the salient pole portion 12a of the rotor core 12, and the rotor core 12 is inserted and supported by a cylindrical yoke 14. .

The structure of this embodiment is as shown in FIGS. 8 and 9. Here, a description will be given of the DC magnetic flux by this structure. For example, when a DC current is applied to the DC excitation winding 5 shown in FIG. 8, the back yoke 4 of the armature
→ S pole side iron core 2b → Gap → S pole side salient pole portion 12aS
A closed magnetic path is formed in the order of the rotor core 12 → the rotor back yoke 14 → the rotor core 12 → the N pole side salient pole portion 12aN → the gap → the N pole side core 2a → the back yoke 4. In this case, the direction of the magnetic flux can be controlled by the direction of the DC current, and the magnitude can be controlled by the magnitude of the current.

[0007]

However, in the configuration shown in FIG. 8 described above, the armature 1 and the rotor 11
The back yokes 4 and 14 for passing magnetic flux are required on each side, and the back yoke 4 especially on the armature side is unnecessary for a conventional rotating machine, This leads to an increase in the dimension in the direction and an increase in the overall physique.

In addition, the exciting winding 5 is interposed between the armature cores 2, so that the axial dimension is increased by that amount, and the overall size is increased.

Further, a permanent magnet 1 is provided on the surface of the rotor core 12.
Due to the structure to which the rotor 3 is attached, it is difficult to rotate the rotor 11 at high speed.

[0010] As described above, the armature 1 in view of the overall physique.
When the back yoke 4 is not thickened, magnetic saturation occurs at the back yoke 4 due to the axial magnetic flux, and FIG.
As shown by the broken line shown in FIG. 3, a wide range of voltage adjustment is not possible, and in particular, the voltage does not decrease.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION An object of the present invention is to provide a hybrid-excited synchronous machine which has a reduced overall physique in view of the above-mentioned problems, has no magnetic saturation, and can rotate at high speed.

[0012]

The present invention that achieves the above object has the following matters specifying the invention. According to a first aspect of the present invention, a stator back yoke is mounted on a shaft, and an exciting winding wound along a circumferential direction is embedded in the back yoke, and a plurality of armature cores are circumferentially provided on the outer periphery of the back yoke. Two stators are mounted side by side in the axial direction, and a salient pole and a permanent magnet are provided on the outer side of the stator, inside the rotor back yoke, facing the armature core via a gap, and in the circumferential direction. The permanent magnets are arranged alternately in the N-pole side and the S-pole side in the axial direction, and the permanent magnets on the N-pole side and the S-pole side are alternately arranged so as not to be aligned in the axial direction. And a child.

A second invention is characterized in that, based on the first invention, the armature cores arranged in the axial direction are integrally formed via a spacer made of a nonmagnetic material.

A third invention is based on the first invention, wherein a dust core is used as the salient pole of the rotor.

[0015]

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS An embodiment of the present invention will now be described with reference to FIGS. In FIGS. 1 to 7, the same functional portions as those in FIGS. 8 and 9 are denoted by the same reference numerals. In FIG. 1, an outer rotor type hybrid excitation type synchronous machine is provided, and a stator 21 includes a stator-side back yoke 4 provided on a shaft 15, and an excitation winding embedded in the back yoke 4. It has an armature core 2 attached to a wire 5, a back yoke 4, and an armature winding 3 wound around the armature core 2.

On the other hand, the rotor 1 serving as an outer rotor
1, a permanent magnet 13 and a core salient pole 12a are provided on the inner peripheral side of a cylindrical back yoke 14 in the axial direction corresponding to the armature cores 2a and 2b of the stator 21.

Further, the armature core 2 is fitted into the outer peripheral recess 21a of the back yoke 4 of the stator 21, and the armature core 2
a, 2b is provided with a minimum spacing allowing leakage of magnetic flux, a spacer 2c made of a non-magnetic material is interposed therebetween, and the armature winding 3 is wound integrally with the armature cores 2a, 2b and the spacer 2c. Turned. In this case, the armature cores 2a and 2b and the spacer 2c are fixed by bolts 22 that penetrate the back yoke 4 in the axial direction as shown in FIG. In FIG. 2, reference numeral 23 denotes a hole for caulking the laminated armature cores 2a and 2b, and reference numeral 24 denotes a hole for the bolt 22.

As shown in FIG. 2, the permanent magnet 1 is attached to the rotor 11 and is attached to the inner periphery of the back yoke 14.
3 and the core salient poles 12a are also fixed by a presser 16 having a trapezoidal cross section, and are tightened and fixed by bolts 17 from the outside.

FIG. 3 is an overall view of the hybrid excitation type synchronous machine of the present embodiment as viewed from the side. The stator 21 has a structure in which 18 armature cores 2 are provided in the circumferential direction.
Each armature winding 3 is structured to be concentratedly wound, and each armature core 2 is fixed to a back yoke 4 by two bolts 22. Further, the rotor 11 has a structure in which the permanent magnets 13 and the iron core salient poles 12a are alternately arranged six by six.

The excitation winding 5 embedded in the back yoke 4 of the stator 21 is disposed on the inner peripheral side of the armature core 2 so as to straddle the armature cores 2a and 2b as shown in FIG. . In this case, the exciting winding 5 is wound directly in the groove of the back yoke 4 via the insulator 5a as shown in FIG. 4A, or only the winding 5 is manufactured as shown in FIG. 4B. A manufacturing method of inserting into the back yoke 4 and fixing with the magnetic ring 5b may be adopted. In any case, the winding work of the exciting winding 5,
Assembly work is simple. Moreover, the existence of the excitation winding 5
Since it is located near the inner peripheral side of the back yoke 4, there is no obstacle to the armature core 2. Therefore, the distance between the armature cores 2a and 2b can be reduced in the axial direction, and the distance between the permanent magnet 13 of the rotor 11 and the core salient poles 12a can be reduced. be able to.

In the structure of the rotor 11, the centrifugal force acting on the permanent magnet 13 and the iron core salient pole 12a due to the outer rotor type becomes a force for pressing these against the back yoke 14.
Even at high speed rotation, stable rotation can be obtained without any trouble.
The arrangement of the permanent magnet 13 and the core salient pole 12a is shown in FIG.
As shown in FIG. 2, the arrangement of the rotor surface shown in the conventional drawing is arranged on the inner peripheral surface of the back yoke 14. in this case,
Although the iron core salient poles 12a are formed by a massive iron core, the surface loss increases due to the influence of the harmonic magnetic flux. For this reason, it is effective to use a material such as powder metal (dust core) as the core salient pole 12a.

In the description so far, the armature winding 3 has been described as a concentrated winding on the armature core 2 and illustrated. However, as shown in FIGS. The armature winding 3 may be provided in the slot 2s.

FIG. 7 shows another example of the iron core salient poles 12a of the rotor. In FIG. 7 (a), a laminated iron core is used to reduce the surface loss, and the core salient pole is integrally formed by caulking. very,
As shown in FIG. 7 (b), iron salient poles in which the whole is integrated using a material having an adhesive force on an iron plate coating are shown.
FIG. 7 (c) shows the iron core salient pole made of the above-mentioned powder metal.

[0024]

As described above, the present invention has the following effects. Since the excitation winding was buried in the back yoke and the spacing between the armature windings was reduced,
Compared with the conventional case, the size in the axial direction can be reduced, and the cross section of the magnetic path can be increased even if the rotor back yoke is thinned, so that the size in the radial direction can be reduced. In addition, because of the outer rotor type, high speed rotation is possible without worrying about the strength of centrifugal force. The saturation of the axial magnetic flux is eliminated, and the voltage adjustment range is increased. The number of turns of the exciting winding can be increased, the field can be controlled with a small current, the gap length can be increased, and the voltage adjustment range can be expanded. Winding work and assembly of the exciting winding are facilitated.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a diagram showing a partial front and side views of an example of an embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a view particularly showing bolts, caulking holes, and pressers in FIG. 1;

FIG. 3 is an overall side view.

FIG. 4 is a diagram showing an attached state of an exciting winding;

FIG. 5 is a development view of an inner peripheral side of a rotor.

FIG. 6 is a configuration diagram of a stator having a three-phase winding.

FIG. 7 is a perspective view of a modified example of a core salient pole.

FIG. 8 is an overall sectional view of a conventional example.

FIG. 9 is a perspective view of a conventional rotor.

FIG. 10 is a characteristic diagram of a no-load saturation curve of a conventional structure.

[Explanation of symbols]

 2, 2a, 2b Armature core 2c Spacer 3 Armature winding 4, 14 Back yoke 5 Excitation winding 11 Rotor 12a Iron core salient pole 13 Permanent magnet 16 Holder 17, 22 Volt

Claims (3)

[Claims] 1. A stator back yoke is mounted on a shaft, and an exciting winding wound in a circumferential direction is embedded in the back yoke, and a plurality of armature cores are circumferentially mounted on an outer periphery of the back yoke. Two stators are arranged side by side in the direction, and outside the stator, inside the rotor back yoke, facing the armature core via a gap, and alternately have salient poles and permanent magnets in the circumferential direction. And permanent magnets are separately arranged in the axial direction on the N pole side and the S pole side, and the permanent magnets on the N pole side and the S pole side are alternately arranged so as not to be aligned in the axial direction. And a hybrid excitation type synchronous machine having: 2. The hybrid excitation type synchronous machine according to claim 1, wherein said armature cores arranged in the axial direction are integrally formed via a spacer made of a nonmagnetic material. 3. The hybrid excitation type synchronous machine according to claim 1, wherein a dust core is used as the salient pole of the rotor core.