ITRM20130653A1 - CONTROLLED AND INSTANTANEOUS PRODUCTION SYSTEM OF HYDROGEN TO BE INPUT IN THE SUCTION DUCT OF AN ENDOTHERMAL ENGINE - Google Patents
CONTROLLED AND INSTANTANEOUS PRODUCTION SYSTEM OF HYDROGEN TO BE INPUT IN THE SUCTION DUCT OF AN ENDOTHERMAL ENGINEInfo
- Publication number
- ITRM20130653A1 ITRM20130653A1 IT000653A ITRM20130653A ITRM20130653A1 IT RM20130653 A1 ITRM20130653 A1 IT RM20130653A1 IT 000653 A IT000653 A IT 000653A IT RM20130653 A ITRM20130653 A IT RM20130653A IT RM20130653 A1 ITRM20130653 A1 IT RM20130653A1
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- Prior art keywords
- hydrogen
- cpu
- tank
- fact
- data
- Prior art date
Links
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical class [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims description 46
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 title claims description 46
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims description 46
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 title claims description 14
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 15
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Chemical compound O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 10
- KWYUFKZDYYNOTN-UHFFFAOYSA-M Potassium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[K+] KWYUFKZDYYNOTN-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 9
- HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[Na+] HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000013523 data management Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000012153 distilled water Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000003247 decreasing effect Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000005611 electricity Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000002427 irreversible effect Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000007726 management method Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 description 5
- 239000003570 air Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000002360 explosive Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 150000002431 hydrogen Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N methane Chemical compound C VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 235000011121 sodium hydroxide Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005868 electrolysis reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003792 electrolyte Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000005484 gravity Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000012528 membrane Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000006798 recombination Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005215 recombination Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002269 spontaneous effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001131 transforming effect Effects 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02D—CONTROLLING COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F02D41/00—Electrical control of supply of combustible mixture or its constituents
- F02D41/02—Circuit arrangements for generating control signals
- F02D41/18—Circuit arrangements for generating control signals by measuring intake air flow
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C25—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25B—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES FOR THE PRODUCTION OF COMPOUNDS OR NON-METALS; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25B1/00—Electrolytic production of inorganic compounds or non-metals
- C25B1/01—Products
- C25B1/02—Hydrogen or oxygen
- C25B1/04—Hydrogen or oxygen by electrolysis of water
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C25—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25B—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES FOR THE PRODUCTION OF COMPOUNDS OR NON-METALS; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25B15/00—Operating or servicing cells
- C25B15/02—Process control or regulation
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C25—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25B—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES FOR THE PRODUCTION OF COMPOUNDS OR NON-METALS; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25B9/00—Cells or assemblies of cells; Constructional parts of cells; Assemblies of constructional parts, e.g. electrode-diaphragm assemblies; Process-related cell features
- C25B9/70—Assemblies comprising two or more cells
- C25B9/73—Assemblies comprising two or more cells of the filter-press type
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02D—CONTROLLING COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F02D19/00—Controlling engines characterised by their use of non-liquid fuels, pluralities of fuels, or non-fuel substances added to the combustible mixtures
- F02D19/06—Controlling engines characterised by their use of non-liquid fuels, pluralities of fuels, or non-fuel substances added to the combustible mixtures peculiar to engines working with pluralities of fuels, e.g. alternatively with light and heavy fuel oil, other than engines indifferent to the fuel consumed
- F02D19/0639—Controlling engines characterised by their use of non-liquid fuels, pluralities of fuels, or non-fuel substances added to the combustible mixtures peculiar to engines working with pluralities of fuels, e.g. alternatively with light and heavy fuel oil, other than engines indifferent to the fuel consumed characterised by the type of fuels
- F02D19/0642—Controlling engines characterised by their use of non-liquid fuels, pluralities of fuels, or non-fuel substances added to the combustible mixtures peculiar to engines working with pluralities of fuels, e.g. alternatively with light and heavy fuel oil, other than engines indifferent to the fuel consumed characterised by the type of fuels at least one fuel being gaseous, the other fuels being gaseous or liquid at standard conditions
- F02D19/0644—Controlling engines characterised by their use of non-liquid fuels, pluralities of fuels, or non-fuel substances added to the combustible mixtures peculiar to engines working with pluralities of fuels, e.g. alternatively with light and heavy fuel oil, other than engines indifferent to the fuel consumed characterised by the type of fuels at least one fuel being gaseous, the other fuels being gaseous or liquid at standard conditions the gaseous fuel being hydrogen, ammonia or carbon monoxide
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
- F02M25/00—Engine-pertinent apparatus for adding non-fuel substances or small quantities of secondary fuel to combustion-air, main fuel or fuel-air mixture
- F02M25/10—Engine-pertinent apparatus for adding non-fuel substances or small quantities of secondary fuel to combustion-air, main fuel or fuel-air mixture adding acetylene, non-waterborne hydrogen, non-airborne oxygen, or ozone
- F02M25/12—Engine-pertinent apparatus for adding non-fuel substances or small quantities of secondary fuel to combustion-air, main fuel or fuel-air mixture adding acetylene, non-waterborne hydrogen, non-airborne oxygen, or ozone the apparatus having means for generating such gases
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/30—Hydrogen technology
- Y02E60/36—Hydrogen production from non-carbon containing sources, e.g. by water electrolysis
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
- Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
- Y02T10/10—Internal combustion engine [ICE] based vehicles
- Y02T10/30—Use of alternative fuels, e.g. biofuels
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Metallurgy (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Electrochemistry (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
- Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
- Automation & Control Theory (AREA)
- Output Control And Ontrol Of Special Type Engine (AREA)
- Electrolytic Production Of Non-Metals, Compounds, Apparatuses Therefor (AREA)
Description
Descrizione Description
APPARATO PER LA PRODUZIONE COMANDATA ED ISTANTANEA DI IDROGENO DA IMMETTERE NEL CONDOTTO DI ASPIRAZIONE DI UN MOTORE ENDOTERMICO; APPARATUS FOR THE CONTROLLED AND INSTANTANEOUS PRODUCTION OF HYDROGEN TO BE INTAKE IN THE SUCTION DUCT OF AN ENDOTHERMAL ENGINE;
La presente invenzione riguarda il settore della produzione di energia meccanica a partire da combustibili. The present invention relates to the sector of the production of mechanical energy starting from fuels.
In particolare il trovato è relativo ad un dispositivo elettronico-meccanico atto al controllo ed alla gestione della produzione e dell’immissione di idrogeno nei motori endotermici al fine di migliorarne il rendimento energetico, con particolare riferimento alla riduzione del consumo di carburante ed alla riduzione delle emissioni inquinanti. In particular, the invention relates to an electronic-mechanical device suitable for controlling and managing the production and introduction of hydrogen into endothermic engines in order to improve their energy efficiency, with particular reference to the reduction of fuel consumption and the reduction of Polluting emissions.
Come è noto i motori a combustione interna sono macchine che hanno lo scopo di trasformare in energia meccanica la maggior parte del calore derivante dalla combustione di sostanze combustibili. Nel caso dei motori alternativi, ad esempio, il fluido attivo è costituito dai prodotti della combustione che imprimono il movimento ad un pistone collegato mediante un manovellismo all’albero motore. As is known, internal combustion engines are machines which have the purpose of transforming most of the heat deriving from the combustion of combustible substances into mechanical energy. In the case of reciprocating engines, for example, the active fluid is made up of the combustion products that impart movement to a piston connected by a crank to the crankshaft.
Il fluido immesso nel motore può essere costituito da una miscela di aria e combustibile oppure da aria e combustibile forniti separatamente. Le caratteristiche dei motori e le loro prestazioni sono fortemente collegate al tipo di combustibile utilizzato, che usualmente, può essere liquido (benzina, gasolio, nafte, alcoli, ecc.) o gassoso (metano, GPL, idrogeno, ecc.). The fluid introduced into the engine can be a mixture of air and fuel or air and fuel supplied separately. The characteristics of the engines and their performance are strongly linked to the type of fuel used, which usually can be liquid (petrol, diesel, naphtha, alcohol, etc.) or gaseous (methane, LPG, hydrogen, etc.).
Nonostante i continui progressi e ricerche i motori a combustione interna, siano essi ad accensione spontanea o comandata, presentano una serie di inconvenienti per quanto riguarda l’aspetto dei consumi e le emissioni inquinanti. Despite continuous progress and research, internal combustion engines, whether they are spontaneous or controlled ignition, have a number of drawbacks as regards the aspect of consumption and polluting emissions.
E’ anche opportuno osservare che esistono già motori che utilizzano idrogeno, i quali hanno emissioni inquinanti ridottissime che sono costituite da CO2e H2O. Il problema di tali apparati, però, è costituito dal fatto che il serbatoio dell’idrogeno è un oggetto molto pericoloso a causa dell’elevatissima infiammabilità di tale gas e della necessità di immagazzinarlo a pressioni elevatissime per poter avere un’autonomia di funzionamento accettabile. It should also be noted that there are already engines that use hydrogen, which have very low polluting emissions which consist of CO2 and H2O. The problem with these devices, however, is that the hydrogen tank is a very dangerous object due to the very high flammability of this gas and the need to store it at very high pressures in order to have an acceptable operating autonomy.
Scopo principale della presente invenzione, quindi, è quello di superare i problemi suddetti fornendo un dispositivo per la produzione di idrogeno su richiesta e per la sia immissione nel condotto di aspirazione di un motore a combustione interna, per migliorarne le prestazioni e ridurne i consumi. The main purpose of the present invention, therefore, is to overcome the aforementioned problems by providing a device for the production of hydrogen on demand and for its introduction into the intake duct of an internal combustion engine, to improve its performance and reduce its consumption.
Un ulteriore scopo del presente trovato è quello di fornire un apparato supplementare da installare su di un motore a combustione interna il quale consenta di ridurre le emissioni inquinanti. A further object of the present invention is to provide an additional apparatus to be installed on an internal combustion engine which allows to reduce polluting emissions.
Ciò è stato ottenuto, secondo il trovato, prevedendo un apparato supplementare da installare su di un motore a combustione interna, ad esempio per autotrazione, il quale consenta di ridurre i consumi mediante l’immissione di idrogeno nel condotto di aspirazione arricchendo la carica esplosiva posseduta dalla carica fresca immessa nel cilindro. This has been achieved, according to the invention, by providing an additional apparatus to be installed on an internal combustion engine, for example for motor vehicles, which allows to reduce consumption by introducing hydrogen into the intake duct, enriching the explosive charge possessed. from the fresh charge introduced into the cylinder.
Come si vedrà meglio nel seguito, una delle caratteristiche innovative del trovato è che, a differenza dei sistemi finora noti, il dispositivo che si descrive prevede un debimetro (un semplice tubo di connessione tra collettore di aspirazione e centralina elettronica), che consente di “gestire” il valore del volume di aria aspirato dal motore allo scopo di produrre conseguentemente - in proporzione -la corretta la quantità di idrogeno. As will be seen better below, one of the innovative features of the invention is that, unlike the systems known up to now, the device described provides a mass flow meter (a simple connection pipe between the intake manifold and the electronic control unit), which allows " manage ”the value of the volume of air sucked in by the engine in order to consequently produce - in the correct proportion - the quantity of hydrogen.
Una migliore comprensione dell’invenzione si avrà con la seguente descrizione dettagliata e con riferimento alle figure allegate che illustrano, a puro titolo esemplificativo e non già limitativo, una preferita forma di realizzazione. A better understanding of the invention will be obtained with the following detailed description and with reference to the attached figures which illustrate, purely by way of example and not limiting, a preferred embodiment.
Nei disegni: In the drawings:
la figura 1 è uno schema a blocchi funzionale che mostra i principali componenti del trovato; Figure 1 is a functional block diagram showing the main components of the invention;
la figura 2 mostra schematicamente un comune elettrolizzatore multipiastra. Figure 2 schematically shows a common multiplate electrolyser.
Secondo la presente invenzione, l’apparato per la produzione di idrogeno comprende: According to the present invention, the apparatus for the production of hydrogen includes:
- Un serbatoio 2 contenente acqua distillata, preferibilmente, ma non esclusivamente, con idrossido di potassio in soluzione (o anche NaOH o altro soluto adatto) per aumentare la conducibilità elettrica dell’acqua stessa; - A tank 2 containing distilled water, preferably, but not exclusively, with potassium hydroxide in solution (or even NaOH or other suitable solute) to increase the electrical conductivity of the water itself;
- Un comune elettrolizzatore 4 multipiastra, comprendente una serie di “piastre” elettrodi (catodo) al quale avviene la formazione di H2, una serie di “piastre” elettrodi (anodo) al quale avviene la formazione di O2. Tra questi due elettrodi è interposta una soluzione contenente un elettrolita di supporto che deve assicurare il trasporto elettrico in forma ionica in aggiunta agli H<+>e OH<->e garantire il corretto svolgersi delle reazioni agli elettrodi. - A common 4-plate electrolyser, comprising a series of electrode “plates” (cathode) to which H2 is formed, a series of electrode “plates” (anode) to which O2 is formed. Between these two electrodes there is a solution containing a support electrolyte which must ensure the electrical transport in ionic form in addition to the H <+> and OH <-> and ensure the correct development of the reactions to the electrodes.
Nella maggior parte dei casi per impedire il contatto e la ricombinazione dei gas che si formano ai due elettrodi è necessario dividere la soluzione in due scomparti separati da un opportuno diaframma o membrana. Un flusso di elettroni, mossi da una f.e.m. esterna, reagiscono al catodo con l’acqua liberando H2gassoso e OH<->i quali possono muoversi verso l’anodo, dove avviene la reazione di parziale riduzione degli ossidrilioni a O2con riformazione di acqua e immissione di elettroni nel circuito esterno; In most cases, to prevent contact and recombination of the gases formed at the two electrodes, it is necessary to divide the solution into two compartments separated by a suitable diaphragm or membrane. A flow of electrons, moved by a f.e.m. external, react at the cathode with water releasing H2gaseous and OH <-> which can move towards the anode, where the reaction of partial reduction of hydroxylions to O2 takes place with the reformation of water and introduction of electrons into the external circuit;
- Un comune generatore di impulsi ad onda quadra PWM (Pulse-Width Modulation); - A common PWM (Pulse-Width Modulation) square wave pulse generator;
- Un collegamento alla batteria del veicolo su cui è installato l’apparato, oppure ad altra fonte di energia elettrica analoga. - A connection to the battery of the vehicle on which the device is installed, or to another similar source of electricity.
Secondo una caratteristica peculiare della presente invenzione, è prevista una unità di elaborazione dati (in seguito CPU) che è interfacciata al generatore di impulsi PWM e che è dotata di una tubazione 3 (debimetro) collegata alla linea di aspirazione del motore endotermico 1. Tale tubazione 3 è soggetta alle variazioni di pressione che si verificano nel collettore di aspirazione C. According to a peculiar characteristic of the present invention, a data processing unit (hereinafter CPU) is provided which is interfaced with the PWM pulse generator and which is equipped with a pipe 3 (mass flow meter) connected to the suction line of the endothermic engine 1. Such pipe 3 is subject to the pressure variations occurring in the intake manifold C.
Secondo il trovato, i dati di pressione relativi al collettore di aspirazione C rilevati tramite detto debimetro 3, vengono elaborati dalla CPU per stabilire la corretta quantità di idrogeno da produrre ed immettere nel motore endotermico 1 e per gestire conseguentemente il corretto regime di attività del PWM allo scopo di produrre la suddetta quantità di idrogeno. According to the invention, the pressure data relating to the intake manifold C detected by means of said mass flow meter 3, are processed by the CPU to establish the correct quantity of hydrogen to be produced and fed into the internal combustion engine 1 and to consequently manage the correct PWM activity regime. in order to produce the above amount of hydrogen.
Al fine di permettere alla CPU di svolgere delle funzioni di gestione, controllo e sicurezza sull’intero apparato, secondo il trovato sono preferibilmente previsti uno o più dei seguenti dispositivi: In order to allow the CPU to perform management, control and safety functions on the entire apparatus, according to the invention one or more of the following devices are preferably provided:
- Rilevatore di eccesso di idrogeno nell’ambiente circostante. - Detector of excess hydrogen in the surrounding environment.
- Rilevatore di temperatura nell’elettrolizzatore 4. - Temperature detector in the electrolyser 4.
- Rilevatore giri/min del motore endotermico 1. - Termoresistenza nel serbatoio della soluzione per produrre idrogeno. - Endothermic engine rpm detector 1. - Resistance thermometer in the solution tank to produce hydrogen.
- Indicatore di livello liquido nel serbatoio 2 della soluzione per produrre idrogeno. - Liquid level indicator in tank 2 of the solution to produce hydrogen.
- Pompa elettrica, oppure una valvola di controllo della portata, per inviare la corretta quantità di idrogeno nella tubazione di aspirazione del motore endotermico. - Electric pump, or a flow control valve, to send the correct quantity of hydrogen into the intake pipe of the endothermic engine.
- Valvola/sensore di pressione nel serbatoio della soluzione per produrre idrogeno. - Pressure valve / sensor in the solution tank to produce hydrogen.
- Ventilatore di raffreddamento. - Cooling fan.
- Collegamento “sotto chiave” al cruscotto del veicolo. - Connection "under key" to the vehicle dashboard.
- Modulo Wi-Fi per inviare i dati ad un PC remoto o esterno. - Wi-Fi module to send data to a remote or external PC.
- Modulo GPS/GSM in cui il GPS permette l’utilizzo di dati di georeferenziazione del veicolo, mentre il GSM permette la trasmissione dati a pacchetto da remoto tramite scheda SIM card. - GPS / GSM module in which the GPS allows the use of vehicle georeferencing data, while the GSM allows remote packet data transmission via SIM card.
- Fusibile per proteggere il circuito da cortocircuiti o sovracorrenti. - Fuse to protect the circuit from short circuits or overcurrents.
- Schermo 8 per visualizzare tutte le informazioni ritenute necessarie, che preferibilmente non è wi-fi ma connesso via cavo all’apparato secondo la presente invenzione. - Screen 8 to display all the information deemed necessary, which is preferably not wi-fi but connected by cable to the apparatus according to the present invention.
Nel caso in cui il rilevatore di eccesso di idrogeno segnali alla CPU un’eccessiva concentrazione di idrogeno o la fuoriuscita di tale gas dal serbatoio, la CPU si attiva immediatamente per arrestare l’intero apparato. In the event that the excess hydrogen detector signals to the CPU an excessive concentration of hydrogen or the leakage of this gas from the tank, the CPU is activated immediately to stop the entire apparatus.
Se il rilevatore di temperatura nell’elettrolizzatore segnala un eccesso di temperatura, la CPU interviene fermando l’apparato fino al momento in cui l’eccesso di temperatura non rientra nei parametri previsti. If the temperature detector in the electrolyser signals an excess of temperature, the CPU intervenes by stopping the device until the excess temperature falls within the expected parameters.
Il rilevatore di giri/min del motore endotermico 1 è un dato accessorio che è sicuramente molto utile nel caso in cui sia possibile collegarlo. E’ però opportuno notare che è sempre preferibile prevedere un debimetro 3 in quanto è un elemento completamente “esterno” ai circuiti del veicolo e quindi sempre applicabile senza particolari difficoltà di installazione o di collegamento/compatibilità. The endothermic engine 1 rpm detector is a given accessory which is certainly very useful if it is possible to connect it. However, it should be noted that it is always preferable to provide a mass air flow meter 3 as it is an element completely "external" to the vehicle circuits and therefore always applicable without particular installation or connection / compatibility difficulties.
I dati forniti dal debimetro 3 sono utilizzati per una corretta programmazione della CPU che deve gestire l’apparato che produce l’idrogeno da inviare nel condotto di aspirazione del motore stesso. The data provided by the mass air flow meter 3 are used for correct programming of the CPU which must manage the apparatus that produces the hydrogen to be sent into the intake duct of the engine itself.
La presenza di una termoresistenza nel serbatoio garantisce il corretto funzionamento del trovato a regime anche in situazioni climatiche particolarmente fredde, consentendo alla CPU di eliminare l’eventuale presenza di ghiaccio nella soluzione. The presence of a thermoresistance in the tank guarantees the correct operation of the invention even in particularly cold climatic situations, allowing the CPU to eliminate any ice in the solution.
L’indicatore di livello liquido nel serbatoio segnala alla CPU l’eventuale mancanza di liquido in modo che la CPU interrompa il funzionamento dell’apparato rimasto senza soluzione per la produzione di idrogeno. The liquid level indicator in the tank signals to the CPU the possible lack of liquid so that the CPU interrupts the operation of the apparatus left without solution for the production of hydrogen.
La pompa elettrica, o la valvola di controllo della portata, è gestita dalla CPU per immettere la precisa quantità di idrogeno anche nel caso in cui ne vengano richieste dalla “linea di aspirazione” quantità variabili in un breve lasso di tempo. The electric pump, or the flow control valve, is managed by the CPU to introduce the precise quantity of hydrogen even if variable quantities are requested by the “suction line” in a short period of time.
La valvola/sensore di pressione nel serbatoio garantisce la sicurezza dello stesso nel caso di pressioni che superino quelle prestabilite e nel contempo mantiene costante la pressione (max 0,5 bar) prestabilita per il corretto funzionamento della pompa. The valve / pressure sensor in the tank guarantees the safety of the same in the case of pressures that exceed the preset ones and at the same time keeps the preset pressure constant (max 0.5 bar) for the correct operation of the pump.
Il ventilatore ha la funzione di raffreddare le componenti elettriche/elettroniche dell’apparato per garantirne un funzionamento costante. La CPU gestisce la “velocità” di detto ventilatore aumentandola/diminuendola in funzione dell’energia richiesta per la produzione del gas di idrogeno. The fan has the function of cooling the electrical / electronic components of the apparatus to ensure constant operation. The CPU manages the "speed" of said fan by increasing / decreasing it according to the energy required for the production of hydrogen gas.
Il collegamento “sotto chiave” segnala alla CPU che il motore endotermico è predisposto all’avviamento ma, secondo una ulteriore caratteristica peculiare della presente invenzione, la CPU attiva la produzione di idrogeno solo in combinazione con la lettura dei dati inviati dal debimetro. Ciò garantisce che non venga prodotto idrogeno che non sarà utilizzato “on-demand”. Tale ritrovato, garantisce una concreta sicurezza anche nel caso di incidenti in cui il motore endotermico risulti spento ma la chiave del “quadro comandi” in posizione di accensione (es. comportamento simile all’interruttore inerziale). The connection "under key" signals to the CPU that the internal combustion engine is ready for starting but, according to a further peculiar feature of the present invention, the CPU activates the production of hydrogen only in combination with the reading of the data sent by the mass air flow sensor. This ensures that no hydrogen is produced which will not be used "on demand". This invention guarantees concrete safety even in the event of accidents in which the internal combustion engine is turned off but the key of the "control panel" is in the ignition position (eg behavior similar to the inertial switch).
Il modulo Wi-Fi permette alla CPU un collegamento per la gestione dati a distanza, ad esempio tramite un PC remoto. The Wi-Fi module allows the CPU a connection for remote data management, for example via a remote PC.
Il modulo GPS/GSM consente alla CPU di rilevare la propria posizione e consente la gestione dati a distanza in assenza di reti Wi-Fi. The GPS / GSM module allows the CPU to detect its position and allows remote data management in the absence of Wi-Fi networks.
La presenza di un fusibile sulla linea di alimentazione dell’apparato, preserva la CPU da danni irreversibili. The presence of a fuse on the power supply line of the device protects the CPU from irreversible damage.
Lo schermo è collegato alla CPU e informa l’utente dei dati necessari al corretto utilizzo e funzionamento del sistema. The screen is connected to the CPU and informs the user of the data necessary for the correct use and operation of the system.
Sullo schermo vengono preferibilmente mostrati: - Tensione batteria. The screen preferably shows: - Battery voltage.
- Livello liquido nel serbatoio. - Liquid level in the tank.
- Ampere (assorbimento) - Ampere (absorption)
- PWM (percentuale) - PWM (percentage)
- Depressione “linea aspirazione” - "Suction line" depression
- Temperature della soluzione nel circuito - Allarmi (system on/off, livello batteria basso, rilevatore idrogeno nell’ambiente, livello serbatoio basso, limite generatore idrogeno, temperature elevata) - Temperature of the solution in the circuit - Alarms (system on / off, low battery level, hydrogen detector in the environment, low tank level, hydrogen generator limit, high temperatures)
Dal punto di vista del funzionamento, con riferimento alla figura 1, il dispositivo secondo la presente invenzione per la produzione e l’immissione di idrogeno nel condotto di aspirazione di un motore a combustione interna 1 comprende sostanzialmente un elettrolizzatore 4 con sistema multipiastra, funzionante sul principio dell'elettrolisi, ed un serbatoio 2 di acqua distillata, preferibilmente con una soluzione di idrossido di potassio o soda caustica o altro soluto in grado di aumentarne la conducibilità elettrica. From the point of view of operation, with reference to Figure 1, the device according to the present invention for the production and introduction of hydrogen into the intake duct of an internal combustion engine 1 substantially comprises an electrolyser 4 with a multi-plate system, operating on the principle of electrolysis, and a tank 2 of distilled water, preferably with a solution of potassium hydroxide or caustic soda or other solute capable of increasing its electrical conductivity.
Dal serbatoio 2 il liquido viene fatto passare, preferibilmente per gravità, attraverso le lamine metalliche che compongono l'elettrolizzatore 4. Tali lamine vengono pilotate da impulsi elettrici ad "onda quadra" tramite un "PWM" (Pulse-Width Modulation) comandato dalla CPU, allo scopo di ottenere la formazione di un gas detto comunemente ossidrogeno. From tank 2 the liquid is made to pass, preferably by gravity, through the metal sheets that make up the electrolyser 4. These sheets are driven by "square wave" electric pulses through a "PWM" (Pulse-Width Modulation) controlled by the CPU , in order to obtain the formation of a gas commonly called oxyhydrogen.
Il gas prodotto nell’elettrolizzatore 4 viene inviato nel serbatoio 2 dove, per un effetto detto "bubbler", il vapore che viene "catturato" subisce una parziale essiccazione prima di essere inviato verso il collettore di aspirazione C del motore endotermico 1. Un’ulteriore e definitiva essiccazione del gas viene ottenuta facendolo passare in un separatore di condensa 6. L'idrogeno così ottenuto viene immesso, tramite una tubazione 9 dotata di valvola di non ritorno 7, direttamente nel suddetto collettore di aspirazione C, arricchendone la carica esplosiva. The gas produced in the electrolyser 4 is sent to the tank 2 where, due to an effect called "bubbler", the vapor that is "captured" undergoes a partial drying before being sent to the intake manifold C of the internal combustion engine 1. A ' further and definitive drying of the gas is obtained by passing it through a condensate separator 6. The hydrogen thus obtained is introduced, through a pipe 9 equipped with a non-return valve 7, directly into the aforementioned intake manifold C, enriching its explosive charge.
La CPU, in funzione dei dati forniti dal debimetro 3 e di eventuali altri dati del motore e/o del veicolo, stabilisce la quantità di idrogeno da iniettare nel collettore stesso. The CPU, according to the data supplied by the mass air flow meter 3 and any other data from the engine and / or vehicle, establishes the quantity of hydrogen to be injected into the manifold itself.
La CPU è anche collegata ad altri sensori rilevano eventuali anomalie e una connessione "sotto chiave" per garantire il funzionamento soltanto a veicolo avviato. L'apparecchiatura è dotata di un display 8 per la visualizzazione delle informazioni a riguardo del regolare funzionamento, dei consumi e delle prestazioni istantanee. The CPU is also connected to other sensors, they detect any anomalies and a connection "under key" to guarantee operation only when the vehicle is started. The appliance is equipped with a display 8 for viewing information regarding regular operation, consumption and instantaneous performance.
Claims (16)
Priority Applications (4)
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IT000653A ITRM20130653A1 (en) | 2013-11-26 | 2013-11-26 | CONTROLLED AND INSTANTANEOUS PRODUCTION SYSTEM OF HYDROGEN TO BE INPUT IN THE SUCTION DUCT OF AN ENDOTHERMAL ENGINE |
CN201480074083.7A CN106062254A (en) | 2013-11-26 | 2014-11-26 | An apparatus for controlled and instantaneous production of hydrogen to be introduced into the intake duct of an internal-combustion engine |
EP14833178.8A EP3090077A1 (en) | 2013-11-26 | 2014-11-26 | An apparatus for controlled and instantaneous production of hydrogen to be introduced into the intake duct of an internal-combustion engine |
PCT/IB2014/002927 WO2015079316A1 (en) | 2013-11-26 | 2014-11-26 | An apparatus for controlled and instantaneous production of hydrogen to be introduced into the intake duct of an internal-combustion engine |
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IT000653A ITRM20130653A1 (en) | 2013-11-26 | 2013-11-26 | CONTROLLED AND INSTANTANEOUS PRODUCTION SYSTEM OF HYDROGEN TO BE INPUT IN THE SUCTION DUCT OF AN ENDOTHERMAL ENGINE |
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EP (1) | EP3090077A1 (en) |
CN (1) | CN106062254A (en) |
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KR20190132563A (en) | 2012-02-27 | 2019-11-27 | 디이이씨 아이엔씨 | Oxygen-rich plasma generators for boosting internal combustion engines |
ITUB20155791A1 (en) * | 2015-11-20 | 2017-05-20 | H1 Elective Srls | Device for improving the efficiency of combustion of solid, liquid and gaseous fuels / fuels, aimed at improving energy yield and the environmental profile by reducing or eliminating products that are harmful to health |
GB201602690D0 (en) * | 2016-02-16 | 2016-03-30 | Neill Kevin J P O | Hydrogen fuel generator and its method of use |
JP7129339B2 (en) | 2016-03-07 | 2022-09-01 | ハイテック パワー,インコーポレーテッド | Method for generating and distributing secondary fuel for internal combustion engine |
CN109891079B (en) * | 2016-10-20 | 2022-02-22 | 戴内瑟特股份公司 | Management system and method for regulating on-demand electrolytic production of hydrogen and oxygen injected into a combustion engine |
DK179195B1 (en) * | 2016-11-18 | 2018-01-22 | Hydrive Aps | Method of cleaning an internal combustion engine and system therefore |
CN107672439B (en) * | 2017-08-18 | 2020-10-27 | 广东卓梅尼技术股份有限公司 | Hydrogen hybrid power integrated control system |
US20190234348A1 (en) | 2018-01-29 | 2019-08-01 | Hytech Power, Llc | Ultra Low HHO Injection |
IT201800004733A1 (en) * | 2018-04-19 | 2019-10-19 | "KIT FOR THE ELECTRO-CHEMICAL PRODUCTION OF A MIX OF HYDROGEN AND OXYGEN FOR THE POWER SUPPLY OF ENDOTHERMAL ENGINES" | |
IT202200008465A1 (en) | 2022-04-28 | 2023-10-28 | Nicola Santoro | Fuel system for internal combustion engines with electrolytically produced oxyhydrogen gas |
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US20060180101A1 (en) * | 2005-02-16 | 2006-08-17 | Monette Gregory R | Hydrogen-oxygen production device |
WO2011136291A1 (en) * | 2010-04-28 | 2011-11-03 | Yamamori Takashi | Engine system with electrolysis tank |
WO2012126443A1 (en) * | 2011-03-23 | 2012-09-27 | Ecoenergy Liberec, S.R.O. | Hydrogen drive of combustion engine |
WO2013032496A1 (en) * | 2011-09-02 | 2013-03-07 | Donald Wade Owens | Hydrogen supplemental system for on-demand hydrogen generation for internal combustion engines |
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EP2246437A1 (en) * | 2009-04-28 | 2010-11-03 | Sekab E-Technology AB | Fermentation |
CN101705884B (en) * | 2009-11-06 | 2012-07-04 | 北京理工大学 | Equipment for calibrating flow rate characteristic of fuel gas nozzle |
CN101813040B (en) * | 2010-03-23 | 2012-07-25 | 重庆沛达氢能科技有限公司 | Hydrogen and oxygen combustion-supporting energy-saving intelligent control system device for internal combustion engine |
CN102518531B (en) * | 2011-12-05 | 2016-01-06 | 北京理工大学 | A kind of fuel supply device of intake port injection hydrogen internal combustion engine and controlling method thereof |
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2013
- 2013-11-26 IT IT000653A patent/ITRM20130653A1/en unknown
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2014
- 2014-11-26 CN CN201480074083.7A patent/CN106062254A/en active Pending
- 2014-11-26 EP EP14833178.8A patent/EP3090077A1/en not_active Withdrawn
- 2014-11-26 WO PCT/IB2014/002927 patent/WO2015079316A1/en active Application Filing
Patent Citations (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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US20060180101A1 (en) * | 2005-02-16 | 2006-08-17 | Monette Gregory R | Hydrogen-oxygen production device |
WO2011136291A1 (en) * | 2010-04-28 | 2011-11-03 | Yamamori Takashi | Engine system with electrolysis tank |
WO2012126443A1 (en) * | 2011-03-23 | 2012-09-27 | Ecoenergy Liberec, S.R.O. | Hydrogen drive of combustion engine |
WO2013032496A1 (en) * | 2011-09-02 | 2013-03-07 | Donald Wade Owens | Hydrogen supplemental system for on-demand hydrogen generation for internal combustion engines |
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CN106062254A (en) | 2016-10-26 |
WO2015079316A1 (en) | 2015-06-04 |
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