ITPS20100001A1 - INJECTOR STRUCTURE - BURNER FOR WOOD BOILER IN REVERSE FLAME - Google Patents

Description

DESCRIPTION

accompanying the patent application for an industrial invention concerning

TITLE

INJECTOR-BURNER STRUCTURE

FOR INVERTED FLAME WOOD-BURNING BOILERS

SUMMARY

Structure of injector-burner for inverted flame wood boilers, comprising cylindrical element (15) closed by an upper head (16) through which a plurality of lores (J 7) are made, describing at least one ring with respective inclined development according to the same principle for adduction of combustion gas (6) and primary flow (12) of combustion air, upper band (18) of the inner shell of said cylindrical element (15) made of refractory material and inner band t i 9) of the inner shell of said element shaped cylinders (15) pi uri perforated (20) for secondary flow adduction (13, 14, 21) of combustion air.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION

Scope of the technique

The cheapest fuel for powering boilers is wood and / or its derivatives, which allows for savings in! 30-50% also in relation to the usual boilers. Among the wood-fired boilers »those with inverted or inverse flame find effective use due to the considerable autonomy they are able to allow.

In fact, the boilers of this type are loaded from above, with the possibility of storing considerable volumes of wood "which, when packed into the fuel store, is fed to the burner automatically by simple fall, using a technology that pushes the flame downwards, consistent in the creation of a depression that draws the flame;

for this purpose, a suction motor is used on the side of the combustion chamber, at the fumes outlet, and / or a blower motor placed on the side of the fuel supply warehouse, so as to create a primary flow of combustion air, often integrated by a secondary flow of combustion air with its own supply path to the burner.

The burner is usually constituted, according to the known art, by a refractory stone which has a slit in the center from which the flame comes out; the embers rest directly on this stone, which divides the upper fuel store from the lower combustion chamber,

11 fuels, in its descent downwards, due to the consumption of the one below the! which consecutively takes its place, begins to gasify, where the gasification parameter and its regularity are dictated by the quantity of combustion agent burned into the gasification area by the primary flow and by the [<'> any secondary flow.

The flame develops in the lower combustion chamber, where heat exchangers are provided, which extend into the flue gas exhaust ducts, to exploit the heat produced.

Aims of the invention

The main purpose of the present invention is therefore, in the framework provided above, that of providing a new and innovative means for improving the quality of the flame in boilers with inverted or reverse flame fired with wood, in order to maximize their yield.

Another object of the present invention is to achieve the preceding object by means of a device which can be applied to any type of boiler, even if not expressly provided.

Further purpose of the! The present invention is that of achieving the preceding objects by means of a simple and effective device, safe in operation and of relatively cheap cost in consideration of the results practically achieved with it.

Abstract summary of the solution concept

These and still other objects are all achieved with the injector-burner structure for inverted flame wood boilers according to the present invention, comprising shaped cylinder element (15) closed by an upper head (16) through which a plurality of bulls (17) are practically ) describing at least one ring with respective inclined development according to the same principle for combustion gas supply (6) and <(> primary flow (12) of combustion air, upper band (18) of the inner cladding of said cylindrical element (15) constituted made of refractory material and lower band (19) of the internal mantle of said multi-perforated cylindrical element (15) (20) for the secondary flow (13, 14. 21) of combustion air.

identification of the attached drawings

Further characteristics and advantages of the injector-burner structure for inverted flame wood boilers according to the present invention will become more evident from the following detailed description of a preferred but not exclusive embodiment thereof, represented only by way of non-limiting example in the number six tables of drawings attached, in which:

Figure 1 shows a schematic vertical section of an inverted flame wood boiler comprising the injector-burner structure according to the present invention:

Figure 2 shows a top perspective view of the injector-burner structure for inverted flame wood-fired boilers according to the present invention;

Figure 3 shows a bottom perspective view of the injector-burner structure for inverted flame wood boilers according to the present invention;

Figure 4 shows a plan view of the inject structure of a re-burner for inverted flame wood boilers according to the present invention:

Figure 5 shows a cross-sectional view of the injector burner structure for boilers a

Figure tì shows a cross-sectional view of a constituent element of the injector-burner structure for inverted flame boilers according to the present invention.

Figure 7 shows a plan sectional view of a constituent element of the injector-burner structure for inverted flame wood boilers according to the present invention.

Static description of the example of realization

With reference to these figures, and in particular to Figure I, the number 1 indicates as a whole an inverted flame wood boiler, schematically illustrated in vertical section, comprising the structure of a reader-burner according to the present invention, indicated in a whole with 2,

The boiler ! . for what is revealed here, it is, among other things, made up of a warehouse 3 de! fuel, or wood, not shown, inserted through a front door 4 and placed on the brazier 5. above which the gas and action zone 6 is located,

The plane of the brazier 5, in which the injector-burner structure 2 according to the present invention is set, divides the fuel magazine 3 from the underlying combustion chamber 7. within which the flame 8 develops, above a heat exchange surface. *). ; Heat exchangers IO depart from the combustion chamber 4. through which the fumes are recalled by two aspirators 11, which place the whole complex in depression. ; The air drawn in by the aspirators I! it is divided in its origin into a primary flow, sucked from the outside through an upper intake 12, which enters the fuel store 3, and a secondary flow, sucked from the outside through a lower intake 13, which enters a duct 14, leading to the injector-burner structure 2 according to the present invention. The burner-reader structure 2 according to the present invention is constituted by a cylindrical element 15, closed by an upper head 16 (see in particular figure 2), formed by a metal plate, preferably made of cast iron, indicated f with the same reference 16. set in the plane of the brazier 5, through which a plurality of holes 17 with circular section are made, describing as a whole at least one ring and shaped with respective inclined development according to the same principle, so that on the opposite faces of the plate 16 the holes 17 enter and flow out with an elliptical shape (see in particular Figure 4). ; The leaves above 18 de! internal shell of the cylindrical element 15 is made of refractory material, indicated with the same reference 18. while the lower band 19 of the cylindrical internal shell 15 has a plurality of holes 20, communicating with an internal annular chamber, into which two unions enter 21 connected to the duct 14 of the lower air intake 13, for the functions subsequently described above. ; The angle a of inclination of the holes 17 of the head 16 is 45 (quanmtacrtque) nonagesimal degrees with respect to the parallel surfaces thereof, in the preferred example of embodiment described (see figure 6), but it can inevitably vary from 30 (thirty) to 60 (sixty) nonagesimal degrees. ; The angle β between the tangents, at the points of equidistance from the foci, to the opening and blurring ellipses of two holes 1? consecutive, on the superfluous parallels of the head 16, is 50 (c pollutes) nonagesimal degrees in the preferred example of embodiment described (see figure 7), but it can inevitably vary from 20 (twenty) to 60 (sixty) nonagesimal degrees. for the functions that are passed to specify. Dynamic description of the exemplary embodiment Having thus completed the static description of a preferred exemplary embodiment of the burner injector * structure for inverted flame wood boilers according to the present invention, as follows in fact the dynamic one passes to operate, or the relative functioning:

the combustion gases, which are generated in the gasification area 6 of the warehouse 3. poor in oxygen and still rich in carbon, pass through the embers placed on the surface of the brazier 5 and then enter the equi-incined holes 17 of the Itì plate of the injector-burner 1 according to the present invention, swirling into the cylindrical element 15.

The vortex thus generated is invested there by the secondary air flow exiting all from the holes 20 of the lower band 19 de! inner mantle of the cylindrical element 15, homogeneously combining with it.

The secondary air flow coming out of the holes 20 also enhances the vortexity impressed by the holes 17 on the flow of combustion gases, resulting below it generates a highly and homogeneously oxygenated flame 8, tending to blue, which escaping from the injector structure burner 2 according to the present invention invades the combustion chamber 7.

The injector-burner structure 2 according to the present invention thus creates in the lower chamber 7 of COITI busi on and a strong turbulence and homogeneity of mixing and mixing, which results in a more complete and effective combustion.

Implementation alternatives

It is obvious that in further alternative embodiments still falling within the concept of solution underlying the example of embodiment illustrated above and claimed below, the injector-burner structure for inverted flame wood boilers according to the present invention can be materialized with technical equivalents and mechanical, or accompanied by further supplementary measures, as well as all the conformations of the relative constituents can be varied in a manner suitable for the purpose.

Advantages of the invention

As is evident from the above detailed description of a preferred embodiment example and from the reference made above to some embodiments, the injector-burner structure for inverted flame wood boilers according to the present invention offers the advantages corresponding to the achievement of the prefixed purposes and others still;

with the whirling balanced supply of primary combustion air from ETalto and secondary from the side, achieved thanks to the injector-burner structure for inverted flame wood boilers according to the present invention, the process of transformation of cellulose into simpler compounds is optimized, characteristic of the "inverted flame '' or" reverse flame "combustion process, which burn in the underlying combustion chamber with a flame very similar to that of methane gas, maximizing efficiency.

Scope of the protection invoked

Having thus described the burner sector structure for inverted flame wood boilers according to the present invention with reference to a preferred embodiment thereof, it will be obvious to want to protect all possible embodiments with variants of normal implementation for experts. of the sector, which do not modify the invention without departing from the purposes envisaged therein; by this it is meant, both in the foregoing description and in the following claims, to protect all the embodiments and variants that fall within the concept of solution, within the spirit and purposes of the invention itself.

Claims (4)

CLAIMS 1) Structure of a reader-burner for inverted flame wood boilers, characterized in that it comprises a cylindrical element (15) closed by an upper head (16) through which a plurality of holes (17) describing at least one ring are made respective inclined development according to the same principle for combustion gas supply (6) and primary flow (12) of combustion air, upper band (18) dd internal shell of said cylindrical element (15) made of refractory material and lower band (19) of the inner shell of said cylindrical-shaped element (15) with multiple perforations (20) for the secondary flow (13, 14, 21) of combustion air. 2) Injector-burner structure for inverted flame wood boilers as per the first claim, characterized in that it comprises: a metal plate (16), preferably made of cast iron, set in the plane of the brazier (5), through which a plurality of holes (17) with a circular section are made, describing as a whole at least one ring and having a respective inclined development according to the same principle, so that on the opposite faces of the plate (16) the holes (17) enter and flow out with an elliptical shape; a cylindrical element (15) to which said plate (16) acts as a head, the inner skirt of which is divided into two superimposed bands (18. 19); a ring of refractory material (18) constituting the upper band (18) of the inner skirt of said cylindrical element (15); a ring (19) of holes (20). constituting the lower band (19) of the inner shell of said cylindrical element (15), communicating with an internal annular chamber within which they enter two unions (21) connected to the duct (14) of the secondary combustion air intake. 3) Structure of injector-burner for inverted flame wood boilers as per second claim, characterized by the fact that the angle (a) of inclination of the lores (17) of the head (16) is 45 (fortyacnquc) degrees nonagesimal with respect to its parallel surfaces. 4) Structure of injector-burner for inverted flame wood boilers as per second claim, characterized by the fact that the angle (a) of inclination of the lori (17) of the head {16) is between 30 (thirty ) and 60 (sixty) degrees nonagesimall with respect to the parallel surfaces of this. Structure of injector-burner for inverted flame wood boilers as per the second claim, characterized by the fact that the angle (J5) between you is tangent. in the points of equidistance from the fires, to the ellipses of the mouth and opening of two consecutive holes (17), on the parallel surfaces of the head (16). it is 50 (five) nonagesimal degrees. 6) Injector-burner structure for inverted flame wood boilers as per second claim, characterized by the fact that the angle (β) between the tangents. in the points of equidistance from the foci, to the ellipses of the opening and blurring of two consecutive holes (17), on the parallel surfaces of the head {Ϊ 6), it is between 120 (vènti) and 60 (sixty) nonagesimal degrees. 7T) Injector-burner structure for inverted flame wood boilers according to the preceding claims, characterized by the fact that it is made of any material suitable for the purpose. 8) Injector-burner structure for inverted flame wood boilers according to the preceding claims and substantially as described and illustrated in the attached drawings and for the specified purposes. LEGEND OF THE NUMBERS l) boiler in its 2) structure of injector-burner according to the present invention as a whole 3) warehouse of the e 4) front door for feeding the 5) brazier 6) gasification area 7> combustion chamber 8) flame 9) heat exchange surface 10} heat exchangers re) aspirators 12) upper air intake of the primary air flow 13) lower air intake of the secondary air flow 14) secondary air flow duct that leads to the injector-burner 15) cylindrical element of the injector-burner 16) upper head of the injector-burner 17) inclined holes of the upper head 18) upper band of the internal mantle of the cylindrical element 19) lower band of the internal mantle of the cylindrical element 20) holes in the lower band of the inner shell of the cylindrical element 21> openings of the cylindrical element a) angle of inclination of the holes of the head with respect to the parallel surfaces of this angle between the tangents in the points of equidistance from the foci to the ellipses of the opening and turning out of two consecutive holes on the parallel surfaces of the head