ITFI20120050A1 - EQUIPMENT TO REPAIR THE SLOPES OF A STRAIGHT SHIP. - Google Patents

EQUIPMENT TO REPAIR THE SLOPES OF A STRAIGHT SHIP. Download PDF

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ITFI20120050A1
ITFI20120050A1 IT000050A ITFI20120050A ITFI20120050A1 IT FI20120050 A1 ITFI20120050 A1 IT FI20120050A1 IT 000050 A IT000050 A IT 000050A IT FI20120050 A ITFI20120050 A IT FI20120050A IT FI20120050 A1 ITFI20120050 A1 IT FI20120050A1
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mole
ship
equipment
repair
keel
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IT000050A
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Italian (it)
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Raoul Cangemi
Gianni Cerzoso
D'ancona Pier Lorenzo Levi
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Raoul Cangemi
Gianni Cerzoso
Levi D Ancona Pier Lorenzo
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Application filed by Raoul Cangemi, Gianni Cerzoso, Levi D Ancona Pier Lorenzo filed Critical Raoul Cangemi
Priority to IT000050A priority Critical patent/ITFI20120050A1/en
Publication of ITFI20120050A1 publication Critical patent/ITFI20120050A1/en

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    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B63SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; RELATED EQUIPMENT
    • B63CLAUNCHING, HAULING-OUT, OR DRY-DOCKING OF VESSELS; LIFE-SAVING IN WATER; EQUIPMENT FOR DWELLING OR WORKING UNDER WATER; MEANS FOR SALVAGING OR SEARCHING FOR UNDERWATER OBJECTS
    • B63C7/00Salvaging of disabled, stranded, or sunken vessels; Salvaging of vessel parts or furnishings, e.g. of safes; Salvaging of other underwater objects
    • B63C7/16Apparatus engaging vessels or objects
    • B63C7/22Apparatus engaging vessels or objects using electromagnets or suction devices
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B63SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; RELATED EQUIPMENT
    • B63BSHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; EQUIPMENT FOR SHIPPING 
    • B63B81/00Repairing or maintaining vessels
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B63SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; RELATED EQUIPMENT
    • B63CLAUNCHING, HAULING-OUT, OR DRY-DOCKING OF VESSELS; LIFE-SAVING IN WATER; EQUIPMENT FOR DWELLING OR WORKING UNDER WATER; MEANS FOR SALVAGING OR SEARCHING FOR UNDERWATER OBJECTS
    • B63C11/00Equipment for dwelling or working underwater; Means for searching for underwater objects
    • B63C11/52Tools specially adapted for working underwater, not otherwise provided for
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B63SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; RELATED EQUIPMENT
    • B63CLAUNCHING, HAULING-OUT, OR DRY-DOCKING OF VESSELS; LIFE-SAVING IN WATER; EQUIPMENT FOR DWELLING OR WORKING UNDER WATER; MEANS FOR SALVAGING OR SEARCHING FOR UNDERWATER OBJECTS
    • B63C7/00Salvaging of disabled, stranded, or sunken vessels; Salvaging of vessel parts or furnishings, e.g. of safes; Salvaging of other underwater objects
    • B63C7/06Salvaging of disabled, stranded, or sunken vessels; Salvaging of vessel parts or furnishings, e.g. of safes; Salvaging of other underwater objects in which lifting action is generated in or adjacent to vessels or objects
    • B63C7/12Salvaging of disabled, stranded, or sunken vessels; Salvaging of vessel parts or furnishings, e.g. of safes; Salvaging of other underwater objects in which lifting action is generated in or adjacent to vessels or objects by bringing air or floating bodies or material into vessels or objects
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B63SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; RELATED EQUIPMENT
    • B63CLAUNCHING, HAULING-OUT, OR DRY-DOCKING OF VESSELS; LIFE-SAVING IN WATER; EQUIPMENT FOR DWELLING OR WORKING UNDER WATER; MEANS FOR SALVAGING OR SEARCHING FOR UNDERWATER OBJECTS
    • B63C7/00Salvaging of disabled, stranded, or sunken vessels; Salvaging of vessel parts or furnishings, e.g. of safes; Salvaging of other underwater objects
    • B63C7/24Apparatus for passing chains or the like under vessels or objects
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B63SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; RELATED EQUIPMENT
    • B63CLAUNCHING, HAULING-OUT, OR DRY-DOCKING OF VESSELS; LIFE-SAVING IN WATER; EQUIPMENT FOR DWELLING OR WORKING UNDER WATER; MEANS FOR SALVAGING OR SEARCHING FOR UNDERWATER OBJECTS
    • B63C7/00Salvaging of disabled, stranded, or sunken vessels; Salvaging of vessel parts or furnishings, e.g. of safes; Salvaging of other underwater objects
    • B63C7/28Refloating stranded vessels
    • EFIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E21EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
    • E21BEARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
    • E21B7/00Special methods or apparatus for drilling
    • E21B7/12Underwater drilling
    • E21B7/124Underwater drilling with underwater tool drive prime mover, e.g. portable drilling rigs for use on underwater floors
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B63SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; RELATED EQUIPMENT
    • B63BSHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; EQUIPMENT FOR SHIPPING 
    • B63B35/00Vessels or similar floating structures specially adapted for specific purposes and not otherwise provided for
    • B63B2035/006Unmanned surface vessels, e.g. remotely controlled
    • B63B2035/008Unmanned surface vessels, e.g. remotely controlled remotely controlled
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B63SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; RELATED EQUIPMENT
    • B63CLAUNCHING, HAULING-OUT, OR DRY-DOCKING OF VESSELS; LIFE-SAVING IN WATER; EQUIPMENT FOR DWELLING OR WORKING UNDER WATER; MEANS FOR SALVAGING OR SEARCHING FOR UNDERWATER OBJECTS
    • B63C7/00Salvaging of disabled, stranded, or sunken vessels; Salvaging of vessel parts or furnishings, e.g. of safes; Salvaging of other underwater objects
    • B63C7/06Salvaging of disabled, stranded, or sunken vessels; Salvaging of vessel parts or furnishings, e.g. of safes; Salvaging of other underwater objects in which lifting action is generated in or adjacent to vessels or objects
    • B63C7/12Salvaging of disabled, stranded, or sunken vessels; Salvaging of vessel parts or furnishings, e.g. of safes; Salvaging of other underwater objects in which lifting action is generated in or adjacent to vessels or objects by bringing air or floating bodies or material into vessels or objects
    • B63C2007/125Salvaging of disabled, stranded, or sunken vessels; Salvaging of vessel parts or furnishings, e.g. of safes; Salvaging of other underwater objects in which lifting action is generated in or adjacent to vessels or objects by bringing air or floating bodies or material into vessels or objects using buoyant masses, e.g. foams, or a large plurality of small buoyant objects

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Ocean & Marine Engineering (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Electromagnetism (AREA)
  • Mining & Mineral Resources (AREA)
  • Geology (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
  • Fluid Mechanics (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Geochemistry & Mineralogy (AREA)
  • Application Of Or Painting With Fluid Materials (AREA)
  • Prevention Of Electric Corrosion (AREA)
  • Laying Of Electric Cables Or Lines Outside (AREA)

Description

DESCRIZIONE DESCRIPTION

“ATTREZZATURA PER RIPARARE LE FALLE DI UNA NAVE INCAGLIATA”, "EQUIPMENT TO REPAIR THE LEAKS OF A Aground SHIP",

RIASSUNTO: Eseguite le fasi preparatorie, si entra con la talpa tra scafo e sabbia per tagliare le parti esuberanti della falla e presentarvi l'assieme di lamiere ferromagnetiche, fissarlo alla falla con gli elettromagneti, per poi saldarla mediante minicariche sfalsate di termite. La talpa porterà i cavi sotto la nave, che si raddrizzerà, poi, aggrappandosi con argani ai moli sottomarini. ABSTRACT: Once the preparatory steps have been carried out, you enter the mole between the hull and the sand to cut the exuberant parts of the leak and present the assembly of ferromagnetic sheets, fix it to the leak with the electromagnets, and then weld it using staggered thermite mini-charges. The mole will carry the cables under the ship, which will then straighten itself, clinging with winches to the submarine docks.

DESCRIZIONE: Attrezzatura per riparare le falle dì una nave incagliata a mezzo di una talpa entrante fra lo scafo e la sabbia sottostante: allo stato attuale della tecnica, i metodi di disincaglia mento erano troppo laboriosi e con pericoli di danni alle strutture: ingegnosi quelli per salvare le Andrea Doria e la Leonardo da Vinci, ma più idoneo quello de ing. Russo, consistente nel costruire una controcarena (tavole di legno degradanti verso i bordi), e dall'altra parte i cassoni da 300 tons della San Giorgio. Invece del Costoso bacino di carenaggio del Ferrati, egli agisce dall'interno mediante strisce di telone gommato saldate, per insufflarci aria compressa: in entrambi, la spinta idrostatica può scardinare la nave. Altri utilizzavano per il raddrizzamento navi molo; una affondata, l'altra in tiro verso l'alto, agendo su cremagliere fissate alla carena. Non è così nel nostro caso, in cui la talpa presenta la lamiera a nave incagliata, per poi saldarcela a mezzo di minicariche di termite sfalsate per il raffreddamento: DESCRIPTION: Equipment to repair the leaks of a ship stranded by means of a mole entering between the hull and the underlying sand: in the current state of the art, the methods of dislodging were too laborious and with the danger of damage to the structures: ingenious those for save the Andrea Doria and Leonardo da Vinci, but the one de ing. Russo, consisting in building a counter-hull (wooden planks sloping towards the edges), and on the other side the 300-ton caissons of the San Giorgio. Instead of the costly dry dock of the Ferrati, he acts from the inside by means of welded rubber tarpaulin strips, to blow in compressed air: in both, the buoyancy can unhinge the ship. Others used wharf ships for righting; one sunk, the other pulling upwards, acting on racks fixed to the hull. This is not the case in our case, in which the mole presents the sheet as a ship aground, and then welds it to us by means of staggered termite mini-charges for cooling:

A) dinamica del disastro della Costa Crociere: A) dynamics of the Costa Cruises disaster:

Con riferimento alla Tav. 1A, nel virare attorno all’Isola del Giglio, la nave ( 1 ) urtò lateralmente sullo scoglio, frangendo le lamiere (24) Tav. 1C. anche sotto alle paratie divisorie (K. L, M) fra le camere stagne (22, 23, 24) Tav. 1A) che furono allagate; il Capitano virò di bordo (Tav, 2°) portando la nave verso l'Isola del Giglio, ove essa si rovesciò in senso opposto alla falla (Tav. 1C. La nave prima si è piegata di 45°, poi si è adagiata sul fondo melmoso, come a Tav. 1C. Ad ogni passaggio di altra nave, il fondo melmoso creava torbide. With reference to Table 1A, in veering around the Island of Giglio, the ship (1) struck sideways on the rock, breaking the sheets (24) Table 1C. also under the dividing bulkheads (K. L, M) between the sealed chambers (22, 23, 24) Plate 1A) which were flooded; the Captain veered aboard (Tav, 2 °) bringing the ship towards the Island of Giglio, where it overturned in the opposite direction to the leak (Plate 1C. The ship first bent 45 °, then lay down on the muddy bottom, as in Plate 1C. At each passage of another ship, the muddy bottom created turbid.

B) rilevamento tridimensionale della falla; se la falla è sotto il fondale. B) three-dimensional detection of the flaw; if the leak is under the seabed.

allo scopo di eseguire un insieme di lamiere atte ad otturare la falla, si posizionerà nel punto (A) (Tav. 1 B) l'apparecchio (3) di misurazione a scanner: a seconda della necessità, si rileverà la distanza temporale de eco o la distanza interferometria. impiegando (per esempio) raggi laser o ultrasonici (la cui difficoltà consiste nel passaggio del raggio delle sonde fra aria ed acqua); si memorizzano le varie posizioni scannerizzate. per poi riportarle sul controstampo della macchina piegatrice di lamiere; nel caso della Costa Concordia, invece, la falla (24), Tav. 1C. è facilmente accessibile dal di sopra dello scafo rovesciato e può essere scannerizzata tramite il rilevamento stereoscopico in aerofotogrammetria. in order to perform a set of sheets suitable for filling the leak, the scanner measuring device (3) will be positioned in point (A) (Table 1 B): depending on the need, the temporal distance of the echo will be detected or the interferometry distance. using (for example) laser or ultrasonic rays (the difficulty of which consists in the passage of the beam of the probes between air and water); the various scanned positions are stored. and then return them to the counter-mold of the sheet metal bending machine; in the case of the Costa Concordia, however, the leak (24), Table 1C. it is easily accessible from above the inverted hull and can be scanned through stereoscopic aerial photogrammetry.

C) base preparatoria preliminare: C) preliminary preparatory basis:

I } - Chiudere tutte le coperture di murata; I} - Close all the side covers;

II) - Costruire dei pontoni galleggianti per il sostegno degli elettrocompressori e delle strutture di foratura e di saldatura, comprendendo il ponte di barche per l'accesso. II) - Build floating pontoons to support electro-compressors and drilling and welding structures, including the boat deck for access.

III) - Costruire un pontone per l’alloggio del personale e per l'uso della talpa. III) - Build a pontoon for staff accommodation and for the use of the mole.

IV) - Nel caso della nave coricata su di un lato, come è il caso della Costa Concordia. si procederà come per il punto D). Nel caso di una nave con falla posta Ira il galleggiamento ed il fondale, il rilevamento tridimensionale della falla potrà essere eseguilo dal di fuori a mezzo di palombari muniti di sistemi di rilevamento e fissati alla nave con appositi sostegni. Si eseguirà quindi la dima tridimensionale. onde poter piegare le lamiere come a Tav. 1D, preparante il comando numerico del moto talpa. IV) - In the case of the ship lying on its side, as is the case with the Costa Concordia. we will proceed as per point D). In the case of a ship with a leak between the buoyancy and the seabed, the three-dimensional detection of the leak can be carried out from the outside by means of divers equipped with detection systems and fixed to the ship with special supports. The three-dimensional template will then be made. in order to be able to bend the sheets as in Table 1D, preparing the numerical command of the mole motion.

V) - Si contrappeserà quindi la parie superiore della nave a mezzo di zavorre solide o liquide poste in opposizione alla falla. V) - The upper part of the ship will then be counterbalanced by means of solid or liquid ballasts placed in opposition to the leak.

VI) - Mediante i solili magneti o elettromagneti (6. 7. 8. 9) di Tav. 1C si fisserà alla falla la lamiera (23) di tamponamento. Tav. 11). semmai con l'ausilio di spintori oleodinamici (forza circa 1 bar ogni 10 tons di spinta interna). VI) - By means of the single magnets or electromagnets (6. 7. 8. 9) of Table 1C, the plugging plate (23) will be fixed to the hole. Table 11). if anything with the help of hydraulic pushers (force about 1 bar every 10 tons of internal thrust).

VII) - Si avvicinano ai bordi della falla da riparare, dei mini-ballini di polvere mista di granelli di ossido di ferro e di alluminio diametro 1 mm., per un peso di circa 1 kg. cadauno, posti sfalsati di un ballino cadauno, e si fisseranno alla parete dello scafo a mezzo di potenti elettromagneti con batterie; la presenza della talpa potrà essere in ogni caso di aiuto; si procederà quindi alla saldatura della piastra riparatrice, raffreddata dal piombo del tubo ( 19) Tav. 1C, VII) - Mini-balls of powder mixed with grains of iron oxide and aluminum with a diameter of 1 mm approach the edges of the flaw to be repaired, weighing about 1 kg. each, staggered seats of a dancer each, and will be fixed to the hull wall by means of powerful electromagnets with batteries; the presence of the mole can be of help in any case; we will then proceed with the welding of the repair plate, cooled by the lead of the pipe (19) Table 1C,

D) intervento di riparazione della falla e fasi preliminari di raddrizzamento: D) repair of the flaw and preliminary straightening phases:

I) Ove sia possibile raddrizzare economicamente la nave, si può coadiuvare la riparazione mediante insufflazione di aria compressa nel padiglione, dopo di aver formato un giunto stagno fra l'orlo del padiglione e lo scafo, onde abbassare il livello d’acqua nel medesimo, fino al disincaglio; allo scopo si provvederà un telone gommato spesso 10 mm. a strisce di 1 metro di larghezza, rastremato a poppa e a prua, assicurandolo allo scafo, con i terminali assicurati a mezzo di robuste golfare di acciaio saldate o inchiavardate o ala cinta (52). o subito sotto ad essa Tav. 1B; si ridurranno con minuscole cariche di tritolo le sovrastrutture esuberanti rispetto alla volta del padiglione. Si fisserà alla nave una cremagliera per lato, allo scopo di raddrizzarla a mezzo di aggrappi a moli(50 e 51 ), o di falsi moli, costituiti da una nave affondata ed una galleggiante, che si aggrappino alla cremagliera (54) Tav. 1C a mezzo di argani, onde raddrizzarla: per i falsi moli, il Russo utilizzava tanti tavoloni debitamente impilati sotto al fianco ab bassato della chiglia; noi consigliamo, invece, ove necessario, dei veri moli (50, 51 ), costituiti da cassoni di circa 30 tons, come a Tav. 1C. trasportati vuoti dalla gru galleggiante (53), gettati sul sito e poi riempiti di cemento o di sabbia; ma attenzione, calcolare esattamente la spinta intema per non scardinare la nave! Ove le riparazioni siano terminate, si potrà pompare via l'acqua dalla nave. II) Caso della chiglia sommersa nella melma fangosa. I) Where it is possible to economically straighten the ship, the repair can be assisted by blowing compressed air into the pavilion, after having formed a watertight joint between the edge of the pavilion and the hull, in order to lower the water level in the same, up to the release; for this purpose a 10 mm thick rubber tarpaulin will be provided. in strips 1 meter wide, tapered at the stern and bow, securing it to the hull, with the terminals secured by means of strong welded or bolted steel eyebolts or girdled wing (52). or immediately below it Table 1B; the exuberant superstructures compared to the vault of the pavilion will be reduced with tiny charges of TNT. A rack on each side will be fixed to the ship, in order to straighten it by means of clinging to piers (50 and 51), or of false piers, consisting of a sunken ship and a floating one, which cling to the rack (54) Table 1C by means of winches, in order to straighten it: for the false piers, the Russo used many planks duly stacked under the lowered side of the keel; we recommend, however, where necessary, real piers (50, 51), consisting of caissons of about 30 tons, as in Table 1C. transported empty by the floating crane (53), thrown on the site and then filled with concrete or sand; but be careful, calculate exactly the internal thrust so as not to unhinge the ship! When the repairs are finished, the water can be pumped out of the ship. II) Case of the keel submerged in the muddy slime.

A seconda della natura dello strappo, è da preferire il coprire la falla (24) mediante la piastra (23) Tav, 2C. secondo il profilo originale (24 Tav. 1C). lasciando all’interno le lamiere piegate; oppure seguire il profilo della lamiera strappata (24) Depending on the nature of the tear, it is preferable to cover the gap (24) by means of the plate (23) Tav, 2C. according to the original profile (24 Plate 1C). leaving the folded sheets inside; or follow the profile of the torn sheet (24)

IIa) Intervento coadiuvante della talpa. IIa) Adjuvant intervention of the mole.

Allo scopo si utilizzerà la talpa (5), consistente nella guaina flessibile (4) Tavv 2A e 2B. con all’interno la corda (27) con eventuali cardani (25) collegati in testa alla talpa (5); lo slittamento fra talpa (spinta dalla sabbia) e la carena, sarà ottenuto tramite piastre in teflon (23), e l’aderenza, dai magneti (6, 7, 8, 9) o da elettromagneti; quando è in posizione, essi assicureranno l’aderenza alle lamiere (24) e (26) deHo scafo (1); detti magneti o elettromagneti saranno posizionati con motoriduttori (10, 11, 12, 13), e dotati di frizione rotativa (14, 15, 16, 17) allo scopo di orientarli al contatto con le lamiere, prima di essere energizzati elettricamente dalla talpa; fissata inferiormente alla guaina (4), vi sarà fissato il tappetino di teflon (23), onde assicurare la guida e lo scorrimento della guaina (4), semmai infilandoli in guide preventivamente saldate allo scafo; detto tappetino avrà sotto guarnizioni tubolari in ferro (19) Tav. 1C. La talpa avanzerà fra scafo e fondo melmoso, guidata dai cilindri rotativi ortogonali fra loro (20) e (21). In posizione, la testina perforatrice (22) sarà fissata alla lamiera dello scafo a mezzo degli elettromagneti (6, 7, 8, 9): quindi la talpa verrà, volta volta, posizionata e poi retratta sia per la scalpellinatura dei bordi della falla, sia per l’introduzione delle cariche di tritolo per eliminare il grosso, che per posizionare le lamiere riparatrici, che per apportare i materiali di saldatura. Alternativamente le lamiere riparatrici possono essere magnetiche e fatte scorrere lungo la lamiera della nave, fino a ricoprire la falla. For this purpose, the mole (5), consisting of the flexible sheath (4) Tavv 2A and 2B, will be used. with the rope (27) inside with any cardans (25) connected at the head of the mole (5); the slippage between the mole (pushed by the sand) and the hull will be obtained by means of Teflon plates (23), and the adhesion, by magnets (6, 7, 8, 9) or by electromagnets; when it is in position, they will ensure adherence to the plates (24) and (26) of the hull (1); said magnets or electromagnets will be positioned with gearmotors (10, 11, 12, 13), and equipped with a rotary clutch (14, 15, 16, 17) in order to orient them in contact with the sheets, before being electrically energized by the mole; fixed below the sheath (4), the Teflon mat (23) will be fixed to it, in order to ensure the guide and sliding of the sheath (4), if anything by inserting them into guides previously welded to the hull; said mat will have tubular iron gaskets underneath (19) Table 1C. The mole will advance between the hull and the muddy bottom, guided by the orthogonal rotary cylinders (20) and (21). In position, the drilling head (22) will be fixed to the sheet metal of the hull by means of the electromagnets (6, 7, 8, 9): then the mole will be turned, positioned and then retracted both for chiselling the edges of the hole, both for the introduction of TNT charges to eliminate the bulk, and to position the repairing plates, and to add the welding materials. Alternatively, the repair plates can be magnetic and made to slide along the ship's plate, up to cover the leak.

E) Fase di saldature del lamierone alla falla: E) Welding phase of the sheet metal to the leak:

Mentre, seppur difficoltosa, la saldatura in immersione marina a fiamma ossiacetilenica è possibile, e quella al laser troppo piccola, sotto sabbia nessuno era riuscito a saldare; non è cosi con la talpa, che presenterà ai bordi da saldare sia i ballini di polvere ferromagnetica che quelli di termite da circa 1 chilo; i minincendi a 1-200° C non distorceranno le lamiere, dato che le guarnizioni in acciaio tubolare conterranno polvere o pezzetti di piombo fondente a 327° C con intermittenti valvole di sfiato; la talpa sarà guidata in posizione dai rulli motorizzati (20 e 21), a mezzo di comando numerico basato sul rilevamento, e da sensori sullo scafo. Saranno di ausilio mensole presaldate sullo scafo. While, although difficult, oxyacetylene flame marine immersion welding is possible, and laser welding is too small, no one had been able to weld in sand; this is not the case with the mole, which will present at the edges to be welded both the ferromagnetic dust and the thermite balls of about 1 kilo; mini fires at 1-200 ° C will not distort the sheets, since the tubular steel gaskets will contain dust or pieces of melting lead at 327 ° C with intermittent vent valves; the mole will be guided into position by the motorized rollers (20 and 21), by means of numerical control based on the detection, and by sensors on the hull. Pre-welded shelves on the hull will help.

E) Fase finale di raddrizzamento dello scafo: E) Final straightening phase of the hull:

Ove possibile, si pomperà via l’acqua dalle camere superiori e poi più basse, rese stagne; altrimenti, una volta fissata la talpa (5) allo scafo, mediante giunto con guarnizione di tenuta. e debitamente aggrappata alle mensole presenti sullo scafo, se ne utilizzerà la guaina (4) Tav. 2B per insufflare (a mo’ di cerbottana) attraverso l’oblò (22) nella camera allagata, dei sacchi pieni di palline di polistirolo espanso che passino in detta guaina (4): la nave si raddrizzerà progressivamente, senza perciò che le strutture risultino danneggiate, con continuo monitoraggio; come ausilio, si utilizzeranno dei finti moli posati dal pontone-gru (53) Tav. 1C: cavi, essi, verranno riempiti in posizione (50) e (51) mediante colatura cemento idraulico o di sabbia; con dei cavi, essi si tireranno tramite argani aggrappati alla nave, cioè alle sue cremagliere dentate (54) e (55) saldate alla carena della nave; sarà così possibile agire gradatamente, utilizzando la fase iniziale di raddrizzamento per completarla sotto mare, o aperto, pompando via via acqua al di fuori della nave, e/o insufflandovi le palline leggere. Where possible, the water will be pumped out from the upper and then lower chambers, made watertight; otherwise, once the mole (5) has been fixed to the hull, by means of a joint with a sealing gasket. and duly attached to the shelves on the hull, the sheath (4) Plate 2B will be used to blow (like a blowpipe) through the porthole (22) into the flooded chamber, bags full of expanded polystyrene balls that pass through in said sheath (4): the ship will straighten progressively, without therefore the structures being damaged, with continuous monitoring; as an aid, fake piers laid by the pontoon-crane will be used (53) Table 1C: cables, they will be filled in position (50) and (51) by pouring hydraulic cement or sand; with cables, they will be pulled by means of winches clinging to the ship, ie to its toothed racks (54) and (55) welded to the ship's hull; it will thus be possible to act gradually, using the initial straightening phase to complete it under the sea, or in the open, gradually pumping water out of the ship, and / or blowing the light balls into it.

CONCLUSIONE: Non stiamo mai troppo a lodare il presente trovato: finalmente sarà possibile riparare la nave nella posizione di affondamento! Il posizionamento e la saldatura delle lamiere di riparazione della falla potranno essere effettuata in sito; la talpa, alleggerito lo scafo, funzionerà da cerbottana per le palline di polistirolo e potrà pompare vìa l'acqua; così lo scafo si raddrizzerà senza pericoli di danneggiare le infrastrutture. L'intervento tempestivo impedirà che affondamento della nave progredisca nel tempo. Dopo il primo raddrizzamento, sarà possibile eseguire il resto della riparazione fuori dal fango; ma per primo questo trovato è riuscito a far passare sotto la pesante nave i cavi di tiro e le attrezzature di riparazione, grazie all'azione erosiva della talpa. CONCLUSION: We never praise this invention too much: it will finally be possible to repair the ship in the sinking position! The positioning and welding of the flaw repair plates can be carried out on site; the mole, having lightened the hull, will function as a blowgun for the polystyrene balls and will be able to pump the water away; thus the hull will straighten without danger of damaging the infrastructure. Timely intervention will prevent sinking of the ship from progressing over time. After the first straightening, it will be possible to carry out the rest of the repair out of the mud; but this invention was the first to make the pulling cables and repair equipment pass under the heavy ship, thanks to the erosive action of the mole.

Claims (5)

IVENDICAZIONI: 1 ) Attrezzatura per riparare la falla di una nave incagliata, caratterizzato dalla presenza di una talpa atta ad operare prima acqua, poi fra il fondale e la chiglia, caratterizzato da ciò che la talpa, con il proprio tubo flessibile raccordato alla piattaforma galleggiante, porli il pianale di scorrimento verso la chiglia: trascini il piastrone di riparazione, porti gli elettromagneti con batteria o i magneti per il fissaggio alla chiglia del piastrone e delle cariche di esplosivo; porti i materiali saldanti, gli scalpelli rifinitura falla, semmai abbandonati sul posto da elettromagneti o magneti. Caratterizzato da ciò che il tubo di collegamento della talpa agisca da cerbottana per Finsufflamento delle palline leggere per ralleggerimento della nave, semmai con ausilio in trazione di finti moli. CLAIMS: 1) Equipment to repair the leak of a stranded ship, characterized by the presence of a mole able to operate first water, then between the seabed and the keel, characterized by what the mole, with its own flexible hose connected to the floating platform, place them the sliding platform towards the keel: drag the repair plate, carry the electromagnets with battery or the magnets for fixing the plate and the explosive charges to the keel; bring the welding materials, the flake finishing chisels, if anything abandoned in place by electromagnets or magnets. Characterized by the fact that the connecting tube of the mole acts as a blowgun for the blowing of the light balls to lighten the ship, if anything with help in traction of fake piers. 2) Attrezzatura come rivendicato in (1). in cui la talpa sia guidata da un comando numerico agente sugli organi ne avanzamento, sia alleggerita da camere stagne. e sia fatta avanzare da rulli rugosi, uno perpendicolare e uno parallelo alla chiglia. 2) Equipment as claimed in (1). in which the mole is guided by a numerical command acting on the moving parts, and lightened by airtight chambers. and is advanced by rough rollers, one perpendicular and one parallel to the keel. 3) Attrezzatura come su rivendicato, in cui la saldatura del piastrone riparazione falla sia ottenuto mediante cariche con innesco di polvere di termite, semmai sfalsate per riscaldare meno, e portate in sito dalla talpa. 3) Equipment as claimed above, in which the welding of the flap repair plastron is obtained by means of charges with primer of termite powder, if anything staggered to heat less, and carried on site by the mole. 4) Attrezzatura come sopra rivendicalo, in cui la guarnizione tubolare posta sotto alla piastra di tamponamento falla contenga polvere di materia che fonda a bassa temperatura, quali il piombo. 4) Equipment as claimed above, in which the tubular gasket placed under the infill plate contains powder of matter which melts at low temperatures, such as lead. 5) Attrezzatura come sopra rivendicato, in cui i finti moli atti a coadiuvare il raddrizzamento nave, mediante argani di traino dei cavi di aggrappo, consistano in cassoni cavi riempiti di sostanze pesanti quando affondati.5) Equipment as claimed above, in which the dummy piers suitable for assisting the straightening of the ship, by means of towing winches of the clinging cables, consist of hollow caissons filled with heavy substances when sunk.
IT000050A 2012-03-13 2012-03-13 EQUIPMENT TO REPAIR THE SLOPES OF A STRAIGHT SHIP. ITFI20120050A1 (en)

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US3822660A (en) * 1973-01-08 1974-07-09 Fmc Corp Method and apparatus for salvaging a sunken vessel
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