Claims (13)
1. Postupak za proizvodnju eksplozivne smjese amonijevog nitrata/loživog ulja, naznačen time da postupak sadrži:
• primješavanje ulja sa vodom da se dobije gorivo koje sadrži emulziju;
• uvođenje ozona u emulziju, tako da se dobije ozonirana emulzija; te
• primješavanje u ozoniranu emulziju krutih čestica amonijevog nitrata da se emulzija absorbira u amonijevom nitratu, te se tako dobiva eksploziv na bazi amonijevog nitrata/loživog ulja.1. Process for the production of an explosive mixture of ammonium nitrate/fuel oil, characterized by the fact that the process contains:
• mixing oil with water to obtain fuel containing an emulsion;
• introducing ozone into the emulsion, so that an ozonated emulsion is obtained; you
• mixing solid particles of ammonium nitrate into the ozonated emulsion so that the emulsion is absorbed in the ammonium nitrate, thus obtaining an explosive based on ammonium nitrate/fuel oil.
2. Postupak prema zahtjevu 1, naznačen time da se uvođenje ozona u emulziju sastoji od uvođenja ozona u mjehurićima ili provođenja plina koji sadrži ozon kroz emulziju.2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that introducing ozone into the emulsion consists of introducing ozone in bubbles or passing gas containing ozone through the emulsion.
3. Postupak prema zahtjevu 1 ili zahtjevu 2, naznačen time da se uvođenje ozona u emulziju provodi tijekom razdoblja obrade u trajanju od 1 sata do 24 sata.3. The method according to claim 1 or claim 2, characterized in that the introduction of ozone into the emulsion is carried out during the processing period lasting from 1 hour to 24 hours.
4. Postupak prema bilo kojem od prethodnih zahtjeva, naznačen time da se uvođenje ozona u emulziju odvija istovremeno uz dodavanje ulja i vode.4. The process according to any of the preceding claims, characterized in that the introduction of ozone into the emulsion takes place simultaneously with the addition of oil and water.
5. Postupak prema bilo kojem od prethodnih zahtjeva, naznačen time da se koristi dovoljno ulja tako da ulje čini 50% do 98% masenih dijelova emulzije.5. A process according to any of the preceding claims, characterized in that sufficient oil is used so that the oil constitutes 50% to 98% of the mass parts of the emulsion.
6. Postupak prema bilo kojem od prethodnih zahtjeva, naznačen time da je ulje iskorišteno ulje za podmazivanje.6. The method according to any of the preceding claims, characterized in that the oil used is lubricating oil.
7. Postupak prema zahtjevu 6, naznačen time da se dodavanje ulja i vode provodi u prisutnosti surfaktanta, te surfaktant tvori od 0.2% do 1.0% masenih emulzije.7. The method according to claim 6, characterized in that the addition of oil and water is carried out in the presence of surfactant, and the surfactant forms from 0.2% to 1.0% by mass of the emulsion.
8. Postupak prema zahtjevu 7, naznačen time da se barem dio surfaktanta osigurava sa uljem.8. The method according to claim 7, characterized in that at least part of the surfactant is provided with oil.
9. Postupak prema bilo kojem od prethodnih zahtjeva, naznačen time da su relativni udjeli emulzije i amonijevog nitrata koji se koriste, takvi da ulje tvori od 2.5% do 22% masenih u eksplozivu.9. The method according to any of the preceding claims, characterized in that the relative proportions of emulsion and ammonium nitrate used are such that the oil forms from 2.5% to 22% by mass in the explosive.
10. Postupak prema bilo kojem od prethodnih zahtjeva, naznačen time da su čestice amonijevog nitrata u obliku poroznog amonijevog nitrata u obliku mikrogranula.10. The method according to any of the preceding claims, characterized in that the ammonium nitrate particles are in the form of porous ammonium nitrate in the form of microgranules.
11. Postupak prema zahtjevu 10, naznačen time da se porozni amonijev nitrat u obliku mikrogranula koristi u omjeru prema gorivu od 98:2 do 78:22 masenih.11. The method according to claim 10, characterized in that porous ammonium nitrate in the form of microgranules is used in a ratio to fuel of 98:2 to 78:22 by mass.
12. Postupak prema zahtjevu 10 ili zahtjevu 11, naznačen time da se primješavanje ozonirane emulzije sa poroznim amonijevim nitratom u obliku mikrogranula provodi raspršivanjem emulzije na amonijev nitrat dok se amonijev nitrat pomiče uzdužno pomoću žljebova na pužu.12. The method according to claim 10 or claim 11, characterized in that the mixing of the ozonated emulsion with porous ammonium nitrate in the form of microgranules is carried out by spraying the emulsion on the ammonium nitrate while the ammonium nitrate moves longitudinally using the grooves on the screw.
13. Postupak prema zahtjevu 10 ili zahtjevu 11, naznačen time da se primješavanje stabilizirane emulzije sa poroznim amonijevim nitratom u obliku mikrogranula provodi u mješalici za beton.13. The method according to claim 10 or claim 11, characterized in that mixing the stabilized emulsion with porous ammonium nitrate in the form of microgranules is carried out in a concrete mixer.