GB986042A - Improvements in or relating to optical systems - Google Patents

Improvements in or relating to optical systems

Info

Publication number
GB986042A
GB986042A GB24013/63A GB2401363A GB986042A GB 986042 A GB986042 A GB 986042A GB 24013/63 A GB24013/63 A GB 24013/63A GB 2401363 A GB2401363 A GB 2401363A GB 986042 A GB986042 A GB 986042A
Authority
GB
United Kingdom
Prior art keywords
light
prism
active medium
conductor
ruby
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired
Application number
GB24013/63A
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Philips Electronics UK Ltd
Original Assignee
Philips Electronic and Associated Industries Ltd
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Philips Electronic and Associated Industries Ltd filed Critical Philips Electronic and Associated Industries Ltd
Publication of GB986042A publication Critical patent/GB986042A/en
Expired legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01S—DEVICES USING THE PROCESS OF LIGHT AMPLIFICATION BY STIMULATED EMISSION OF RADIATION [LASER] TO AMPLIFY OR GENERATE LIGHT; DEVICES USING STIMULATED EMISSION OF ELECTROMAGNETIC RADIATION IN WAVE RANGES OTHER THAN OPTICAL
    • H01S3/00—Lasers, i.e. devices using stimulated emission of electromagnetic radiation in the infrared, visible or ultraviolet wave range
    • H01S3/05—Construction or shape of optical resonators; Accommodation of active medium therein; Shape of active medium
    • H01S3/08—Construction or shape of optical resonators or components thereof
    • H01S3/081—Construction or shape of optical resonators or components thereof comprising three or more reflectors
    • H01S3/083—Ring lasers
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B6/00—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings
    • G02B6/24—Coupling light guides
    • G02B6/26—Optical coupling means
    • G02B6/34—Optical coupling means utilising prism or grating
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B6/00—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings
    • G02B6/24—Coupling light guides
    • G02B6/42—Coupling light guides with opto-electronic elements
    • G02B6/4201—Packages, e.g. shape, construction, internal or external details
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B6/00—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings
    • G02B6/24—Coupling light guides
    • G02B6/42—Coupling light guides with opto-electronic elements
    • G02B6/4201—Packages, e.g. shape, construction, internal or external details
    • G02B6/4202—Packages, e.g. shape, construction, internal or external details for coupling an active element with fibres without intermediate optical elements, e.g. fibres with plane ends, fibres with shaped ends, bundles
    • G02B6/4203—Optical features
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B6/00—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings
    • G02B6/24—Coupling light guides
    • G02B6/42—Coupling light guides with opto-electronic elements
    • G02B6/4201—Packages, e.g. shape, construction, internal or external details
    • G02B6/4204—Packages, e.g. shape, construction, internal or external details the coupling comprising intermediate optical elements, e.g. lenses, holograms
    • G02B6/4206—Optical features
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B6/00—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings
    • G02B6/24—Coupling light guides
    • G02B6/42—Coupling light guides with opto-electronic elements
    • G02B6/4298—Coupling light guides with opto-electronic elements coupling with non-coherent light sources and/or radiation detectors, e.g. lamps, incandescent bulbs, scintillation chambers
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
    • H01L31/00—Semiconductor devices sensitive to infrared radiation, light, electromagnetic radiation of shorter wavelength or corpuscular radiation and specially adapted either for the conversion of the energy of such radiation into electrical energy or for the control of electrical energy by such radiation; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment thereof or of parts thereof; Details thereof
    • H01L31/02—Details
    • H01L31/0232—Optical elements or arrangements associated with the device
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
    • H01L31/00—Semiconductor devices sensitive to infrared radiation, light, electromagnetic radiation of shorter wavelength or corpuscular radiation and specially adapted either for the conversion of the energy of such radiation into electrical energy or for the control of electrical energy by such radiation; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment thereof or of parts thereof; Details thereof
    • H01L31/02—Details
    • H01L31/0232—Optical elements or arrangements associated with the device
    • H01L31/02327—Optical elements or arrangements associated with the device the optical elements being integrated or being directly associated to the device, e.g. back reflectors
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01S—DEVICES USING THE PROCESS OF LIGHT AMPLIFICATION BY STIMULATED EMISSION OF RADIATION [LASER] TO AMPLIFY OR GENERATE LIGHT; DEVICES USING STIMULATED EMISSION OF ELECTROMAGNETIC RADIATION IN WAVE RANGES OTHER THAN OPTICAL
    • H01S3/00—Lasers, i.e. devices using stimulated emission of electromagnetic radiation in the infrared, visible or ultraviolet wave range
    • H01S3/05—Construction or shape of optical resonators; Accommodation of active medium therein; Shape of active medium
    • H01S3/06—Construction or shape of active medium
    • H01S3/0602—Crystal lasers or glass lasers
    • H01S3/0606—Crystal lasers or glass lasers with polygonal cross-section, e.g. slab, prism
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01S—DEVICES USING THE PROCESS OF LIGHT AMPLIFICATION BY STIMULATED EMISSION OF RADIATION [LASER] TO AMPLIFY OR GENERATE LIGHT; DEVICES USING STIMULATED EMISSION OF ELECTROMAGNETIC RADIATION IN WAVE RANGES OTHER THAN OPTICAL
    • H01S3/00—Lasers, i.e. devices using stimulated emission of electromagnetic radiation in the infrared, visible or ultraviolet wave range
    • H01S3/05—Construction or shape of optical resonators; Accommodation of active medium therein; Shape of active medium
    • H01S3/08—Construction or shape of optical resonators or components thereof
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01S—DEVICES USING THE PROCESS OF LIGHT AMPLIFICATION BY STIMULATED EMISSION OF RADIATION [LASER] TO AMPLIFY OR GENERATE LIGHT; DEVICES USING STIMULATED EMISSION OF ELECTROMAGNETIC RADIATION IN WAVE RANGES OTHER THAN OPTICAL
    • H01S3/00—Lasers, i.e. devices using stimulated emission of electromagnetic radiation in the infrared, visible or ultraviolet wave range
    • H01S3/09—Processes or apparatus for excitation, e.g. pumping
    • H01S3/091—Processes or apparatus for excitation, e.g. pumping using optical pumping
    • H01S3/0915—Processes or apparatus for excitation, e.g. pumping using optical pumping by incoherent light
    • H01S3/092—Processes or apparatus for excitation, e.g. pumping using optical pumping by incoherent light of flash lamp
    • H01S3/093—Processes or apparatus for excitation, e.g. pumping using optical pumping by incoherent light of flash lamp focusing or directing the excitation energy into the active medium
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01S—DEVICES USING THE PROCESS OF LIGHT AMPLIFICATION BY STIMULATED EMISSION OF RADIATION [LASER] TO AMPLIFY OR GENERATE LIGHT; DEVICES USING STIMULATED EMISSION OF ELECTROMAGNETIC RADIATION IN WAVE RANGES OTHER THAN OPTICAL
    • H01S3/00—Lasers, i.e. devices using stimulated emission of electromagnetic radiation in the infrared, visible or ultraviolet wave range
    • H01S3/05—Construction or shape of optical resonators; Accommodation of active medium therein; Shape of active medium
    • H01S3/06—Construction or shape of active medium
    • H01S3/0602—Crystal lasers or glass lasers
    • H01S3/0615—Shape of end-face
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01S—DEVICES USING THE PROCESS OF LIGHT AMPLIFICATION BY STIMULATED EMISSION OF RADIATION [LASER] TO AMPLIFY OR GENERATE LIGHT; DEVICES USING STIMULATED EMISSION OF ELECTROMAGNETIC RADIATION IN WAVE RANGES OTHER THAN OPTICAL
    • H01S3/00—Lasers, i.e. devices using stimulated emission of electromagnetic radiation in the infrared, visible or ultraviolet wave range
    • H01S3/05—Construction or shape of optical resonators; Accommodation of active medium therein; Shape of active medium
    • H01S3/08—Construction or shape of optical resonators or components thereof
    • H01S3/08059—Constructional details of the reflector, e.g. shape
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01S—DEVICES USING THE PROCESS OF LIGHT AMPLIFICATION BY STIMULATED EMISSION OF RADIATION [LASER] TO AMPLIFY OR GENERATE LIGHT; DEVICES USING STIMULATED EMISSION OF ELECTROMAGNETIC RADIATION IN WAVE RANGES OTHER THAN OPTICAL
    • H01S3/00—Lasers, i.e. devices using stimulated emission of electromagnetic radiation in the infrared, visible or ultraviolet wave range
    • H01S3/10—Controlling the intensity, frequency, phase, polarisation or direction of the emitted radiation, e.g. switching, gating, modulating or demodulating
    • H01S3/105—Controlling the intensity, frequency, phase, polarisation or direction of the emitted radiation, e.g. switching, gating, modulating or demodulating by controlling the mutual position or the reflecting properties of the reflectors of the cavity, e.g. by controlling the cavity length

Abstract

986,042. Light guide. PHILIPS ELECTRONIC & ASSOCIATED INDUSTRIES Ltd. June 17, 1963 [June 20, 1962], No. 24013/63. Heading G2J. [Also in Division H3] Light from a source 25, Fig. 2, is transmitted from the thick end 26 to the thin end 23 of a wedgeshaped light conductor 20 by reflection between the converging surfaces 21, 27, the transmitted light being emitted at a side face of the conductor adjacent the thin end where it activates an optical maser or a thermistor bolometer. As applied to an optical maser, the light source 25 may be an Xenon discharge tube, a potassium vapour lamp or a high pressure mercury vapour lamp. The light conductor 20 is formed of heavy flint glass with a refraction index of 1. 9, and the thick end 26 may have either a plane or a convex surface. Fig. 1 shows the light conductor in end elevation, in association with the active medium 1 of an optical maser consisting of uranium or samarium activated calcium fluoride or chromium activated ruby formed with right prism end reflecting surfaces 2, 3. The coherent light output is obtained through a further prism 14 which is spaced from prism 3 by a layer 15 of low refractive index, the layer being air if the active medium is ruby and the prism 14 is silicon, and MgF 2 if the active medium has a higher refractive index than ruby. The layer has a thickness of about 5000 A if of air to give a reflection-transmission ratio of about 100: 1. A mirror 16 may be provided against one face of the prism 14 to obtain an emerging beam in only one direction. A modification is shown in Fig. 3 for use where the active medium 30 has poor absorption of the pumping radiation, the emergent light from the conductor 20 being reflected between the axial faces of the active medium as it transverses the length of the body. In this embodiment one end 32 of the medium is plane and partially transparent. A radiation sensitive device is shown in Fig. 4 in which a thermistor bolometer 40 is associated with a light conducting wedge 41 having one surface 42 curved to approximate to the arc of a circle.
GB24013/63A 1962-06-20 1963-06-17 Improvements in or relating to optical systems Expired GB986042A (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US20397262A 1962-06-20 1962-06-20

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
GB986042A true GB986042A (en) 1965-03-17

Family

ID=22756047

Family Applications (2)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
GB24013/63A Expired GB986042A (en) 1962-06-20 1963-06-17 Improvements in or relating to optical systems
GB24012/63A Expired GB1006804A (en) 1962-06-20 1963-06-17 Improvements in or relating to lasers

Family Applications After (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
GB24012/63A Expired GB1006804A (en) 1962-06-20 1963-06-17 Improvements in or relating to lasers

Country Status (8)

Country Link
AT (2) AT240909B (en)
BE (2) BE633759A (en)
CH (2) CH436770A (en)
DE (2) DE1464314A1 (en)
DK (1) DK106620C (en)
FR (2) FR1362805A (en)
GB (2) GB986042A (en)
SE (1) SE313128B (en)

Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4004249A (en) * 1976-01-22 1977-01-18 General Motors Corporation Optical waveguide laser pumped by guided electromagnetic wave
EP0136871A2 (en) * 1983-09-30 1985-04-10 The Board Of Trustees Of The Leland Stanford Junior University Fiber optic amplifier
US7852560B2 (en) 1993-12-21 2010-12-14 3M Innovative Properties Company Display incorporating reflective polarizer

Families Citing this family (13)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3500240A (en) * 1964-11-30 1970-03-10 Us Navy Simple traveling wave laser using total - internal - reflection resonator
US3538453A (en) * 1966-11-28 1970-11-03 Wendell S Miller Frustrated total internal reflection laser system
DE2654465C3 (en) * 1976-12-01 1981-12-03 Erwin Sick Gmbh Optik-Elektronik, 7808 Waldkirch Mixing chamber in the form of an internally mirrored optical channel
DE3013302A1 (en) * 1980-04-05 1981-10-08 Eltro GmbH, Gesellschaft für Strahlungstechnik, 6900 Heidelberg WAVE LADDER LASER WITH FRUSTRATION ELEMENT
YU45229B (en) * 1985-02-04 1992-05-28 Iskra Sozd Elektro Indus Monomode laser device
JPS62195601A (en) * 1985-09-20 1987-08-28 Nissho Giken Kk Optical direction converter
US6002829A (en) 1992-03-23 1999-12-14 Minnesota Mining And Manufacturing Company Luminaire device
US5528720A (en) 1992-03-23 1996-06-18 Minnesota Mining And Manufacturing Co. Tapered multilayer luminaire devices
NL9301115A (en) * 1993-06-25 1995-01-16 Eduardus Franciscus Antonius T Optical waveguide system provided with rigid optical waveguides
US6096375A (en) 1993-12-21 2000-08-01 3M Innovative Properties Company Optical polarizer
DE69626124T2 (en) 1995-06-26 2003-10-09 Minnesota Mining & Mfg DIFFUS REFLECTIVE MULTILAYER POLARIZERS AND MIRRORS
JP4471522B2 (en) * 2000-03-15 2010-06-02 浜松ホトニクス株式会社 Condensing component and light source module, laser device and optical signal amplification device using the same
CN102495462B (en) * 2006-07-26 2016-02-17 空间设计股份有限公司 For transmitting the method and apparatus of the radiation pressure that light wave provides

Cited By (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4004249A (en) * 1976-01-22 1977-01-18 General Motors Corporation Optical waveguide laser pumped by guided electromagnetic wave
EP0136871A2 (en) * 1983-09-30 1985-04-10 The Board Of Trustees Of The Leland Stanford Junior University Fiber optic amplifier
EP0136871A3 (en) * 1983-09-30 1986-09-10 The Board Of Trustees Of The Leland Stanford Junior University Fiber optic amplifier
US7852560B2 (en) 1993-12-21 2010-12-14 3M Innovative Properties Company Display incorporating reflective polarizer

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
FR1363539A (en) 1964-06-12
DE1464314A1 (en) 1969-09-04
CH426037A (en) 1966-12-15
SE313128B (en) 1969-08-04
AT247916B (en) 1966-07-11
BE633758A (en) 1900-01-01
FR1362805A (en) 1964-06-05
DE1464313A1 (en) 1969-10-23
DK106620C (en) 1967-02-27
CH436770A (en) 1967-05-31
AT240909B (en) 1965-06-25
GB1006804A (en) 1965-10-06
BE633759A (en) 1900-01-01

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