GB2554414A - Liquid preparation for use in dialysis - Google Patents

Liquid preparation for use in dialysis Download PDF

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Publication number
GB2554414A
GB2554414A GB1616307.3A GB201616307A GB2554414A GB 2554414 A GB2554414 A GB 2554414A GB 201616307 A GB201616307 A GB 201616307A GB 2554414 A GB2554414 A GB 2554414A
Authority
GB
United Kingdom
Prior art keywords
liquid
reservoir
gas
dialysis machine
water
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
GB1616307.3A
Other versions
GB201616307D0 (en
Inventor
Thomas Edward Springate James
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Quanta Dialysis Technologies Ltd
Original Assignee
Quanta Dialysis Technologies Ltd
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Quanta Dialysis Technologies Ltd filed Critical Quanta Dialysis Technologies Ltd
Priority to GB1616307.3A priority Critical patent/GB2554414A/en
Publication of GB201616307D0 publication Critical patent/GB201616307D0/en
Publication of GB2554414A publication Critical patent/GB2554414A/en
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61M—DEVICES FOR INTRODUCING MEDIA INTO, OR ONTO, THE BODY; DEVICES FOR TRANSDUCING BODY MEDIA OR FOR TAKING MEDIA FROM THE BODY; DEVICES FOR PRODUCING OR ENDING SLEEP OR STUPOR
    • A61M5/00—Devices for bringing media into the body in a subcutaneous, intra-vascular or intramuscular way; Accessories therefor, e.g. filling or cleaning devices, arm-rests
    • A61M5/44—Devices for bringing media into the body in a subcutaneous, intra-vascular or intramuscular way; Accessories therefor, e.g. filling or cleaning devices, arm-rests having means for cooling or heating the devices or media
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61M—DEVICES FOR INTRODUCING MEDIA INTO, OR ONTO, THE BODY; DEVICES FOR TRANSDUCING BODY MEDIA OR FOR TAKING MEDIA FROM THE BODY; DEVICES FOR PRODUCING OR ENDING SLEEP OR STUPOR
    • A61M1/00—Suction or pumping devices for medical purposes; Devices for carrying-off, for treatment of, or for carrying-over, body-liquids; Drainage systems
    • A61M1/14—Dialysis systems; Artificial kidneys; Blood oxygenators ; Reciprocating systems for treatment of body fluids, e.g. single needle systems for hemofiltration or pheresis
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61M—DEVICES FOR INTRODUCING MEDIA INTO, OR ONTO, THE BODY; DEVICES FOR TRANSDUCING BODY MEDIA OR FOR TAKING MEDIA FROM THE BODY; DEVICES FOR PRODUCING OR ENDING SLEEP OR STUPOR
    • A61M1/00—Suction or pumping devices for medical purposes; Devices for carrying-off, for treatment of, or for carrying-over, body-liquids; Drainage systems
    • A61M1/14—Dialysis systems; Artificial kidneys; Blood oxygenators ; Reciprocating systems for treatment of body fluids, e.g. single needle systems for hemofiltration or pheresis
    • A61M1/16—Dialysis systems; Artificial kidneys; Blood oxygenators ; Reciprocating systems for treatment of body fluids, e.g. single needle systems for hemofiltration or pheresis with membranes
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61M—DEVICES FOR INTRODUCING MEDIA INTO, OR ONTO, THE BODY; DEVICES FOR TRANSDUCING BODY MEDIA OR FOR TAKING MEDIA FROM THE BODY; DEVICES FOR PRODUCING OR ENDING SLEEP OR STUPOR
    • A61M1/00—Suction or pumping devices for medical purposes; Devices for carrying-off, for treatment of, or for carrying-over, body-liquids; Drainage systems
    • A61M1/14—Dialysis systems; Artificial kidneys; Blood oxygenators ; Reciprocating systems for treatment of body fluids, e.g. single needle systems for hemofiltration or pheresis
    • A61M1/16—Dialysis systems; Artificial kidneys; Blood oxygenators ; Reciprocating systems for treatment of body fluids, e.g. single needle systems for hemofiltration or pheresis with membranes
    • A61M1/1601—Control or regulation
    • A61M1/1603—Regulation parameters
    • A61M1/1605—Physical characteristics of the dialysate fluid
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61M—DEVICES FOR INTRODUCING MEDIA INTO, OR ONTO, THE BODY; DEVICES FOR TRANSDUCING BODY MEDIA OR FOR TAKING MEDIA FROM THE BODY; DEVICES FOR PRODUCING OR ENDING SLEEP OR STUPOR
    • A61M1/00—Suction or pumping devices for medical purposes; Devices for carrying-off, for treatment of, or for carrying-over, body-liquids; Drainage systems
    • A61M1/14—Dialysis systems; Artificial kidneys; Blood oxygenators ; Reciprocating systems for treatment of body fluids, e.g. single needle systems for hemofiltration or pheresis
    • A61M1/16—Dialysis systems; Artificial kidneys; Blood oxygenators ; Reciprocating systems for treatment of body fluids, e.g. single needle systems for hemofiltration or pheresis with membranes
    • A61M1/1654—Dialysates therefor
    • A61M1/1656—Apparatus for preparing dialysates
    • A61M1/1658—Degasification
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61M—DEVICES FOR INTRODUCING MEDIA INTO, OR ONTO, THE BODY; DEVICES FOR TRANSDUCING BODY MEDIA OR FOR TAKING MEDIA FROM THE BODY; DEVICES FOR PRODUCING OR ENDING SLEEP OR STUPOR
    • A61M1/00—Suction or pumping devices for medical purposes; Devices for carrying-off, for treatment of, or for carrying-over, body-liquids; Drainage systems
    • A61M1/14—Dialysis systems; Artificial kidneys; Blood oxygenators ; Reciprocating systems for treatment of body fluids, e.g. single needle systems for hemofiltration or pheresis
    • A61M1/16—Dialysis systems; Artificial kidneys; Blood oxygenators ; Reciprocating systems for treatment of body fluids, e.g. single needle systems for hemofiltration or pheresis with membranes
    • A61M1/1654—Dialysates therefor
    • A61M1/1656—Apparatus for preparing dialysates
    • A61M1/166—Heating
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61M—DEVICES FOR INTRODUCING MEDIA INTO, OR ONTO, THE BODY; DEVICES FOR TRANSDUCING BODY MEDIA OR FOR TAKING MEDIA FROM THE BODY; DEVICES FOR PRODUCING OR ENDING SLEEP OR STUPOR
    • A61M1/00—Suction or pumping devices for medical purposes; Devices for carrying-off, for treatment of, or for carrying-over, body-liquids; Drainage systems
    • A61M1/14—Dialysis systems; Artificial kidneys; Blood oxygenators ; Reciprocating systems for treatment of body fluids, e.g. single needle systems for hemofiltration or pheresis
    • A61M1/16—Dialysis systems; Artificial kidneys; Blood oxygenators ; Reciprocating systems for treatment of body fluids, e.g. single needle systems for hemofiltration or pheresis with membranes
    • A61M1/168—Sterilisation or cleaning before or after use
    • A61M1/1686—Sterilisation or cleaning before or after use by heat
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D61/00—Processes of separation using semi-permeable membranes, e.g. dialysis, osmosis or ultrafiltration; Apparatus, accessories or auxiliary operations specially adapted therefor
    • B01D61/24—Dialysis ; Membrane extraction
    • B01D61/32—Controlling or regulating
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61M—DEVICES FOR INTRODUCING MEDIA INTO, OR ONTO, THE BODY; DEVICES FOR TRANSDUCING BODY MEDIA OR FOR TAKING MEDIA FROM THE BODY; DEVICES FOR PRODUCING OR ENDING SLEEP OR STUPOR
    • A61M2205/00—General characteristics of the apparatus
    • A61M2205/36—General characteristics of the apparatus related to heating or cooling
    • A61M2205/362—General characteristics of the apparatus related to heating or cooling by gas flow
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D2311/00—Details relating to membrane separation process operations and control
    • B01D2311/25—Recirculation, recycling or bypass, e.g. recirculation of concentrate into the feed
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D2315/00—Details relating to the membrane module operation
    • B01D2315/22—Membrane contactor
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D61/00—Processes of separation using semi-permeable membranes, e.g. dialysis, osmosis or ultrafiltration; Apparatus, accessories or auxiliary operations specially adapted therefor
    • B01D61/24—Dialysis ; Membrane extraction
    • B01D61/243—Dialysis

Abstract

A dialysis machine 120 comprises a reservoir 130 having both liquid and gas inlets 131, 141 and outlets 133, 143, and wherein the reservoir 130 is provided as a part of both liquid and gas circuits. The gas circuit further comprises an air pump 160 and an air heater 134 and is arranged such that, in use, gas flowing in the gas circuit permeates liquid in the reservoir 130 so as to control and regulate the temperature of the liquid. The liquid may thus be used in the preparation of dialysate and/or heat sanitization of the dialysis machine 120. A semi permeable membrane, preferably a mesh 144, may also be arranged in the reservoir 130 such that as air rises up through the water held in the heating and de-aeration chamber 130 micro bubbles are formed at the mesh 144; the micro bubbles serving simultaneously to heat the water and draw out of solution other gasses dissolved in the water. A float valve 146 may also be provided in the reservoir 130.

Description

(54) Title of the Invention: Liquid preparation for use in dialysis
Abstract Title: A dialysis machine comprising a temperature control means (57) A dialysis machine 120 comprises a reservoir 130 having both liquid and gas inlets 131, 141 and outlets 133, 143, and wherein the reservoir 130 is provided as a part of both liquid and gas circuits. The gas circuit further comprises an air pump 160 and an air heater 134 and is arranged such that, in use, gas flowing in the gas circuit permeates liquid in the reservoir 130 so as to control and regulate the temperature of the liquid. The liquid may thus be used in the preparation of dialysate and/or heat sanitization of the dialysis machine 120. A semi permeable membrane, preferably a mesh 144, may also be arranged in the reservoir 130 such that as air rises up through the water held in the heating and de-aeration chamber 130 micro bubbles are formed at the mesh 144; the micro bubbles serving simultaneously to heat the water and draw out of solution other gasses dissolved in the water. Afloat valve 146 may also be provided in the reservoir 130.
Figure GB2554414A_D0001
Fig. 2
1/2
PRIOR ART
Figure GB2554414A_D0002
Fig. 2 100
Figure GB2554414A_D0003
Liquid Preparation for use in Dialysis
The present invention relates to the preparation of liquid for use in dialysis, and specifically but not exclusively to a water heater and deairation device for a dialysis machine.
Dialysis machines use heated water both for the preparation of fluids used in patient treatment and for the sterilisation of the fluid pathways of the dialysis machine.
Various apparatus may be used to heat the water.
One known apparatus used to heat the water is using electrical resistance heaters immersed in a fluid reservoir. One such electrical resistance heater comprises a metal cylinder approximately 20 mm in diameter. The cylinder has a blind bore having a diameter of approximately 12 mm. A heater element is inserted into the blind bore, and the surrounding volume is filed with aluminium oxide. The blind bore orifice is capped off using a cap made of an insulating material such as rubber, with insulated electrical cabling passing through the cap, connecting the heater element to a power source. By running an electric current from the power source through the electrical cabling to the element, heat is generated. This heat is conducted through the aluminium oxide, through the cylinder and into the fluid reservoir.
The fluid is highly conductive, and as such systems rely on electrical insulation to prevent conduction of electricity into the fluid being heated. Repeated use of the system can lead to a degradation in the quality of the insulating materials, meaning maintenance or replacement is required. Furthermore, the electrical resistance heaters immersed in a conductive fluid, such as water, must be connected to earth to protect the patient. This increases the complexity of the system design and assembly.
Dialysis machines that use water both for the preparation of fluids used in patient treatment and for the sterilisation of the fluid pathways of the dialysis machine must ensure that there is no gas dissolved in the water.
The invention aims to provide a water heater of that addresses one or more of the above mentioned problems.
According to the first aspect of the present invention there is provided a dialysis machine comprising: a reservoir; a liquid circuit; and a gas circuit; wherein the reservoir defines a liquid inlet and a liquid outlet, a gas inlet and a gas outlet; and wherein the liquid circuit includes the reservoir having the liquid inlet and the liquid outlet; and wherein the gas circuit includes an air pump, an air heater and the reservoir having the gas inlet and the gas outlet, the gas circuit being arranged such that, in use, gas flowing in the gas circuit permeates liquid in the reservoir so as to control and regulate the temperature of the liquid in the reservoir, such that the liquid in the reservoir may be used in the preparation of dialysate, and/or heat sanitation of the dialysis machine.
This arrangement has the benefit of heating the liquid for the preparation of dialysate and drawing out of solution other gases dissolved in that liquid. Furthermore, in this arrangement the air heater is electrically isolated from the liquid circuit by provision of the gas circuit.
Preferably, a semi permeable membrane is arranged in the reservoir adjacent the gas inlet. The smaller the gas bubbles generated by the membrane, the better the heat transfer to the liquid. This is due to the higher surface area to volume of smaller bubbles as compared to larger bubbles.
Preferably, the air heater is arranged upstream of the gas inlet.
Preferably, a non-return valve is arranged in the reservoir adjacent the gas outlet.
Preferably, the non-return valve is a float valve.
Preferably, the liquid is water.
Preferably, the gas is air.
According to a second aspect of the present invention there is provided a method of preparing liquid for use in a dialysis machine comprising the following steps: providing a reservoir, a liquid circuit configured for fluidic connection to a dialysis machine and a gas circuit; wherein the reservoir defines a liquid inlet and a liquid outlet, a gas inlet and a gas outlet; and wherein the liquid circuit includes the reservoir having the liquid inlet and the liquid outlet; and wherein the gas circuit includes an air pump, an air heater and the reservoir having the gas inlet and the gas outlet, the gas circuit being arranged such that, in use, gas flowing in the gas circuit permeates liquid in the reservoir so as to control and regulate the temperature of the liquid in the reservoir, such that the liquid in the reservoir may be used in the preparation of dialysate, pumping the liquid into the reservoir to partially fill the reservoir, pumping the gas around the gas circuit, activating the heater to heat the gas, and pumping the heated gas through the reservoir to deairate and heat the water.
An embodiment of the invention will now be described, by way of example only, with reference to the accompanying figures, in which:
Figure 1 is a schematic representation of a known dialysis machine water heating circuit; and
Figure 2 is a schematic representation of a dialysis machine water heating circuit in accordance with the present invention;
With reference to the Figure 1, the dialysis machine water heating circuit 5 comprises a water source 10, a dialysis machine 20, a water heating chamber 30, and an air trap 40.
The water source 10 is a medical water tap supplying Reverse Osmosis (RO) water.
The dialysis machine 20 is a cartridge-based machine, such as the one disclosed in W02006120415 and has the necessary pumps and valves to control and direct the water flow, as well as being capable of mixing and preparing dialysate.
The water heating chamber 30 is a fluid tight vessel. An electrical resistance water heater 34 is mounted in the interior of the fluid tight vessel and connected to a power source 36 located external to the fluid tight vessel. The electrical resistance water heater 34 is also earthed 38.
The air trap 40 is a water tight vessel having a water inlet 41 and a water outlet 43. The air trap 40 is arranged in a vertical orientation, where the water inlet 41 is provided adjacent the top and the water outlet 43 is provided adjacent the base. The air trap 40 has mesh 44, and a valve 46. The mesh 44 is arranged across the entirety of the interior of the water tight vessel, adjacent the water inlet 41 and with a horizontal orientation. The valve 46 is arranged at the top of the water tight vessel and allows air collected in the water tight vessel to be vented to the atmosphere.
Water Circuit
The water source 10, the dialysis machine 20, the water heating chamber 30, and the air trap 40 are sequentially fluidly connected by fluid pathways 12, 22, and 32. A further fluid pathway 42 fluidly connects the air trap 40 to the dialysis machine 20 to complete the dialysis machine water heating circuit 5. The dialysis machine 20 is also provided with drain 52.
In use, water is provided from water source 10 to the dialysis machine 20 via fluid pathway 12. As described above, the dialysis machine 20 includes the necessary pumps and valves to control and direct the water flow. The water is pumped to the water heating chamber 30 via fluid pathway 22. In the water heating chamber 30 the water is heated to a predetermined temperature for a predetermined time period, according to the treatment cycle or sterilisation cycle. The water is heated as the electrical resistance water heater 34 is immersed by the water entering the interior of the fluid tight vessel. The water is then pumped to the air trap 40 via fluid pathway 32. The water passes down through the mesh 44, which extracts any air dissolved therein as air bubbles, which float to the top of the air trap 40 and are exhausted to the atmosphere via valve 46. The heated, de-airated water is then pumped to the dialysis machine 20 via fluid pathway 42, ready for use.
With reference to Figure 2, a dialysis machine 100 has a dialysis machine water heating circuit 105 and a dialysis machine air circuit 150.
The dialysis machine water heating circuit 105 comprises a water source 110, a dialysis machine 120, and a water heating and de-airation chamber 130.
The water source 110 is a medical water tap supplying Reverse Osmosis water. In an alternate embodiment, the water source 110 is a standard domestic water tap in combination with a water purification and filtering system. In a further alternate embodiment, the water source 110 is a container of pre-prepared reverse osmosis (RO) water.
The dialysis machine 120 is a cartridge-based machine, such as the one disclosed in W02006120415 and has the necessary pumps and valves to control and direct the water flow, as well as being capable of mixing and preparing dialysate.
The water heating and de-airation chamber 130 comprises a fluid tight vessel having a water inlet 131 and a water outlet 133. The water heating and de-airation chamber 130 further has an air inlet 141 and an air outlet 143. The de-airation chamber 130 has a mesh 144 and a float valve 146. The mesh 144 is arranged across the interior of the fluid tight vessel, adjacent the air inlet 141. The float valve 146 is arranged across the interior of the fluid tight vessel, adjacent the air outlet 143. The exact vertical position of the float vale 146 is dependent upon the water level in the de-airation chamber 130. The float valve 146 includes a centrally orientated sealing bung on its upper surface to engage with the air outlet 143 of the water heating and de-airation chamber 130. The upper surface is arranged with a slope extending away from the centrally orientated sealing bung so as to prevent sticking the float valve 146 against the internal upper surface of the fluid tight vessel. This is shown by ramps 147 in Figure 2.
The dialysis machine air circuit 150 comprises the water heating and de-airation chamber 130 described above, an air pump 160, an air heater 134 and a one-way valve 138.
The air pump 160 is a tube having a axial fan. In an alternate embodiment, the air is pumped using a centrifugal fan. In an alternate embodiment, the air is pumped using the pneumatic pump provided on the dialysis machine 120. The air pump 160 is electrically connected to a control unit 122 provided on the dialysis machine 120.
The air heater 134 is an electrical resistance heater including a plurality of vanes, arranged in a tube.
The one-way valve 138 includes a valve member and a biasing element configured to prevent back flow.
Electrically Isolated Water Circuit
The water source 110, the dialysis machine 120 and the water heating and de-airation chamber 130 are sequentially fluidly connected by fluid pathways 112 and 122. A further fluid pathway 132 fluidly connects the water heating and de-airation chamber 130 to the dialysis machine 120 to complete the dialysis machine water heating circuit 105. The dialysis machine 120 is also provided with a drain 142.
A water pressure sensor 183 is provided on the dialysis machine 120 to monitor the water pressure in the dialysis machine water heating circuit 105.
A first water temperature sensor 171 is provided adjacent the inlet 131 of the water heating and de-airation chamber 130 on the fluid pathway 122.
A second water temperature sensor 172 is provided adjacent the outlet 133 of water heating and de-airation chamber 130 on the fluid pathway 132.
The water pressure sensor 183 is electrically connected to the control unit 122 provided on the dialysis machine 120. The first and second water temperature sensors 171, 172 are electrically connected to the control unit 122 provided on the dialysis machine 120.
Air Circuit
The water heating and de-airation chamber 130, air pump 160, air heater 134 and oneway valve 138 are sequentially fluidly connected by fluid pathways 152, 154 and 156. A further fluid pathway 158 fluidly connects the one-way valve 138 to the water heating and de-airation chamber 130 to complete the dialysis machine air circuit 150.
The fluid pathways 152, 154 and 156 of the dialysis machine air circuit 150 are insulated using soft foam sheet. In an alternate embodiment, the fluid pathways 152, 154 and 156 are insulated using moulded polystyrene.
An air temperature sensor 173 is provided adjacent the outlet of the air heater 134 on the fluid pathway 156.
A first air pressure sensor 181 is provided adjacent the inlet 141 of the water heating and de-airation chamber 130 on the fluid pathway 158.
A second air pressure sensor 182 is provided adjacent the outlet 143 of water heating and de-airation chamber 130 on the fluid pathway 152.
The air temperature sensor 173 is electrically connected to the control unit 122 provided on the dialysis machine 120. The first and second air pressure sensors 181, 182 are electrically connected to the control unit 122 provided on the dialysis machine 120.
Operation
In use, air is drawn into the pump 160 and circulated around the dialysis machine air circuit 150. The air heater 134 is energised to heat the air passing through the heater 134. The warmed air is delivered to the water heating and de-airation chamber 130 via air inlet 141 where it impinges upon mesh 144. Micro bubbles are formed at the mesh 144 as the air flow passes up through the water held in the water heating and de7 airation chamber 130. The micro bubbles simultaneously act to both heat the water and draw out of solution other gases dissolved in that water. The dialysis machine air circuit 150 is completed as the bubbles exit the water heating and de-airation chamber 130 past the float valve 146 and via air outlet 143. The air may be re-circulated or alternatively exhausted to the atmosphere.
Control
The control unit 122 provided on the dialysis machine 120 ensures that the air pressure on the dialysis machine air circuit 150 is greater that the water pressure on the dialysis machine water heating circuit 105 to ensure that the dialysis machine air circuit 150 does not flood with water.
The water circuit provides a flow rate of sterilised, deairated water to the dialysis machine 120 at the rate of approximately between 0.1 and 2 litres per minute. During a sterilisation cycle, the water is circulated around the full water circuit including the water heating and de-airation chamber 130 at approximately 85 degrees Celsius for 20 minutes. During a dialysis treatment cycle, the water is raised to approximately 40 degrees Celsius.
The size of the air pump and water pump are matched so as to provide approximately equal air flow for water flow.
In an alternate embodiment, a micro fluidic oscillator is arranged upstream of the gas inlet 141. This imparts a tangential oscillation into the gas flow which maximises the generation of gas bubbles as the gas flow collides with the mesh 144.
In Figure 2 the water circuit and air circuit and associated components are shown schematically adjacent the dialysis machine 120. This is for simplicity, whereas these circuits and associated components may be provided within the dialysis machine 120.
Whilst the specific embodiment has focussed on a dialysis machine, it will be apparent to the skilled person that other medical applications are equally suitable for the disclosed invention, which is not limited only to dialysis machines.

Claims (10)

Claims
1. A dialysis machine comprising:
a reservoir;
a liquid circuit; and a gas circuit;
wherein the reservoir defines a liquid inlet and a liquid outlet, a gas inlet and a gas outlet; and wherein the liquid circuit includes the reservoir having the liquid inlet and the liquid outlet; and wherein the gas circuit includes an air pump, an air heater and the reservoir having the gas inlet and the gas outlet, the gas circuit being arranged such that, in use, gas flowing in the gas circuit permeates liquid in the reservoir so as to control and regulate the temperature of the liquid in the reservoir, such that the liquid in the reservoir may be used in the preparation of dialysate, and/or heat sanitization of the dialysis machine
2. A dialysis machine according to claim 1 wherein a semi permeable membrane is arranged in the reservoir adjacent the gas inlet.
3. A dialysis machine according to claim 1 wherein the air heater is arranged upstream of the gas inlet.
4. A dialysis machine according to claim 1 wherein a non-return valve is arranged in the reservoir adjacent the gas outlet.
5. A dialysis machine according to claim 1 wherein the non-return valve is a float valve.
6. A dialysis machine according to claim 1 wherein the liquid is water.
7. A dialysis machine according to claim 1 wherein the gas is air.
8. A dialysis machine according to claim 1 wherein the air pump is an axial fan.
9. A method of preparing liquid for use in a dialysis machine comprising the following steps:
5 providing a reservoir, a liquid circuit configured for fluidic connection to a dialysis machine and a gas circuit;
wherein the reservoir defines a liquid inlet and a liquid outlet, a gas inlet and a gas outlet; and wherein the liquid circuit includes the reservoir having the liquid inlet and the liquid outlet; and wherein the gas circuit includes an air pump, an air heater and
10. A dialysis machine substantially as hereinbefore described with reference to
20 Figure 2.
Intellectual
Property
Office
Application No: GB1616307.3 Examiner: Mr Geraint Davies
10 the reservoir having the gas inlet and the gas outlet, the gas circuit being arranged such that, in use, gas flowing in the gas circuit permeates liquid in the reservoir so as to control and regulate the temperature of the liquid in the reservoir, such that the liquid in the reservoir may be used in the preparation of dialysate, pumping the liquid into the reservoir to partially fill the reservoir,
15 pumping the gas around the gas circuit, activating the heater to heat the gas, and pumping the heated gas through the reservoir to deairate and heat the water.
GB1616307.3A 2016-09-26 2016-09-26 Liquid preparation for use in dialysis Withdrawn GB2554414A (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
GB1616307.3A GB2554414A (en) 2016-09-26 2016-09-26 Liquid preparation for use in dialysis

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GB1616307.3A GB2554414A (en) 2016-09-26 2016-09-26 Liquid preparation for use in dialysis

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GB2554414A true GB2554414A (en) 2018-04-04

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Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB1587137A (en) * 1976-10-14 1981-04-01 Gambro Ab Dialysis system
US20150238676A1 (en) * 2014-02-27 2015-08-27 Asit Engineering Corp. Portable hemodialysis machine and disposable cartridge

Patent Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB1587137A (en) * 1976-10-14 1981-04-01 Gambro Ab Dialysis system
US20150238676A1 (en) * 2014-02-27 2015-08-27 Asit Engineering Corp. Portable hemodialysis machine and disposable cartridge

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