GB2524551A - Heating and cooling system for passive buildings based on heat and cold storage - Google Patents

Heating and cooling system for passive buildings based on heat and cold storage Download PDF

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Publication number
GB2524551A
GB2524551A GB1405465.4A GB201405465A GB2524551A GB 2524551 A GB2524551 A GB 2524551A GB 201405465 A GB201405465 A GB 201405465A GB 2524551 A GB2524551 A GB 2524551A
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Prior art keywords
heat
heating
storage tank
cold
cold storage
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GB201405465D0 (en
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Mugur Ciprian Balan
Lorentz Jantschi
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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24D—DOMESTIC- OR SPACE-HEATING SYSTEMS, e.g. CENTRAL HEATING SYSTEMS; DOMESTIC HOT-WATER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; ELEMENTS OR COMPONENTS THEREFOR
    • F24D11/00—Central heating systems using heat accumulated in storage masses
    • F24D11/02—Central heating systems using heat accumulated in storage masses using heat pumps
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24F—AIR-CONDITIONING; AIR-HUMIDIFICATION; VENTILATION; USE OF AIR CURRENTS FOR SCREENING
    • F24F5/00—Air-conditioning systems or apparatus not covered by F24F1/00 or F24F3/00, e.g. using solar heat or combined with household units such as an oven or water heater
    • F24F5/0046—Air-conditioning systems or apparatus not covered by F24F1/00 or F24F3/00, e.g. using solar heat or combined with household units such as an oven or water heater using natural energy, e.g. solar energy, energy from the ground
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24D—DOMESTIC- OR SPACE-HEATING SYSTEMS, e.g. CENTRAL HEATING SYSTEMS; DOMESTIC HOT-WATER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; ELEMENTS OR COMPONENTS THEREFOR
    • F24D11/00—Central heating systems using heat accumulated in storage masses
    • F24D11/02—Central heating systems using heat accumulated in storage masses using heat pumps
    • F24D11/0214—Central heating systems using heat accumulated in storage masses using heat pumps water heating system
    • F24D11/0221—Central heating systems using heat accumulated in storage masses using heat pumps water heating system combined with solar energy
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24D—DOMESTIC- OR SPACE-HEATING SYSTEMS, e.g. CENTRAL HEATING SYSTEMS; DOMESTIC HOT-WATER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; ELEMENTS OR COMPONENTS THEREFOR
    • F24D11/00—Central heating systems using heat accumulated in storage masses
    • F24D11/02—Central heating systems using heat accumulated in storage masses using heat pumps
    • F24D11/0214—Central heating systems using heat accumulated in storage masses using heat pumps water heating system
    • F24D11/0235—Central heating systems using heat accumulated in storage masses using heat pumps water heating system with recuperation of waste energy
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24F—AIR-CONDITIONING; AIR-HUMIDIFICATION; VENTILATION; USE OF AIR CURRENTS FOR SCREENING
    • F24F5/00—Air-conditioning systems or apparatus not covered by F24F1/00 or F24F3/00, e.g. using solar heat or combined with household units such as an oven or water heater
    • F24F5/0046—Air-conditioning systems or apparatus not covered by F24F1/00 or F24F3/00, e.g. using solar heat or combined with household units such as an oven or water heater using natural energy, e.g. solar energy, energy from the ground
    • F24F5/005—Air-conditioning systems or apparatus not covered by F24F1/00 or F24F3/00, e.g. using solar heat or combined with household units such as an oven or water heater using natural energy, e.g. solar energy, energy from the ground using energy from the ground by air circulation, e.g. "Canadian well"
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24F—AIR-CONDITIONING; AIR-HUMIDIFICATION; VENTILATION; USE OF AIR CURRENTS FOR SCREENING
    • F24F5/00—Air-conditioning systems or apparatus not covered by F24F1/00 or F24F3/00, e.g. using solar heat or combined with household units such as an oven or water heater
    • F24F5/0046—Air-conditioning systems or apparatus not covered by F24F1/00 or F24F3/00, e.g. using solar heat or combined with household units such as an oven or water heater using natural energy, e.g. solar energy, energy from the ground
    • F24F2005/0064—Air-conditioning systems or apparatus not covered by F24F1/00 or F24F3/00, e.g. using solar heat or combined with household units such as an oven or water heater using natural energy, e.g. solar energy, energy from the ground using solar energy
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02A30/00—Adapting or protecting infrastructure or their operation
    • Y02A30/27—Relating to heating, ventilation or air conditioning [HVAC] technologies
    • Y02A30/272—Solar heating or cooling
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02B—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO BUILDINGS, e.g. HOUSING, HOUSE APPLIANCES OR RELATED END-USER APPLICATIONS
    • Y02B10/00—Integration of renewable energy sources in buildings
    • Y02B10/20—Solar thermal
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02B—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO BUILDINGS, e.g. HOUSING, HOUSE APPLIANCES OR RELATED END-USER APPLICATIONS
    • Y02B10/00—Integration of renewable energy sources in buildings
    • Y02B10/40—Geothermal heat-pumps
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02B—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO BUILDINGS, e.g. HOUSING, HOUSE APPLIANCES OR RELATED END-USER APPLICATIONS
    • Y02B10/00—Integration of renewable energy sources in buildings
    • Y02B10/70—Hybrid systems, e.g. uninterruptible or back-up power supplies integrating renewable energies
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02B—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO BUILDINGS, e.g. HOUSING, HOUSE APPLIANCES OR RELATED END-USER APPLICATIONS
    • Y02B30/00—Energy efficient heating, ventilation or air conditioning [HVAC]
    • Y02B30/12—Hot water central heating systems using heat pumps
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02B—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO BUILDINGS, e.g. HOUSING, HOUSE APPLIANCES OR RELATED END-USER APPLICATIONS
    • Y02B30/00—Energy efficient heating, ventilation or air conditioning [HVAC]
    • Y02B30/52—Heat recovery pumps, i.e. heat pump based systems or units able to transfer the thermal energy from one area of the premises or part of the facilities to a different one, improving the overall efficiency
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02B—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO BUILDINGS, e.g. HOUSING, HOUSE APPLIANCES OR RELATED END-USER APPLICATIONS
    • Y02B30/00—Energy efficient heating, ventilation or air conditioning [HVAC]
    • Y02B30/54—Free-cooling systems

Abstract

A heating and cooling system for a building comprises a heat storage tank 4 and a cold storage tank 5. The system may include a heat pump 10. Heat may be supplied to the heat storage tank from solar means 8 or from warm ambient air and to the cold storage tank from cold ambient air. The storage tanks may be located above or below the ground. The system may recover heat from exhaust air and may also comprise means for domestic hot water preparation 9.

Description

Heating and cooling system for passive buildings based on heat and cold storage The invention refers to a complex heating and cooling system, for passive buildings, based on seasonal heat and cold storage, for two constructive variants and is functional in several operation modes. Heat and cold accumulation is made in two large volume storage tanks. The two storage tanks can be placed both underground and above ground. The innovative heating and cooling system through the storage of cold and hot can be used for any type of passive buildings, regardless of size and purpose. The storage of heat and cold is seasonal. Heating and cooling are achieved by using an evacuated air heat recovery ventilation system, typical for passive building, connected to the presented system through a fan coil.
Heating or cooling systems, using heat or cold storage, are presented in many patents: US436tt3SA, CAt t577t7A1 present combined ground heat storage. Solar energy is transferred into a cylindrical heat storage tank, placed underground, by using solar thermal collectors. A heat transfer system is mounted around the storage tank, which transports heat directly into the ground, using a heat pump. In the warm season, the heat pump transfers thermal energy from the building into the ground, while solar thermal collectors transfer solar energy directly into the water inside the storage tank, In the cold season, the thermal energy from the storage tank can be used directly for heating and domestic hot water preparation and the heat stored in the ground can be efficiently extracted with the heat pump. The heat pump is reversible, working in the building's cooling mode during the summer and in the building's heating mode during the winter.
The main disadvantage of the presented solution is that it can store only heat, and not cold.
US3339629A presents a heating and cooling system with two heat storage tanks, placed in the ground, one for seasonal heat storage and one for seasonal cold storage. The heat, respectively the cold source, is represented by a roof collector through which a thermal agent circulates, realising the heat transfer in the heat or cold accumulator.
The disadvantages of the presented solution are: 1, In areas with low temperatures, in the cold season, the thermal agent must be anti-freezing; 2, The described heating system does not present an alternative solution for possible transitory situations in which more energy than the thermal storage tanks could ensure would be necessary (for instance, if accumulators don't present enough high thermal potential for heating or enough low thermal potential for cooling); 3. The presented heating system doesn't allow mechanical ventilation, simultaneous with heating or cooling, For providing a supply of fresh air to the building it is necessary to open the windows, which, in the case of passive buildings, is unacceptable, DH02006023049A1 presents seasonal ground heat storage. Solar energy is directly transferred into an insulated heat storage tank that supplies the building heating system.
The main disadvantage of the presented solution is that it can store only heat, and not cold, DE102007019748A1 presents a combined system for producing thermal energy from solar and geothermal energy, by using a ground storage tank.
The main disadvantage of the presented solution is that it can store only heat, and not cold, DE1U2007O24524At presents a combined heating and cooling system, using solar thermal collectors and a heat pump, together with ground thermal energy storage, made from various storage elements, The main disadvantage of the system is that it doesn't allow simultaneous storage of both heat and cold.
DE102008041715A1 presents a heating system using solar thermal collectors and a heat pump. The installation also includes a ground heat storage system using a storage tank.
The main disadvantage of the presented solution is that it can store only heat, and not cold.
JP2008292044A presents a heating or cooling system, using an underground heat storage tank.
The disadvantage of the system is that it doesn't allow simultaneous storage of both heat and cold.
The purpose of the presented heating and cooling system is to provide the amount necessary of heat and cold for passive buildings, by using thermal energy stored in the heat or cold storage tanks, Two constructional variants are presented, the difference being that one works solely based on heat and cold storage, and the other one offers in addition the possibility to produce heating and cooling, using a heat pump.
Building heating and cooling must be carried out when there is a significant temperature difference between the inside space and the outside ambient, In order to heat, the system presented uses heat stored in periods with high values of solar radiation or outside air temperature. In order to cool, the presented system uses cold stored in periods with low values of outside air temperature.
The volumes of heat and cold storage tanks are sized in such a way as to allow long time seasonal storage of enough heat, respectively cold, in order to ensure the annual average demand of heat and cold.
For the transitory situations in which the heat or cold storage seasons don't allow enough storage, or for the similar transitory situations in which the heating or cooling season requests more heat or cold than under normal circumstances, the presented heating and cooling system can be optionally equipped with a heat pump allowing to overcome these periods, The constructional variant, including the heat pump, allows a sizing with lower volumes of the heat and cold storage tanks and allows a larger flexibility in operation.
Beyond the main function of heating and cooling presented, this system completely fulfils the requirements in terms of domestic hot water of passive buildings.
The technical solution, implemented in the presented system, is based on the permanent use of available solar energy by transferring it into the heat storage tank, respectively by the use of the cold available in the ambient air by transferring it into the cold storage tank. Heat available in the ambient air can be also transferred into the heat storage tank, Solar energy is considered available for storage in the heat accumulator the moment the temperature in the solar thermal collector becomes greater than the temperature inside the heat storage tank, Ambient air cold is considered available for storage in the cold accumulator as soon as the ambient temperature becomes lower than the temperature inside the cold storage tank, Ambient air heat is considered available for storage in the heat accumulator as soon as the ambient temperature is higher than the temperature inside the heat storage tank.
Thermal energy accumulated in the two storage tanks can be transferred into the passive building at any time when heating or cooling becomes necessary.
The solar energy transfer system includes solar thermal collectors of any type or model and a thermal agent circulating system between the collectors and the heat storage tank.
Water can be used in the solar thermal collectors and heat storage tank. The use of antifreeze solutions is not compulsory because this circuit empties when the solar energy does not reach the potential required to be transferred into the heat storage tank. Solar thermal collectors are filled with thermal agent as soon as the thermal energy transfer into the heat storage tank becomes possible. The thermal agent from the heat storage tank is circulated through the solar thermal collectors and directly heated there.
In the cold storage tank, the phase change of the thermal agent is possible due to the freezing caused by low temperatures reached externally of the pipes through which cold air from the outside environment circulates, In this context, water can be used in the cold storage tank as well.
The system can be used for any type of buildings, but it is estimated that from both a technical and an economical point of view, the system is most efficient for passive buildings, which require lower volumes of heat and cold storage tanks.
The simplest constructional variant of the presented innovative heating and cooling system is presented in Figure 1.
The main components of the system are the passive building (1), placed on the ground (2), above its surface (3), together with the heat storage tank (4) and the cold storage tank (5), both normally placed underground, Heat and cold storage tanks can be also placed over the ground surface, in both cases being made through sealed construction thermally insulated, The heating and cooling system includes a recovery heat exchanger (6) in which polluted exhaust air transfers thermal energy as heat or cold to the fresh air that can be supplementary heated or cooled by the use of a fan coil (7), The conversion of solar energy into thermal energy is made in the solar thermal collectors system (8) and the domestic hot water is made in the storage tank (9).
Polluted air is absorbed into the building through the inlet connections (a) and is evacuated through the outlet connection (b).
Fresh air can be absorbed into and used in the system by any one of the fresh air inlet connections (c).
After the thermal treatment (heating or cooling), the fresh air is distributed into the passive building by the outlet connections especially designed for fresh treated air (d), The heat storage tank (4) is connected to the solar thermal collectors system (8) through the solar energy heating circuit (e). This circuit presents a branch (f), used for domestic hot water preparation in the storage tank (9).
The cold storage tank (5) is connected to the cooling circuit (g) through which the cold ambient air is circulated in the cold season.
The fan coil (7) is connected both to the heat storage tank (4) through the heating circuit (h) and to the cold storage tank (5) through the cooling circuit (i), providing both functions of heating and cooling.
The constructional variant of the innovative heating and cooling system, containing the indicated components, allows heating and cooling for passive buildings as well as domestic hot water preparation, using exclusively the thermal energy stored as heat or cold in the two storage tanks, A more complex variant of the innovative heating and cooling system, equipped also with a heat pump, is presented in Figure 2. This constructional variant allows the operation of the system even in transitory modes, characterised by the lack of available heat or cold in the storage tanks, The main component of the complex constructive variant of the heating and cooling system, which are not present in the simplified variant, is the heat pump (10), connected both to the heat storage tank by the connection circuit (.i) arid to the cold storage tank by the connection circuit (k).
The heat pump is supplied with a domestic hot water preparation circuit (I), connected to the domestic hot water storage tank (9) as well as with another circuit (m) connecting the heat pump with the fan coil (7) that can operate both in heating and cooling regime.
The main operation modes of the innovative passive buildings heating and cooling system, are presented as follows: The operation mode of mechanical ventilation with heat recovery from the polluted air exhaust (operation mode 1), is presented in Figure 3.
This mode is characterised by the sole operation of the mechanical ventilation system, both on the exhaust air circuit and on the fresh air circuit. Mechanical ventilation systems with heat recovery can operate continuously as long as the passive buildings are inhabited.
Mechanical ventilation operation mode and the heating of the heat storage tank with warm air (operation mode 2), is presented in Figure 4, This operation mode can be used in the hot season, when the ambient air temperature is higher than the temperature inside the heat storage tank (4), The fresh air, after having transferred thermal energy into the heat storage tank and became cooler, it is introduced into the building through the recovery heat exchanger (6).
The operation mode with mechanical ventilation and the cooling of the cold storage tank with cold air (operation mode 3), is presented in Figure 5.
This operation mode can be used in the cold season, when the ambient air temperature is lower than the temperature inside the cold storage tank (4), The fresh air, after having transferred thermal energy into the heat storage tank and became warmer, it is introduced into the building through the recovery heat exchanger (6).
The operation mode of transferring and storing solar energy into the heat storage tank (operation mode 4), is presented in Figure 6.
This operation mode is typical for the hot season but can be also achieved in particular periods of the cold season, when the solar energy potential allows the heating of the thermal agent inside the heat storage tank. The condition that must be reached for operating the heat storage tank in this mode implies that the temperature in the solar thermal collectors system is higher than the temperature inside the heat storage tank, Taking into account that the heat storage tank (4) presents thermal stratification, the thermal agent is absorbed through the lower connection of the circuit (e) at the lowest temperature in the storage tank, it is heated inside the solar thermal collectors system (8) and then returned at a high temperature through the higher connection, placed in the warm zone of the heat storage tank.
The operation mode of domestic hot water preparation simultaneously with storing energy inside the heat storage tank (operation mode 5), is presented in Figure 7.
This operation mode represents a variant of the one previously presented, in which storing energy inside the heat storage tank (4) is realised simultaneously with domestic hot water preparation in its storage tank (9), This operation mode is characterised by the simultaneous opening of the whole circuit (e) and of the circuit (f).
Domestic hot water preparation is possible even if solar energy is not available, In this case circuits (e) and (f) are connected with the heat storage tank (4), but don't allow agent circulation through the solar thermal collectors system (8), This operation mode is possible by using electromagnetic valves or three ways valves mounted on circuits (e) and (D not represented.
The operation mode of storing low temperature energy inside the cold storage tank (operation mode 6), is presented in Figure 8, This operation mode is typical for the cold season and can be achieved if the ambient air temperature is lower than the agent temperature inside the cold storage tank, in its lower side.
The operation mode of heating by using the energy stored in the heat storage tank (operation mode 7), is presented in Figure 9, This operation mode is typical for the cold season and allows gradual heat transfer from the heat storage tank (4) into the building, through the fan coil (7).
The operation mode of cooling by using the energy stored in the cold storage tank (operation mode 8), is presented in Figure 10, This operation mode is typical for the hot season and allows gradual cold transfer from the cold storage tank (4) into the building, through the fan coil (7), The operation mode of heat extraction from the cold storage tank and energy storage in the heat storage tank, by using the heat pump (operation mode 9), is presented in Figure 11 This operation mode is typical for the periods in which the two storage tanks (4) and (5), or at least one of them, don't present enough thermal potential and it is desired at least partial recoveiy of this potential.
The heat pump (10) extracts heat from the cold storage tank (5) and evacuates heat into the heat storage tank (4).
The operation mode of simultaneous cooling and domestic hot water preparation, by using the heat pump (operation mode 0), is presented in Figure 12.
This operation mode is typical for the hot season, when the thermal agent inside the cold storage tank has too high temperature.
Other operation modes, based on combinations of the described ones, are also possible.
The main advantages of the presented heating and cooling system are the following: -It allows heating and cooling for passive buildings without the consumption of conventional energy in the simple variant (Figure 1), except for the electrical energy needed to power the pumps and the coil fan; -It allows heating and cooling for passive buildings with a minimum energy consumption in the complex variant (Figure 2), independent of the inside storage tanks temperatures values; -In both constructive variants the heat storage tank can be heated both with solar energy and with warm ambient air; -In the complex variant (Figure 2), the heat storage tank can be supplementary heated by using the heat pump; -In both constructive variants, the cold storage tank can be cooled with ambient cold air using either a dedicated storage tank cooling circuit or a circuit used supplementary for the building ventilation, after cooling the storage tank; -In the complex variant (Figure 2), the cold storage tank can be supplementary cooled by using the heat pump; -The system allows the automatic storage tanks heating or cooling operation mode, independent by the building heating or cooling operation mode; -The system allows the use of water in both storage tanks, without the risk of freezing in the solar thermal collectors, but it also allows the use of others antifreeze solutions instead of water; -The system allows cold accumulation also by freezing the thermal agent on the pipes of the outside cold air circuit, located inside the cold storage tank.
REFERENCES
US4361 135A, CA] ]5777A1 -Cooperative heat transfer and ground coupled storage system US3339629A -Ground storage means for structure heating and cooling systems DE102006023049A1 -Method e.g. for drying storage material, has seasonal ground heat storage in support of heating system with material stored in dry storage with pair of heat exchangers provided DE102007019748A1 -Combined solar energy and geothermal energy heat generation system, uses ground-storage with insulation on three sides and open at bottom DE102007024524A1 -Integrated building-solar-heat pump heating-and cooling system, has heat pump plant that is effected without fluid separation from solar collector, heat pump and ground storage system and building heating and cooling body DE102008041715A1 -Heat and hot water supp'y, for a building, uses a solar energy installation with, at least, one storage unit buried in the ground JP2008292044A -Natural heat hybrid soil thermal storage system a

Claims (6)

  1. CLAIMS1. Heating and cooling system for passive buildings, using heat and cold storage, characterised by many possibilities of heating the heat storage tank and by many possibilities of cooling the cold storage tank.
  2. 2. Heating and cooling system for passive buildings, using heat and cold storage, according with claim I, realised in two constructional variants, characterised by the presence or the absence of a heat pump. The variant without a heat pump was entitled simple and the variant with a heat pump complex.
  3. 3. Heating and cooling system for passive buildings, using heat and cold storage, according with claim 1, characterised in both constructional variants by two possibilities of heating the heat storage tank, both with solar energy and with warm ambient air and, additionally by using the heat pump, in the complex constructional variant,
  4. 4. Heating and cooling system for passive buildings, using heat and cold storage, according with claim 1, characterised in both constructional variants by two possibilities of cooling the cold storage tank with cold ambient air, both using a dedicated circuit or using a circuit also used for ventilation and, additionally by using the heat pump, in the complex constructional van ant.
  5. 5. Heating and cooling system for passive buildings, using heat and cold storage, according with claim 1 that allows the use of either water or other antifreeze solutions in the heat and cold storage tanks.
  6. 6. Heating and cooling system for passive buildings, using heat and cold storage, according with claim 1, regardless of the storage tanks locations, respectively underground or on the ground, and regardless of their shape.
GB1405465.4A 2014-03-27 2014-03-27 Heating and cooling system for passive buildings based on heat and cold storage Withdrawn GB2524551A (en)

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CN109140576A (en) * 2018-08-24 2019-01-04 郭树崇 A kind of solar energy hybrid heating system based on Internet of Things
EP3425300A3 (en) * 2017-07-07 2019-01-16 ZLT Lüftungs- und Brandschutztechnik GmbH Method for air-conditioning a building and device for executing the method
RU194691U1 (en) * 2019-01-10 2019-12-19 Федеральное государственное бюджетное образовательное учреждение высшего образования "Кубанский государственный аграрный университет им. И.Т. Трубилина" Device for heating and air conditioning of buildings and structures
WO2023084115A3 (en) * 2021-11-15 2023-07-13 Florian Scherer Energy storage system for storing and providing thermal energy
EP4293292A1 (en) 2022-06-17 2023-12-20 Bruno Chavanne Nomadic hydrosolar building, water and electricity generator
EP4296583A1 (en) * 2022-06-20 2023-12-27 Tim Ameis Method for heating at least one building and heating system for at least one building

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