GB2506235A

GB2506235A - Preparing a borehole wall using scrapers.

Info

Publication number: GB2506235A
Application number: GB1312157.9A
Authority: GB
Inventors: Bruce Arnold Tunget
Original assignee: Individual
Current assignee: Individual
Priority date: 2012-07-05
Filing date: 2013-07-05
Publication date: 2014-03-26
Anticipated expiration: 2033-07-05
Also published as: GB2506235B; GB201312157D0

Abstract

Method and apparatus for cultivating a bore, conduit or cable wall surface of a well using a surface hoistable shaft member carrying a radially extendable and retractable arcuate engagement linkage member 24 to, in use, cultivate a wall surface for use by an ancillary apparatus or spreadable substance engageable thereto, and wherein cultivating said wall surface comprises selectively arranging said shaft, arcuate linkage and scraping members 22 to flexibly engage to and allow deflection from said wall surface along the axis of said subterranean well to at least longitudinally or transversely drag said scraping member across said wall surface to at least longitudinally or transversely form or join said wall surface into at least longitudinal or transverse wall surface regions along said wells axis to join or separate said wall surface regions or form a lattice of said joined or separate wall surface regions.

Description

APPARATUS AND METHOD FOR CULTIVATING A DOWNHOLE SURFACE

[0001] The present application claims priority to United Kingdom Patent Application Serial Number GB 1212008.5, filed on 5th of July 2012, first published under GB 2492663 A on the Pt of January 2013 and entitled "Method and Apparatus for String Access or Passage through the Deformed and Dissimilar Contiguous Walls of a Welibore;" and United Kingdom Patent Application Senal Number GB 12164992, filed on 14th of September 2012, first published under GB 2494780 A on the 20111 of March 2013 and entitled "Apparatus and Method of Concentric Cement Bonding Operations before and after Cementation;" which are incorporated herein in their entirety by reference.

[0002] The present invention relates, generally, to method and apparatus for the preparation of subterranean well bores', conduits' or cables' wall surfaces with a arcuately engaged scraper member that can separate wall portions into longitudinal andlor transverse longitudinal wall surface regions, which can be usable to engage ancillary equipment, for example (e.g.), scab liners, packers and fibrous components, and/or usable to engage a spreadable substance, e.g. downhole acid treatments, cements and/or resins.

[0003] Various methods and apparatus of the present invention, generally, can form or adapt an apparatus and/or use said apparatus to cultivate a downhole wall surface for use or for subsequent operations, like milling, in a manner comparable to, e.g., the agricultural andlor horticultural arts. Preparation of a subterranean wall surface can include separation of a wall surface into regions within a well bore using, e.g., furrows within rock and steel or preparation can include the cutting or burying of cables within the lower portion of a subterranean well that can be compared to tillage and the cutting and burying of weeds within soils. Invented apparatus and/or downhole conventional or prior art apparatus adapted according to the present invention can be used with the invented method to cuhivate a subterranean well wail surface by using a scraping member to dislodge debris from, dig into, cut into, spread across andlor grout a furrow, crevice or feature associated with wall surface regions longitudinally or transversely to the longitudinal axis of a well.

[0004] The present invention can, generally, use any conveyance means comprising, e.g., drill pipe, coiled tubing, wireline andlor slickline, and may be preferable to various conventional and/or prior art means comprising, e.g., the precise cutting of a downhole surface with, e.g., knives or the complete destruction of a downhole surface with, e.g.. milling and/or explosives. Instead, the present invention provides a simpler and more cost effective approach to downhole surface preparation that can longitudinally andlor transverse longitudinally treat a wall surface to form a plurality of treated regions that can more effectively be used for ancillary apparatus or spreadable substances.

FIELD

[0005] The present invention can prepare a subtelTanean wall surface using scraping spreader members to spread, furrow or harrow with coulter-like scraping member parts or cutter-like scraping member parts that scrape across a downhole wall surface using a flexible downhole draggable engagement and defiectable arcuate-like engagement that can be radially extended and retracted from and to a hoistable shaft deployed through a well to cultivate or till a wall surface therein. A scraping member can perform primary wall surface cultivation comprising, e.g., cutting, abrading, ploughing and/or tilling a wall surface to allow debris to fall from the wall surface or to be carried by, e.g.. a circulated fluid from the well or a scraping member can perform secondary cultivation comprising, e.g., scraping spreadable substances across a wall surface or plurality of wall surface regions to treat the wall surface or regions and prepare them for subsequent use.

[0006] Accordingly, scrapper members of the present invention differ significantly from convention well clean-up tools like casing and tubing scrappers, brushes, junk baskets, debris catchers, circulating subs, filters and various other downhole tools.

which attempt to remove unwanted substances from a wall surface while avoiding the disfigurement or disruption of the wall surface being cleaned.

[0007] The present invention uses scraper members to affect a wall surface using a method that can be compared to cultivating a wall surface for use or further treatment using.

e.g., any form of detergent, cleaning fluid, acid, dissolving fluid, cement, resin and/or any other type of substance applicable to a downhole wall surface.

I

[0008] Methods of the present invention can use invented apparatus or adapt any conventional or prior art apparatus, according to the scope and spirit of the present invention, to cultivate a downhole wall surface in preparation for other operations comprising, e.g., milling, jetting, acid treatments, cementation, production, suspension, side-tracking or abandonment.

BACKGROUND

[0009] The art of subterranean wall surface preparation is, in general, silent to the cultivation of a wall surface, whereby it is conventional to use a precise cutting treatment comprising the use of, e.g., knives and chemically corrosive jets, or to use a non-intrusive scraping treatment that attempts to remove debris without damaging a wall surface with. e.g., Ughdy brushing, jetting or scraping with downhole well clean-up tools, or the convention can compnse the complete destruction of a wall surface using, e.g., explosives or milling. The present invention can, like the arts of agriculture and horticulture, use primary and secondary cultivation means that can be considered less precise and which do not attempt to destroy a wall surface within a subterranean well, though they may be used to weaken a wall surface in preparation for subsequent destruction.

[0010] Agriculture and horticulture use various arcuate engagement arrangements, e.g. ploughs, harrows, tillers and filament weed trimmers that can flex iby drag a member to scrape a surface and, e.g., spread substances, or form furrows or relatively rough but selectively limited cuts.

[0011] In a manner comparable to the agricultural or horticultural arts, subterranean wells and any debris therein can be cut, dug or tilled to remove or bury said debris or other debris or cables within a well like rocks are removed from soil or like weeds are cut and buried in soil. Cultivation can further comprise surface preparation other than cutting, digging or tilage. For example, like cultivation of a garden's soil surface, subterranean cultivation can comprise the application of a spreadable substance with a scraper member to dissolve, repair. grout and/or line a subterranean wall surface.

[0012] Cultivation can comprise primary and/or secondary categories, wherein the primary category can comprise digging or furrowing into a wall surface, which itself can comprise various cutting, ploughing, harrowing or tillage means onented longitudinally andlor transversely to the axis of a well or the cultivating apparatus's hoistable shaft's axis. The second category can comprise the placement of substances, chemicals or incendiaries upon a wall surface to change its structure for subsequent use.

[00i31 Chemical compounds comprising, e.g., explosives, gelled fluids, acids, cements, resins and plastics or fibrous materials can be applied to a subterranean wall surface during its cultivation which is comparable to applying fertiliser, manure and lime during surface farming cultivation.

[00i41 Cultivation of a wall surface can comprise, e.g., using acids to dissolve or fluid jets or incendiary devices, 111cc explosives, to remove or bury debris within a well, whereas the agricultural form of cultivation may use chemical herbicides or incendiaries to "burn-down" andlor use weed trimmers to kill weeds.

[0015] Cultivation of a subterranean wall surface can comprise a middle ground between the conventional propensities for precise cuts circumferentially around a wall surface and the complete destruction of the wall surface, wherein the present invention can perform the middle ground intrusive intervention into a wall surface simply and more cost effectively. For example, the downhole adaptation of, e.g., a weed trimmer apparatus with a super abrasive filament scraping member to arcuately deploy and cut bores, conduit's and cables within a subterranean well using the rotated path of a flexible arcuately engaged filament scrapping member can more effectively cut, albeit with less precision across a limited surface area.

[0016] Conventional and prior art of downhole cutting can be divided between precision cuts and those which are not intended to be precise, wherein both are oriented transverse to the longitudinal axis of the well. Relativdy precise downhole cuts use, e.g., knife, exp'osive, chemical and/or abrasive grit cutters to, generally, target and affect a relatively small wall surface area for the purpose of severance. Downhole cuts that are not precise can comprise. e.g., milling or explosives that, generally, targets a single cut face and are intended to cut or abrade portions to destruct a large wall surface areas along a sin&e cut face.

[0017] Conventional and prior art well bore cleaning can comprise cutting along the longitudinal axis but cleaning comprises removing debris from a wall surface while leaving the original wall surface relatively unaffected.

[00181 Conventional and prior art well bore cleaning and cutting can comprise, e.g., cutting and honing or refurbishing a polished bore receptacle (PBR) at the top of a liner for a tie-back seal stack mandrel and/or packer with the objective of refurbishing the original wall surface.

[00191 Conversely, cutting or scraping with a scraping member of the present invention can perform a first feature comprising, e.g., axially longitudinal andlor axially transverse proximal cuts that can be comparable to furrows or, alternatively, e.g., conventional perforation cuts through a wall surface and a second feature comprising, e.g., a scraper that urges or squeezes a spreadable substance into the perforations.

[0020] The methods and apparatus of the present invention can cultivate a subterranean wall surface, which is not conventionally practiced nor taught within prior art, to provide significant benefits. The references cited below, typical of prior art, generally pertain to isolated practices for surface treatments, that can be adapted according to the present invention, but which do not provide a system for cultivating a wall surface. The present invention can provide the additional benefit of using arcuately engaged scraper members to prepare a downhole surface for subsequent use, which can be usable with conventional wireline, slickline, coiled tubing and drill strings.

Various exemplary prior art has been cited, wherein other unreferenced prior art can be adapted by those skilled in the art of modification and/or practice who will appreciate that various modifications, additions and substitutions are possible, without departing from the scope and spirit of the invention as disclosed herein. To the extent possible. since applicable conventional practice and prior art do not exist for preparing a subterranean wall surface by cultivating the said surface, said

exempbiy prior art can include:

US 2,708,335 A 0 1/1954 Newton 56/25.4 US 4,762,179 A 08/1986 Wesson, et al. E21B 43/116 US 4,942,664 A 05/1988 Zatulovsky B26B 07/00 US 4,926,557 A 07/1988 Haupt B26B 07/00 US 5,127,473 A 01/1991 Harris, et al. E21B 33/13 US 5,127,477 A 02/1991 Schultz E21 B 49/08 WO 93/19281 Al 03/1992 Hearn. et al. E21B 29/00 WO 96/28635 Al 03/1995 Strong, et al. E21B 17/14 US 5,575,333 A 06/1995 Lirette, et al. E21B 17/10 US 5,785,125 A 10/1996 Royer E21B 17/10 US 5,752,454 A 03/1997 Barton AO1L 05/00 WO 99/10675 Al 08/1997 Hagen F16L 01/20 US 6,052,907 A 07/1998 Wang A01D34/73 US 6,116.344 A 07/1998 Longbottom, et al. E2IB 29/06 US 6,148,918 A 03/1999 Alexander E21B 37/02 WO 02/35055 Al 10/2000 Howlett E21B 37/02 US 6,494,272 B 1 11/2000 Eppink. et a]. E2 I B 07/00 US 7,090.007 B2 04/2001 Stuart-Bruges, et a]. E2 I B 17/10 US 7,040,395 B2 04/2002 Booth E21B 37/02 US 7,325,603 B2 05/2002 Kotlar, et al. E21B 43/22 EP 1,416.118 Al 09/2003 Allison E21B27/02 US 2005/0205264 Al 03/2004 Starr. et al. E21B 23/00 WO 2004/092532 Al 04/2004 Jin. eta]. E2IB 07/18 WO 2005/027615 Al 09/2004 (Iregor AU I B 49/06 WO 2005/0523 11 Al 11/2004 Wain E21B 33/16 US 7.866,384 B2 08/2005 Hall E21B 17/10 WO 2006/048210 Al 10/2005 Orban, et al. E21B 22/138 EP 1,790,779 BI 11/2005 Wunderlich, et al. EO2D 17/13 US 7,966,736 B2 11/2005 Arnetoli AO1D 34/416 US 7,726,028 B2 0 1/2006 Koch, et al. E21B 29/00 US 2007/0227735 Al 03/2006 Rytlewski E2 I B 43/11 EP 1,840,325 B 1 04/2006 Rayssiguier, et al. E2 lB 43/26 US 7,631,702 B2 06/2006 Hansen AOIB 59/00 US 7,559,374 B2 07/2006 Telfer E21B 37/00 US 7,575,056 B2 03/2007 Fuhst, et al. E2IB 29/00 WO 2007/101444 A2 03/2007 Brink, et al. E2 I B 43/112 US 7,757,769 B2 10/2007 Hill, et al. E21B 43/26 EP 2,071,003 Al 12/2007 Drochon, et al. EO9K 08/42 US 7,997,354 B2 12/2007 Radford, et al. E21B 07/28 US 7,588,101 B2 05/2008 Lynde, et al. E21B 43/il US 2008/0277118 Al 07/2008 McAfee E2 I B 43/114 US 7,861,787 B2 09/2008 Russefl E2 I B 43/16 US 8,147,293 B2 10/2008 Hashish E24C 01/00 US 2011/0005185 Al 02/2009 Kato. et al. AO1D 34/73 WO 2009/121882 Al 03/2009 Dean, et al. E21B 33/13 US 8,356,662 B2 04/2009 Winn E21B 37/08 US 2009/0308605 Al 06/2009 McAfcc, ct a]. E2 I B 29/00 US 7,979,991 B2 09/2009 Pfaltzgraff B26B 09/00 US 8,387,693 B2 12/2009 Tunget E21B 33/13 US 2011/0232969 Al 03/20 10 Laird, et al. E21B 10/32 US 2012/0061098 Al 03/2010 Hall E21B 23/00 US 2012/0266705 Al 04/2010 Little, et al. F16H 03/32 US 2012/0285696 Al 05/2010 Richard, et al. E2IB 37/00 0B2471760 A 07/2010 Tunget E21B29/l0 US 2011/0053458 Al 08/20 10 Miller, et al. B24C 3/32 US 2012/0193152 Al 09/2010 Russell, et al. E21B 10/36 Us 8,210.251 B2 10/2010 Lynde, et al. E21B 29/00 EP 2,497.602 Al 10/2010 Otani, et al. B24D 11/00 Us 2013/0014957 Al 12/2010 Hallunbaek, et al. E21B 23/03 GB 2484166 B 07/2011 Tunget E21B29/06 Us 8,418,755 B2 08/2011 Howard, et al. E2IB 33/124 USD662,942 S 08/2011 Kirk, et al, D15/21 W02012/071636 Al 11/2011 Nishimura AOID 101/00 0B2486591 A 12/2011 Tunget E21B17/l0 US 8,376,043 B2 04/20 12 Knobloch, et al. E21B 37/00 GB 2492663 A 07/20 12 Tunget E21B 17/20 US2013/0048271 Al 08/2012 VanLue E21B33/128 Other publications: NORSOK D-010, Revision 4, draft version, 20 December 2012; Oil & Gas UK "Guidelines for the Suspension and Abandonment of Wells," Issue 4 July 2012; Williams, Texas Railroad Commission Oil and Gas Division, "Well Plugging Primer" January 2000; Bureau of Safety and Environmental Management, formerly Minerals Management Service, regulations 250.1710 to 250.1715.

[0021] For example, prior art well surface treatment and apparatus, e.g. EP 1,416,118, US 7,757,769, US 7,861.787, US 8,41 8,755, WO 2006/048210 and WO 2007/101444 teach the positioning of an apparatus, generally comprising a cutter, paelcer and/or jet nozzle, and the releasing of a substances into a region which can be cut, perforated, fractured or permeable, but such prior art is silent to the need for arcuately engaging a draggable cutter and cultivating a wall surface with a scraper member to prepare the wall surface for improved spreadable substance engagement andlor reagent operation andlor ancillary apparatus engagement.

[00221 Prior art, e.g. EP 1,790,779 Bi, teach large scale method and apparatus for trenching that are oversized for a well bore. Vanous prior art, e.g. EP l,840,325B1, WO 2005/052311, teach the application of a spreadable substance 111cc cement and use agriculture terminology like "tilling the well with a metal casing" but are silent to the art of wall surface cultivation.

[0023] Various prior art, e.g. US 8,376,043 B2, US 6,148,918, US 7,559,374, US 7,040,395, US 7,997,354. US 8,356,662 and WO 02/35055, can be adapted for cultivation according to scope and spirit of the embodiments taught by the present invention, but prior is generally silent to cultivation. Conventional practice and prior art has generally involved using filaments, springs, pistons and fluid jets engaged to a shaft or imbedded within a stabilizer blade that can be used to scrape a wall surface by cutting orjetting and removing engaged debris to "clean" the wall surface, but which are silent to cutting into and cultivating a the wall surface. Other prior art, e.g. US 6,494,272, use pistons with eccentric stabilizer blades cutting reaming of a wall surface to produce a substantially cylindrical wall surface plane, but which is silent to the forming, joining and/or reducing amplitude differences in a wall surface and/or longitudinal and/or transverse cultivation of furrows, albeit such prior art can be adapted for use within the scope and spirit of various described embodiments.

[0024] Exemplary prior art cutters, e.g. US 2009/0308605, US 7,631,702, US 20i2/0i93i52 Al, US 5,752,454, WO 96/28635, US 7,575,056, US 8,210,251, US 7,588,iOi, US 8,147,293, US 2008/0277118, US 2011/0053458 andWO 2004/092532, teach various milling arrangements,"harroing" disks, "ploughing" cutters or casing shoes, "no-till" disk opening systems, cutting discs andlor jet cutting tools that seek to cut and destroy a portion of a surface and/or severe one wall surface from another to separate wall completely and not in regions, wherein such prior art is silent to the need for longitudinal and/or transverse cuhivating preparation of a wall surface to improve the its subsequent use by an ancillary apparatus or spreadable substance, albeit, once realized by practitioners, adaptations of such prior art can be usable within the scope and spirit of the present invention.

[0025] Various prior art, e.g. US 7,726,028 and WO 99/10675, teach the longitudinal cutting of a conduit or surface but are silent to arcuate downhole engagement of cutters to a wall sm-face so that said cutters can be flexibly engaged and deflected from a wall surface to prevent, e.g., burying the cutters within the wall surface.

[0026] Other prior art, e.g. WO 93/19281 and WO 2009/121882, teaches the use of a pivotal members for centralizing and stabilizing a milling or sealing assembly but is silent to how the pivotal alTangement can be deployed with scraping cutters from a relatively small diameter passageway and expanded into a significantly larger passageway, and wherein such prior art is also silent also to how a subterranean wall surface can be cultivated such that subsequent milling and/or sealing may become more effective.

[0027] Various exemplary prior art, e.g. PP 2,497,602 Al, describes super abrasive filaments that can be adapted for use with, e.g. US 2,708,335, US 4,926,557, US 4,942,664, US 7,966,736, US 7,979,991, US 2011/0005185 and US 20 12/0266705, which can be further adapted according to the scope and spirit of the present invention to carry andlor deploy an abrasive filament that can be usable to cut one or more subtelTanean wall suitaces as described within various embodiments.

Alternatively, other prior art, e.g. US 6,052,907 and WO 2012/07 1636, which replace flexible filament cutters with more rigid cutters pivotal cutters can also be adapted for use according to and within various embodiments of the present invention.

[00281 Scraper member embodiments may also be deployed using various arcuate linkages and prior art, e.g. US 5,575,333. US 5,785,125, US 7,090,007, US 7,866,384 and US D662,942, that can be adapted according to the scope and spirit of the present invention.

[0029] All suitable actuating prior art, e.g. US 4,762,179, US 5,127,477 and US 2011/0232969, can be adapted for actuating and deactivating vanous embodiments of the present invention.

[0030] Various prior art spreadable substances, e.g. EP 2,071,003 Al, US 5,127,473, US 7,325,603, can be adapted for use within the disclosed scope and spint of the present invention by those skilled in the art. Various other pnor art related to application of a spreadable substance. e.g. US 2012/0285696 which teaches an adaptable diameter but is silent to deployment through a narrow passage and expansion to a larger passage, can be adapted for use with for various scraper member applications.

[0031] Other prior art, e.g. US 6,116,344 and US 2013/0014957, teaches side-tracking and makc rcfcrcncc a "harrow" application or provide means for re-entry into a side-track but are silent to wall surface preparation prior to milling a side-track window and/or subsequent entry or re-entry into the side-track using a portion of a cultivating apparatus selective arranged to be left downhole.

[0032] Prior art also teaches the use of filament wound, fiberglass cloth wound material and other composite plastics, e.g. US 2013/0048271, but is silent to the use of such materials within methods and apparatus of downhole cultivation to, e.g., provide a means of boring through a tool initially used to cultivate and/or scrap a spreadable substance across a wall surface to ensure its engagement.

[0033] Various component member parts of the present invention can use prior art, e.g. US 2005/0205264, US 2007/0227735. US 2012/0061098 and WO 2005/027615. which can be adapted for use within methods and apparatus to provide benefit according to the scope and spirit of the present invention.

[00341 Prior art of the present inventor, e.g. US 8,387,693, GB 2471760, GB 2484166, GB 2486591 and GB 2492663 can be adapted for use within the scope and spirit of the present invention, wherein, e.g., the milling of a surface may be significantly improved or avoided through wall cultivation, and wherein various furrow like tracks produced by a reactive torque tractor of the present inventor can be adapted to furrow cut wafls surrounding an innermost passageway through arcuate engagement linkage adaptations that extend the tractors wheels to a secondary wall surface.

[0035] Conventional and pnor art cementing wiper plugs can be used to urge cement through a casing or perforations within a casing provided they are sized for the casing, but even an adjustable size wiper plug is generally unsuitable for squeezing cement through and around a non-uniform wall surface, wherein, e.g., US 2012/0285696 Al is silent to squeezing cement and making large changes in size between, e.g., 60 millimetre (mm) or 2 3/8 inch (in.) tubing and large casings like 244.5mm (95/8 in.) and 339.7mm (13 3/8 in.) as the plug is pumped through the changes in internal diameter.

[0036] Conversely a low intrusion andlor spreading scraping member of the present invention comprising, e.g.. an adapted pedal basket with secured abrasive cutters and/or flexible pedals can be used to scrape and separate wall sm-face furrows and/or perforations and squeeze, e.g., cement or resin into the wall surface furrows and/or perforations to force cement behind a wall for sealing or to grout the furrows or perforation holes and/or perforation cuts into or through a wall surface to prepare the surface for use by, e.g., an open hole or cased hole inflatable packer.

[0037] Cultivation of a well's bore, conduit or cable wall surfaces can comprise, e.g., primary cutting using a scraper member to provide cutting or tillage and/or secondary scraping cultivation to smooth rough wall surfaces and/or apply a spreadable substance across a wall surface in preparation for engagement of ancillary downhole equipment or other spreadable substances and/or linings to the wall surface. Conventional apparatus and prior art can be adapted to perform the first or primary and second or secondary features of cultivating a subterranean wall surface. It is important to adapt an apparatus so as to inhibit or prevent the burying of the apparatus within the wall surface during cultivation, wherein it can be selectively arranged to, e.g., form a non-binding fuiTow cut that can alleviate the propensity for pinching during knife blade cuts.

[0038] The convention of attempting surgical precision, non-intrusive scraping andlor the complete destruction of a wall surface can cause unnecessary complexities like tool sticking and tool failure within the downhole environment because of various contrary well dements comprising. e.g., the relatively strong form of a circular shape with a surrounding non-homogeneous strata bore that can fracture or be comprised of unconsolidated mineral that decays at a different rate from the associated cement and steel within. Casing or tubing steel is purposely made to be resistant to cutting and intrusion into or severance of its wall surfaces and downhole cables can quickly become tangled around downhole tools attempting to perform a task.

[0039] The problem of downhole intervention is further complicated by differing perspectives within the industry. For example, major service providers are positively incentivised by complexity and downhole problems because their profits are more apt to increase with increased complexity and hole problems than with simplicity and the lack of hole problems. Conversely, operators or producers must pay for complexity and hole problems and are hence incentivised to find simpler and more cost effective means. Unfortunately, the industry is faced with an oligopolistic services industry that lacks the necessary competitive forces to be truly efficient and, as a result, the search for simpler and more cost effective methods and apparatus suffers.

[0040] The art of downhole wall surface preparation was initially simple and began with the use of ropes and cables, but as since progressed to more complex rotary drill pipe operations and, prior to the consolidation of service providers initiated by the oil price crash of 1986, the service industry was very competitive and relatively efficient. The present invention amalgamates the lessons of other arts comprising, e.g. a horticultural weed trimmer, with the advances within the well conduit cutting

II

art, e.g. super abrasive filament strands, to provide method and apparatus usable to provide simpler and more cost effective downhole wall surface preparation.

[0041] Prior art discloses the genus of wall surface preparation, but it does not anticipate the species of downhole surface cultivation, which is comparable to surface cultivation, and which can be used to prepare a wall suited for engagement by ancillary equipment or substances. Prior art is silent to subterranean wall surface cultivation, which can reduce a cut's precision while limiting the necessary area of wall surface removal. Accordingly, the present invention may not be anticipated from prior art with sufficient specificity to solve the problems described herein.

[0042] Various problems relating to tangling, sealing and/or severance can be caused by the application of tension or compression associated with axial movement, or torque associated with axial rotation, wherein the resistance of steel tubing and casing to cutting, axial movement andlor axial rotation combined with the inclusion of cables, which are necessary for various operations involving valves, gauges and/or other downhole equipment, can cause serious downhole problems.

[0043] Other cutting, sealing andlor removal problems can relate to the strength of a circular shape, diameters, depths and the relative location of bores, conduits andlor cables to each other that cause a combination of problems that can inhibit or prevent access within a well and which can be veiy difficult to cost effectively solve.

[0044] A need exists for simpler and improved removal of all or portions of a bore's, conduit's or cable's wall surface using more reliable cutting or severance that can be used across a combination of one or more bores, conduits andlor cables.

[0045] Problems relating to excessive vibration and equipment failure that occur during the milling or cutting of bore, conduit and/or cable wall surfaces can cause failure and stuck equipment, which can prevent rig-less milling and cause problems for drilling rigs, which must remove a well's protcctivc barriers to perform such work.

[0046] A need exists for improved milling operations, wherein such operations can benefit from first cultivating a subterranean wall sm-face prior to said milling. A further need exists for replacing downhole milling with a simpler and less costly means that is reliable and usable with rig-less operations when, e.g., sealing of the lower end of the well bore is required during, e.g., suspension, side-tracking and abandonment.

[0047] Other well surface preparation problems can relate to open hole side-tracks where kicking off of a cement plug to drill a branch from a suspended or abandoned main bore can be difficult and require several costly attempts when bottom hole assemblies (BHA's) tend to migrate away from harder rock and back into softer cement within the original bore when it is uncertain how long to wait or perceived to be too costly to wait on the curing of settable cement.

[00481 A further need exits for reducing the costs of surface preparation by i) reducing the complexity of wall surface preparation; (ii) demonstrating an easier approach to operators to overcome the service company prejudice toward the profits of hole problems; (iii) providing andior adapting conventional and pnor art tools according to the scope and spirit of the present invention for use during cultivation; iv) providing relatively small diameter tools that can be effectively used to change from a small diameter to a larger diameter with well bores and conduits to reduce the investment in tools, spares and off-the-shelf variations so as to lower the cost of downhole wall surface preparations.

[00491 The question being answered by the present invention is how the presently complex operation of subterranean wall surface preparation can be made simpler.

Historically, the complex problems of subterranean wall surface preparation has not prompted skilled persons to modify or adapt the closest prior art because, despite having the means to cut rock and steel, persons skilled in the art of subterranean wall surface preparation are not skilled in the art of cultivation whereby it is perceived that rock and steel are too hard and too dense to apply the art of cultivation.

[0050] A simpler means of cutting cables and/or rig-lessly miffing wall surfaces within a well is needed because cables can cause serious issues comprising, e.g., leak paths and/or the tangling and sticking of tools, which is costly and can be dangerous. while the vibrations caused by milling can be equally problematic with the destruction and/or sticking of downh&e tools. Combining the teachings of the art of cultivation with subterranean wall surface preparation has not, generally, been afforded a reasonable expectation or likelihood of success because longitudinal cuts along a well bore are generally not practiced and a single transverse cut across a well bore can be complex enough without undertaking numerous transverse longitudinal cuts.

Surprisingly, however, once the problem is formulated and overcome it becomes easy to see how the practice of primary and secondary cultivation can be applied to various complex problems to simplify and alleviate them.

[0051] It is not the practice within an oligopolistic services market, where 75% of the service market is controlled by four companies, to caiy out experiments with adaptations of simple and low profit margin downhole equipment to determine alternatives to the known higher profit ways of overcoming the problems of the real or imagined technical obstacle. The adaptation of cultivation to a subterranean wall has the surprising result where, e.g., fulTows and the dislodging of debns to form wall surface regions can be usable to treat and/or avoid milling entire wall surfaces.

[0052] Various embodiments are disclosed so as to be appreciated by persons in the arts of downhole tool adaptation and/or use, wherein only the details necessary for elucidating various solutions, which can ay outside of the art of downhole wall preparation, are provided. Various aspects of the present invention lie in realizing what the problem is, e.g. using a less precise and less intrusive form of wall preparation that, once realized, may be obvious, and whereby the solution may, in practice. involve minimal apparatus adaptation andlor method steps. Accordingly, adaptions for the subtelTanean cultivation of a wall surface could not have been obvious prior to disclose, otherwise such cultivation would have been taught within

prior art and conventionally practiced.

[0053] A need exists for a means of cutting that is intermediate to conventional severance and conventional milling, wherein the controlled slicing or slot cutting in or through one or more the bores, conduits and/or cables of a subtcrrancan wcll's wall surfaces can be cost effectively implemented without a significant risk of becoming pinched by or stuck within the edges of the wall surface cut.

[0054] A need exists for cutting and/or avoiding tangling within downhole caNes during the treatment of various wall surfaces, which may comprise strata, cement and/or metal which can have be either relatively thin walls or relative thick walls having a vanety of surfaces, wherein significant benefit is realized by using a smaller number of tools that can be used extended and retracted from a relatively small diameter to a relatively large diameter for engagement to and disengagement from a wall surface during treatment of the wall surface.

[00551 A need exits for removing the need for milling operations or reducing the vibration and improving the efficiency of milling, reaming and under reaming operations and jointed and coiled string operations from drilling rigs and rig-less arrangements.

[0056] A need exists for improved preparation of wall surfaces and cementing within for open hole suspension, abandonment and side-tracks. A further and related need exists for improvements in setting cement plugs, improvements in the strength of cement plugs and improvements in securing cement to strata and/or casing.

[0057] A related and significant need exists for providing improved and/or more efficient means of sealing wells by squeezing cement into perforations, fractures and/or proppant fractures formed by the proliferation of shale gas and tight sand development that purposely fracture rock formations and insert proppant to prevent the rock for sealing, which make the rock significantly more productive and exponentially harder to seal at the end of a well's economic life when flow from the fractures can represent an environment and safety concern.

[0058] Small diameter well intervention and wall surface preparation tools necessary to cost effectively access many wells can lack sufficient metal thickness and associated strength to expand from the small diameters of tubing the large diameter of casings and the variety of tool sizes and tool spare part inventories necessary for sized and arranged to fit within each conventional tubing and casing size are expensive to build and maintain.

[0059] A need exists for small diameter tools of sufficient metal thickness and strength to cut wall surfaces both longitudinally and transverse to the longitudinal axis of a well that can expand from the smallest diameter commonly used tubing internal diameter to the larger diameter commonly used casing internal diameters to reduce the cost of building and maintaining a tool set capable wall surface treatment.

[0060] A related need exists for more efficient and cost effect subterranean wall surface preparation that can reduce cost for operators and provide service profit through simplicity, ease of implementation and the universal sizing and minimizing of tool inventories and tool spare part inventories.

[0061] Various aspects of the present invention address these needs.

SUMMARY

[0062] Accordingly. preferred embodiments of the present invention provide method (1) and an apparatus (2) for cultivating the surface of a subterranean well bores', conduits' or cables' wall for use with ancillary apparatus (7) or a spreadable substance (8).

[0063] Preferred embodiments can be adapted or formed using at least one apparatus (2) with a surface hoistable shaft (3) member carrying a radially extendable and retractable arcuate engagement linkage (4) member that flexibly engages and allows deflection of an associated draggable scraper member (5) to and from a wall surface (6) of a bore, conduit or cable of a subterranean well to, in use, cultivate said wall surface for use by an ancillary apparatus (7) or spreadable substance (8) engageable thereto, and wherein cultivating said wall surface with said apparatus comprises selectively arranging said shaft. arcuate engagement linkage and scraping members to flexibly engage to and allow deflection from said wall surface along the axis of said subtelTanean well to at least longitudinally or transversely drag said scraping member across said wall surface to at least longitudinally or transversely separate or join said wall surface into at least longitudinally or transversely separated or joined wall surface regions (9) or a crossing lattice of said separated or joined wall surface regions for use by said ancillary apparatus or spreadable substance placed within said subtelTanean well and engaged with said separated or joined wall surface regi oils.

[0064] Preferred embodiments can be characterized by operating said scraper member along said axis to longitudinally or transversely cut concave perforations (10), furrows (II), or combinafions thereof, said separations in the plane of said wall surface to longitudinally or transversely separate said wall surface regions relative to said axis of said subterranean well.

[0065] Preferred embodiments can be further characterized by operating said scraper member along said axis to longitudinally or transversely join said separate wall surface regions by reducing the amplitude (12) of a convex or concave protrusion out of or into the plane of said wall surface by cutting or grouring (13) said convex or concave protrusion with a cutter or grout, respectively, to, in use, substantially reduce the amplitude of said wall surface protrusions with reduced amplitude longitudinal or transverse convex or concave protrusions from or into said wall surface relative to said axis of said subterranean well.

[00661 Members within embodiments can be adapted or formed and selectively arranged to be interoperable with other members. For example, scrapping members can be carried by a shaft (3) that can be dnven, rotated, hoisted, reciprocated or oscillated along a longitudinal axis or transverse to the longitudinal axis of a well's bores, conduits or cable to affect a wall surface thereof. Various conventional and prior art means can be adapted for use, wherein various invented and/or adapted members can be included, which can be anchored against rotation in one apparatus member relative rotation in another apparatus member. Alternatively, e.g., shaft, piston, wedge, and/or cam actuated members can be used and can be interoperable with each other members to move scraper, cutter andJor spreader members or member parts that can rotationally or axially engage members to the wall surfaces of a wellbore [00671 Various embodiments can be used form perforations (10) andlor furrows (11) in a wall surface by dislodging debris from said perforating or furrowing to form a plurality of separated wall surface regions or a lattice of wall surface regions.

[0068] Related embodiments can be selectively arranged to prepare a plurality of wall surfaces by removing debris or at least a portion of a first said wall surface to expose at least a second said wall surface obstructed by the first wall surface.

[0069] Scraper member embodiments can urge the reduction (12) of disruption in a wall surface and/or spread a substance across a wall surface to grout (13) disruptions in the wall surface.

[0070] Embodiments can comprise or use an actuating member andlor deactivating member, selectively arranged with other apparatus members, to selectively or intermittently operate a cultivating apparatus.

[007 ii Other related embodiments can have a measurement (97) member selectively arnmged with other said members to empirically measure through the wall of a wall surface to selectively or intermittently operate apparatus embodiments.

[0072] Various related embodiments may use axial string transferred energy (33), fluid energy (34), electrical energy (35) and/or energy from a chemical reaction (36).

[0073] Various other related embodiments can use a hydrostatic fluid volume (43) compressible and expandable with hydrostatic pressure at an associated depth within said subterranean well to selectively or internñttently operate apparatus embodiments.

[0074] Related embodiments can use a fluid valve (44) and/or fluid choice (45) to selectively or intermittently operate said apparatus.

[0075] Various related embodiments can use at least one tubular (27) member selectively arranged to be interoperable with other members to provide fluid flow through (28) or about (29) an apparatus member.

[0076] Other r&ated embodiments can use a pivotal (41) member selectively arranged with other said members to selectively or intermittently operate an apparatus embodiment.

[0077] Various other related embodiments use axial movement of (38) andlor axial rotation of 39) relative to a wall surface or another apparatus member to operate embodiments.

[0078] Still other related embodiments can use a motor (42) andJor pump (40) selectively arranged to be interoperable with other embodiment members.

[0079] for example, interoperability between embodiment members and other actuating embodiment member parts can comprise time or distance measuring, temperature or pressure responsiveness and/or any counter or counting means that can be used to selectively operate or actuate embodiments at various similar or disparate below ground features, depths andlor conditions. Embodiments can be further actuated or driven by, e.g., hydraulic or pneumatic motors, pistons and/or valves powered by surface or downhole pumps, and/or electrical motors, solenoids and/or circuits powered by surface or downhole generators and/or batteries. Hydraulic, pneumatic and/or electrical initiated explosive actuators and/or explosive actuated or operated cutters/scrapers/spreaders can also be used by the present invention.

[008W Alternatively, e.g., explosive, mechanical and/or fluid actuation can be used with the present invention to operate a scraper or arcuate member, which can comprise, e.g., aituate shaped pedals. actuate deployed cutters or arcuately deployed fluid jets that can act on the wall surface of a bore, conduit andlor cable.

[0081] Embodiments can use: edged (14) andlor abrasive (15) cutters; nozzles (16) andlor baskets (17); filaments (18), spnng (19) andlor piston (20): andlor bow andior coiled springs or filaments as apparatus members.

[00821 Embodiments can use aho use a downhole ploughing (21) scraping member comprising a: mainshare 22), foreshare (23), rnouldboard (24), coulter (25) andlor cut regulator (26) member parts selectively arranged to be interoperable with other members or member parts.

[00831 Various embodiments can use rigid (30), flexible (31) and/or expandable (32) members selectively arranged to be interoperable with other said members.

[00841 For example, arcuate mechanisms or member embodiments can deploy scraping members from the shaft of the apparatus using, e.g., springs, bow springs and/or filaments, or an arcuate fluid jet that can interact with strata, tubing, downhole cables and/or casing, wherein the mechanical or fluid arcuate mechanism can be extendaNe and retractable when lowering, raising or reciprocating an associated member or tool string relative to a central string member extending from a hoisting rnems at the top of a well to a lower end thereof.

[00851 Also, e.g., embodiments of scraper members can be operated by the apparatus shaft or arcuate mechanisms or members to spread, perforate, cut, weaken, bend and/or separate a wall surface of a well's bores, conduits and/or cables at a previously prepared or at an unprepared depth using mechanical or abrasive fluid means that can be operated with jointed pipe. coiled pipe and/or cable or rope tool strings that can be draggable and detlectable radially and longitudinally using movable, whirling and/or radial disposable parts to deploy, for example (e.g.), abrasive filaments, knives, discs and/or jetting nozzles to clean or dislodge debris and partially or fully disassemNe or dissolve a wall surface or. alternatively, to assemble a wall surface by placing a spreadable substance or cement with, e.g., an expandable conduit, spreading wiper or scraper.

[00861 Various embodiments can use a fibre (47) and/or plastic (48). For example, an apparatus member embodiment can include, e.g., fibre glass. composite plastics or fibrous matenal placed laterally, wherein the apparatus can be selectively arranged to prevent burying of an apparatus member within the surface of the wall or arranged so as to leave an apparatus member within or attached to a downhole wall's surface, which can be usable to, e.g., provide strength to a settable substance or cohesion to ancillary equipment.

[0087] Other embodiments can use a whipstock (50) and/or be selectively alTanged to expand from a 60.325 millimetre or 2 3/8 inch API tubing dnft diameter to a casing diameter.

[0088] Various other embodiments can app'y a spreadable substance to seal about a wall surface for temporary suspension or seal about a wall surface to provide a geologic time frame abandonment seal. For example, embodiments can include a treating member having an actuatable packer usable to spread and/or inject a substance into a wall surface of a formation or act on a fracture or crevice, or through the permeability or pores of a rock to block a proximate wall surface zone or region.

Embodiments can comprise vibrating (46) or tamping members for scraping a surface to, e.g., grout a substance like cement into a strata wall surface's fractures, pores or permeability.

[0089] Embodiments can, e.g., interact with a wail surface to cause fractures or crevices in preparation for further treatment, wherein such treatments can further comprise dislodging wall portions for gravitational or circulated fluid disposal using, e.g., fluid jetting, fluid washes and/or acid treatments can be used to treat a surface.

[0090] Embodiments can, e.g., be used with various cementing or plugging techniques to repair or abandon a well bore, conduit or cable, wherein a settable substance. e.g. cement or resin, may be discharged at various levels to provide sealing after downhole wall surface preparation.

[009i] Embodiments can also, e.g., be usable with disparate below ground features, e.g., damaged casing, cement squeezes, faults, washouts and high pressure water flows, to frmnow or hanow a wall's surface in a longitudinal and/or transverse longitudinal orientation to the axis of a well's bores, conduits and/or cables walls, which can be used to engage ancillary equipment and/or spreadable substances.

[0092] Embodiments can, e.g., be used with or adapted with placeable and/or movable anchors, packers, p'ugs or inflatables with or without seals or slip segments engagable to a wall's surface using, e.g., serrated or jagged edged parts or expandable parts. Various embodiment member parts can be attachable and detachable or have controllable primary or bypass passageways usable to control fluid flow through the anchors, plugs or jets being engaged to a wall's surface via fluid or mechanical means.

[0093] Various embodiments can also be used, adapted, andlor formed and selectively arranged to inhibit or prevent burying of a cultivating apparatus within a wall surface during its treatment using the flexibility of an arcuate member.

[0094] Accordingly. method (1) and apparatus (2) of the present invention can be used to prepare downhole wail surfaces in various ways using scraping members acruately deployed from a shaft of a bottom hole assembly to provide or reduce disturbances across a subterranean wall surface.

[0095] Various other feature of the present invention are further described in the claims.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0096] Prefened embodiments of the invention are described below by way of example only. with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which: [0097] Figures 1 and 2 show embodiments with various features of a subterranean well.

[0098] Figures 3 to 6 depict embodiments with various rig types.

[0099] Figures 7 illustrates an abandonment embodiment.

[0100] Figures 8 to 11 show various prior art well environments.

[0101] Figures 12 to 21 depict wall surface cultivation embodiments.

[0102] Figures 22 and 23 show diagrammatic cmbodimcnts.

[0103] Figures 24 to 36 illustrate prior art.

[0104] Figures 37 to 43 show various rotary string embodiments.

[0105] Figures 45 to 46 depict a completion intervention embodiment.

[0106] Figures 47 and 48 illustrate a scraper member substance application embodiment.

[0107] Figures 49 and 50 show a rotary coiled string embodiment, [0108] Figures 51 to 66 depict various embodiments that can be used with arcuate spring.

[0109] Figures 67 and 68 illustrate a casing wall surface embodiment.

[0110] Figures 69 to 86 show various bascule or seesaw-like linkage embodiments.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE EMBODIMENTS

[0111] Before explaining selected embodiments of the present invention in detail, it is to be understood that the present invention is not limited to the particular embodiments described herein, and that the present invention can be practiced or carried out in various ways. The disclosure and description herein is illustrative and explanatory of one or more presently prefelTed embodiments and variations thereof, and it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that various changes in the design, organization, order of operation, means of operation, equipment structures and location, methodology, and use of mechanical equivalents may be made without departing from the spirit of the invention.

[0112] As well, it should be understood that the drawings are intended to illustrate and plainly disclose presently prefelTed embodiments to persons of skill in the art, but are not intended to be manufacturing level drawings or renditions of final products and may include simplified conceptual views as desired for easier and quicker understanding or explanation. As well, the relative size and arrangement of the components may differ from that shown and still operate within the spirit of the invention.

[0113] Moreover, it will be understood that various directions such as "upper," "lower," "bottom," "top," 1eft," "right," and so forth are made only with respect to explanation in conjunction with the drawings, and that the components may be oriented differently, for instance, during transportation and manufacturing as well as operation.

[0114] Various method embodiments (IA-I AK) and various apparatus embodiments (2A- 2AK) of the present invention's claimed method embodiments (1) and claimed apparatus embodiments (2) are taught herein, wherein sequencing progresses from A to Z followed by AA to AK. Exemplary embodiments, substantially as described herein, with reference to: (A) Figures Ito 2; (B) to (L) of Figures 3,4,5.6.7, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16 and 17, respectively; (M) Figures 18 to 21, (N) Figure 22, (0) Figure 23, (P) Figures 37 to 38, (Q) Figures 39 to 41, (R) Figure 42, (S) Figure 43, (T) Figures 44 to 46, (U) Figures 47 to 48, (V) Figures 49 to 50, (W) Figure 51, (X) Figures 52 to 54, (Y) Figure 55. Z) Figures 56 to 57, AA) Figures 58 to 59. (AB) Figures 60 to 62, (AC) Figures 63 to 64, (AD) Figures 65 to 66, (AE) Figures 67 to 68, (AF) Figures 69 to 70, (AG) Figure 71, (AH) Figure 72, (Al) Figures 73 to 77, (Al) Figures 78 to 79 and (AK) Figures 80 to 86 of the accompanying drawings teach the cultivation of a surfacc of a subtcrrancan wclI borcs', conduits' or cabics' wall, wherein because many varying and different embodiments may be made within the scope of the concepts herein taught, and because many modifications may be made in the embodiments described herein, it is to be understood that the details herein are to be interpreted as illustrative and non-limiting.

[0115] Referring now to Figures 1 and 2, which show a method (1) embodiment (lA) and apparatus (2) embodiment (2A), shown as a dashed line, in the left hand diagrammatic elevation view of a slice through the subterranean strata with installed well equipment and a right hand diagrammatic elevation view representing the same well, respectively, wherein section lines A-A, B-B and C-C are provided relative to the well and strata.

[0116] The method (1A) can be used to, e.g., form or usc an apparatus's (2A) shaft (3A) member that can be hoisted into and out of the well from and to the surface. An arcuate acting centralizer (4A) member can radially deploy, e.g., an abrasive filament scraper (5A) member that can act upon a wall surface (6A) and, e.g., be axially rotated relative to the longitudinal axis of the wellbore to separate the wall surface into regions (9A) for use with an ancillary apparatus (7A) or spreadable substance (8A).

[0117] The method embodiment (1) is further usable with an apparatus embodiment (2) to, e.g., perform a mini-frac where the transverse thngitudinal furrows (II) formed by a scraper (5) radially deployed from an arcuate linkage (4) and shaft (3) are treated with a spreadable fluid (18) carrying an ancillary proppant (7) urged into the furrows to fracture and further separate wall surface (6) regions (9).

[01181 Within the presently described invention it is to be understood that the strata below line A-A of the Figures 1 and 2 represents any of the Quaternary and Neogene penod or older epochs; with the strata below line B-B representing any of the Paleogene period, Oligocene. Eocene and Paleocene or older epochs; and strata below C-C representing any Cretaceous. Jurassic, Triassic, Permian, Carboniferous or older period late, middle and early epochs. It is to be understood that the strata below line D-D of Figures 3 to 6 represents any of the lines A-A, B-B or C-C geologic period epochs of Figures 1 to 2.

[01191 As subtelTanean wells (52) have many components, simplified well schematics (e.g. 52 of Figures 2) are conventionally used to provide focus upon communicated aspects. Hence, it is to be understood that a schematic weB diagram of Figure 2 is equivalent to a more detailed well diagram of Figure 1, below the section line A-A.

It is to be understood that the various embodiments described in Figures 3 to 7, Figures 12 to 23 and Figures 42 to 86 can be used with the features of Figures 1 and 2, except where noted. Fur hermore, it is to be understood that the various weB (52) features described in Figures 1 and 2, Figures 8 to 11, Figures 22 and 23 and Figures 42 to 46 can be interchangeable and applicable to various other embodiments.

[0120] Referring now to: embodiments of Figures ito 7, Figures 12 to 23 and Figures 37 to 86, it is to be understood that "cultivation" of a subterranean well bore wall surface (6) can comprise: i) a scraping feature that substanfially cuts a surface to form concave tracks that are, e.g., perforated, dug, sliced, blasted or otherwise cut into a wall surface to separate proximal surface regions and/or ii) a scraping feature to join and/or reduce the amplitude of convex or concave protrusions from or tracks cut into a wail surface that separate proximal surface regions to prepare the surface for use, whcrcin "cultivation" is to bc understood according to the ordinary meaning of the word, which can be proximally comparable to, e.g.. the refinement or development of a wall surface for subsequent use or, e.g., primary andlor secondary agricultural cultivation of a surface for subsequent use.

[0121] The method (1) and apparatus (2) for cultivation of a surface can comprise scraping that can be similar to ploughing, harrowing or tillage where a cutting implement is scraped across strata, metal or other downhole surfaces. A cut-Uke or trench-like furrow (11) in a subterranean wall surface of a well can be made by a hard or filament cutter, disc, chisel-like or plow-like cutter to provide a track, marked narrow depression, groove or deep wrinkle within a downhole wall surface or a surface of the terrain. Any filament, disc, knife or chisel can be adapted to harrow, till or plough and, thus, form a scrapper member that is drug across and cultivates a surface with limited disruption to other parts of the surface outwith a furrow. A feature of filament, disc, knife, chisel or jet nozzle scrapper members can be to form a perforation (10) or furrow (11) to loosen or dis'odge a portion of the wall surface debns from the wall surface to form longitudinal or transverse longitudinal separations in a wall's surface that resemble cuts, trenches or furrows.

[0122] A feature of subtelTanean wall surface cultivation for both method (1) and apparatus (2) embodiments can comprise a concave cutting cultivation using, e.g., harrowing or tilling scraper members that can provide a track, disruption, slot, groove or crevice into a wall surface that disrupts the continuity of the wall surface to form a single perforation-like (10) cut or fulTow-like (II) cut that can separate wall surface regions and, thus, develop the wall surface for subsequent use.

[0123] Another feature of subterranean wall surface cuhivation for both method (I) and apparatus (2) embodiments can comprise scrapping convex or concave disruptions or interruptions in the plane of a wall surface plane using a member that is scrapped across a wall surface area to urge a reduction (12) of wall surface disruptions and/or perforations (10) or furrows (ii) therein, and wherein the feature of subterranean wall surface cultivation can also comprise scrapping a spreadable substance across disruptions or intelTuptions in a wall surface to smooth the wall surface or grout (13) across disruptions or interruptions in a wall surface and, thus, refine the wall surface for subsequent use.

[01241 In the agricultural form of cultivation soils of the terrain are significantly less dense per unit of volume and exponentially easier to cultivate than hard rock. The arts of well construction and weB destruction have developed, over centuries of practice, vanous means for cutting or scraping a wall surface that can be used to cultivate a wall surface comprising rock, cement, metal and/or other downhole materials, whereby adaptation of conventional and prior art apparatuses within the art of drilling through rock, well intervention and/or abandonment can be performed, according to the present invention, to cultivate a subterranean wall surface.

[0125] Accordingly, method (1) and apparatus (2) embodiment use scrapper members to treat a wall surface to create cut-like or trench-like perforation (10) or furrow (Ii) disruptions in a wall surface and/or method (I) and apparatus (2) embodiments use scrapper members to reduce wall surface disruptions to refine or develop wall surfaces for subsequent use, as is the convention with the art of cultivation. Any suitable downhole prior art scraper-like members comprising, e.g., plough-like, chisel-like, disc-like, explosive and/or pointedly abrasive implements can be adapted to form a first feature embodiment, while any suitaNe downhole conventional or prior art scraper apparatus comprising, e.g., disc harrows, tine halTows, pedal basket harrows and/or bladed harrows can be adapted to form a second feature embodiment.

[0126] Method (1) and apparatus embodiments can be used on various components of a well's (52) architecture, which generally comprises various cemented (58) and uncemented casing (53 to 57) and strata (100 to 115) bores (59). Casings may comprise various sizes, for example, conduits (56, 57) can represent a liner that passes through an intermediate casing (54) conduit or production casing (55) conduit or a surface or conductor casing (53) conduit, around which an uncemented annulus andlor cemented (58) annulus can exist. Injection or production tubing (60) can be from within a wellhead (61) or tree (62) at the tubing's upper end with a tubing hanger (78), which can have a lower end wireline entry guide (77), and can be anchored within a casing (55-57) using one or more anchors or packers (76).

Various sizes of crossovers or swags (80) and receptacles or nipples (79) can be included within a tubing (60) string for location of ancillary equipment like plugs, valves, gauges or chokes.

[01271 Various forms of engaged debris. e.g. NORM orLSA scale, or loose debris, e.g. strata debris, screened out unused proppant debris and/or perforating debris, can be present within or around the tubing (60) or casing (55-57). Debris can also comprise a functional downhole ancillary apparatus that is no longer of value to the user, which can become debris because it inhibits or prevents access to a wall surface in the well. Various embodiments can dislodge debris using primary or secondary cultivation of a wall surface to prepare it for use by a well user preferred ancillary apparatus or spreadable substance.

[0128] A well (57) can have a valve tree (62) communicating with the tubing (60) and engaged to a welihead (61) within which casings (53-55) may be hung then cemented (58) in place within the strata level (100-115), wherein the wellhead (61) and tree (62) can be at ground level (63) or mud line below sea level (64).

[0129] The above ground (63) valve tree (62) shown can be adapted for above or below sea level (64). referred to as subsea, use, wherein a conventional valve tree configuration represents primary (65) and secondary (66) master valves usable with the production valve (67) to flow production through the flow line (68), If the free cap (69) is removed and a rig (51) is erected to the tree's upper end, the swab valve (70) and master valves (65, 66) may be opened to access the production conduit (60) through the subsurface safety valve (71), wherein said subsurface safety valve (SSSV) can be operated with a control cable (72) using, e.g., hydraulic fluid. Various types and sizes of cables (72) can be used within a well and are commonly engaged to the tubing (60) with control line clamps (81 of Figure 12). A conventional welthead (61) generally uses multiple annulus valves (73, 74) to access annulus between the various well conduits (53, 54, 55, 60), wherein the arger shallow annuli can be exposed to normally pressured formations and, hence, can be left open without valves (75).

[0130] It is to be understood that any strata (101-115) wall surface accessible by a well (52) bore can be cultivated using a primary or secondary cultivation using embodiments of the present invention. Wall surface primary or secondary cultivation methods or apparatus engagement with a strata bore (59) can be adapted to suit mineral and chemical composition, which can be generally classified by the texture of the constituent particles and by the processes that formed them, which separate rocks into igneous, sedimentary. and metamorphic. Igneous rocks may comprise, e.g., granite and basalt basalt, which are particularly hard to bore through. While granite is often bored within wells, the majority of strata targeted for boring comprise sedimentary rocks formed at or near the earth's surface by deposition of either clastic sediments, organic matter, or chemical precipitates (evaporates), followed by compaction of the particulate matter and cementation during diagenesis.

Sedimentary rocks may comprise, for example, mud rocks such as mudstone, shale, claystone, siltstone or sandstones and carbonate rocks such as limestone or dolomite.

Metamorphic rocks are formed by subjecting any rock type (including previously formed metamorphic rock) to different temperature and pressure conditions than those in which the original rock was formed, and hence may be prevalent in many well bores.

[0131] When constructing or destructing a well bore, conduit andior cable wall surfaces must be cut to facilitate removal and/or installation of various well features or tools and materials associated with the construction or destruction of a well. As cameras are rarely operable or useful within dark murky, fluid subtelTanean environments it is important to blindly control cutting operations that cannot be visually witnessed during passageway to prevent unplanned events.

[0132] The art of subterranean well (52) construction, intervention, suspension and abandonment comprises blindly constructing or destructing downhole bores and wall surfaces within a borehole through strata or conduits therein. Various surface indications of the downhole operations associated with conduit or cable deployment and/or installation of wefi members can be used for selective actuation and/or operation of downhole tools and may comprise, e.g., axial or rotational energy transferred through a string (33) from the suiface. Motor andior electrical energy (35) can also be transferred through a string, a downhole electrical generator andlor battery, wherein energy cm aLo be transferred through a flowing or pumped fluid (34) and/or energy transferred through a chemical reacdon (36) using fluids like acids or substances like reagents or explosives.

[0133] Energy and downhole signals transferred through, as well as signals passed back through, andlor surface indications relating to the performance of work can be passed through the strata, a fluid with the bore, the tubing or casing lining a bore string and/or a string comprising, e.g., drill pipe, coiled tubing, electric wireline, slickline and/or cable, which can be used to sdectively operate a downhole apparatus andlor adapted apparatus or invented apparatus embodiment, whereby an assembly of tools and/or embodiment members, often refened to as a bottom hole assembly (130, BHA), can be deployed at the lower end of the string used to perform well work along a well's axial length between its upper end wellhead (61) or valve tree (62) and its lowest end.

[0134] During vanous well construction and well deconstruction or abandonment operations various planned and unplanned events can require cutting and/or treating of wall surfaces, wherein the cultivating or slicing, slot, trench and/or furrowing cutting of a wall surface of a bore, conduit or cable can be preferred or necessary for effective operations.

[0135] As gross or uncontrolled clownhole cutting of walls and bores within a subterranean well may exacerbate well construction or destruction challenges, it is important to selectively arrange strings, BHA's and a cultivating apparatus for selective operation, especially when the downhole environment is relatively unknown, e.g., cutting of the strata during directional drilling, cutting of various materials during fishing operations where tools have been lost dowrihole and may rest or move iii unpredictable ways, or when drill pipe, casing or tubing have collapsed, burst or parted and well integrity can or has been lost.

[0136] Various conventional and prior art downhole cutting tools are designed for making grossly controlled and relatively large gouging cuts of walls and bores along a single cut plane transverse to the longitudinal axis of the well, e.g. drill bits and milling arrangements, while other cutting operations require a controlled slice or slot cut of a single wall or bore surface. Such conventional apparatus can, however, be adapted according to the present invention to become embodiments and cultivate a wall surface. For example, cutters may be secured to the BHA that cut wall surfaces along the longitudinal axis of the well bore, which can be combined with bits and under-reamers to prepare a wall surface for improved combined drilling and under reaming operations.

[01371 Very few conventional or pnor art tools exist for cutting longitudinally and few conventional or prior art tools exist to cut a relatively controlled slot or slice cut through a plurality of wall surfaces within a subterranean well. For example, cutting tools that involve a revolving knife, insert or abrasive cutters can become stuck in the first wall surface cut when trying to extend through the wall and cut a second wall surface while conventional chemical cutters can lose either the pressure or the accuracy to extend ajet through one cut wall surface to the next. Various conventional cutting tools can be adapted according to the present invention to form embodiments that can, e.g., cut a guiding longitudinal furrow within a first wall surface to improve orientation and provide a slot for cutting a second wall surface through a first wall surface.

[0138] Conventional or prior art abrasive grit cutters exist, which can use, e.g., sand or other hard materiab carried by a fluid jet of slurry that may be controlled so as to provide a slicing slot like cut through a plurality of conduits; however sufficient quantities of grit for cutting multiple conduits generally require supply from the surface and the downh&e logistics of calTying hoses and controlling the extent of the cut can be very difficult for slot cuts at relatively shallow depths and virtually impossible at relatively deep subterranean depths. Downhole jetting tools can be adapted, according to the present invention, to become embodiments that can be used to, e.g., dislodge debris and, thus, pick up sand and other abrasive or hard materials to further dislodge or erode a wall surface, which have been cut longitudinally and traverse to the well's axis to form lattice wall surface regions that can be dislodged, especially for casing or liners where pore cement bonding exists.

[0139] Various conventional or prior art rotational knife or fluid jet cutters rotate around a central tool axis to sever walls and bores with a relatively precise cut that in the axially transverse plane, but can have significant misalignment problems when cutting rotation forms a slight helical path and, thus does not fully severe the conduit. Within the art of cutting knives and swords, the connection between such a helically misaligned cut slot is sometimes referred to as a "tang," which restricts longitudinal separation of wall or bore. Conventional and prior art can be adapted according to the present invention to form embodiments that reduce propensity interference from a cut misalignment tang by cultivating the wall surface with 1ongitudina and/or traverse wall surface separations that will ultimately prevent tangs despite any misalignment during the cut.

[0140] Referring now to Figures 3,4, 5 and 6, which are elevation views depicting method (1) embodiments (1B, 1C, 1D and 1E) and apparatus (2) embodiments (2B, 2C, 2D and 2E) of onshore drilling rig, offshore drilling rig, coiled tubing rig and a wireline or slickline rig, respectively, with section lines D-D below each Figure. which is understood to represent any of the geothgic sections line A-A, B-B or C-C of Figures 1 and 2.

[0141] The method (1B, 1C, 1D, 1E) can be used to, e.g., form or usc an apparatus's (2B, 2C, 2D, 2E) shaft (3B. 3C, 3D, 3E) member that can be hoisted into and out of the well from and to the surface using a land drilling rig (51 B) string, offshore drilling rig (SiC) string, coiled tubing rig (51D) string or cable rig (51E) string. An arcuate linkage (4B, 4C, 4D, 4E) member can radially deploy a scraper (SB, 5C,5D, SE) member that can act upon a wall surface (ÔB, 6C, 6D, 6E) and be oriented to the longitudinal axis of the welibore to separate the wall surface into regions (9B, 9C, 9D, 9E) for use with an anciflaiy apparatus (7B, 7C, 7D, 7E) or spreadable substance (8B, 8C, 8D, SE).

[0142] The method embodiment (1) is further usable to, e.g., prepare a wall surface (6) by cultivating longitudinal or transverse longitudinal wall regions (9) separated by digging into the surface with a scraper (5) radially depthyed from an arcuate Unkage 14) and shaft (3) hoisted by a rig (51) to place an apparatus embodiment (2) into and out of an onshore, offshore or subsea well, wherein ancillary equipment 7) andlor a spreadable fluid (8) can be urged onto the wall in secondary cultivation of the wall surface and/or for subsequent use of further equipment or substances within the well.

It is to be understood that the method (1) and apparatus (2) embodiments of Figures 3 to 6 can be used with or replaced by embodiments of Figures 1 and 2, Figure 7, Figures 12 to 23, and Figures 37 to 86. except where noted.

[0143] Various methods (1) may use fluids pumped from rigs (51B, 51C, 5lD) or pumped through tubing and casing that can use a conduit string to circulate or place a fluid and/or spreadable substance through (28 of Figure 7) andlor about (29 of Figure 7) an apparatus (2), prepared wall surface (6) and/or separated wall region (9), [0144] Figures 7 illustrates a diagrammatic elevation view of a slice through a well bore and subterranean strata of a method (1) embodiment (IF) and apparatus (2) embodiment (2F) that can be used for abandoning a well for a geologic time frame, wherein the diagram is a paraphrased representation Figure 1 of the Oil and Gas UK Issue 4. July 2012 Guide] ines for Suspension and Abandonment of Wells, entitled Permanent Barner schematic "Restoring the Cap Rock" and used within the publication to describe "minimum industry best practices." While the exact wording of requirements for permanent abandonment can vary by country the diagram is generally consistent with NORSOK Standard D-OlO Rev. 3, August 2004. Well integrity in dnlling and well operations requirements, United States Department of the Interior Minerals Mana2ement Service Gulf Of Mexico OCS Region Ntl No. 2009-G21 (MMS) requirements, which have been assumed by the Bureau of Safety and Environmental Enforcement (BSEE). and those of the Texas Railroad Commission January 2000 Well Plugging Primer which require that "dry or abandoned wells be plugged in such a way as to confine oil, gas, and water in the strata in which they are found and prevent them from escaping into other strata," as recited therein.

[0145] Published industry best practices for rig-less placement of a permanent barrier specifies a minimum height of good cement (91) of at least 100 feet that must be placed at a depth (90) determined by formation impermeability and strength with primary cementation behind the casing in place. Pipe circumferential stand-off (83) is required to prevent the channelling of high fluid frictional areas resulting in poor cleaning, bonding andlor missing cement. Axial downward cement support (84) is required to prevent cement movement, slumping and gas migration while setting, and with clean water wet surfaces to provide a good bond (85), thus preventing poor bonding and micro annuli and leak paths. Once these minimum requirements are met, the published references generally conclude that a rig-less operation will provide "well barrier elements," of a permanent sealing abandonment plug (88) with the innermost conduits sealed with cement in cement (89) and the casing and tubing embedded in cement (87). Provided that both the existence and sealing bond of primary cementation (58, 86), adjacent to a formation that is impermeable and of adequate strength, are present, the resulting cement will contain future pressures (92). While "cement" is specified, the Oil and Gas UK Guidelines also provided for alternative permanent well barrier elements, provided that they provide an equivaient function to cement.

[0146] Meeting industry rig-less abandonment best practices therefore requires logging of the primary well cementation behind casing to ensure its presence and bond, followed by cleaning of well conduits to ensure they have wettable surfaces for cement bonding and embedding of tubing and casings within cement, by providing offset where necessary over a sufficient portion of the well opposite an impermeaHe and strong formation that is capable of replacing the cap rock.

[0147] Conventional and prior art dnlling ng abandonments and vanous rig-less prior art of the present inventor can be used to remove conduits for logging of the primary cementation, but milling may become necessary if perforations and cement squeezes cannot access leaks behind poorly or unbounded cemented casing.

[0148] However, the present invention is usable to cultivate wall suifaces using, e.g. the method (1) and apparatus (2) of Figures 12 to 17 and, thus, avoid the need to mill back to primary rock either with a rig or rig-lessly during the abandonment of a well to meet the published industry best practices, such as those described in the referenced Oil and Gas UK Guidelines, NORSOK Standards, United States Bureau of Safety and Environmental Enforcement (BSEE) Requirements and the Texas Railroad Comnhissioll's guidelines.

[0149] Meeting industry best practices for abandoning wells requires providing bathers to the vertical migration of subterranean fluids from one strata formation to another or to the surface, which can be accomplished by providing furrows into a formation that is impermeable and of adequate strength. Alternatively, a lattice of separating cuts or furrows can be placed in a wail surface to allow uncemented and or unconsolidated wall portions or debris to fall further down within the well to, e.g., provide support for cement plugs. The removal of debris andior the lattice of separated wall surface regions can be urged from the wall using, e.g.,jetting and ploughing or reciprocation, circulation and rotation of a rotary string, which can include significantly improved milling of an easily destructed lattice structure instead ofless efficient milling of the structurally stronger and more secure shape of a semi-cemented whole casing.

[0i501 Referring now to Figures 8, 9, lO and 11 showing diagrammatic elevation view slices through a well and the subterranean strata for conventional and prior art drilling through casings and liners and for a well completion.

[0151] Well (52) operations can compriseboring and/or operations involving bores.

conduits andlor cables, wherein various conduit stnngs comprising, e.g., a Rotaiy dnll string (94) or rotary dnll pipe with tool joint connectors (95) or tubing (60) and casing (53 to 57) with coupling connectors (96). Various conduit strings can be are placed, hung from a hanger or wellhead (61) and/or cemented (58) into a bore (59) dnlled with a BHA (130) and bit (133) within the strata (100 to 115) or a bore in other conduits (53-57 and 60). Well operations generally progress from larger diameter bores and casings to smaller diameter bores. Drill strings, casing and/or tubing and various completion equipment engaged by. e.g. hangers (134) and packers (76) have surfaces that can be cultivated. Accordingly, there are numerous downhole wall surfaces that serve different functions and require different preparations before they can be used by an ancillary apparatus andlor spreadable substances. Wall surface preparation apparatus can comprise, e.g., stabilisers within the BHA that rotate and arcuately engage a wall surface or a boring bit.

[0152] Surfaces can be created by reaming and milling which normally refers to enlarging the wellbore by drilling it again with a special bit, hole opener, under reamer and/or mill, wherein a reaming or milling can comprise a tool generally fashion to provide a relatively smooth wall surface within the well, which can be enlarged.

Reciprocating motion occurring dunng dnlling or reaming can comprise moving axially up and down or back-and-forth like motion similar to a piston in a cylinder, whereby reciprocating can causes surge and swab pressures within a cy'inder or borehole that exert a force therein.

[0153] Prior art and conventional practice can comprise treating a wall surface but the objective is, generally, not to longitudinally and/or transversely separate the wall surface into regions, but rather to make it more or less homogenous. For example a liner (56, 57) can separate one larger diameter surface from a smaller diameter surface but the conventional objective is to make the transition as seamless as possible because a bottom hole assembly (BRA) must generally pass through the transition between larger to smaller bore sizes. Also, fnction is conventionally avoided because it can cause difficulty tiying to enter into a well bore and/or drag when pulling out of a well bore.

[0154] Accessing a well can also comprise centralising various ancillary apparatuses using, e.g., the casing centralisers (119 of Figure 26) and logging tool centralisers (121 of Figure 28), but conventional practice contrary to cultivation of the present invention.

[0155] Accordingly, a wealth of conventional and prior art cleaning tools are generally available and can comprise, e.g., fluid jetting tools, liner top mills and polishers, casing scrapers, brushes and/or scratchers, (e.g. 118 of Figure 25) that are used to remove debris from a surface and clean it to a relatively low friction and smooth state so that tools may be more easily placed into and retrieved from a well (52).

[0156] Accordingly, as the bores of conduits (53-57) and bored strata (59) become ever smaller in diameter, as shown in Figure 8 to 11, drill strings that can comprise drill pipe (94) and drill collars (131) with tool joints that may be enlarged (94) for flush connect large stabilisers (132) that centralise the BHA (130) and direct the boring bit (133) can affect the wall surfaces but are generally designed not to cultivate it, whereby transitions from casing (54) to liners (56) and liners (56) to liners (57) can force the use transition (135) to smaller diameter drill strings which twist off and/or become stuck during boring.

[0157] After boring is completed, a completion is installed which can include tubing (60) with coupled (96) together with subsurface safety valves (71) with electric and/or hydraulic control line cables (72) connected to a production packer (76) hung (134) within the production casing (55). Like drill strings, the tubing (60) can transition (80) to a smaller diameter and can include smaller diameter packers (76) and with smaller diameter hangers (134) and receptacles (79). generally referred to as nipples which may have "no-gos" to providc for the landing and engagement of selective diameter tools. Furthermore, gauge cables andior other surveillance andlor operational cables can greatly complicated the downhole environment and represent a significant challenge both during installation and later during any subsequent intervention within the well (52). Within most completions a tail pipe below the bottom production packer in the lower end of the well adjacent to open hole producible rock or conventional perforations (137) which provide access to the pores and permeability of producible rock through, e.g. a liner.

[0158] Accordingly, due the complexity and variety of downhole surfaces, prior art and conventional wall surface preparation can, generally, comprise either the deaning or the complete destruction or removal of a wall surface through, e.g., boring, under-reaming, hole-opening, milling and/or explosives. Such practice can be particularly inefficient because "all" of the wall surfaces may not necessarily need to be removed or destroyed. Furthermore all operations, induding milling of a wall surface, can be significantly more complex when cables are present.

[0159] Conventional and pnor art downhole cables (72) are both difficult to install or remove and can comprise a rope of metal wire and/or other strong fibres that can be formed into a single strand or a series of braided or mono-core strands used to, e.g. carry weight, signals, forces andlor conduct electricity.

[0160] Cultivation of a surface, including the surface of cables, can include placing furrows within surface to avoid the need to remove all of the wall surface and/or placing fulTows through the wall and/or cables using operations, e.g. forming a furrow like cut, that minimize the probability becoming buried in a surface and stuck in well (52) and/or forming a bird's nest of tangled cables.

[0161] Refering now to Figures 12 to 21, which depict various views of wall surface cultivation method embodiments (1) and apparatus embodiments (2) that, with reference to Figure 1, can affect any cable (72), any strata (100 to 115) bore (59), any tubing conduit (60), any cement (58) conduit between the strata and casing and/or any associated casing conduit (53 to 57) wafl surfaces using a scraper member 5) deployed by an arcuate engagement linkage 4) carried on a shaft (3) to form or join separate wall surface regions (9) for subsequent use by or engagement with an ancillary apparatus (7) or spreadable substance (8) within the subterranean well (52).

[0162] Cultivation of the wall surface (6) can comprise using a linkage 4) to engage a member (5) extended from a shaft (3) to scrape and perforate (10) and/or cut a fulTow (11) into a wall sm-face to form concave cuts comprising, e.g., single linear, ciricture, mullion, cylindrical and! circumferential planar cuts, tracks, punctures or blemishes or a plurality of andlor a series of aligned or crossing concave planar cuts, tracks, punctures or blemishes protruding into a wall surface and separate it into regions (9). wherein such protrusions can be oriented longitudinally to the well's axis and/or transverse to the well's axis for subsequent application of an ancillaiy apparatus (7) or spreadable substance (18).

[0163] Cultivation of the wall surface (6) can also comprise joining a dichotomy of wall surface regions (9) separated by, e.g., the linear, cincture, mullion, cylindrical andl circumferential concave or convex planar protrusions from or into a wall surface using a shaft (3) depthyed linkage (4) to engage a member (5) and scrape the concave or convex protrusion to reduce its amplitude (12) from the wall surface plane or join separate regions by grouting (13) or filling protrusions into a wall surface to reduce deviations from the wa1 surface plane, wherein various linear, cylindrical and/or erratic planar wall surface deviations may be reduced to a desired surface deviation conducive wit ancillary apparatus (7) or spreadable substance (8) engagement or use.

[01641 Figure 12 illustrates a plan view of a slice through a well and subterranean strata of a method (1) embodiment (1G) and apparatus (2) embodiment (2G) for cultivating the wall surface (6) of a tubing conduit (60), a casing conduit (53-57). a cement conduit (58) between the casing and strata, a bore (59) through the subterranean strata (100- 115), a clamping control line conduit (81) and/or a control line (72).

[0165] Furrows (II) or a longitudinal series of perforations (10) can be cut into and/or through the wall surface of the tubing (60) to weaken is using shaft (3G) deployed arcuate engagement Unkage (4G) that can be similar to, e.g.. (4Z) of Figures 52 to 53 which can radially deploy a cutting or perforating scraper member (5G) that can be similar to, e.g.. (5AA2) or (5AA1) of Figure 59, respectively. A scraper member (5G) can also be adapted from prior art, wherein, e.g., a prior art super abrasive filament (18 of Figure 32) is combined with a prior art rotary arrangement (98 of Figures 33 to 35) adapted for downhole use from a shaft (30) to, in use, form the shown longitudinal furrows (ii) in the tubing or furrows which first cut the tubing (60) wall surface (60) and then cut the wall surface of the control cables (72) transversdy to the longitudinal axis of the subterranean well (52).

[0166] An ancillary apparatus (70) can comprise, e.g., a packers andlor piston described by patents OB2471760B, 0B2484166B and 0B2487274B or priority application 0B2492663A of the present inventor, which can be engaged to the wall surface of any casing (53 to 57) to compress the tubing (60), control lines (72) and clamps (81) into a lower end of the well (52) after they have been severed, and wherein the present invention can provide significant benefit by cutting of a wall surface with, e.g., longitudinal or axially transverse arcuately engaged wall surface scraper cutters of the present invention. For example. unwanted shaft and associated tool vibration associated with transversely cutting the eccentric control lines (72) and clamp (81) with shaft rotated and radially deployed cutter can be substantially reduced by dragging an arcuately extended and defiectable super abrasive filament cutter that scraps the wall surface with a cutting structure to abrade a furrow through multiple eccentrically placed wall surfaces. After cutting and crushing of the severed tubing (60), control lines (72) and clamps (81) a spreadable substance (80), e.g. cement or resin, may be engaged to the wall surfaces to seal the wall temporarily or over a geologic time period.

[0167] Figures 13 depicts a plan view of a slice through a well for a method (I) embodiment (1H) and apparatus (2) embodiment (2H) for cultivating a conduit's wall surface that can be used with, e.g., the embodiments of Figure 3 and 4, wherein a shaft (3H) and arcuate linkage (4H) deployed scraper (5H) is used to provide a series of perforations (10) andlor furrows (11) that cut into and through the wall surface (6H) of. e.g., tubing (60), drill pipe or a rotary drill string (94), wherein an upper end of the wall surface is left uncut and a tool joint (95 of Figures 8 to 10) or tubing coupling (96 of Figure 11) is used to rotate the separated wall surface regions (9H) so that they may be twisted and pushed downward with. e.g., the weight of the tubing or drill string above a free point and against a lower end portion of the drill string stuck within the lower end of the well (52). Alternatively, the tubing or drill pipe may deploy an expandable crushing piston (5G) below severance or parting of a coupling or tool joint to scrape the casing (e.g. 100 to 115) when crushing andlor twisting the tubing (60) or drill pipe (94).

[01681 The embodiment (IH, 2H) may be used in various ways comprising, e.g., using a through tubing or through drill pipe arrangement to use a scraper member (5H) to axially cut through the pipe body and into the tool joint or coupling then removing the cutter and using axial rotation and/or downward movement of an upper end uncut portion of the pipe bode to twist and separate of the wall surface regions (9H) to more precisely cause a threaded connection (e.g. 95 of Figures 8 to 10, 96 of Figure 11) to separate at the longitudinal cuts so that the upper end of the tubing string or drill string may be freed from its stuck lower end. Subsequent to freeing the tubing or drill string an ancillary packer (7H) may be engaged to the wall surface in or below the casing above the lower stuck end and a spreadable substance (8Ff) comprising, e.g., cement may be placed above the packer to abandon the lower end of the well bore and stuck string. Alternatively, pnor art of the present inventor may be used, wherein, e.g., a screw tractor and motor is fitted to a crushing piston (7H) which is anchored to the separated wafl surface regions (9H) to twist and crush severed tubing or drill pipe downward for placement of a spreadable and settable substance (8H).

[01691 Figures 14 shows a plan view of a slice through a well for a method (1) embodiment (II) and apparatus (2) embodiment (21) for cultivating well bore and/or conduit wall surfaces, wherein the surfaces are below, e.g., a wellhead or completion tail pipe or after the embodiments of Figures 12 or 13, wherein any inner conduits (60 or 94 of Figure 12 and 13) have been crushed or removed. Vanous longitudinal or transverse furrows (11) can be cut by a scraper member into the wall surface of the casing (e.g. 53-57), cement (58) and strata (e.g. 100-115) to provide wall surface (61) regions (91) separated by the cuts, slots, tracks or trenches that can comprise longitudinally or axial nansversely oriented perforations (10) and/or furrows (ii) and/or a lattice of separated surface regions (91) divided by all associated lattice of longitudinal and axially transverse furrows. The arcuate engagement (41) of a fluid jet scraper (51) member to the furrowed wall surface (61) can be used to join and/or reduce the amplitude (12) of the furrowed wall by jetting strata bore (59) engaged cement (58), which is strong in compression but relatively weak in tension and shearing.

[0170] A spreadable substance (81) may be included within the jet stream to further dissolve or abrade conduit, cement and/or strata wall surfaces to further join andlor reduce the amplitude of the furrow wall surface (61) using the partial or complete removal of the separated surface regions (91). The fluid jet scraper (51) can comprise a choke (145) used to form the arcuate engaging (141) fluid energy (34) jet scraper, which can rotated by a shaft (31) and which be used to join and/or reduce the amplitude (12) of furrow deviations from the cylindrical plane of the casing's inner diameter. A fluid energy (34) formed by choking (45) a fluid flow stream can also be used to cuhivate fulTows in a wall surface. Various pnor art arrangements may be adapted to provide a fluid jetting scraper, wherein, e.g., a conventional nozzle maybe place on the end of a rotated dnll pipe tubular shaft or alternatively from nozzle rotated by and existing from the rotaiy cable tool fluid motor of the present inventor described in GB 2471760, GB 2484166 and/or GB2492663. Various logging tool ancillary apparatus (71) can be used to confirm and joining of separate surface regions or reduction in furrow amplitude around the circumference of the well bore.

[0171] Figures 15 illustrates a plan view of a slice through a well and subterranean strata of a method (1) embodiment (11) and apparatus (2) embodiment (21) for cultivating the wall surface of a well bore, wherein the arcuate engagement linkage (4) comprises a stabilizer blade (41) use to centralize the shaft (3) embodiment (3J) and rotationally and radially deployed filament scraper (5) such that abrasive filaments (SJ) can be used to join and/or reduce the amplitude (12) of wall surface (6) disturbances (6J) protruding into the well bore (59). Rotation of the string and associated shaft (3J) can also deploy wall surface cuttings or other spreadable substances (J) like a lost circulation material (LCM) slurry to, in use, grout (13) fractures (82) separating wall surface regions (9J) by scraping a substance along the wall surface (6J) until if lodges into induced or natural fractures in the strata (e.g. 100 to 115). The embodiment (11) can occur independently during, e.g., drilling operations or after the series of embodiments progressing from Figure 1 2 to Figure 14.

[0172] Alternativdy, the length of filaments may be changed and/or selectivdy controlled with adaptation of prior art reels or automatic feeds to extend past the arcuate path (41) of the stabilizer blades to cut furrows into the well bore (59) and strata (e.g. 100-115) in a manner comparable to embodiments (lS) of Figure 43 and (1L) of Figure 17. An ancillary apparatus (7J) comprising the hole diameter calliper gauge measuring device of Figure 24 can be used to record the amplitude of furrows placed within the strata to indicate if a settable sealing spreadable substance can be placed within the furrows to seal the well bore (59) from longitudinal fluid migration.

[0173] Figures 16 depicts a plan view of a slice through a well for a method (1) embodiment (1K) and apparatus (2) embodiment (2K) for cultivating a conduit's wall surface that can be used with, e.g., well abandonment, wherein a lack of cement bonding, fractures and/or fluid passageways exist in the cementation (58) are accessed from the bore (59) of the wall via perforations (10) andJor furrows (11) placed with an adapted prior art or conventional cutter and/or perforating gun to cut the well bore. Conventional practice is to pump and squeeze cement into the well and pressurize the well in the hope that fluid flow will carry the cement into the furrows or perforations to seal the faufty cement (58K). The practice of squeezing cement can be significantly improved with a scraping member (5K) deployed from an arcuate linkage (4K) and deployment shaft (3K) to scrape the bore (59) and urge cement into the wall surface (6K) to thereby grout (13) and join andlor reduce the amplitude difference (12) between the extend of the perforations (10) andlor furrows (II) and the well bore cylindrical plane (59) and, thus, prepare the well bore for use by a spreadable substance (8K) like produced fluid and/or an ancillary apparatus (7K) like a production packer or conduit lining.

[0174] Various adaptations of prior art or conventional wiper plugs, pedal baskets or packers usable as scraper members can be used to urge a spreadable substance like cement or resin into the desired holes, crevices and/or cracks or cut tracks that exist within a wall surface to grout (13) and repair the surface while ensuring that the grouting material does not remain within the bore (59) to prevent access.

Alternatively, adapted prior art or conventional scraper members can be used to urge dissolving fluids and/or reagents like acid into fluid accessible passages or pore spaces to prepare the surface for further cultivation or, e.g., more efficient milling or otherwise wall surface destruction operations.

[0175] Figures 17 shows an elevation view of a slice through a well for a method (1) embodiment (1L) and apparatus (2) embodiment (2L) for cultivating well bore and/or conduit wall surfaces that can be used with the embodiments of Figures 12 to 16, wherein a shaft (3L) is deployed on, e.g.. wireline or slickline, and rotated to drag a scraper member (5L) around and arcuate engagement (4L) path to form a furrow (II) through a plurality of strata (e.g. 100 to 115) bores (59), casings (e.g. 53 to 57) andJor cable wall surfaces 6L), which can be used to, e.g., grout (13) fractures (82). The sealing of fractures and proppant frac-jobs is becoming ever more with the advent of shale gas plays and/or tight-sand plays because while breaking the rock makes it significantly more productive it also make it significantly harder to seal.

[01761 Proppant fracturing is generally designed relative to the horizontal and vertical stresses within the subterranean strata, wherein fractures can continue for significant distances horizontally and significantly less in the vertical direction. Accounting for the stresses applied to the casings during pumping of fluid pads and associated proppants that can form micro-annuli between cement and casing, one or more furrows may be cut through affected wall surfaces into the strata at or above the vertical extent of a proppant fracture to seal the well the vertical direction.

Accordingly, the need to mill a large section of casing may be replaced by one or more furrows that cross potential fluid leak paths.

[01771 The cutting of furrows (11) into "part" of one or more wall surfaces can represent a significant improvement over, e.g., milling and removing "all" of the wall surface back to a point within the strata and/or perforating a limited number of holes which may or may not connect with fractures, fluid passageways or pore spaces that need to be sealed with a settable spreadable substance (SL) that can be squeezed and grouted (13) into strata fractures and/or poor cementation of either the rock or space between the casing and rock.

[0178] Cultivation can also prepare a well wall surface for a cement bond logging ancillary apparatus (7L), further described in GB 2494780 A of the present inventor, or an acoustic listening device like those found in production logging tools, which can be placed within a furrow (II) and/or engaged to the casing to empirically measure and transmit a signal after placement of cementation to provide data for fluid flow, or a lack thereof, occurring around the well bore.

[0179] Referring now to Figures 18, 19, 20 and 21, which depict a plan view with line E-E, a cross section elevation view through line E-E of Figure 18 with line F-F and break lines representing removed portions, a plan cross section view through line F-F of Figure 19, and an isometric view of Figure 19 and associated break lines, respectively, all of which illustrate a wall surface cultivation method (1) embodiments (1M, 1M1, 1M2) and associated apparatus (2) embodiments (2M.

2M1, 2M2) usable on strata bore (e.g. 100 to 115), conduit bore (e.g. 53 to 57) and cable (72) wail surfaces that can provide a attice of furrows (II) through wail surfaces that can be grouted (13) to seal the vanous wall surface interfaces representing possible fluid leak paths. Various selectively arranged and oriented embodiments can be used on the end ofç e.g., drill pipe (94) and/or through, e.g., drill pipe (94) or tubing (60).

[01 80] Alternativdy, the cultivated wall surface furrows or lattice of furrows can dislodged using various means that can include, e.g., fluid jetting, explosives andlor milling to join and/or reduce the amplitude of the fulTow cuts when wall surface debns is created and disthdged that otherwise is possible with the conventional practice of using abrasive jetting, explosives and/or milling without first cultivating the downhole wall sm-faces.

[0181] Accordingly. cultivation can prepare the surface of a downhole wall for any suitable downhole ancillary apparatuses (7) comprising, e.g., milling tools, rearners, hole openers and/or expandable linings and/or any suitable spreadable substance (8) comprising, e.g.. LCM. resin, cement, acid, fraccing fluids and proppants and/or reservoir pore space or facture operaHe substances.

[01821 The method (1) and apparatus (2) embodiments can comprise cutting (1M2) longitudinally oriented furrows (ii) into a wall surface (6M2) using a longitudinally oriented apparatus (2M2) scraper (5M2) member radially deployed from an arcuate linkage (4M2) engaged with a deployment shaft (3M2) that is longitudinally moved to provide wall surface regions (9M2) separated by said longitudinal furrows for use by an ancillary apparatus (7M2) or spreadable substance (8M2); and/or cutting (1M1) transversely oriented furrows (11) into a wall surface (6M1) with a transversely oriented apparatus (2M1) scraper (SM 1) member radially deployed from an arcuate linkage (4Ml) engaged with a deployment shaft (3M 1) that is axially rotated to provide the provide wall surface regions (9M1) separated by said transversely oriented furrows that can be used by an ancillary apparatus (7M1) or spreadable substance (8 Ml).

[0183] Alternatively, longitudinally and transversely oriented fulTows can be cut (lM) into a wall surface (6M) with apparatus (2M) scraper (3M) members axially and radially deployed from arcuate linkages (4M) engaged with a deployment shaft (3M) that can be both longitudinally moved and axially rotated to provide a lattice wall regions 19M) separated by an associated lattice of longitudinally and transversely oriented furrows that can be used by an ancillary apparatus (7M) or spreadable substance (SM).

[0184] For example, an apparatus (2M1) can comprise any prior art or conventional apparatus adapted to axially rotate, e.g. any cutter or abrasive filament cutter and/or an apparatus (2M2) that centralizes the rotated scraper (5M1) can use any adapted prior art or conventional apparatus comprising, e.g., a blade, bow spring and/or other arcuate linkages usable to longitudinally orient scraper members (5M2), wherein the scrapper members can also be adapted from prior art and conventional downhole cutting use to be interoperable with other members to provide the lattice of wall regions (9) which can comprise crossing separated wall regions (9M1 and 9M2).

[0185] Figures 22 and 23 show diagrammatic elevation view slices through a well for method (1) embodiments (iN and 10, respectively) and apparatus (2) embodiments (2N and 20, respectively) for cultivating a wall surface of a bore, conduit and/or cable of a subterranean well (52). It is to be understood that embodiments (IN to 9N and 10 to 90) can be any invented (2) or adapted prior art or conventional apparatus (2) usaHe to cultivate (I) a wall surface, e.g. embodiments (I) to (9) of Figures 1 to 7 and Figures 12 to 21, using a longitudinally andlor transversely onented arcuate linkage that operates an extendable and deflectable or retractable draggable scraper member (5) that can be engagable to a wall surface (6) and usable to separate said wall surface into longitudinally and/or transversely separated wall surface regions (9), relative to the well's axis, and wherein said separated regions (9) are usable by an ancillary apparatus (7) and/or spreadable substance (8).

[0186] A wall surface cultivating (lN, 10) apparatus (2N, 20) can place perforations (10) or furrows (ii) in a wall surface (6N, 60) of a strata bore or cement wall surface, conduit bore wall surface (e.g. 53 to 57, 60 and 94 to 96) and/or cable (72) wall surface and/or said cultivating (IN, 10) apparatus (2N, 20) can join and/or reduce the amplitude (12) of a convex or concave protrusion out of or into the plane of a wall surface (6N, 60) by cutting the convex protrusion from or grouting (13) an concave protrusion into the surface. Cultivating (iN, 10) can include perforating (10), furrowing (11) and/orjoining and/or reducing the ampfitude of protrusions (12) using cutting or grouting (13) through a first wall surface (e.g. 60 and 94) into a second wall surface (e.g. 95 to 96 and 53 to 57). For example, drill pipe (94) or tubing (60) can be cut longitudinally into associated tool joints (95) or couplings (96) so that the rotary threaded connection inner pipe (60, 94) cylindrical shape is lost and may separate from the surrounding connector (96, 95) and pfl or separate (9Nl) the tubular string.

[01871 Altemately, separating (9Nl. 901) inner string (60, 94) wall surfaces (6Ni, 601), couplings (95, 96) wall surfaces (6N2. 602) and separating (9N2, 902) the control line (72) surfaces (6N3, 603) can be used to remove at least part of the wall surface that obstructing access to sulTounding wall surface regions (9N, 90) so that further separation (9N3, 903) of a wall surface (6N4, 604) of the surround conduit bores (e.g. 53 to 56), surrounding cement and surrounding strata bore, wherein the separations (9, 9N, 9N1-9N3, 60,601-603) can be oriented transversely or longitudinally to the axis of the well (52) in any orientation of perforations (10), fulTows (11) or oriented joining and/or reductions in the amplitude (12) of protrusions from associated wall surfaces or grouting (13) into protrusion within the wall surface.

[0188] Cultivation (iN, 10) can actuated or powered by: axial deployment string's compressive or tension energy (33) acting through a shaft (3N); fluid energy (34) passed through and/or about the deployment string and apparatus (2N, 20); electrical energy (35) transferred through the apparatus (2N, 20) and/or deployment string; and/or the energy of a chemical reaction (36) comprising, e.g. an explosion, a reagent reaction or a battery. Any energy transferred combinations can operate an apparatus (2N, 20), wherein. e.g.. a string may provide axial energy force (33) to deploy an electric (35) tool which has an electrical power generation turbine operated by fluid (34) passing through and/or around the string and/or apparatus (2N, 20) which operates a member and stores excess energy in a battery that latter uses the chemical nature (36) to release electrical (35) energy to provide a multi-energy source (37) apparatus (2N, 20) and method (iN, 10).

[0189] Various tubular (27) member parts can be selectively arranged to be interoperable with other members, e.g. the apparatus's (2N, 20) shaft (6N, 60) to provide fluid flow through (28) or about (29) said other members or member's parts to further operate (iN, 10) an apparatus (2N, 20).

[0190] During operation of the method (iN, 10) and apparatus (2N, 20) fluid energy (34) can be selectively controlled with, e.g., a fluid valve (44) andlor fluid choke (45) while axial string energy (33) can be translated into axial movement (38) and/or axial rotation (39). Electrical (35). fluid (34) and/or axial 33) energies can be selectively supplemented through, e.g., the use of an actuating motor (42) or pump (40) and/or a spring (19) or piston (20).

[0191] Arcuate linkages (4N, 40) and scraper members (SN. 50) can be formed with, e.g., rigid (30) and/or flexible (31) parts, wherein elastic material (32), bendable filament (18) andior hinges (41) can be used to provide a flexible engagement usable to engage a draggable scraper member and provide for its retraction andlor deflection to prevent, e.g., burying the scraper member in a wall surface. Various actuating members like vibrating members (46) arranged with, e.g., a rotor and stator can be used to operate a scraping member's flexible engagement with a surface (6N, 60).

[0192] A scraper member (SN, 50) can use edged (14) and/or abrasive (15) cutters that can have associated rigid (30) andlor flexible (31) parts. Scraper members (SN, 50) can also incorporate a fluid nozzle (16) and/or basket (17) that scraps a wall surface (6N, 60). Scraper members (SN, 50) can also use a ploughing arrangement (21) that can use mainshare (22), foreshare (23), mouldboard (24), coulter (25) and/or cut regulator (26) member parts.

[0193] Various apparatus (2N, 20) member parts can also be made of fibre (47), plastic (48) and/or combinations thereof comprising composite materials (49), which can be buried in a wall surface and/or well and later removed through boring. For example a portion of scraper buried within a bore can be used as a whipstock (50), wherein portions of the scraper member (501) can be made of composite material which is removed during boring of a side-track deflected off of a whipstock similar to, e.g., embodiment (1Q and 2Q) of Figures 39 and 41.

[01941 For example, a cultivating (iN 1) apparatus (2N I) can comprise a shaft (3N 1) engaged abrasive (15) arcuately flexible filament (18) or plurality of filaments that scrape through one or more walls and across or into a wall surface to join and/or reduce the amplitude (12) of protrusions from a wall surface, which can be followed by a basket (17) arranged with pedals to arcuately (4N1) that scrapes (5N1) the same wall surface and grouts (13) a spreadable substance (SN 1) into to join and/or onto any surface protrusions to further reduce their ampfitude relative to the wall surface, thus, preparing the wall surface for use by an ancillary apparatus (7N1) comprising, e.g., a packer, hanger or other downhole apparatus requiring a continuous substantially planar cylindrical surface free of significant protrusions into or out of the surface.

[0195] Additionally. or alternatively, a cultivating (1N2) apparatus (2N2) for use by ancillary apparatus (7N2) or spreadable substances (8N2) can comprise, e.g., a shaft (3N2) deployed arcuate engagement linkage (4N2) made of an elastic material like a metal bow spring formed into a mouldboard (24) that can be actuated by cut regulator (26) comprising a coiled spring (19) that operates linkage carried draggable cutter scraper (5N2) member, wherein an initial foreshare (23) cutter or coulter is followed by a mainshare (22) cutter scraper member part. Another apparatus (2N3) can also form a coulter (25) that precedes the foreshare (23) and mainshare (22) cutters. The amplitude of the edged (14) draggable cutters (22, 23) penetration into a wall surface can also be control by the size of the cutter as the mouldboard (24) limits its protrusion into a wall surface.

[01961 Alternatively, or additionally, a cultivating (1N3) apparatus (2N3) can comprise, e.g., an nozzle (16) or choke (45) jetting tool or abrasive slurry cutting tool adapted to provide longitudinal and/or transverse amplitudc dcviation in surfacc's plane using cutting or reducing deviations in the amplitude deviations of the surface's plane by cutting or grouting to form separated wall surface regions. Grout can comprise a separation in a wall surface or a wall surface can be separated by regions where the amplitude of planar deviations has been reduced and regions where planar amplitude deviations have not been reduced.

[0197] The apparatus (2N3) fluid nozzle (16) or fluid choke (45) scraper (5N3) member can be rotated to provide an arcuate wall surface engagement with the surface, wherein adaptation of a prior art car wash method can be incorporated to provide filaments comprising fibres (47), plastics (48) or composite materials (49), e.g. fibreglass arcuate engaging strands (4N3) with or without imbedded carried abrasive (15) cutters, can be used with the fluid jetting or fluid slurry cutting to cultivate (lN3) a wall surface for use by ancillary equipment (7N3) or spreadable substances (8N3).

Reagent or reactive chemicals (36) can be added to the fluid energy (34) flowing about (29) the apparatus (2N3) and applied to the wall surface, wherein fluid can be taken from within (28) the shaft (3N3) or from about (29) the shaft to provide the fluid scraper member (5N3).

[0198] Cleaning removes debris that has accumulated on the surface from the surface.

whereas cultivation can cut and/or repair the surface for use. Accordingly, prior art scrapers designed to clean debris without affecting a surface can be adapted to cut and/or repair a surface and prior art abrasive fluid cutting apparatus can be adapted to cut longitudinally to provide a matrix or lattice of cuts. Prior art abrasive cutting apparatus using choked (45) fluid energy (34) can be further adapted to cut, vibrate (46) and/or dis'odge and separate surface regions from a planar wall surface to join andlor reduce the amplitude of a cylindrical plane of separated wall surface regions relative to surrounding cylindncal plane of separated wall surface regions.

[0199] Cultivating (101) with an apparatus (201) can comprise using a plough-like arrangement (21) that can be adapted from prior art, e.g. US 8,376,043 B2, or conventional apparatuses in a variety of ways that can also include, e.g., (2P) of Figures 37 and 38. Alternatively, parts of the apparatus can also be arranged with composite materials to provide a whipstock (50) like that can include (2Q) of Figures 39 to 41. Various edged (14) or abrasive and rigid or flexible (31) scrapers can be usable with or without actuating pistons andlor springs. The apparatus (201) can be arranged with a substantially arcuate linkage (401) carrying scraper (501) members that can engage a wall surface (601) so as to treat or cultivate the surface for subsequent use by an ancillary apparatus (701) or spreadable substance (801).

[020W Alternatively, or additionally, cultivation (102) of a wall surface (602) can comprise using an apparatus (202) having a shaft (302) which rotates a flexible or rigid hinged scraper (502) member in a longitudinal orientation to the well bore axis to flexibly engage draggable foreshare (23) and mainshare (22) cutters across the wall surface (602). The mouldboard (24) can comprise a portion of the scraper (502) member without cutters that can also contact the intended surface, dependent upon cutter penetration. as the scraper is sdectively rotated for control (26) of the arcuate engagement path (402) associated with dragging or scrapping edged or abrasive cutters across the wall surface (602). Rigid and hinged edge cutters can be hinged to the rotating motor (42) driven shaft to reduce deflection transverse to the rotating path (402) to reduce the possibility of dragging the scrapers across and damaging the apparatus (202). For example, prior art and conventional apparatus, e.g. US 2,708,335 and US 6,025,907, can be adapted for downhole use as an apparatus (202) with an abrasive fflament to provide longitudinal oriented cultivation.

[0201] Any arcuate rotated arrangement using cutting wheels, hinged knives andlor filaments can be used to longitudinally andlor transversely cut a furrow or trench into a wall surface or to join andlor reduce the amplitude of deviations from the plane of the wall surface, wherein arcuate rotation can be actuated by axial rotation applied to the shaft from surface or applied by a downhole motor.

[0202] Additionally. or alternatively, cultivation (103) with an apparatus (203) can comprise adapting a prior art or conventional rotating tool, e.g. US 4,926,557, US 4,942,664, US 6,025,907, US 7,966,736 B2, US 7,979,991 B2, US 2011/0005 185 Al and US 20 12/0266705 A1,with an arcuate (403) engagaHe flexible (31). elastic (32), filament (18) andlor a hinged linkage with an abrasive or edged cutter scraper (503) member oriented to axially rotate (39) on a shaft (303) within a plane transverse to the longitudinal axis of the well bore and cultivate (103) a downhole cable wall surface (603) or tubing (60), drill pipe (94) or casing/liner (53-57) wall suiface (604) to separate (903) said wall suifaces for subsequent use by ancillary apparatus (703) andlor spreadable substances (803).

[0203] Referring now to Figures 24 to 36, which illustrate various prior art, which are silent to the innovative features of the present invention and/or can be adapted for downhole use within the methods of the present invention.

[0204] Adaptation within the scope and spirit of the present invention can include providing interoperability between the various described members and other: strings, downhole tools and downhole tool members that extends to the surface systems and can comprise, e.g., rigs, weliheads, valve trees, control and/or signal processing systems, wherein a string deployed assembly of apparatus (2) members can be selectively arrangeable to provide actuation and a functional synergy between all engaged systems, tools and elements of a well capable of downhole operation and/or signal conductance and the conversion of mechanical, electrical, explosive and/or hydraulic energy into an associated force, or alternatively to absorb a force and convert it into energy, that in ama'gamation are usable to provide and interoperaHe apparatus (2) and method (1) of the present invention.

[0205] Adaptation of conventional and prior art apparatuses andlor actuation of any apparatus (2) or associated tool or function within a string of apparatuses (2) or associated tools may comprise any manner of interoperability between apparatus (2), tools and/or connected suiface systems, wherein the selectively arrangeable and selectively actuatable apparatus (2) of the present invention may further comprise, e.g., any suitable downhole self-actuating or remotely actuated members, associated tool, and/or associated tool members that can be used by the present invention, for example (e.g.): i) a burst disc comprising, e.g., glass, dissolvable salts, metals, ceramics or plasitcs; ii) timers comprising, e.g., fuses, docks or chemical reactions; iii) rotation, tension or compressive forces comprising, e.g., string tension, string weight, sinker bars, jars. string momentum or spudding, rotaly speed. rotaly torque and/or transducers; iv) fluid pressure comprising, e.g., hydrostatic pressure, differential pressure and/or trapped atmospheric pressure at a subterranean depth; v) temperature comprising, e.g., heating, cooling, super-cooling and/or temperature differentials, vi) chemical reactions comprising.. e.g.. reagents, swelling, shrinking.

explosions, liquification, gasification, congealing, and/or dispersing, vii) the transducers comprising, e.g., crystalline materials, ceramics, magnets andlor coils, and viii) signals comprising the transmission of, e.g., electricity or axial energy comprising mechanical energy or kinetic energy andlor chemical energy which includes thermal energy.

[02061 Adaptation of conventional and prior art apparatuses and/or interoperability of various connections between parts of an apparatus (2) which can include various members, associated tools, associated tool members and associated deployment strings can be selectively alTanged and actuated, which can include any type of connector, for example: i) rotary connectors, ii) snap connectors, üi) slip and segmented slip connectors, iii) shear pins connectors, iv) springs connectors, v) joint connectors comprising, e.g., ball joints, knuckle joints, hinge joints andlor flexible material joints, vii) dog or mandrel and their associated receptacle connectors, viii) coupled connectors comprising, e.g., glues, welding and/or spikes, ix) membrane expandable or swellable connectors, and/or x) segmented connectors comprising, e.g., fans, screens andior baskets.

[0207] Furthermore selective arrangement of adapted conventional and prior art apparatuses and/or the apparatus (2) of the present invention can include providing interoperability between members and associated surface systems, strings and well elements capable of signal conductance further comprising, e.g., i) drilling rig jointed pipe strings, ii) rig-less jointed pipe stings, iii) preferred coiled strings comprising, e.g., coiled tubing strings, electric line strings, slickline strings, iv) tubing, v) casing vi) cement within the strata and/or vii)strata about the casing and cement.

[0208] Figure 24 shows an isometric view of a prior art multi-finger calliper laid on its side that can be used with the present invention to empirically measure cultivation and/or adapted with abrasive or edged scrapers usable to cultivate a surface according to the scope and spirit of the present invention.

[0209] Figure 25 depicts an elevation view of a slice through a prior art well bore deaning tool (124), described in US 6,148,918. which uses scratching filaments to clean a surface but is silent to forming concave protrusions into or reducing the amplitude of a plane of convex wall surface protrusions that are not simply debris stuck to the surface. Similar apparatus can be adapted with, e.g. super abrasive filaments to cultivate a wall surface according to the scope and spirit of the present invention.

[0210] Figures 26, 27 and 28 illustrate elevation views of a prior art: casing centralizer (119) with a quarter section removed, mechanical through tubing centralizer (120) for centralizing wireline tools, described in US 5,575,333, US 5,785,125 and a wheeled centralizer, descried in US 7,090,007 B2, respectively.

[0211] Various adaptations within the scope and spirit of the present invention can be applied to the prior art apparatuses (119-120) that can include draggable scraper members and flexible arcuate spring arrangements usable to longitudinally and/or transversely cultivate a wall surface for use by ancillary apparatus or spreadable substance.

[0212] Figures 29 and 30 show an isometric view and elevation slice through a well for a prior art pipeline cutter (122) and downh&e mill (123), described in 7,726.028 B2 and 2009/0308605 Al, respectively, can be adapted to provide a flexible engagement arrangement by added opposing scrapers which are arcuately flexible, e.g. opposing abrasive filaments on (123) and opposing bow spring linkages on (122). Alternatively, other adaptations within the scope and spirit of the present invention can be applied.

[0213] Figure 31 depicts an elevation view of a slice through a prior art tubing cutter described in US 7,575,056 B2, whereby similar transverse cutting prior art apparatuses (124) can be adapted with a flexible arcuate Unkage that provides more cost effective and less accurate transverse furrows and/or which can be adapted to provide a longitudinal furrows within a wall surface. While US 7,575,056 B2 and similar prior art teach arcuate engagement, which can be flexible and draggable, such prior art is silent to longitudina' and/or transverse perforating or furrowing to provide separate surface regions usable by ancillary apparatus or spreadable substances. Additionally, apparatus similar to US 7,575,056 B2 are silent to controlling the depth of cut to provide a plurafity of concave protrusions into a surface or the increase propensity of binding and buiying the right angle deployed cutters (124) in the well when a plurality cutters are operated conculTently and the cut pipe impacts upon the right angle member deploying the cutter.

[0214] Figure 32 illustrates a cross section through a prior art filament (18) with affixed super abrasive (15) grain structures. e.g. those described in EP 2.497.602 Al, that can be used and/or adapted for us scraper member use according to the scope and spirit of the present invention.

[02151 Figures 33 and 34 show an isometric view and an elevation cross sectional view, respectively, of a prior art weed trimmer described in US 4,926,557, as well as the various other cited references, that can be used to cut weeds horizontally. Figure 35 depicts an elevation view of a weed trimmer (98) described in US 2,708,335 that can be used to cut weeds vertically. The apparatus and method taught within conventional practice and prior art can be adapted (126) for the downhole cultivation (1) of a surface (6), whereby the application of abrasive (15) filaments (18) can be used to form longitudinal and/or transverse longitudinal convex protrusions into a surface (6) andlor reduce the amplitude of convex protrusions from a surface (6) by scrapping (5) the convex protrusion with a flexible engagement in a longitudinal or transverse orientation, whereas conventional practice and prior art generally teach a rigid engagement. [0216] The adaptation (127) of a the various conventional and prior art methods and apparatus (99) controlling the selective operation of a filament and various other scraper members can be adapted for use in a downhole environment by those skilled with the downhole art tool construction based on the scope and spirit of the present invention.

[02171 Figure 36 illustrates an elevation view of a prior art plough used in the cultivation of organic surfaces whereby a mainshare (22), foreshare (23), mouldboard (24), coulter (25) and/or a cut regubtor (26) can be present. A mainshare (22), foreshare (23).

mouldboard 24), coulter (25) andlor a scraper regulator (26) adaptation can be applied to conventional downhole practice and downhole pnor art to form an apparatus (2) usable to cultivate (I) a well bore, conduit andlor cable by forming longitudinal and/or convex protrusions into a surface (6) using the mainshare (22), foreshare (23) and coulter (25) and/or reducing the amplitude of convex protrusions from a surface (6) by using one of said scrapping (5) members on a convex protrusion extending from the plane of a surface (26) or grouting a concave protrusion into the surface using the mouldboard (24). wherein cultivation can be selectively controlled by a scraper regulator used to adjust amplitude variation.

[0218] Referring now to Figures 37 to 46, which show various method embodiments (1) and apparatus embodiments (2) usable with rotary strings and within completions.

[0219] Figures 37 and 38 illustrate a plan view with line U-U and an elevation view of the cross section through line U-U of Figure 38, respectively, for a method (I) embodiment (1P) and apparatus (2) embodiment (2P) for cultivating a weilbore.

[0220] Cultivation (iP) of a wall surface (6P) can comprise using an arcuate path fl34) engagement linkage (4P) operated scraper member (5P) flexibly extended and defiectable from a shaft (3P) via a piston (20) arrangement within the blades of a stabiliser (132) apparatus (2P) connectable to a drill string via tool joints (96) and usable to longitudinally separate wall surface (6P) regions (9P) of a conduit or strata bore for use with ancillary apparatus (7P) comprising. e.g.. a sleeve usable to operate the internal fluid passageway (28) and associated piston(20) andlor spreadable substance (8P) comprising, e.g., drilling slurry.

[0221] The apparatus (2P), linkage (4P), scraper (5P) and shaft (3P) can be selectively arranged to provide a mainshare (22). foreshare (23), mouldboard (24), coulter (25) andlor a cut regulator (26) that can comprise a piston (20) operated from internal dnll string fluid energy pressure, wherein any scraper (5P) is engagable to the piston (20) for flexible extension and deflection according fluid pressure cushion in the piston to provide longitudinal furrows with circulation pressure and axial reciprocation of the drill string and longitudinally transverse scraping when axially rotated. The illustrated arrangement can provide benefit in vertical bores and instances where back-reaming is not problematic. In extended reach wells where back reaming can be problematic the edged scrapers can be replace with abrasive scrapers to reduce convex protrusions from the plane of the bore wall surface; wherein when the foreshare (23) and coulter (22) members of the scraper (5P) are not present the piston is usable to centralize the stabiliser to prevent digging into high inclination side walls, thus, cultivation (I) can provide significant benefit over the conventional practice of not back-reaming within bores of high inclination.

[0222] Figures 39. 40 and 41 show a plan view with line 1-1-1-1, an elevation view of a cross section through line H-H of Figure 39, and an isometric view, respectively, of a method (1) embodiment (1Q) and apparatus (2) embodiment (2Q) usable for cultivating a wall surface of a well and providing. e.g.. a whipstock (50).

[0223] An apparatus (2Q) can be used to cultivate (1Q) a wall surface (6Q) with a scraper member (5Q) extended with an arcuate engagement linkage (4Q) from the shaft (3P), whereby the scraper and linkage are a combined arcuate scraper (4Q, 5Q) usable by the apparatus (2Q) to separate wall surfaces (9Q) for use by and ancillary apparatus (7Q), e.g. a foam wiper ball, and/or spreadable substance (8Q), e.g. cement or resin for anchoring the lower end (8Q2) to the wall surface (6Q) regions (9Q) so that the upper end (2Qi) can comprise, e.g., a fibre (47), plastic (48) and/or composite material (49) which can be bored during a side-track off of the lower end whipstock (50). It is to be understood that the length of the whipstock can be significantly extended to provide a conventional whipstock inclination for kick-off during boring.

[02241 The apparatus (2Q). linkage (4Q). scraper (5Q) and shaft (3Q) can be selectively oriented and arranged to be interoperable to provide a mainshare (22), foreshare 23), mouldboard 24), coulter 5) and/or a cut regulator (26) that can comprise a filament (18) downhole reel (i65), that can be adapted from, e.g., a fishing reel and operated with a flat spiral coiled spring (19), downh&e motor (42) or any other suitable downhole actuating device usable to control the length of filament extended from the stabiliser (132) and longitudinal arcuate engagement blade. The filament (18) arcuate (4Q) scraper (5Q) member can be secured in a arcuate loop, as shown, or provided with a free end that is rotated (39) in an arcuate path (i34) to furrow into a surface (6Q).

[0225] figure 42 depicts an elevation diagrammatic view of a slice through a well for a method (I) embodiment (IR) and apparatus (2) embodiment (2R) that can be used to place whipstock (50) and kick-off plug to side-track a well after becoming stuck in the hole (164) and severing the lower end of the drill string including the BRA (130), which can comprise heavy weight drill pipe, stabilisers (132), drill collars (131) and a boring bit (133). Becoming stuck in the hole and side-tracking is a significant problem due to the propensity of the side-track to follow a cement kick-off p'ug which is softer than the surrounding formation because of low patience levels when waiting-on-cement, which are caused by over optimism and the relatively high daily cost of a drilling operation.

[0226] A scraper member (5R) can be used to cultivate (1R) of a wall surface (6R) using an arcuate engagement linkage (4R) comprising, e.g., an abrasive (15) filament (18) that fulTows deep into the surface (ÔR) during rotation (39) of the apparatus (2R) comprising an adapted stabilizer with lower end cementing conduit ancillary apparatus (7R) usable to place a spreadable substance (8R) comprising the cement for a kick-off plug.

[02271 Engaged drill pipe and the apparatus (2R) upper stabiliser (2R1) portion can comprise a fibre (47), plastic (48) andlor composite material (49) that can be easily bored through while the lower end (2R2) can comprise a whipstock (50) made of metal and anchored to the strata bore (59) with filaments (18) and cement (8R) which has been pumped around (29) the apparatus (2R) but has not yet full set.

[0228] Accordingly, the time and expense spent waiting-on-cement during an open hole (59) side-track can be saved by inclusion of arcuate (4R) scraper (5R) members that can be rotated (39) to fulTow into and anchor to the side wall so as to provide a lower end whipstock with an upper end drillable portion.

[0229] Figure 43 illustrates an elevation diagrammatic view of a slice through a well for a method (1) embodiment (iS) and apparatus (2) embodiment (2S) that can be used to isolate a passageway behind a finer or casing which can represent a significant problem during boring and abandonment operations because high pressure fluids from strata (100-115) can enter the well bore behind a poorly cemented liner and rupture of collapse casing, whereby the strength of strata (100-115) may be insufficient to support a weighted fluid c&umn necessary to kill the trapped fluid pressure and repair the annulus using convention practice.

[0230] A wall surface (6S) can be prepared by a draggable scraper member (5S) comprising, e.g., a super abrasive (15) cutter that is flexibly engaged via an arcuate linkage (4S) comprising. e.g., a filament (18) deployed from a shaft (35) to cultivate (IS) and separate the wall surface (65) into regions (9S) usable by and ancillary apparatus (75) comprising, e.g.. abridge plug (163) and/or spreadable substance (85) comprising, e.g., a kill weight fluid supported by the bridge plug of sufficient weight to circulate any trapped fluid pressure behind the liner out of the well followed by, e.g.. cement to seal the poor cementation.

[0231] An additional benefit of the present invention can comprise the relatively low torque required to operate a scraper (5). Accordingly, the lower end of the drill pipe (94, the apparatus (2S) and/or the bridge plug (163) can comprise composite fibre and plastic material of sufficient strength to perform rotation and cementation that can be left in place during cementation to seal the annulus between the smaller diameter liner (57) and larger diameter liner (56) and later bored through after the repair. As cement is a heavy fluid, the application of pressure to squeeze the cement will force it downward to a'so seal the fluid pressure passageway to the annulus to prevent fluid energy (34) from entering the annulus.

[0232] Figures 44, 45 and 46 show an elevation diagrammatic view of a slice through a well with detail lines I and J, a magnified diagrammatic elevation view within line I, and a magnified diagrammatic elevation view with line J. respectively, for a method (1) embodiment (IT) and apparatus (2) embodiments (2T. 2T1, 2T2) that can be used through a well completion, wherein the tubing (60) is hung from a tubing hanger (78) to support a safety valve (71) and control line (72) extending downward to a hanger (134) production packers (76) accessing strata (100-115) through perforations (137). The present invention provides significant benefit over conventional practice and prior art by providing relatively simple and cost effective solutions to preparing the many surfaces associated with, e.g., the swages (80), nipples (79), packers (76), valves (71), control lines (72) and/or wireline entry guides (77) of a completion.

[0233] Cultivating (IT) a wall surface (6T) can include using a draggable scraper member (5T) that can be flexibly engaged via an arcuate linkage (4T) deployed from a shaft (3T) to form an apparatus (2T) that can separate the wall surface (6T) into regions (9T) usable by and ancillaiy apparatus (7T) and/or spreadable substance (8T).

[0234] An apparatus (2T1) can comprise using a shaft (3T1) with a series of longitudinally spaced arcuate linkage (4T1) abrasive scrapers (5T1), e.g. abrasive (15) filaments (18), that can transversely separate wall surface (6T1) regions (9T1) when rotated (39) using, e.g., a surface or downhole motor application of axial forces to the shaft (3T1). The method provides significant because it can be used in isolation or incorporated with longitudinal furrowing of a production packer (76) and hanger (134) to avoid the conventional practice and prior art methods of milling such a heavy during ancillary apparatus. As filaments (18) can be more easily separated from the shaft (3T1) the method and apparatus are less likely to become buried in the well if portions of the packer (76) or hanger (134) lodge between the shaft and the side wall.

[02351 The method (iT) can include using a shaft (3T2) to rotate (39) arcuate linkage (4T2) scraper (5T2) members comprising an abrasive (15) filament (18) arrangement similar to that of a weed trimmer to separate wall surface (6T2) regions (9T2) for the tubing (60) and control line (72) above the safety valve (71), wherein the apparatus can be centralised and the length of the filament (18) can be controlled to avoid cutting the production casing (55).

[02361 A crushing piston ancillary apparatus (7T) and spreadable substances (8T) comprising viscous and/or weighted sealing fluids used to aid crushing and/or cleaning of the casing (55) andior cement or resin for sealing the casing andlor liner after logging the primary cement (58) behind the casing andlor liner to ensure that it is competent. If the primary cementation is unsuitable, significant benefit can be added by the present inventions ability to form a lattice of separate regions to seal around poor cement bonding and/or squeeze cement into furrows or perforations.

[0237] Alternatively, the present invention can use longitudinal furrows or a series of perforations to increase the likelihood of squeezing cement to a wet shoe (161) and, thus, provides significant benefit over the conventional practice and prior art use of holes or conventional perforating (137).

[0238] Refering now to Figures 47 to 50, which illustrate various method embodiments (1) and apparatus embodiments (2) usable with wireline or slickline rigs.

[0239] Figures 47 and 48 illustrate an elevation view of a slice through a well with detail line K and a magnified detail view within the line K of Figure 47 for a pedal scraper member method (1) embodiment (lU) and apparatus (2) embodiment (2U) that can be used for application of a spreadable substance (8) squeeze cleaning and cementing embodiment (8U).

[0240] The use of ancillary apparatus (7U) andlor a spreadable substance (SU) squeezed (1U) between two scraper members (5U1, 5U2) can be provided by cultivating (1U) a wall surface (ÔU) with draggable scraper members (5U) that can be flexibly formed with pedal baskets (17) and engaged via an arcuate linkage (4U) embodiments (4Ul, 4U2) deployed from a shaft (3U) to separate the wall surface (6U) into regions (9U) so as to use fluid energy (34) and squeeze a spreadable substance (8U) through furrows (11), perforations (137) and against an bndge plug ancillary apparatus (7U).

[024i] The cultivating (IU) application of a spreadable substance provides significant improvements over conventional practice and prior art, which is silent to using fluid pressure with arcuately engagable scrapers to fill or grout a convex protrusion into the surface of a wall, because the method (1) and apparatus (2) of the present invention provide a system wherein the perforations (137) can be replaced with longitudinal furrows (II) or a series of perforations (10) that provide improved fluid communication such that the squeezing of a spreadable substance is significantly improved. For example, while cement may be squeezed into a space the cleaning of the space using surfactants is Hniited through the perforations, whereby the additional and significant benefit of adding furrows that pass through a first conduit 154) to allow the scrapers (SU) to engage a second conduit (53), such that eccentricity can be reduced through centralisation of the inner conduit (54) to apply a viscous surfactant that better cleans and prepares the surfaces (6U) for squeeze cementing can be realised.

[0242] Figures 49 and 50 show an elevation view of a slice through a well with detail line L and a magnified detail view within the line L of Figure 49 for a rotary filament method (1) embodiment (lv) and apparatus (2) embodiment 2V) that can be used for forming a furrow (11) transverse to the longitudinal axis of the well and/or fulTows oriented longitudinally to the axis of the well dunng cultivation of a wall surface (6, 6Y) therein.

[0243] An apparatus (2V) to prepare a wall surface (6V) for use by an ancillary apparatus (7V) and/or a spreadable substance (8V) using a method of cultivation (iv). wherein a draggable scraper member (5V) comprising, e.g., a basket (17) to seal against a conduit to direct fluid through (28) a shaft (3V4) to operate a fluid motor (42) that can be used to axially rotate (39) as shaft (3V9) using the fluid energy (34) from the motor to operate an abrasive (15) filament (18) scraper (SV). or alternatively a choke (45) to operate a fluid jet scraper (SV) nozzle (i6), that can be flexibly engaged to the surface (6V) in an arcuate path to abrade or jet a furrow (ii) using an arcuate axial rotating (39) linkage (4V) deployed from a shaft (3V) to separate the surface (6V) into regions (9V).

[0244] The apparatus (2V) shaft (3V) can comprise a centralisation and basket actuation shaft (3V1) that passes through centralisation shafts (3V2, 3V3) operating arcuate centralization linkages (4Vl) flexibly engaged to conduit walls via a coiled spring (19) such that a basket (17) centralization scraper member (5V2) coflects and directs fluid energy (34) into a shaft (3V4) housing a fluid motor (42) that operates a rotary shaft (3V8) passing through shafts (3V5-3V7) and a coiled spring (i9) operating a centralizing arcuate linkage (4V3), wherein shaft (3V8) is usable to rotate shaft (3V9) deploying a combined arcuate linkage (4V4) and scraper (5V, 5V1) members that are usable to cultivate (lv) the wall surface (6V) by separating the surface into regions (9Y) using a transversely oriented furrow (II) using either an abrasive (15) filament (18) combined (4Y4,SV1) member or fluid jetting nozzle combined (4V4, 5Vl) member.

[0245] Prior art is silent to downhole abrasive filament cutting of conduits and the present invention provides significant benefit over conventional and prior art abrasive jet cutting by providing the ability to pass through tubing (60) to cultivate casing (54, 55) without the conventional need for shallow operations suitable for the numerous conventionally necessary cables and hoses to significant downhole depths.

[0246] A fluid motor (42) is depicted but it is to be understood that any form of energy and/or motor is usable, e.g. electricity and a downhole electric motor or axial rotation using a surface dnven top drive and rotary string.

[0247] Referring now to Figures 51 to 66, which depict various method embodiments (1) and apparatus embodiments (2) that can be used with various arcuate paths or arcuate shaped members.

[0248] Figure 51 shows an isometric view for a method (I) embodiment (1W) and apparatus (2) embodiment (2W) that can be used to form a wall surface furrow (11) during cultivation of a wall surface (6W) of a conduit (54-57), cement (58) andlor bore (59) after passage through a smaller diameter conduit (53-56 and 60) bore.

[0249] A scraper (SW) apparatus (2W) for cultivation (1W) of a wall surface (6W) can be formed by selectively arranging a draggable scraper member (5W) and associated engagement arcuate linkage (4W) deployed from a shaft (3W) to separate the surface (6W) into regions (9W) for use by an ancillary apparatus (7W) and/or a spreadable substance (8W). Longitudinal furrows (11) are depicted but it is to be understood that providing any concave protrusion into any wall surface plane, which is shown as a cylindrical plane (160), or reducing the amplitude of convex or concave wall surface plane by either shaving or honing and, thus, reducing the amplitude of a convex protrusion out of the surface plane or filling or grouting a concave protrusion into the wall surface plane can comprise cultivation of a wall surface.

[0250] Figure 52, 53 and 54 illustrate a plan view, isometric view with detail line M, and a magnified view with line M of Figure 53, respectively, for a method (1) embodiment (IX) and apparatus (2) embodiment (2X) that can be used with an arcuate bow spring (19) member. Cultivation (lix) of a wall surface (6X) can use a scraper (5X) apparatus (2X) that can be formed by selectively arranging a flexibly engagable and deflectable scraper member (5X) extended and retracted with an arcuate engagement linkage (4X) comprising a bow spring (19) selectively arranged with a plurality of shafts (3X) to separate regions (9X) of the surface (6X) into for use by an ancillary apparatus (7x) andlor a spreadable substance (8x).

[025 i] The use of bow springs (19) provides the benefit of a relatively low cost and simple implementation of the cultivating (IX) method and apparatus (2X), wherein an actuator may grip a shaft receptacle (159) and swallow the shaft (3X1) to urge movaNe shafts (3X2, 3X3) axially movable along the central shaft (3X1) toward the scraper members (SX) to compress the bow spring (19) and radial arcuately force the bow spring engagement to the pad (158) and associated fastener (157) engaged scraper members (5x) to radially extend and flexibly engage the wall surface (6X), wherein the scrapers (5X) are draggable and deflectable along and from the surface during cultivation (IX) of the surface (6X).

[0252] Figure 55 depicts an isometric view with dashed lines illustrating hidden surfaces for a method (1) embodiment (1Y) and apparatus (2) embodiment (2Y) that can be deployed radially to provide an arcuate path engagement (134) or used with an arcuate shaped linkage (4Y) to engaged any scraper member including the disc coulter scraper member (5Y) shown.

[0253] Apparatus (2Y) cultivation (1Y) of a wall surface (6Y) with a scraper(5Y) member selectively arranged and operated by a flexible engagement linkage (4Y) that combined with the scraper member (5Y) is usable to provide an arcuate engagement (143) operated by a fastened (157) shaft (3Y) and associated bearing (151) to drag the scraper across the wall surface (6Y) to separate it into regions (9Y) that can be used by an ancillary apparatus (7Y) andlor a spreadable substance (8Y). The arcuate linkage (4Y) can comprise linear radial deployment if the arcuate path (143) is provided by, e.g., a rotating scraper (5Y).

[02541 Alternatively, if the edged (14) disc coulter scraper member (5Y) and associated receptacle and shaft (3Y) are omitted then, e.g.. abrasive scrapers can be applied to the resulting pad (158) to reduce the amplitude of convex protrusions from the plane of the wall surface using an arcuate (4Y) shaped member, which is not the convention within. e.g., conventional and prior art polishing or honing operations which use non-deflectable honing engagements or within conventional and prior art cleaning operations that can use deflectable arcuate engagements but focus only upon removing debris that is attached to a surface and not honing or cutting of the surface itself.

[0255] Figures 56 and 57 show a plan view with line N-N and an elevation view cross section through line N-N of Figure 56, respectively, for a method (1) embodiment (IZ) and apparatus (2) embodiment (2Z) that can be used with hydrostatic pressure actuation.

[0256] An arcuate engagement linkage (4Z) comprising, e.g., a flexible (31) bow spring (19) Unkage (4A1) engaged with fasteners (157) to a rigid (30) skate Unkage (4A2) carrying a scraper (5Z) to form an apparatus (2Z) usable for cultivating (1 Z) a wall surface (6Z) by dragging a scraper member (5Z) across the surface. The shaft (3Z) can be selectively arranged and can comprise a shaft (3Z1) for engaging the linkage (4Z1) which is secured to a shaft (3Z2) with an internal fluid passageway (28) to a hydrostatic chamber (155) usable to actuate the apparatus (2Z) with fluid energy (34).

[02571 Valves (44) and packings (154) secured to the shaft (3Z2) with a packing nut (156) can be used to conuol a hydrostatic fluid chamber (155) and piston (20), whereby placing a fluid pressure within the chamber (155) which is equivalent to the selected depth of subtelTanean actuation allows a compressible fluid, e.g. nitrogen, to be compressed below the desired depth by the surrounding hydrostatic fluid about (29) the apparatus (2Z) to activate the piston for the bow spring (19) linkage (4Zl. 4Z2) downward to actuate the apparatus (2Z). When the apparatus is retrieved above the selected depth associated with the fluid pressure trapped within the chamber (155) the trapped pressure is greater than the surrounding hydrostatic pressure and actuates the piston to retract the arcuate linkage (4Z) and associated scraper member (5Z), thus, deactivating the apparatus at the selected depth. A connecting fluid passageway (28) may connect an upper and lower chamber (155) through the shaft (3Z4) to allow a lower version of the upper shaft (3Z2) to stroke within shaft (3Z3) during operation of the piston (20). Accordingly, lower end arcuate linkage, shafts, piston and chamber corresponding to upper end linkage (4Z1), shafts (3Zl -3Z3), piston (20) and chamber (155), which are not shown, can be present.

[02581 The desired depths and associated pressures surrounding and within the apparatus can be calculated andlor empirically measured through logging runs and various controlling mechanisms used for dowithole actuation and operation of the flexible engagement arcuate finkage (4Z) and scrape!' member (5Z) usable to separate the surface (6Z) into regions (9Z) for use by an ancillary apparatus (7Z) andlor a spreadable substance (8Z).

[0259] Figures 58 and 59 illustrate a plan view with line 0-0 and an elevation view cross section through fine 0-0 of Figure 58, respectively, for a method (1) embodiment (1AA) and apparatus (2) embodiment 2AA) that can use different types and sizes of disc coulters or disc cutters. It is to be understood that scraper (5) members can comprise any size or variation that is draggable across a wall surface (6AA) and which can scrap and/or comprise cutting (5AA2) or perforating (10) scraper member embodiments (5AA).

[0260] A shaft (3AA) se'ectively arranged to operate a wall surface (6AA) engageable arcuate linkage (4AA) and associated scraper members (5AA) comprising. e.g. any size of scraper (5AAI-5AA5) member suitable for deployment from the apparatus (2AA) and usable to cultivate (IZ) the surface (6AA) into regions (9AA) usable by an ancillary apparatus (7AA) and/or a spreadable substance (8AA). Any suitable linkage (4) comprising a downhole arcuately shaped linkage (4AA) or linkage deployable in an arcuate path is usable to deploy a scraper member (5), wherein, e.g., a member (5AA 1) can perforate (10) when rotated and can be draggable to furrow.

[0261] The arcuate Unkage (4) can act as a depth regulator (e.g. 26 of Figure 36) to control the depth that a concave perforation or fulTow can be cut into the surface, wherein the depth is controlled by the distance from the outer edge of the scraper (5) to the abutment of the arcuate member (4) against the surface (6) for either perforations (10) or furrows. Accordingly as shown in Figure 58, various sizes of cutters can be selectively arranged, oriented and deployed to selectively control the depth of a concave protrusion into the plane of the surface (6) provided that the transverse dimension of the apparatus (2) can be deployed through upper end bores of the well to the surface (6) where cultivation (I) occurs.

[0262] Figures 60. 61 and 62 depict a plan view, side elevation view, and front elevation view, respectively, for a method (1) embodiment (lAB) and apparatus (2) embodiment (2AB) that can be adapted to have a low width to length ratio.

[0263] A scraper (SAB) flexible arcuate engagement linkage (4AB) can comprise a plurality of arcuately bendable members (4AB1,4AB2) engaged with, e.g., rivets (153) to hold the scraper members (5AB) and laterally (152) deploy them with shafts (3AB) that can be sdectively arranged to be interoperable with other members. The apparatus (2AB) members can be interoperable and selectively actuatable using any lateral, radial (152) or longitudinal means to engage and separate wall surface (6AB) regions (9AB) and, thus, cultivate (lAB) the wall surface (6AB) for use by an ancillary apparatus 7AB) and/or a spreadable substance (8AB).

[0264] Figures 63 and 64 show a plan view with line P-P and an elevation view cross section through line P-P of Figure 63, respecdvely, for a method (1) embodiment (1AC) and apparatus (2) embodiment (2AC) that can have a low diameter to length ratio.

[0265] An apparatus (2AC) formed by selectively arranging interoperable members comprising a scraper member (SAC), flexible arcuate engagement linkage member (4AC) and associated shaft member (3AC) usable to cultivate (1AC) a wall surface (6AC) by separating the wall surface into regions (9AC) can provide a prepared surface for subsequent use by an ancillary apparatus 7AC) andlor a spreadable substance (SAC). As shown in Figure 63, a plurality of scraper members can be arranged for passage through a conduit, e.g. tubing (60), to cultivate the tubing or another surrounding surface that can at least in part be obstructed by the tubing before cultivation, and whereby thin arcuate linkages and associated scraper members can comprise edged (14) andlor abrasive (15 of Figures 65-66) cutters that can pass through a first surface to cultivate at least a second surface.

[02661 Figures 65 and 66 illustrate elevation views for an unactuated (lAD I) method (1) embodiment (lAD) and actuated (IAD2) method (1) embodiment (lAD) and apparatus (2) embodiment (2AD) that can be used with an abrasive filament arcuate spring.

[02671 Cultivating (lAD) a wall surface (6AD) can be performed by separating the surface into regions (9AD) by actuating (IAD2, 2AD2) all apparatus (2AD) from an unactuated position (1AD1, 2AD1), wherein the apparatus can be adapted or formed by selectively arranging one or more shafts (3AD, 3AD1, 3AD2) to be interoperable with an arcuate engagement linkage (4AD) bendable in an arcuate path (i43) to carry an associated scraper member (5AD) comprising, e.g., an abrasive cutter (15) that cultivates (lAD) the surface (6AD) for use by an ancillary apparatus (7AD) and/or a spreadable substance (SAD).

[02681 Figures 67 and 68 depict an elevation view of a slice through a well with detail line Q and a magnified view within detail line Q of Figure 67, respectively, for a method (1) embodiment (1 AE) and apparatus (2) embodiment (2AE) that can be used to cut casing along the thngitudina axis of the well after passing through an internal conduit or drill pipe.

[0269] An apparatus (2AE) for cultivating (1AE) a wall surface (6AE) into separated regions (9AE) can be performed by selectively arranging a shaft (3AE) and an arcuate engagement linkage (4AE) to be interoperable with an associated deep furrowing (11) scraper member (5AE) flexibly engaged to and defleetable from the surface (6AE) to cut convex or concave protrusions from or into the surface to separate regions (9AE) for use by an ancillaiy apparatus (7AE) and/or a spreadaNe substance (8AE). An apparatus can be selectively adapted and arranged for passage through a dissimilar contiguous passageway comprising. e.g., tubing 60 entering a larger annulus space within a liner (57) cemented (58) into a strata bore (59). The method can be used with deep cutting scraper members (5AE) to, e.g., prepare deep furrows (11) that can be supplimented with transverse furrows, as descnbed in Figure 17, to form a lattice separation that, as describe in Figure 14, can be removed.

[027W Referring now to Figures 69 to 86, which show method embodiments K I) and apparatus embodiments (2) that can use a bascule or seesaw-like pivotal linkage to cultivate a well surface (6) with a scraper (5) member arcuately engaged by a linkage (4) extending radially from a shaft (3) to prepare the sm-face for use by an ancillary apparatus (7) or spreadable substance (8).

[0271] Figures 69 and 70 depict isometric cross sectional views of an off-centre longitudinal slice through one side and an off-centre longitudinal slice through the other side to illustrate a method (1) embodiment (lAP) for an unactuated (2AFI) retracted position (141) and actuated (2AF2) extended position (142) of an apparatus (2) embodiments (2AF) that can be used for forming a cultivating furrow in a well's wall surface along the longitudinal axis thereof [0272] A scraper (SAP) member of an apparatus (2AF) for cultivating (I AF) a wall surface (6AF) into separated regions (9AF) can be operated by selectively arranging a shaft (3AF) members (3AF1-3AF3) with track bearings (151) and an arcuate engagement linkage (4AF) to flexibly engage the scraper in the longitudinal orientation shown or a transverse orientation using, e.g., knives, coulters and/or chisels that can be axially rotated relative to the well bore axis to provide longitudinal andlor transverse longitudinal separated surface (6AP) regions (9AP) usable by an ancillary apparatus (7AF) and/or a spreadable substance (SAP).

[0273] Figures 71 and 72 illustrate isometric views of method (1) embodiments (lAG, 1AH, respectively) and apparatus (2) embodiments (2AG, 2AH. respectively) for various bascule, seesaw andlor bellow folding type arrangement of cutters.

[02741 A flexibly arranged arcuate linkage (4AG, 4AH) usable to scrape a scraper (SAG, 5AH) member across a surface (6AG, 6AH) to separate it into regions (9AG, 9AH) can comprise pivotal engagements that are axially variable with yoke (150) arrangements around a scraping member (SAG) to form a cultivating (lAG, 1AH) apparatus (2AG, 2 AH) deployed and operated from a shaft (3AG, 3AH) that places the arcuate engagement linkage (4AG. 4AH) to flexibly engage the scraper (SAG, 5AM) in an longitudinal and/or transverse orientation to the wall surface plane and associated well bore axis to provide longitudinal andlor transverse longitudinal separate regions (9AG, 9AH) in the surface (6AG, 6AH) for use by an ancillary apparatus (7AG, 7AH) and/or a spreadable substance (8AG. 8AH).

[02751 The shaft (3AG, 3AH) can include a longitudinal shaft (3AGI, 3AHi) with receptacles for engagement of axially slideable transverse shafts (3AG2-3AG4, 3AH2-3AH4) associated with arcuate linkage (4AG, 4AH) members (4AG l-4AG4, 4AHi-4AH4) to provide an arcuate path (143) for flexibly engaging the wall surface (6AG. 6AH) and separate it (9AG. 9AM) using a scraping member (SAG, SAN) comprising any scraper-like member shown, e.g., as cutting wheels.

[0276] Figures 73, 74, 75, 76 and 77 show an unactuated (2A11) isometric view, actuated (2A12) isometric view, exploded view with dashed lines showing hidden surfaces and detail lines R and S, a magnified detail view within line R, and a magnified detailed view within line S, respectively, for a method (1) embodiment (lAl) and apparatus (2) embodiment (2A1) that can be used for forming a furrow along the longitudinal axis of a wellbore wall surface.

[0277] Cultivating (lAT) a surface (6A1) with a scraper (SAl) member of an apparatus (2A1) usable to separate the surface into regions (9Al) can be used to prepare the surface for ancillary apparatus (7A1) and/or spreadable substance (8A1) operations, wherein selectively arranging a shaft (3A1) and an arcuate engagement linkage (4A1) to flexibly engage the scraper (SAT) in an longitudinal andlor transverse orientation to the well bore axis can provide a longitudinal andlor transverse longitudinal separated suiface (6A1) regions (9A1) usable by the ancillary apparatus and/or a spreadable substance.

[0278] The shaft (3A1) can comprise an upper end connector shaft (3A11) rotatable about an orientation shaft (3A12) that can be engaged to a central shaft (3A15) using, e.g., threaded (144) and swivel (145) connections. An upper end actuation connector shaft (3A13) engaged to a lower end actuation shaft (3A14) using a flexible connector, e.g. a ball joint therebetween and a lower end hinge that is interoperable with an arcuate linkage (4A1) arm (4A11).

[02791 The arcuate engagement linkage arms (4A11-4A13) are extendable and retractable into and out the central shaft (3A15). An upper arcuate linkage arm (4A11) is interoperaNe with and engaged to a central pivot arcuate linkage arm (4Al2) via the axles of a draggable scrapper (5A11) member. The central pivot arm (4A12) pivots on a shaft (3A18) and is engaged to and interoperable with a draggable scraper member (5A12) which opposes an opposite scraper member (SAIl) when actuated to centralize the apparatus (2Al). The lower arcuate linkage arm (4Al3) is engaged to the pivot aim (4A12) via the axle of the draggable scraper (5A12) and the lower engagement shaft (3A17) via a transverse oriented hinge engagement (149).

[02801 The unactuated (2A11) apparatus (2A1) is actuated (2A12) by sliding the central shaft (3Al5) within the lower engagement shafts (3Al6, 3A17) to shorten the apparatus and actuate the arcuate linkage (4A1), wherein the linkage arms (4A11, 4A13) extend and the pivot arm (4A12) rotates around a transverse oriented shaft (3A18). As shown the linkage the arcuate path (143) of the linkage can arcuately engage the wall surface (6A1), wherein the extended (141) and retracted (142) sliding nature of the shafts (3A15-3A17) provides a flexible engagement that is deflectable with sliding of the shafts used, e.g. a spring-like actuation mechanism.

[02811 A plurality of apparatus (2A1) can be longitudinally engaged, as shown in Figures 80 to 86, by engaging the upper end internal shaft (3A13) transverse bore to an associated central shaft (3A15 of the longitudinally connected apparatus) lower end bore with a pinning shaft and placing the split shafts (3A16 and 3A17) around the connection. The upper end connector shaft (3A11 of the longitudinally connected apparatus) can be engaged to the lower end connector of the split shaft (3A17) using, e.g., a threaded connection, which is also used to hold the split shafts (3A16, 3A17) together. The split shafts (3A16, 3A17) and securing shaft (3A11 of the longitudinally connected apparatus) can be used to provide access for engagement of the lower end transverse bore of the central shaft to the upper end bore of an internal shaft (3A13 of a different apparatus) using a transverse shaft similar to (3A18).

[0282] Accordingly, one or more apparatuses (2A1) can be longitudinally engaged, as shown in Figures 80 to 86, to cultivate (1AT) a wall surface with longitudinal furrows (11). The illustrated wheel or disc cutters and/or harrows can be draggable if, e.g., they are prevented from rotating for any reason, but any form of knife, chisel, cutter, coulter and/or abrasive scraper member is usable to cultivate (1 Al) a surface (6A1). As shown, the central shaft can have receptacles for scraper members (SAIl, 5A12) which can have pass through ports or passages to reduce clogging of the receptacle with debris during downhole use.

[0283] As shown in Figures 76 and 77, shafts can be selectively alTanged and interoperably formed using, e.g., a spline mandrel (147) and associated spline receptade (148) can be used to orient or phase one apparatus 2AI) relative to an associated apparatus another to provide a plurality of longitudinal scrapper engagements like that shown in Figures 78 and 79.

[0284] As earlier described, a conduit can separate when ver ically cutting through a wall of the pipe body at a coupling or tool joint due to the possible loss of the cylindrical shape or plane of the surface and separation of the thread forms at the tool joint or coupling. When separation is not desired various prior art and/or conventional actuation apparatus like a collar or coupling locator (CCL) tool which is a logging tool that can measure the presence of a connector and which can be adapted and/or combined with an axial actuation tool to selectively extend and retract the vertical scraper member to prevent cutting and destroying the cylindrical surface plane at the connector to prevent separation.

[0285] Such adaptation and selective control provide significant benefit by providing for the furrowing and weakening or complete longitudinal cutting of a surface's wall with a scraper member (SAT) to weaken or shred the pipe body between the couplings so that conduit is suspended within the well. Maintaining the conduit suspension can be used to allow tools to be removed prior to transversely cutting and parting the pipe body above the weakened or shredded portions. Consequently, various methods and apparatus of the present inventor can then be used to place a piston and crush the conduit to provide space for a spreadable substance. A benefit of weakening or shredding the conduit significantly, e.g. (IAJ of Figure 79) can be used to turn the pipe body into an extremely thin walled cy'inder with a diameter (D) to wall thickness (t) ration (D/t) of over fifty, in the weakened case, or into a shredded arrangement of spaghetti-like strands that suspend the conduit string in tension but easily fail in compression and, thus, significantly increase the crushing compression ratio.

[0286] As the tubing can part when the weight of the lower end is such that the extremely thin wall and/or spaghetti-like shredded conduit wall strands fail, the present invention provides significant benefit by provided cushioned actuation using, e.g., springs or hydrostatic pistons and a relatively small diameter tool that is centralised within the pipe body. If the conduit parts during the cultivation of its wall surface, tension on the apparatus (2A1) supporting string can allows parted tubing to fall axially downward around a supported apparatus with sufficient clearance to prevent binding. Accordingly, if the pipe body falls around the apparatus to leave it in the well bore, the apparatus can be operated with line tension to re-enter the lower end of the upper end of the parted conduit to continue operation or be retrieved to surface for repair or replacement.

[0287] Additional and significant benefit is added by the relatively small number of working parts and the relative diameter of the apparatus (2A1) within significandy larger conduits, e.g. the tubing to the production casing, intermediate casing and even the surface or conductor casing if the apparatus's length and member parts lengths are adjusted to engage the wall surface of said conduits. The simplicity of the tool and ability to provide commonly sized parts for a range of tubing and conduits provides the significant benefit of reducing inventories and allowing on-site inspection and repair of the apparatus (2A1).

[0288] The benefits of a pivotal arrangement of arcuate engagement linkages (4A1) is also significant because it provides for more metal and/or composite material thickness and associated strength to be packaged or arranged within the relatively small diameter, e.g. 44.45 mm (1.75 inches) capable of operation within relatively a relatively small 60.33 mm (23/8 inches) outside diameter drift of 45.03 mm (1.773 inches) for 8.65 kilograms per metre or 5.8 pound per foot tubing which, in the illustrated proportions can arcuately engage 177.8 mm (7 inch) casing or liner internal, diameter of 152.5 mm (6.004 inches). By providing sufficient pivotal aim thickness and associated strength with phasing, e.g. like that shown in Figures 78 to Figure 81, the length can be increased while maintaining the same apparatus 2A1) diameter to reach various casings including, e.g., 762 mm (30 inch) outside diameter conductor or surface casing with an inside diameter of 711.2 mm (28 inch).

[0289] Various materials can be used to form the members of an apparatus (2A1) that can include metal or, e.g. fibre @7), plastic (48) andior composite material @9) comprising a mix of fibres and plastic to allow tools to be more easily removed should they become stuck during operations. For example, if it is critical to retain access through a conduit after preparing the conduits wall with longitudinal furrows to allow placement of, e.g., a swellable packer therein, the cultivating apparatus (2A1) could be constructed of a composite material (49) to allow removal of, e.g., an electric motor or coiled tubing fluid motor driven mill, wherein the metal scraper (SAl) could be collected in a junk basket or allowed to fall downward.

[0290] Figures 78 and 79 depict an isometric view and plan view, respectively, of a method (1) embodiment (iAJ) and apparatus (2) embodiment (2AJ) that phases a longitudinal cutter, e.g., 2A1 of Figures 73 to 77, to cultivate a plurality of longitudinal furrows in a wall surface along the longitudinal axis of a wellbore. An apparatus (2AJ) for cultivating (IAJ) a surface (6AJ) with aplurality of scraper 5AI) members selectively arranged and axially phased shafts (3AJ) to use a plurality of axially spaced arcuate engagement linkage (4AJ) to flexibly engage the plurality of scraper members (5AJ) in an longitudinal circumferential orientation to the well bore axis can provide a plurality of longitudinal furrows (11) to weaken or completely separate a surface (6AJ) wall regions (9AJ) usable by the ancillary apparatus (7AJ) and/or a spreadable substance (8AJ).

[029i] Significant benefit can be provided by such an arrangement when used over a longitudinal portion of the well bore during, e.g., weakening of conduits for use by a subsequent crushing ancillary apparatus usable to compress various conduit/cables and provide space for logging tools or a spreadable substance like cement. The ability to provide a plurality of longitudinal furrows or separations in a surface allows engineers to design for and control the forces necessary for crushing a conduit by controlling the resistance to crushing. For example, to lower the resistance to crushing more longitudinal cuts can be added to reduce the cross sectional area resisting longitudinal column crushing forces to, in effect, turn the conduit into spaghetti-like columns that can be more easily compacted.

[02921 Alternatively, the longitudinal furrows in a bore's wall surface or complete separations in the surfaces of a wall can be combined with transverse furrows or complete transverse separations to replace the conventional milling operations or to provide concave protrusions into a wall surface, whereby a spreadable substance can be scraped across a surface to reduce a convex protrusion from the surface, placed onto and/or grouted into a concave protrusion into the surface and allowed to set and be anchored to the surface in preparation for use by ancillary equipment like expandable liners or packers.

[0293] Adding vertical furrows within a strata wall after initially bonng it can also be used to increase the speed of under-reaming operations. Conventionally, the time to under-ream a strata bore can take as long as boring the strata bore. If conventional drill collar shafts were adapted with longitudinal scraper members actuated on trip out of or into the well bore after bonng and deactivated before entering the casing andlor beginning under-reaming or hole opening operations efficiencies could be gained in respect to reducing the time to necessary to under ream a section that has already been bored because the thngitudinal furrowing weakens the well bore prior to such operations.

[0294] Various cutting and non-cutting disc arrangements, e.g. adaptations of those described US 5,752,454 according to the present invention, can be selectively arranged to be interoperable with other members to cultivate a wall surface by scraping it with a member to produce a concave protrusion into the wall surface's plane, reduce a convex protrusion from thc wall surfacc's planc and/or fill or grout a concave protrusion into the wall surface for use by ancillary downhole equipment or spreadable substances.

[0295] Figures 80 and 81 illustrate isometric views of an actuated (2AK2) and unactuated (2AK1) apparatus (2) embodiment (2AK) and method (1) embodiment (1AK) that can used with, e.g., a plurality of vertical cutters (2A1 of Figures 73 to 77).

[02961 Figures 82, 83, 84, 85 and 86 show a plan view with section line T-T, upper end elevation view cross section through line T-T of Figure 82, elevation cross section through line T-T of Figure 82 starting from the bottom of Figure 83, elevation cross section through line T-T of Figure 82 starting from the bottom of Figure 84, and elevation cross section through line T-T of Figure 82 starting from the bottom of Figure 85, respectively, for the actuated (2AK2) and deactivated (2AKI) embodiments of Figures 80 and 81. wherein Figure 84 is a continuation of Figure 83, Figure 85 is a continuation of Figure 84, and Figure 86 is a continuation of Figure 85.

[0297] A scraper 5AK) cultivating (1AK) apparatus (2AK) for prepanng a surface (6AK) for use by an ancillary apparatus (7AK) and/or spreadable substance (8AK) can use a shaft (3AK) which a actuated axially from an lengthened (141) position (2AKI) to shortened (142) position (2AK2) with an associated arcuate engagement linkage (4AK) retracted position (2AKI) to extended position (2AK2) selectively arranged to flexibly engage the scraper (5AK) in an ongitudina1 and/or transverse orientation to the well bore axis can prepare longitudinally andlor transverse longitudinally separated surface (6AK) regions (9AK) that can be usable by the ancillary apparatus (7AK) andlor a spreadable substance (8AK).

[0298] The shaft member (3AK) can comprise a plurality of shaft members (3AKI-3AK31) that can be selectively arranged to be interoperable with other members. Similar to embodiment Figures 73 to 77. the shaft (3AK) can comprise a plurality of upper end connector shafts (3AKIO, 3AK20) rotatable about orientation shafts (3AKI 1, 3AK21) that can be engaged to central shafts (3AK12, 3AK22) using, e.g., threaded (144) and swivd (145) connections. Upper end actuation connector shafts (3AK7, 3AK17) engaged to a lower end actuation shaft (3AK8, 3AK18) using a flexible connector, e.g. a ball joint (146) therebetween and a lower end hinge (149) that is interoperable with arcuate linkage (4AK) arms (4AKI. 4AK4).

[0299] The arcuate engagement linkage arms (4AK1-4AI6) are extendable and retractable into and out the central shafts (3AK12, 3AK22). Relative to the central shafts, an upper arcuate linkage arm (4AKI, 4AK4) is interoperable with and engaged to a central pivot arcuate linkage arm (4AK2, 4AD5) via the axles of draggable scrapper (5AKi, 5AK3) members. The central pivot anus (4AK2, 4AK5) pivot on shafts (3AK13. 3AK23) and are engaged to and interoperable with draggaNe scraper members (5AK2, 5AK4) which oppose opposite scraper members (5AK1, 5AK3) when actuated to centralize the apparatus (2AK). The lower arcuate Unkage arm (4AK3. 4AK6) is engaged to the pivot arms (4AK2, 4AK4) via the axles of the draggable scrapers (SAK2, 5AK4) and the lower split engagement shafts (3AK14, 3AK24) via a transverse oriented hinge (149).

[030W The unactuated extended position (141. 2AKI) of the apparatus (2AK) can be retracted (142) and actuated (2AK2) by sliding the central shafts (3AK12. 3AK24) within the split engagement shafts (3AK15, 3AK16 and 3AK24, 3AK25) to shorten the apparatus and actuate the arcuate linkage (4AK), wherein the linkage arms (4AKi, 4AK3 and 4AK4, 4AK6) extend and the pivot aims (4AK2, 4AK5) rotate around a transverse oriented shafts (3AK 13, 3AK23).

[0301] Initially, the apparatus (2AK) can be actuated by engaging the lower end shaft (3AK31) with, e.g.. a no-go profile in a completion, to shear the transverse shear pin shafts (3AK30) release and activate the spnngs (i9) which can be held in a compressed stated during deployment. The arcuate engagement linkage (4AK) can also be actuated by an actuating device (129) within the apparatus (2AK) shaft (3AK), which can comprise a shaft (3AKI) that can axially actuate a shaft member 3AK2) andior engage a shaft member (3AK3) used to engage the internal shaft member t3AK2), using, e.g., slip segments (138), grabs (139) or any other means.

The actuator (129) can, e.g., use electromagnetic forces to pull and release the actuation shaft (3AK2) which can be caught and released with the slips (138) and grips (139). The actuator (129) can include a coupling collar locator (CCL) to measure the presence of connectors and selectively actuate and deactivate the apparatus (2AK) according to the method (1 AK) so that, e.g., a conduit sting does not inadvertently separate due to longitudinal cultivation of the wall surfaces.

[0302] Any suitable actuation means can be used according to the available space and application. For example. the shaft (3AK1) can house a small explosive charge (140) to deactivate the apparatus (2AK) by pushing the slip segments (138) into the grabs (139) to compress the springs (19) used for extendable and deflectable engagement of scrapers. Alternatively, the hydrostatic actuation described in Figure 57 can be used.

[0303] As demonstrated, embodiments of the present invention thereby provide apparatus and methods that enable any adaptation of a conventional apparatus according to the scope and spirit of the present invention or use of invented apparatus, described herein, to perform primary and/or secondary cultivation that forms separate wall regions, wherein cultivation can comprise primary or secondary tillage cultivation and/or secondary scraper cultivation, which applies a spreadable substance to a wall surface or to grout a substance into furrows in the wall surface. Primary tillage cultivation can comprise deeper ploughing or cutting into a well to produce a fulTow or rough wall surface finish, whereas secondary tillage can comprise less forceful scrapping of a wall surface to produce a smoother wall surface finish like that required to make a seal with, e.g., an inflatable packer. Harrowing a wall surface can combine both primary and secondary tillage methods andlor apparatus into one operation.

[0304] The demonstrated embodiments can be used within diverse pressure, temperature and stratigraphic forces that can be vastly different from one well to the next and which have formed over hundreds of millions of years. Consequently. the art and practice of the well construction and production industry is to rely both upon empirical measurements via sensors andlor transponders to gather data for theoretical equations that can be used for forming an apparatus for subsequent use and/or actuating or operating of a downhole apparatus exposed to subtelTanean substances, pressures and temperatures. Various embodiments may first perform empirical measurements of the downhole environment to configure various actuators, which can be activated and deactivated according to the temperatures and pressures within a downhole environment or the time spent within a set of well conditions.

[0305] While various embodiments of the present invention have been described with emphasis, it should be understood that within the scope of the appended claims, the present invention might be practiced other than as specifically described herein.

[03061 Reference numerals have been incoiporated in the claims purely to assist understanding during prosecution.

Claims

CLAIMSThe embodiments of the invention in which an exclusive property or privilege is claimed are defined as follows: A method (1) for foirning or using an apparatus (2) to cultivate the surface of a subterranean well bores', conduits' or cables' wall, with said method comprising the steps of: adapting or forming at least one apparatus (2) with a surface hoistable shaft (3) member carrying a radially extendable and retractable arcuate engagement linkage (4) member that flexibly engages and allows deflection of an associated draggable scraper member (5) to and from a wall sm-face (6) of a bore, conduit or cable of a subterranean well to, in use, cultivate said wall surface for use by an ancillary apparatus (7) or spreadable substance (8) engageable thereto, and wherein cultivating said wall surface with said apparatus comprises selectively arranging said shaft, arcuate engagement linkage and scraping members to flexibly engage to and allow deflection from said wall surface along the axis of said subterranean well to at least longitudinally or transversely drag said scraping member across said wall surface to at least longitudinally or transversely separate or join said wall surface into at least longitudinally or transversely separated or joined wall surface regions (9) or a crossing lattice of said separated or joined wall surface regions for use by said ancillary apparatus or spreadable substance placed within said subterranean well and engaged with said separated or joined wall surface regions.
2. The method according to claim 1, wherein said cultivating is characterized by operating said scraper member along said axis to longitudinally or transversely cut concave perforations (10), furrows (I I). or combinations thereof, said separations in the plane of said wall surface to longitudinally or transvers&y separate said wall surface regions relative to said axis of said subteiTanean well.
3. The method according to claims i or claim 2, wherein said cultivating is characterized by operating said scraper member along said axis to longitudinally or transversely join said separate wall surface regions by reducing the amplitude (i2) of a convex or concave protrusion out of or into the plane of said wall surface by cutting or grouting (13) said convex or concave protrusion with a cutter or grout, respectively, to, in use, substantially reduce the amplitude of said wall surface protrusions with reduced amplitude longitudinal or transverse convex or concave protrusions from or into said wall surface relative to said axis of said subterranean well.
4. The method according to any preceding claims, further comprising the step of operating said scraper member along said axis to longitudinally or transversely cut said wall surface to expose or cultivate at least a second said wall surface that is, at least in part. obstructed by said wall surface or debris associated with said wall surface before said longitudinal or transverse cut.
5. 6, 7, 12, 13, 14, 15. 16 and 17, M) Figures 18 to 21, N) Figure 22, 0) Figure 23. P) Figures 37 to 38, Q) Figures 39 to 41, R) Figure 42, S) Figure 43. T) Figures 44 to 46, U) Figures 47 to 48, V) Figures 49 to 50, W) Figure 51, X) Figures 52 to 54, Y) Figure 55, Z) Figures 56 to 57, AA) Figures 58 to 59, AB) Figures 60 to 62, AC) Figures 63 to 64, AD) Figures 65 to 66, AE) Figures 67 to 68, AF) Figures 69 to 70, AG) Figure 71, AH) Figure 72, Al) Figures 73 to 77, AJ) Figures 78 to 79 and AK) Figures 80 to 86 of the accompanying drawings Figures.

5, The method according to any preceding claims, further comprising the step of adapting or forming said apparatus with a transverse dimension sized for passage within or adjacent to said wall surface through said subterranean well bore's or conduit's upper end internal passageway to a lower end thereof
6. The method according to claim 5, further compnsing the step of sizing and selectively arranging said arcuate linkage's radially extendable and retractable dimension from said internal passageway to provide said flexible engagement and allow said deflection of said associated draggable scraper member to and from said wall surface or said at least second said wall surface.
7. The method according to any preceding claims, further comprising the step of selectively arranging and phasing a plurality of said scraper members along the axis of said at least one apparatus to form a plurality of axially longitudinal, axially transverse, or combinations thereof, wall surface separations using an associated plurality of axially longitudinal or transverse scraper member engagements to said wall surface.
8. The method according to any preceding claims, further comprising the step of adapting or forming said apparatus with an actuating member for communicating with or between other members to activate other members, deactivate other members, or combinations thereof, and wherein said actuating member is selectively arranged to be interoperable with other said members to selectively or intermittently operate said apparatus.
9. The method according to claim 8, further comprising the step of adapting or forming said actuating member with a measurement (97) member selectively arranged with other said members to empirically measure the downhole parameters of said subterranean well, said wall surface, other members of said apparatus, or combinations thereof.
10. The method according to claim 9, further comprising the step of adapting or forming said measurement member to measure at least one of the three dimensions, time, temperature, movement, communication signals, or combinations thereoL occurring within said subterranean well.
11. The method according to claim 8, further comprising the step of adapting or forming said actuating member to be selectively or intermittendy operate said apparatus with axial string transferred energy (33), fluid energy (34), electncal energy (35), energy of a chemical reaction (36), or combinations thereof (37).
12. The method according to claim 11, further compnsing the step of adapting or forming said actuating member with a fluid valve (44). fluid choke (45). or combination thereof, to selectively control fluid flow associated with said fluid energy or said energy associated of a chemical reaction.
13. The method according to claim 8, further compnsing the step of adapting or forming said actuating member to selectively or intermittently operate one or more members using axial movement (38), axial rotation (39), or combinations thereof
14. The method according to claim 8, further comprising the step of adapting or forming said actuating member with a motor (42). pump (40). or combinations thereof.
15. The method according to claim 8, further comprising the step of adapting or forming said actuating member with a spring (19), piston (20), or combinations thereof, adaptable member part.
16. The method according to any preceding claims, further comprising the step of adapting or forming said arcuate engagement linkage with at least one pivotal member part comprising: a rigid (30) part with a pivotal link, a flexible (31) part, or combination thereof, usable to carry and flexibly engage to and allow deflection of an associated scraper member to and from said wall surface.
17. The method according to claim 16, further comprising the step of forming said pivotal member part with an elastic material (32), bendable filament (18), a hinge (41), or combinations thereof.18-The method according to claim 16 or claim i 7, with the step of using a how or coiled: elastic (32), filament (18), spring (19), or combinations thereof, to form said at least one pivotal member part.19. The method according to any preceding claims, further comprising the step of adapting or forming and selectively arranging said apparatus to vibrate (46) durthg said scraping member's flexible engagement with said wall surface.20. The method according to any preceding claims, further comprising the step of adapting or forming said apparatus with at least one tubular (27) member part selectively arranged to be interoperable with other said members to provide fluid flow through (28) or about (29) said apparatus.21. The method according to any preceding claims, further comprising the step of adapting or forming said scraper member with an edged (14), abrasive (15), or combinations thereof, cutter member part sdectively arranged to be interoperable with other said members.22. The method according to any preceding claims, further comprising the step of adapting or foirning said scraper member with a nozzle (16), basket (17), or combinations thereof, scraper member part selectively arranged to be interoperable with other said members.23. The method according to any preceding claims, further comprising the step of adapting or forming said apparatus to form a downhole ploughing (21) said scraping member comprising a: mainshare (22), foreshare (23), mouldboard (24), coulter (25), cut regulator (26). or combination thereof. member part selectively arranged for interoperability between members.24. The method according to any preceding claims, further comprising the step of adapting or forming and selectively arranging a member of said apparatus with a fibre (47), plastic (48), or combination thereof (49), member part selectively arranged to be interoperable with other said members.25. An apparatus (2) for cultivating (I) the surface of a subterranean well bores', conduits' or cables' wall, with said apparatus comprising: an apparatus (2) with a surface hoistable shaft (3) member carrying a radially extendable and retractable arcuate engagement linkage (4) member that flexibly engages and allows deflection of an associated draggable scraper member (5) to and from a wall surface (6) of a bore, conduit or cable of a subterranean well to, in use, cultivate said wall surface for use by an ancillary apparatus (7) or spreadable substance (8) engageable thereto, and wherein said apparatus for cultivating said wall surface comprises selectively arranging said shaft, arcuate engagement linkage and scraping members to flexibly engage to and allow deflection from said wall surface along the axis of said subterranean well to at least longitudinally or transversely drag said scraping member across said wall surface to at least longitudinally or transversely separate or join said wall surface into at least longitudinally or transversely separated or joined wall surface regions (9) or a crossing lattice of said separated or joined wall surface regions for use by said ancillary apparatus or spreadable substance placed within said subterranean well and engaged with said separated or joined wall surface regions.26. The apparatus according to claim 25, wherein said apparatus is characterized by operating said scraper member along said axis to longitudinally or transversely cut concave perforations (10), furrows (II), or combinations thereof, said separations in the plane of said wall surface to longitudinally or transversdy separate said wall surface regions relative to said axis of said subterranean well.27. The apparatus according to claims 25 or claim 26, wherein said apparatus is characterized by operating said scraper member along said axis to longitudinally or transversdy join said separate wall surface regions by reducing the amplitude (12) of a convex or concave protrusion out of or into the plane of said wall surface by cutting or grouting (13) said convex or concave protrusion with a cutter or grout, respectively, to, in use, substantially join said wall surface with reduced amplitude longitudinal or transverse convex or concave protrusions from or into said wall surface relative to said axis of said subtelTanean well.28. The apparatus according to my claims 25 to 27, further cornpnsing arranging said scraper member to operate along said axis to longitudinally or tnmsversely cut said wall surface to expose or cultivate at least a second said wall surface that is, at least in part, obstructed by said wall surface or debris associated with said wall surface before said longitudinal or transverse cut.29, The apparatus according to any claims 25 to 28, further comprising forming said apparatus with a transverse dimension sized for passage within or adjacent to said wall surface through said subterranean well bore's or conduit's upper end internal passageway to a lower end thereof.30. The apparatus according to claim 29, further comprising sizing and selectively arranging said arcuate linkage's radially extendable and retractable dimension from said internal passageway to provide said flexible engagement and allow said deflection of said associated draggable scraper member to and from said wall surface or said at least second said wall surface.31. The apparatus according to any claims 25 to 30, further comprising selectively arranging and phasing a plurality of said scraper members along the axis of said at least one apparatus to form a plurality of axially longitudina', axially transverse, or combinations thereof, wafl surface separations using an associated plurality of axially longitudinal or transverse scraper member engagements to said wall surface.32. The apparatus according to any claims 25 to 31, further comprising forming said apparatus with an actuating member for communicating with or between other members to activate other members, deactivate other members, or combinations thereof, and wherein said actuating member is selectively arranged to be interoperable with other said members to selectively or intermittently operate said apparatus.33. The apparatus according to claim 32, further comprising forming said actuating member with a measurement (97) member selectively arranged with other said members to empirically measure the downhole parameters of said subterranean well, said wall surface, other members of said apparatus. or combinations thereof.34. The apparatus according to claim 33, further comprising forming said measurement member to measure at least one of the three dimensions, time, temperature, movement, communication signals, or combinations thereof, occurring within said subterranean well.35. The apparatus according to claim 32, further comprising forming said actuating member to be selectively or intermittently operate said apparatus with axial string transfelTed energy (33), fluid energy (34), electrical energy (35), energy of a chemical reaction (36), or combinations thereof (37).36. The apparatus according to claim 35, further comprising forming said actuating member with a fluid valve (44), fluid choke (45), or combination thereof, to selectively control fluid flow associated with said fluid energy or said energy associated of a chemical reaction.37. The apparatus according to claim 32, further comprising forming said actuating member to selectively or intermittently operate one or more members using axia' movement (38), axial rotation (39). or combinations thereof 38. The apparatus according to claim 32, further comprising forming said actuating member with a motor (42), pump (40), or combinations thereof.39. The apparatus according to claim 32, further comprising adapting or forming said actuating member with a spring (19), piston (20), or combinations thereof, adaptable member part.40. The apparatus according to any claims 25 to 39. further comprising forming said arcuate engagement linkage with at least one pivotal member part comprising: a ngid (130) part with a pivotal link, a flexible (31) part, or combination thereof, usable to carry and flexibly engage to and allow deflection of an associated scraper member to and from said wall surface.41. The apparatus according to claim 40, further comprising forming said pivotal member part with an elastic material (32), bendable filament (18), a hinge (41), or combinations thereof.42. The apparatus according to claim 40 or claim 41, further comprising a bow or coiled: elastic (32), filament (18), spring (19), or combinations thereof, to form said at least one pivotal member pail.43. The apparatus according to any claims 25 to 42. further comprising forming and selectively arranging said apparatus to vibrate (46) during said scraping member's flexible engagement with said wall surface.44. The apparatus according to any claims 25 to 43, further compnsing adapting or forming said apparatus with at least one tubular (27) member part selectively arranged to be interoperaNe with other said members to provide fluid flow through (28) or about (29) said apparatus.45. The apparatus according to any claims 25 to 44, further comprising forming said scraper member with an edged (14), abrasive (15), or combinations thereof, cutter member part selectively arranged to be interoperable with other said members.46. The apparatus according to any claims 25 to 45, further comprising adapting or forming said scraper member with a nozzle (16), basket (17), or combinations thereof, scraper member part selectively arranged to be interoperable with other said members.47. The apparatus according to any claims 25 to 46, further comprising adapting or forming said apparatus to form a dowithole ploughing (2i) said scraping member comprising a: mainshare (22), foreshare (23). mouldboard (24). coulter (25), cut regulator (26), or combination thereof, member part selectively arranged for interoperabiity between members.48. The apparatus according to any claims 25 to 47. further comprising adapting or forming and sdectivdy arranging a member of said apparatus with a fibre (47), plastic (48), or combination thereof (49), member part selectively ananged to be interoperable with other said members.49. A method for forming or using an apparatus to cultivate the surface of a subterranean well bores', conduits' or cables' wall for use, the method being substantially as described hereinabove with reference to: A) Figures Ito 2, B) to L) ofFigures3,4,5,6,7, 12, 13, 14,15, I6and 17,M)Figures 18to21,N)Figure22, 0) Figure 23, P) Figures 37 to 38, Q) Figures 39 to 41, R) Figure 42. S) Figure 43, T) Figures 44 to 46. U) Figures 47 to 48, V) Figures 49 to 50. W) Figure 51, X) Figures 52 to 54, Y) Figure 55, Z) Figures 56 to 57, AA) Figures 58 to 59, AB) Figures 60 to 62, AC) Figures 63 to 64, AD) Figures 65 to 66, AE) Figures 67 to 68, AF) Figures 69 to 70, AG) Figure 71, AH) Figure 72, Al) Figures 73 to 77. AJ) Figures 78 to 79 and AK) Figures 80 to 86 of the accompanythg drawings Figures.50. An apparatus for cultivating the surface of a subtenanean well bores', conduits' or cables' wall for use, the apparatus being substantially as described hereinabove with reference to: A) Figures Ito 2, B) to L) of Figures 3. 4.