GB2501241A - A composition for reducing obesity - Google Patents
A composition for reducing obesity Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- GB2501241A GB2501241A GB1205145.4A GB201205145A GB2501241A GB 2501241 A GB2501241 A GB 2501241A GB 201205145 A GB201205145 A GB 201205145A GB 2501241 A GB2501241 A GB 2501241A
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- United Kingdom
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- tyrosine
- phenylalanine
- glucomannan
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Classifications
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23L—FOODS, FOODSTUFFS, OR NON-ALCOHOLIC BEVERAGES, NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES A21D OR A23B-A23J; THEIR PREPARATION OR TREATMENT, e.g. COOKING, MODIFICATION OF NUTRITIVE QUALITIES, PHYSICAL TREATMENT; PRESERVATION OF FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS, IN GENERAL
- A23L33/00—Modifying nutritive qualities of foods; Dietetic products; Preparation or treatment thereof
- A23L33/10—Modifying nutritive qualities of foods; Dietetic products; Preparation or treatment thereof using additives
- A23L33/105—Plant extracts, their artificial duplicates or their derivatives
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23L—FOODS, FOODSTUFFS, OR NON-ALCOHOLIC BEVERAGES, NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES A21D OR A23B-A23J; THEIR PREPARATION OR TREATMENT, e.g. COOKING, MODIFICATION OF NUTRITIVE QUALITIES, PHYSICAL TREATMENT; PRESERVATION OF FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS, IN GENERAL
- A23L33/00—Modifying nutritive qualities of foods; Dietetic products; Preparation or treatment thereof
- A23L33/10—Modifying nutritive qualities of foods; Dietetic products; Preparation or treatment thereof using additives
- A23L33/17—Amino acids, peptides or proteins
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
- A61K31/00—Medicinal preparations containing organic active ingredients
- A61K31/185—Acids; Anhydrides, halides or salts thereof, e.g. sulfur acids, imidic, hydrazonic or hydroximic acids
- A61K31/19—Carboxylic acids, e.g. valproic acid
- A61K31/195—Carboxylic acids, e.g. valproic acid having an amino group
- A61K31/197—Carboxylic acids, e.g. valproic acid having an amino group the amino and the carboxyl groups being attached to the same acyclic carbon chain, e.g. gamma-aminobutyric acid [GABA], beta-alanine, epsilon-aminocaproic acid, pantothenic acid
- A61K31/198—Alpha-aminoacids, e.g. alanine, edetic acids [EDTA]
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
- A61K31/00—Medicinal preparations containing organic active ingredients
- A61K31/70—Carbohydrates; Sugars; Derivatives thereof
- A61K31/715—Polysaccharides, i.e. having more than five saccharide radicals attached to each other by glycosidic linkages; Derivatives thereof, e.g. ethers, esters
- A61K31/736—Glucomannans or galactomannans, e.g. locust bean gum, guar gum
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
- A61K36/00—Medicinal preparations of undetermined constitution containing material from algae, lichens, fungi or plants, or derivatives thereof, e.g. traditional herbal medicines
- A61K36/18—Magnoliophyta (angiosperms)
- A61K36/185—Magnoliopsida (dicotyledons)
- A61K36/68—Plantaginaceae (Plantain Family)
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
- A61K36/00—Medicinal preparations of undetermined constitution containing material from algae, lichens, fungi or plants, or derivatives thereof, e.g. traditional herbal medicines
- A61K36/18—Magnoliophyta (angiosperms)
- A61K36/185—Magnoliopsida (dicotyledons)
- A61K36/82—Theaceae (Tea family), e.g. camellia
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
- A61P3/00—Drugs for disorders of the metabolism
- A61P3/04—Anorexiants; Antiobesity agents
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23V—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO FOODS, FOODSTUFFS OR NON-ALCOHOLIC BEVERAGES AND LACTIC OR PROPIONIC ACID BACTERIA USED IN FOODSTUFFS OR FOOD PREPARATION
- A23V2002/00—Food compositions, function of food ingredients or processes for food or foodstuffs
Abstract
A composition for oral ingestion comprises glucomannan, psyllium seed husks, green tea, L-phenylalanine and L-tyrosine, which may each be present as a powder. The composition of the invention is suitable for one or more of: reducing cravings for food, increasing metabolic rate, helping maintain catecholamine synthesis, and binding lipids passing through the gastrointestinal tract. The composition may be used for reducing obesity.
Description
A COMPOSITION FOR REDUCING THE CONSUMPTION OF FOOD AND THE
ABSORPTION OF ITS LIPID CONSTITUENTS
This invention relates to a composition for reducing the consumption of food and the absorption of its lipid constituents, while stimulating the metabolism and S preserving motivation for dietary regimen.
Background of the invention
The incidence of obesity has increased dramatically over the past few decades in most developed countries and one reason for this is overeating of energy-rich foods, including those particularly rich in fats. A great many solutions to this problem have been proposed ranging from special diets and exercise regimes, lipid-reducing food supplements and diet-suppressing drugs to surgical interventions such as gastric bands.
Various natural, semi-synthetic and synthetic substances have been developed and used for the purpose of binding lipids in the gastrointestinal (Cl) tract in order to reduce or prevent absorption of the lipids. For example, synthetic polymeric resins, which may be polyamines or anionic polymeric resins, have been proposed and used for binding to bile acids thereby preventing their reuptake and use in the biosynthesis of cholesterol. Examples ot substances of this type are disclosed in GB929391 (Merck). A problem with bile acid sequestering resins has been their lack of palatability. Consequently, much research has been expended in finding combinations of the resins with agents that improve the palatability of the resins.
For example, US5601 837 discloses combinations of psyllium husk and cholestyramine for treating hypercholesterolemia. US5286481 discloses combinations of an anion-exchange resin such as cholestyramine, colestipol or polidexide and bran for use in weight-reduction.
Other examples of substances for use in binding bile acids or other lipids such as triglycerides are disclosed in DE4I 36325 (Hoechst), which discloses cyclodextrins as bile acid adsorption agents useful for treating hyperlipidaemia, and U32004/O1 26444 (Dallas eta!.), which discloses the use of powdered plant material from the cladodes of cacti, including from the genus Opuntia, for binding dietary fats.
Glucomannan is a water soluble polysaccharide comprising mainly of mannose and glucose linked by beta 1,4 glycosidic bonds, typically in a ratio of 8:5. It is considered a dietary fibre and is used as a food additive as an emulsifier and thickener. It is marketed as a nutritional supplement directed towards obesity, high S cholesterol and type 2 diabetes. Glucomannan has been shown to decrease serum cholesterol when used in combination with chitosan, possibly by increasing steroid excretion via the faeces. Glucomannan is hygroscopic and on hydration, glucomannan forms a viscous gel, absorbing up to 50 times its weight in water.
Glucomannan thus expands on hydration, enhancing the feeling of satiation when taken with a meal, reducing the cravings for the consumption of food. However, a problem with using glucomannan is that, due to its swelling properties, great care must be taken when ingesting glucomannan to avoid GI tract blockage, especially when glucomannan is taken in high doses,.
Psyllium seed husks are portions of the seeds of the plant Plantago ovata, (genus Plantago), a native of India. They are soluble in water, expanding and becoming mucilaginous when wet. Psyllium seed husks have also been used for binding dietary fats and preventing their absorption. However, although Psyllium seed husks act as a laxative in relatively small amounts, they can cause constipation when administered in the larger amounts needed for dietary fat removal.
Green tea may be made from the leaf buds, leaves or parts thereof, stems, stalks and/or twigs of the plant Camel/ia sinensis. Green tea and its extract have been associated with a number of health benefits, some of which have been attributed to one or more specific compounds present in tea. For example, consumption of green tea has been associated with a decrease total and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol due to the presence of a mixture of catechins, which are phenolic compounds. This effect may be due to the reduction in the absorption of cholesterol and other lipids from the GI tract. In addition, green tea and its extract can increase metabolic rate and fat oxidation rates, possibly due to the presence of polyphenols and caffeine. However, excessive consumption of green tea can cause nausea, insomrua and/or frequent urination due to the presence of caffeine.
Thus, at present, numerous substances and combinations of substances have been used for reducing the uptake of lipids/cholesterol from the GI tract, and other substances are thought to suppress cravings for food or increase a subject's metabolic rate. However, the reduction in food uptake associated with the consumption of glucomannan or psyllium seed husks may increase the risk of fatigue/lethargy, perhaps due to calorific restriction and/or reduced levels of micronutrients, and so may result in the reduction of motivation to follow a nutritional regimen. There is therefore a need for an improved composition comprising substances that work together to reduce the consumption of food and the absorption of its lipid constituents, whilst ameliorating the motivational problems associated with a restrictive diet.
Summary of the invention
The present invention provides an improved composition for reducing food consumption and reducing fat absorption in the GI tract, while increasing metabolic rate and preserving motivation. In this way, the compositions provide a means of combating obesity and hyperlipidaemia.
Accordingly, in a first aspect, the invention provides a composition for oral ingestion comprising glucomannan, psyllium seed husks, green tea, L-phenylalanine and L-tyrosine.
Thus, the invention provides a composition that advantageously reduces food consumption, while reducing the loss in motivation for the diet caused by the composition or the dietary regimen in which the composition is used.
The properties of glucomannan, psyllium seed husks and green tea are as described above.
L-phenylalanine is an essential amino acid, which can be obtained from the diet in meat, dairy products, eggs, nuts, seeds and soya. L-phenylalanine is also obtained on a commercial scale from an L-phenylalanine over-producing strain of Esetierichia co/i. Amongst other physiological roles, it is a precursor for catecholamines, including the neurotransmitters dopamine and noradrenaline (known in the US as norepinephrine), which are involved in, for example, reward-driven learning, emotional health and motivation.
L-phenylalanine may therefore be useful to ensure the maintenance of dopamine and noradrenalin during periods of reduced food intake. L-phenylalanine is also implicated in releasing cholecystokinin (CCK), which is a hormone implicated in the feeling of satiation following a meal.
L-tyrosine (4-hydroxyphenylalanine) is a non-essential amino acid, which is synthesised in the cell from L-phenylalanine. L-tyrosine is obtainable from many dietary sources. It is also obtained on a commercial scale from an L-tyrosine over-producing recombinant strain of Escherichia coil. Like L-phenylalanine, L-tyrosine is in the pathway for catecholamine synthesis, and so L-tyrosine may also be useful in the maintenance of dopamine and noradrenalin levels during reduced food intake.
The composition may contain from 15 to 60 parts by weight of glucomannan, from 2.5 to 10 parts by weight of psyllium seed husks, from 1.5 to 6 parts by weight of green tea, from 0.5 to 2 parts by weight of L-phenylalanine and from 0.5 to 2 parts by weight of L-tyrosine.
For example, the composition may comprise from 65-85% by weight glucomannan, 10-15% byweight psyllium husks, 5-10% byweightgreentea, 1-4% byweight L-phenylalanine and 1-4% by weight L-tyrosine.
In one embodiment, the composition comprises from 70-80% by weight glucomannan, 11-14% by weight psyllium husks, 6-9% by weight green tea, 1.5- 3.5% by weight L-phenylalanine and 1.5-3.5% by weight L-tyrosine.
More particularly, the composition may contain from 1.5 g to 6 g of the glucomannan, from 0.2 g to 1 g of the psyllium seed husks, from 0.15 g to 2 g of the green tea, from 0.05 g to 0.2 g of the L-phenylalanine and from 0.05 g to 0.2 g of the L-tyrosine.
For example, the composition may contain from 2 g to 4 g of the glucornannan.
from 0.3 g to 0.7 g of the psyllium seed husks, from 0.2 g to 0.4 g of the green tea, from 0.07 g to 0.15 g of the L-phenylalanine and from 0.07 g to 0.15 g of the L-tyrosine.
In a further embodiment, the composition contains approximately 3 g of the glucomannan, approximately 0.5 g of the psyllium seed husks, approximately 0.3 g of the green tea, approximately 0.1 g of the L-phenylalanine and approximately 0.1 g of the L-tyrosine.
Compositions of the invention advantageously enable the proportions of the components that swell on hydration to be reduced by including in the formulation compounds that can further reduce absorption of fat and/or increase fat metabolism (green tea), or elevate the feeling of satiation following a meal (L-phenylalanine). Thus, the compositions of the inventions are believed to help reduce obesity, while reducing the risk of GI tract occlusion/constipation.
S Compositions of the invention advantageously help overcome any reduction of subject compliance with a dietary regime caused by dietary shortfall in the essential amino acid L-phenylalanine, and the shortfall in catecholamine synthesis that can follow, due to reduced food intake during a dietary regimen using the composition of the invention. The invention solves this problem by providing a source of L-phenylalanine and its metabolite L-tyrosine to help ensure adequate catecholamine synthesis. Thus, the compositions of the inventions are believed to help reduce obesity, while preserving motivation for the dietary regimen.
The compositions of the invention may be presented in the form of capsules or powder, preferably powder. Preferably the powder is suitable for dissolution or suspension in a liquid prior to drinking.
The compositions of the invention may also be presented as medical devices, the term medical device as used herein referring to a substance which whilst providing a medical benefit to a sublect, is not absorbed significantly from the subject's GI tract and does not exert its actions by pharmacological means.
The composition, capsule or medical device of the invention as defined herein may be used for one or more of: reducing the cravings for food by reducing the available stomach volume; increasing metabolic rate; increasing fat oxidation rates; reducing the cravings for food by inducing the release of CCK; helping maintain catecholamine synthesis and binding lipids passing through the gastrointestinal tract and thereby preventing or reducing absorption of the lipids.
The composition, capsule or medical device of the invention as defined herein may be used for reducing obesity.
Glucomannan may be obtained from derived from konjac root (Amorpliophal/us konjac). In the compositions of the present invention, the glucomannan may be presented in powder form wherein at least 99.5% by weight of the particles forming the powder have a particle size (e.g. diameter) of 600 pM or less. Such particles will pass through a 30 mesh sieve. In one embodiment, at least 99.5% by weight of the particles have a particle size (e.g. diameter) of 400 pM or less. Such particles will pass through a 40 mesh sieve. In another embodiment, at least 99.5% by weight of the particles have a particle size (e.g. diameter) of 300 pM or less. Such particles will pass through a 50 mesh sieve. In a further embodiment, at least 95% S by weight of the parflcles have a particle size (e.g. diameter) of 210 pM or less.
Such particles will pass through a 70 mesh sieve. In another embodiment, at least 75% by weight of the particles will pass through a 50 to 60 mesh sieve and have particle sizes in the range from 230 to 280 pM.
The psillum seed husks are presented in the form of a powder. The psillum seed husks may be presented in powder form wherein at least 99.5% by weight of the particles forming the powder have a particle size (e.g. diameter) of 600 pM or less.
Such particles will pass through a 30 mesh sieve. In one embodiment, at least 99.5% by weight of the particles have a particle size (e.g. diameter) of 400 pM or less. Such particles will pass through a 40 mesh sieve. In another embodiment, at least 99.5% by weight of the particles have a particle size (e.g. diameter) of 300 pM or less. Such particles will pass through a 50 mesh sieve. In a further embodiment, at least 95% by weight of the particles have a particle size (e.g. diameter) of 210 pM or less. Such particles will pass through a 70 mesh sieve. In another embodiment, at least 75% by weight of the particles will pass through a 50 to 60 mesh sieve and have particle sizes in the range from 230 to 280 pM.
The green tea may be presented in the form of brewed tea, dry tea, preferably powdered dry tea. The powdered green tea may be presented in form wherein at least 99.5% by weight of the particles forming the powder have a particle size (e.g. diameter) of 600 pM or less. Such particles will pass through a 30 mesh sieve. In one embodiment, at least 99.5% by weight of the particles have a particle size (e.g. diameter) of 400 pM or less. Such particles will pass through a 40 mesh sieve. In another embodiment, at least 99.5% by weight of the particles have a particle size (e.g. diameter) of 300 pM or less. Such particles will pass through a 50 mesh sieve. In a further embodiment, at least 95% by weight of the particles have a particle size (e.g. diameter) of 210 pM or less. Such particles will pass through a mesh sieve. In another embodiment, at least 75% by weight of the particles will pass through a 50 to 60 mesh sieve and have particle sizes in the range from 230 to 280 pM.
In the compositions of the present invention, the L-phenylalanine may be presented in powder form.
In the compositions of the present invention, the L-phenylalanine is typically presented as free amino acid. However, it may also be presented in other bioavailable forms known to the skilled person.
In the compositions of the present invention, the L-tyrosine compound may be presented in powder form.
In the compositions of the present invention, the L-tyrosine is typically presented as free amino acid. However, it may also be presented in other bioavailable forms known to the skilled person.
The compositions of the invention are typically administered with or without (but preferably with or shortly before or after) meals one or more times per day. For example, the compositions may be administered from one to three times per day.
The compositions may be administered so that the daily intakes of the five components are as follows: Konjac glucomannan: ito 20 g Psyllium seed husks: 0.1 to 3 g Greentea: 0.lto2g L-phenylatanine: 0.05 to 0.6 g L-tyrosine: 0.05 to 0.6 g The compositions of the invention reduce the effective stomach volume by expanding on hydration. By reducing the amount of food required to produce feeling of fullness in a subject, the composition, it believed that obesity may be prevented or reduced. The feeling of fullness/satiation is further enhanced by stimulation of 00K release by the L-phenylalanine.
The compositions of the invention bind fats and other lipids in the GI tract and carry them through so that they are excreted with the faeces. In this way, the fats and other lipids cannot be absorbed by the body. By mopping up a large proportion of the fats in food consumed by a subject, obesity and hyperlipidaemia may be prevented.
The compositions of the invention may also enhance the level of dietary fibre in a subject's diet, thus improving the passage of waste through the digestive tract, reducing constipation and enhancing the well-being of a subject.
In a further aspect, the invention provides a cosmetic method of promoting weight loss in a subject, which method comprises administering to a subject an effective weight loss promoting amount of a composition as defined herein.
Thus, subjects (human subjects) who wish to lose weight for cosmetic or aesthetic reasons, rather than out of medical necessity, may ingest the compositions of the invention as part of a weight reduction or dietary plan.
The compositions of the invention may also be used in a medical context, for example, to promote weight loss in subjects suffering from a health-threatening level of obesity, or to bring about weight loss prior to an operation..
Therefore, in further aspects, the invention provides: * a composition as defined herein for use in medicine; * a composition as defined herein for use in the treatment of obesity; * a composition as defined herein for use in promoting medically desirable weight loss; * the use of a composition as defined herein for the manufacture of a medicament for the treatment of obesity; and * the use of a composition as defined herein for the manufacture of a medicament for promoting medically desirable weight loss.
The term treatment" as used herein in relation to the medical and therapeutic aspects of the invention is used in a general sense to mean the bringing about of a therapeutically beneficial improvement in a sulject. Thus, the treatment may be curative (in the sense that the subject becomes non-obese) or it may achieve a lesser objective of bringing about a significant degree of weight loss or of preventing further weight gain.
The invention will now be illustrated, but not limited, by reference to the following
specific example.
EXAMPLE 1
Formulation 1 The formulation comprises a powder comprising a mixture of powdered glucomannan derived from the root of Amorphophallus konjac, powdered psyllium seed husks, powdered green tea, L-phenylalanine and L-tyrosine in the following proportions: Konjac glucomannan: 3 g Psyllium seed husks: 0.5 g Green tea 0.3 g L-phenylalanine: 0.1 g L-tyrosine: 0.1 g The formulation is taken as a food supplement by adding 4 grams of the formulation to a glass of water, stirring and drinking immediately. The formulation is administered prior to a meal up to three times per day.
It will readily be apparent that numerous modifications and alterations may be made to the specific embodiments of the invention described above without departing from the principles underlying the invention. All such modifications and alterations are intended to be embraced by this application.
Claims (19)
- CLAIMS1. A composition for oral ingestion comprising glucomannan, psyllium seed husks, green tea, L-phenylalanine and L-tyrosine.
- 2. A composition according to claim 1 comprising from 65-85% by weight glucomannan, 10-15% by weight psyllium husks, 5-10% by weight green tea, 1-4% by weight L-phenylalanine and 1-4% by weight L-tyrosine.
- 3. A composition according to claim 2 comprising from 70-80% by weight glucomannan, 11-14% by weight psyllium husks, 6-9% by weight green tea, 1.5-3.5% by weight L-phenylalanine and 1.5-3.5% by weight L-tyrosine.
- 4. A composition according to claim I comprising from 15 to 60 parts by weight of glucomannan, from 2.5 to 10 parts by weight of psyllium seed husks, from 1.5 to 6 parts by weight of green tea, from 0.5 to 2 parts by weight of L-phenylalanine and from 0.5 to 2 pads by weight of L-tyrosine.
- 5. A composition according to claim 4 containing from 1.5 g to 6 g of the glucomannan, from 0.2 g to 1 g of the psyllium seed husks, from 0.15 g to 2 g of the green tea, from 0.05 g to 0.2 g of the L-phenylalanine and from 0.05 g to 0.2 g of the L-tyrosine.
- 6. A composition according to claim 5 containing from 2 g to 4 g of the glucomannan, from 0.3 g to 0.7 g of the psyllium seed husks, from 0.2 g to 0.4 g of the green tea, from 0.07 g to 0.15 g of the L-phenylalarune and from 0.07 g to 0.15 g of the L-tyrosine.
- 7. A composition according to claim 6 containing approximately 3 g of the glucomannan, approximately 0.5 g of the psyllium seed husks, approximately 0.3 g of the green tea, approximately 0.1 g of the L-phenylalanine and approximately 0.1 g of the L-tyrosine.
- 8. A composition according to any one of claims 1 to 7 wherein the glucomannan is presented in the form of a powder in which at least 75% by weight of the particles have particle sizes in the range from 230 to 280 pM.
- 9. A composition according to any one of claims 1 to 8 wherein the psyllium seed husks is presented in the form of a powder in which at least 75% by weight of the particles have particle sizes in the range from 230 to 280 pM.
- 10. A composition according to any one of claims 1 to 9 wherein the green tea S is presented in the form of a powder in which at least 75% by weight of the particles have particle sizes in the range from 230 to 280 pM.
- ii. A composition according to any one of claims ito 10 wherein the L-phenylalanine is presented in the form of a powder.
- 12. A composition according to any one of claims ito 11 wherein the L-phenylalanine is presented in the form of free amino acid.
- 13. A composition according to any one of claims ito 12 wherein the L-tyrosine is presented in the form of a powder
- 14. A composition according to any one of claims ito 13 wherein the L-tyrosine is presented in the form of free amino acid.
- 15. A composition according to any of claims 1 to 14 containing 3 g of the glucomannan, 0.5 g of the psyllium seed husks, 0.3 g of the green tea, 0.1 g of the L-phenylalanine and approximately 0.1 g of the L-tyrosine.
- 16. A capsule containing a composition according to any one of claims 1 to 15.
- 17. A medical device comprising a composition according to any one of claims itoi3.
- 18. A composition, capsule or medical device according to any one of claims 1 to 16 for use in one or more of: (i) reducing the cravings for food by reducing the available stomach volume; (H) increasing metabolic rate; increasing fat oxidation rates; (Ui) reducing the cravings for food by inducing the release of CCK; (iv) helping maintain catecholamine synthesis; and (v) binding lipids passing through the gastrointestinal tract and thereby preventing or reducing absorption of the lipids.
- 19. A composition, capsule or medical device according to any of claims 1 to 17 for reducing obesity.
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GB1205145.4A GB2501241A (en) | 2012-03-23 | 2012-03-23 | A composition for reducing obesity |
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GB1205145.4A GB2501241A (en) | 2012-03-23 | 2012-03-23 | A composition for reducing obesity |
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Citations (5)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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US20040096479A1 (en) * | 2001-08-24 | 2004-05-20 | Levine Scott David | Ultra-high fiber supplement and method of cancer reduction |
WO2005034650A1 (en) * | 2003-10-17 | 2005-04-21 | Diet Formulations Ltd. | Weight-loss supplement |
US20060159724A1 (en) * | 2000-08-08 | 2006-07-20 | Bell Stacey J | Nutritional supplement for the management of weight |
DE102006001035A1 (en) * | 2006-01-07 | 2007-07-12 | Beisel, Günther | Oral administration agent, useful e.g. as food auxiliary and to treat e.g. diabetes, comprises substance, which increase the viscosity of liquid and active agent, that delays, slows down/inhibits the hormonal emptying reflection of stomach |
US7977319B1 (en) * | 2006-04-03 | 2011-07-12 | Scott David Levine | Ultra-high fiber supplement and method of reducing weight, cardiovascular risks and ingested toxins |
-
2012
- 2012-03-23 GB GB1205145.4A patent/GB2501241A/en not_active Withdrawn
Patent Citations (5)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US20060159724A1 (en) * | 2000-08-08 | 2006-07-20 | Bell Stacey J | Nutritional supplement for the management of weight |
US20040096479A1 (en) * | 2001-08-24 | 2004-05-20 | Levine Scott David | Ultra-high fiber supplement and method of cancer reduction |
WO2005034650A1 (en) * | 2003-10-17 | 2005-04-21 | Diet Formulations Ltd. | Weight-loss supplement |
DE102006001035A1 (en) * | 2006-01-07 | 2007-07-12 | Beisel, Günther | Oral administration agent, useful e.g. as food auxiliary and to treat e.g. diabetes, comprises substance, which increase the viscosity of liquid and active agent, that delays, slows down/inhibits the hormonal emptying reflection of stomach |
US7977319B1 (en) * | 2006-04-03 | 2011-07-12 | Scott David Levine | Ultra-high fiber supplement and method of reducing weight, cardiovascular risks and ingested toxins |
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