GB2493770A - Determining the position and orientation of a remote end of a boroscope - Google Patents

Determining the position and orientation of a remote end of a boroscope Download PDF

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Publication number
GB2493770A
GB2493770A GB1114275.9A GB201114275A GB2493770A GB 2493770 A GB2493770 A GB 2493770A GB 201114275 A GB201114275 A GB 201114275A GB 2493770 A GB2493770 A GB 2493770A
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GB
United Kingdom
Prior art keywords
boroscope
orientation
data
remote end
assembled
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
GB1114275.9A
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GB201114275D0 (en
Inventor
James Kell
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Rolls Royce PLC
Original Assignee
Rolls Royce PLC
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Rolls Royce PLC filed Critical Rolls Royce PLC
Priority to GB1114275.9A priority Critical patent/GB2493770A/en
Publication of GB201114275D0 publication Critical patent/GB201114275D0/en
Publication of GB2493770A publication Critical patent/GB2493770A/en
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61BDIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B5/00Measuring for diagnostic purposes; Identification of persons
    • A61B5/06Devices, other than using radiation, for detecting or locating foreign bodies ; determining position of probes within or on the body of the patient
    • A61B5/065Determining position of the probe employing exclusively positioning means located on or in the probe, e.g. using position sensors arranged on the probe
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61BDIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B1/00Instruments for performing medical examinations of the interior of cavities or tubes of the body by visual or photographical inspection, e.g. endoscopes; Illuminating arrangements therefor
    • GPHYSICS
    • G02OPTICS
    • G02BOPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B23/00Telescopes, e.g. binoculars; Periscopes; Instruments for viewing the inside of hollow bodies; Viewfinders; Optical aiming or sighting devices
    • G02B23/24Instruments or systems for viewing the inside of hollow bodies, e.g. fibrescopes
    • G02B23/2476Non-optical details, e.g. housings, mountings, supports
    • GPHYSICS
    • G21NUCLEAR PHYSICS; NUCLEAR ENGINEERING
    • G21CNUCLEAR REACTORS
    • G21C17/00Monitoring; Testing ; Maintaining
    • G21C17/003Remote inspection of vessels, e.g. pressure vessels
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02EREDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E30/00Energy generation of nuclear origin
    • Y02E30/30Nuclear fission reactors

Abstract

An apparatus 64 for determining the position and orientation of a remote end 62 of a boroscope 60 comprises a sensor (66) located at a remote end 62 of the boroscope 60. The sensor produces signals having orientation data, gravitational data or velocity data. A measurement device 68 measures the length of the boroscope 60 inserted through an aperture 52, 56 into a body 10. The sensor sends the orientation data, gravitational data or velocity data to a processor 70 and the measurement device 68 sends a signal indicating the length of the boroscope 60 inserted into the body 10 to the processor 70. The processor 70 determines from the length of the boroscope 60 inserted into the body 10 and the orientation, gravitational or velocity data the three dimensional coordinate and the orientation of the remote end 62 of the boroscope 60 within the body 10. The body 10 may be an assembled apparatus, e.g. an engine, a nuclear reactor, a steam turbine, a heat exchanger or an electrical generator.

Description

AN APPARATUS AND A METHOD FOR DETERMINING THE POSITION AND
ORIENTATION OF A REMOTE END OF A BOROSCOPE
The present invention relates to an apparatus and a method for determining the position and orientation of a remote end of a boroscope and in particular to an apparatus and a method for determining the position and orientation of a remote end of a boroscope when the boroscope is inserted into a body, e.g. an assembled apparatus.
Boroscopes are predominantly used to view one or more components within an assembled apparatus, for example a gas turbine engine, instead of disassembling the apparatus to view the components. Boroscopes are used extensively, but the operators of the boroscopes require a high degree of training and skill in order to make optimum use of the boroscope. One of the major is problems experienced by an operator of a boroscope is knowing exactly where the remote end of the boroscope is located within the assembled apparatus and which direction the remote end of the boroscope is facing within the assembled apparatus. Without the knowledge of the position and the orientation of the remote end of the boroscope the image, or images, of a component returned by the boroscope are of little value, because it is difficult to identify the location of the component under examination.
Accordingly the present invention seeks to provide a method for determining the position and orientation of a remote end of a boroscope within a body, e.g. an assembled apparatus.
Accordingly the present invention provides a method for determining the position and orientation of a remote end of a boroscope, the method comprising providing a sensor at a remote end of the boroscope, the sensor producing signals having orientation data, gravitational data or velocity data, inserting the boroscope through an aperture into a body, measuring the length of the boroscope inserted into the body, determining from the length of the boroscope inserted into the body and the orientation data, the gravitational data or the velocity data the three dimensional coordinate and the orientation of the remote end of the boroscope within the body.
The method may comprise determining from the length of the boroscope inserted into the body and the orientation data, the gravitational data and the velocity data the three dimensional coordinate and the orientation of the remote end of the boroscope within the body.
The method may comprise sending the signals through a wire, the wire being arranged within the boroscope or attached to the boroscope.
The sensor may be a miniature electro mechanical system motion sensor.
The method may comprise providing a mathematical model of the body and determining from the mathematical model of the body, the length of the boroscope inserted into the body and the orientation data, the gravitational data or the velocity data the three dimensional coordinate and the orientation of the remote end of the boroscope within the body.
The method may comprise mapping the three dimensional coordinate and orientation of the remote end of the boroscope into the mathematical model of the body.
The mathematical model of the body may be a CAD (Computer Aided Design) model of the body.
The measuring of the length of the boroscope inserted into the body may comprise passing the boroscope between friction drive wheels and measuring the rotation of at least one of the friction drive wheels.
The method may comprise rotating at least one of the friction drive wheels to insert the boroscope into the body. The method may comprise rotating the at least one of the friction drive wheels to retract the boroscope from the body.
The method may comprise securing the friction drive wheels to the body to guide the boroscope through the aperture in the body.
The body may be an assembled apparatus.
The method may comprise inserting the boroscope through an aperture in a casing of the assembled apparatus.
The method may comprise inserting the boroscope into a gas turbine engine, an internal combustion engine, a diesel engine, a nuclear reactor, a steam turbine, a heat exchanger or an electrical generator.
The present invention also provides an apparatus for determining the position is and orientation of a remote end of a boroscope, the apparatus comprises a sensor located at a remote end of the boroscope, the sensor producing signals having orientation data, gravitational data or velocity data, a measurement device to measure the length of the boroscope inserted through an aperture into a body, the sensor is arranged to send the orientation data, gravitational data or velocity data to a processor, the measurement device is arranged to send a signal indicating the length of the boroscope inserted into the body to the processor, the processor is arranged to determine from the length of the boroscope inserted into the body and the orientation data, the gravitational data or the velocity data the three dimensional coordinate and the orientation of the remote end of the boroscope within the body.
The processor may be arranged to determine from the length of the boroscope inserted into the body and the orientation data, the gravitational data and the velocity data the three dimensional coordinate and the orientation of the remote end of the boroscope within the body.
The sensor may be arranged to send the signals through a wire, the wire being arranged within the boroscope or attached to the boroscope.
The sensor may be a miniature electro mechanical system motion sensor.
The processor may comprise a mathematical model of the body and the processor is arranged to determine from the mathematical model of the body, the length of the boroscope inserted into the body and the orientation data, the gravitational data or the velocity data the three dimensional coordinate and the orientation of the remote end of the boroscope within the body.
The processor may be arranged to map the three dimensional coordinate and orientation of the remote end of the boroscope into the mathematical model of the body.
The mathematical model of the body may be a CAD (Computer Aided Design) of the body.
The measurement device may comprise friction drive wheels, the boroscope is arranged to pass between the friction drive wheels and the measurement device is arranged to measure the rotation of at least one of the friction drive wheels.
The measurement device may comprise a motor arranged to rotate at least one of the friction drive wheels to insert the boroscope into the body. The motor may be arranged to rotate the at least one of the friction drive wheels to retract the boroscope from the body.
The friction drive wheels may be secured to the body to guide the boroscope through the aperture in the body.
The body may be an assembled apparatus.
The aperture may be in a casing of the assembled apparatus.
The assembled apparatus may comprise a gas turbine engine, an internal combustion engine, a diesel engine, a nuclear reactor, a steam turbine, a heat exchanger or an electrical generator.
The present invention also provides a method for determining the position and orientation of a remote end of a boroscope, the method comprising providing a sensor at a remote end of the boroscope, the sensor producing signals having orientation data, gravitational data or velocity data, inserting the boroscope through an aperture into an assembled apparatus, measuring the length of the boroscope inserted into the assembled apparatus, determining from the length of the boroscope inserted into the assembled apparatus and the orientation data, the gravitational data or the velocity data the three dimensional coordinate and the orientation of the remote end of the boroscope within the assembled apparatus.
The present invention also provides an apparatus for determining the position and orientation of a remote end of a boroscope, the apparatus comprises a sensor located at a remote end of the boroscope, the sensor producing signals having orientation data, gravitational data or velocity data, a measurement device to measure the length of the boroscope inserted through an aperture into an assembled apparatus, the sensor is arranged to send the orientation data, gravitational data or velocity data to a processor, the measurement device is arranged to send a signal indicating the length of the boroscope inserted into the assembled apparatus to the processor, the processor is arranged to determine from the length of the boroscope inserted into the assembled apparatus and the orientation data, the gravitational data or the velocity data the three dimensional coordinate and the orientation of the remote end of the boroscope within the assembled apparatus.
The present invention will be more fully described by way of example with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which:-Figure 1 is a partially cut away view of a turbofan gas turbine engine.
Figure 2 is an enlarged cross-sectional view through a portion of a compressor of the turbofan gas turbine engine showing an apparatus for determining the position and orientation of a remote end of a boroscope according to the present invention.
Figure 3 is an enlarged view of a remote end of a boroscope showing a sensor.
Figure 4 is a schematic view of an apparatus for determining the position and orientation of a remote end of a boroscope according to the present invention.
A turbofan gas turbine engine 10, as shown in figure 1, comprises in flow series an intake 11, a fan 12, an intermediate pressure compressor 13, a high pressure compressor 14, a combustor 15, a high pressure turbine 16, an intermediate is pressure turbine 17, a low pressure turbine 18 and an exhaust 19. The high pressure turbine 16 is arranged to drive the high pressure compressor 14 via a first shaft 26. The intermediate pressure turbine 17 is arranged to drive the intermediate pressure compressor 14 via a second shaft 28 and the low pressure turbine 19 is arranged to drive the fan 12 via a third shaft 30. In operation air flows into the intake 11 and is compressed by the fan 12. A first portion of the air flows through, and is compressed by, the intermediate pressure compressor 13 and the high pressure compressor 14 and is supplied to the combustor 15. Fuel is injected into the combustor 15 and is burnt in the air to produce hot exhaust gases which flow through, and drive, the high pressure turbine 16, the intermediate pressure turbine 17 and the low pressure turbine 18.
The hot exhaust gases leaving the low pressure turbine 18 flow through the exhaust 19 to provide propulsive thrust. A second portion of the air bypasses the main engine to provide propulsive thrust.
The intermediate pressure compressor 13, as shown more clearly in figure 2, comprises a rotor 36 carrying a plurality of stages of compressor rotor blades 38 and a stator 40 carrying a plurality of stages of compressor stator vanes 42. The compressor rotor blades 38 in each stage are circumferentially spaced and extend generally radially outwardly from the rotor 36. The compressor stator vanes 42 in each stage are circumferentially spaced and extend generally radially inwardly from the stator 40. The stator 40 also comprises a plurality of shrouds 44 axially interconnecting the stages of compressor stator vanes 42 and the shrouds 44 are positioned radially around a corresponding one of the stages of compressor rotor blades 38. The stator 40 of the intermediate pressure compressor 28 also comprises an outer compressor casing 50 and the outer compressor casing 50 is provided with one or more apertures 52, 53 to allow access for boroscopes. In addition the radially outer platforms 54 of one or more of the compressor stator vanes 42 have one or more apertures 56, 57 to allow access for boroscopes and/or repair devices. The shrouds 44 axially interconnecting the stages of compressor stator vanes 42 form a portion of an inner compressor casing 58. The compressor stator vanes 42 also have radially inner platforms 55.
An apparatus 64 for determining the position and orientation of a remote end 62 of a boroscope 60 is shown in figures 3 and 4. The apparatus 64 comprises a sensor 66 located at a remote end 62 of the boroscope 60, the sensor 66 produces signals having orientation data, gravitational data and/or velocity data, a measurement device 68 to measure the length L of the boroscope 60 inserted through the apertures 52 and 56 in the casings 50 and 54 respectively into the assembled turbofan gas turbine engine 10. The sensor 66 is arranged to send the orientation data, gravitational data and/or velocity data to a processor 70 and the measurement device 68 is arranged to send a signal indicating the length L of the boroscope 60 inserted into the assembled turbofan gas turbine engine 10 to the processor 70. The processor 70 is arranged to determine from the length L of the boroscope 60 inserted into the assembled turbofan gas turbine engine and the orientation data, the gravitational data and/or the velocity data the three dimensional coordinate and the orientation of the remote end 62 of the boroscope 60 within the assembled turbofan gas turbine engine 10. The processor 70 is arranged to determine from the length L of the boroscope 60 inserted into the assembled turbofan gas turbine engine 10 and the orientation data, the gravitational data and the velocity data the three dimensional coordinate and the orientation of the remote end 62 of the boroscope 60 within the assembled turbofan gas turbine engine 10. The sensor 66 is arranged to send the signals through a wire 72 and the wire 72 is arranged within the boroscope 60, as shown in figure 3, or is attached to the boroscope 60. The sensor 66 is a miniature electro mechanical system (MEMS) motion sensor. An example of a MEMS motion sensor is a [GA 14 sensor which has dimensions of 3mm, 5mm and 0.5mm.
The processor 70 comprises a mathematical model 74, e.g. a three dimensional mathematical model, of the assembled turbofan gas turbine engine 10 and the processor 70 is arranged to determine from the mathematical model 74 of the assembled turbofan gas turbine engine 10, the length L of the boroscope 60 inserted into the assembled turbofan gas turbine engine 10 and the orientation data, the gravitational data and/or the velocity data the three dimensional is coordinate and the orientation of the remote end 62 of the boroscope 60 within the assembled turbofan gas turbine engine 10.
The processor 70 is arranged to map the three dimensional coordinate and orientation of the remote end 62 of the boroscope 60 into the mathematical model 74 of the assembled turbofan gas turbine engine 10. The mathematical model 74 of the assembled turbofan gas turbine engine 10 is CAD (Computer Aided Design) model of the assembled turbofan gas turbine engine 10. The mapping of the three dimensional coordinate and orientation of the remote end 62 of the boroscope onto the mathematical model 74 of the assembled turbofan gas turbine engine 10 allows a clearer understanding of what, e.g. component, is being inspected and allows the operator to fully visualise where the end 62 of the boroscope 60 is positioned in the turbofan gas turbine engine 10. The three dimensional coordinate and orientation of the remote end 62 of the boroscope 60 within mathematical model 74 may be displayed in a display unit 82.
The measurement device 68 comprises friction drive wheels 76 and 78 and the boroscope 60 is arranged to pass between the friction drive wheels 76 and 78 and the measurement device 68 is arranged to measure the rotation of at least one of the friction drive wheels 76 and 78 and hence measure the length of the boroscope 60 inserted into the assembled turbofan gas turbine engine 10. The measurement device 68 also comprises a motor 80 arranged to rotate at least one of the friction drive wheels 76 and 78 to insert the boroscope 60 into the assembled turbofan gas turbine engine 10. The motor 80 is also arranged to rotate the at least one of the friction drive wheels 76 and 78 to retract the boroscope 60 from the assembled turbofan gas turbine engine 10 after the boroscope 60 has been used to view a component in the assembled turbofan gas turbine engine 10.
The friction drive wheels 76 and 78 may be secured to the assembled turbofan gas turbine engine 10 to guide the boroscope 60 through the apertures 52 and 56 in the casings 50 and 54 respectively of the assembled turbofan gas turbine engine 10. The drive wheels 76 and 78 may be temporarily attached to the casing 50 by locking them into the bolt holes normally used to secure a plug into the aperture 52.
The boroscope 60 also comprises an optical fibre 84 which has a viewing end 88 at the remote end 62 of the boroscope 60 and electrical leads 86 to a light emitting diode 90, or other suitable light source, at the remote end 62 of the boroscope 60.
Boroscoping, using a boroscope, is difficult and requires a high degree of training in order for it to return useful information. Boroscopes are also liable to become stuck within an assembled apparatus. The present invention allows an operator to visualise where the remote end of the boroscope is positioned in the assembled apparatus rather than having to imagine where it is. The present invention improves the confidence in the imaging data returned by the boroscope and also assists an operator to un-stick a boroscope if it were to become stuck in the assembled apparatus. The present invention also reduces the training time for an operator. The present invention may enable the boroscope to be inserted and directed to a component, or point, within an assembled apparatus by several different routes and the present invention may be used to select one of these several different routes. The processor and mathematical model of the assembled apparatus may be used to model the insertion and direction of the boroscope to a component, or point, within an assembled apparatus by several different routes in order to determine the route which is the least likely for the boroscope to become stuck and hence reduce the likelihood of the boroscope becoming stuck in the assembled apparatus and save the time and expense of having to disassemble the apparatus to remove the boroscope.
In addition the boroscope may comprise a tool, or the boroscope may be used with a tool, to perform one or more processes, e.g. dye penetrant inspection, cleaning, machining, welding etc, on a component within the assembled apparatus.
Although the present invention has been described with reference to determining the position and orientation of a remote end of a boroscope in an assembled is turbofan gas turbine engine, the present invention is equally applicable to determining the position and orientation of a remote end of a boroscope within any other type of gas turbine engine, an internal combustion engine, a diesel engine, a nuclear reactor, a steam turbine, a heat exchanger or an electrical generator or any other assembled apparatus and may be used on vehicles, e.g. ships, aircraft, trains etc. Although the present invention has been described with reference to determining the position and orientation of a remote end of a boroscope in an assembled apparatus, the present invention may be suitable for use in the medical industry for keyhole surgery and may be used in determining the position and orientation of a remote end of a boroscope in a body of a patient, whether human or animal.
The term boroscope is intended to include endoscope, fibrescope, videoscope, insertion tube or other device which is inserted into an assembled apparatus or a body of a patient.
1. A method of determining the position and orientation of a remote end of a boroscope, the method comprising providing a sensor at a remote end of the boroscope, the sensor producing signals having orientation data, gravitational data or velocity data, inserting the boroscope through an aperture into a body, measuring the length of the boroscope inserted into the body, determining from the length of the boroscope inserted into the body and the orientation data, the gravitational data or the velocity data the three dimensional coordinate and the orientation of the remote end of the boroscope within the body.
2. A method as claimed in claim 1 comprising determining from the length of the boroscope inserted into the body and the orientation data, the gravitational data and the velocity data the three dimensional coordinate and the orientation of the remote end of the boroscope within the body.
3. A method as claimed in claim 1 or claim 2 comprising sending the signals through a wire, the wire being arranged within the boroscope or attached to the boroscope.
4. A method as claimed in any of claims 1 to 3 wherein the sensor is a miniature electro mechanical system motion sensor.
5. A method as claimed in any of claims 1 to 4 comprising providing a mathematical model of the body and determining from the mathematical model of the body, the length of the boroscope inserted into the body and the orientation data, the gravitational data or the velocity data the three dimensional coordinate and the orientation of the remote end of the boroscope within the body.
6. A method as claimed in any of claims 1 to 5 comprising mapping the three dimensional coordinate and orientation of the remote end of the boroscope into a mathematical model of the body.
GB1114275.9A 2011-08-19 2011-08-19 Determining the position and orientation of a remote end of a boroscope Withdrawn GB2493770A (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
GB1114275.9A GB2493770A (en) 2011-08-19 2011-08-19 Determining the position and orientation of a remote end of a boroscope

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
GB1114275.9A GB2493770A (en) 2011-08-19 2011-08-19 Determining the position and orientation of a remote end of a boroscope

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GB2493770A true GB2493770A (en) 2013-02-20

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Cited By (4)

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EP2775337A3 (en) * 2013-03-09 2014-11-19 Olympus Corporation Photography system and photography method
EP2833186A1 (en) * 2013-07-30 2015-02-04 Olympus Corporation Blade inspection apparatus and blade inspection method
EP2833188A3 (en) * 2013-07-30 2015-04-29 Olympus Corporation Blade inspection apparatus and blade inspection method
WO2015179057A1 (en) * 2014-05-22 2015-11-26 Siemens Energy, Inc. Flexible tether position tracking camera inspection system for visual inspection of off line industrial gas turbines and other power generation machinery

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WO2009097461A1 (en) * 2008-01-29 2009-08-06 Neoguide Systems Inc. Apparatus and methods for automatically controlling an endoscope
US20100113876A1 (en) * 2007-03-13 2010-05-06 Olympus Corporation Endoscope apparatus and endoscope-image recording method

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WO2008076910A1 (en) * 2006-12-15 2008-06-26 The Board Of Trustees Of The Leland Stanford Junior University Image mosaicing systems and methods
US20100113876A1 (en) * 2007-03-13 2010-05-06 Olympus Corporation Endoscope apparatus and endoscope-image recording method
WO2009097461A1 (en) * 2008-01-29 2009-08-06 Neoguide Systems Inc. Apparatus and methods for automatically controlling an endoscope

Cited By (10)

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP2775337A3 (en) * 2013-03-09 2014-11-19 Olympus Corporation Photography system and photography method
US9813674B2 (en) 2013-03-09 2017-11-07 Olympus Corporation Photography system and photography method
EP2833186A1 (en) * 2013-07-30 2015-02-04 Olympus Corporation Blade inspection apparatus and blade inspection method
EP2833188A3 (en) * 2013-07-30 2015-04-29 Olympus Corporation Blade inspection apparatus and blade inspection method
US9316564B2 (en) 2013-07-30 2016-04-19 Olympus Corporation Blade inspection apparatus and blade inspection method
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WO2015179057A1 (en) * 2014-05-22 2015-11-26 Siemens Energy, Inc. Flexible tether position tracking camera inspection system for visual inspection of off line industrial gas turbines and other power generation machinery
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CN106460548A (en) * 2014-05-22 2017-02-22 西门子能源有限公司 Flexible tether position tracking camera inspection system for visual inspection of off line industrial gas turbines and other power generation machinery
US9681107B2 (en) * 2014-05-22 2017-06-13 Siemens Energy, Inc. Flexible tether position tracking camera inspection system for visual inspection of off line industrial gas turbines and other power generation machinery

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