GB2480076A - Method for controlling a directly acting piezoelectric injector of an internal combustion engine - Google Patents
Method for controlling a directly acting piezoelectric injector of an internal combustion engine Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- GB2480076A GB2480076A GB1007487A GB201007487A GB2480076A GB 2480076 A GB2480076 A GB 2480076A GB 1007487 A GB1007487 A GB 1007487A GB 201007487 A GB201007487 A GB 201007487A GB 2480076 A GB2480076 A GB 2480076A
- Authority
- GB
- United Kingdom
- Prior art keywords
- electric parameter
- piezoelectric actuator
- charging
- value
- actual value
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Withdrawn
Links
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 34
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 9
- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 52
- 239000007924 injection Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 52
- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 38
- 238000005070 sampling Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 238000004590 computer program Methods 0.000 claims description 10
- 230000001276 controlling effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000006073 displacement reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000007493 shaping process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000001419 dependent effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008092 positive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007921 spray Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02D—CONTROLLING COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F02D41/00—Electrical control of supply of combustible mixture or its constituents
- F02D41/20—Output circuits, e.g. for controlling currents in command coils
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02D—CONTROLLING COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F02D41/00—Electrical control of supply of combustible mixture or its constituents
- F02D41/20—Output circuits, e.g. for controlling currents in command coils
- F02D41/2096—Output circuits, e.g. for controlling currents in command coils for controlling piezoelectric injectors
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02D—CONTROLLING COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F02D41/00—Electrical control of supply of combustible mixture or its constituents
- F02D41/20—Output circuits, e.g. for controlling currents in command coils
- F02D2041/202—Output circuits, e.g. for controlling currents in command coils characterised by the control of the circuit
- F02D2041/2024—Output circuits, e.g. for controlling currents in command coils characterised by the control of the circuit the control switching a load after time-on and time-off pulses
- F02D2041/2027—Control of the current by pulse width modulation or duty cycle control
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02D—CONTROLLING COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F02D41/00—Electrical control of supply of combustible mixture or its constituents
- F02D41/20—Output circuits, e.g. for controlling currents in command coils
- F02D2041/202—Output circuits, e.g. for controlling currents in command coils characterised by the control of the circuit
- F02D2041/2058—Output circuits, e.g. for controlling currents in command coils characterised by the control of the circuit using information of the actual current value
- F02D2041/2062—Output circuits, e.g. for controlling currents in command coils characterised by the control of the circuit using information of the actual current value the current value is determined by simulation or estimation
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Fuel-Injection Apparatus (AREA)
- Electrical Control Of Air Or Fuel Supplied To Internal-Combustion Engine (AREA)
Abstract
Disclosed is a method for controlling a directly acting piezoelectric injector 1 of an internal combustion engine 100. The injector comprises an injection needle 2 directly operated by means of a piezoelectric actuator 3 controlled according to a predetermined charging current profile. The method comprises the following steps: calculating a fuel injection energizing time as a function of a fuel quantity as specified by the engine; determining a nominal value of an electric parameter indicative of a charge to be stored in the piezoelectric actuator in order to obtain the calculated energizing time; sampling, during at least a time interval of a fuel injection, an actual value of the electric parameter; determining the difference between the nominal value and the actual value of the electric parameter and generating a correction index on the basis of said difference to be applied, during a next fuel injection, to the charging current profile. The method ensures that the piezo is actuated for the correct amount of time over all engine operating conditions.
Description
A METHOD FOR CONTROLLING A DIRECTLY ACTING PIEZOELECTRIC
INJECTOR
TECHNICAL FIELD
The present invention relates to a method for controlling a directly acting piezoelectric injector of an internal combustion engine, especially during small quantity fuel injections.
BACKGROUND
In multi-jet diesel engine a plurality of fuel injections are sprayed, during each cycle into each cylinder, according a predetermined pattern.
The fuel injections are performed, for each cylinder, by means of at least a fuel injector comprising an injection needle allowing the injection of fuel from a distribution pipe, known as rail, into the cylinder.
The movement of the injection needle can be operated by means of a piezoelectric actuator comprising a stack of piezoelectric elements, whose displacement is proportional to the charge transferred to the piezoelectric elements according to a current profile. According to the prior art, the movement of the needle can be actuated directly by the piezoelectric actuator, as in the case of piezoelectric direct acting injectors, or via an electro-hydraulic circuit, as in the case of indirect acting piezoelectric injectors.
The use of piezoelectric direct acting injectors enables the injector to spray fuel into the cylinder not only in an on/off configuration, as in the case of indirect acting piezoelectric injectors, but also through partial needle openings. Hence the use of direct acting piezoelectric injectors advantageously allows a more fuel injection shaping flexibility, whereby the fuel injection shaping refers to the shape of the curve resulting from plotting the fuel injection rate versus the energizing time.
One side effect of this technology is that the displacement of the piezoelectric actuator requires the use of long charging time in order not to damage the actuator itself, especially at high rail pressure. A long charging time does not have any unfavourable effect in case of big quantity fuel injections (e.g. main injection), because the injection time is higher than the charging time and the injector needle is completely open guaranteeing the injection of the full fuel quantity.
Instead, in case of small injections (e.g. pilot injections), the injection time may be lower than the charging time and so the charging phase is interrupted before reaching the complete opening of the injector. As a consequence the quantity of fuel injected in the cylinder does not correspond to the requested one.
In order to control small fuel quantities injections a known calibration procedure provides to regulate a longer energizing time (ET) to guarantee the injection in the cylinder of the requested small fuel quantity, by reaching a higher energy value transferred.
A drawback of this calibration procedure is due to the fact that it leads to a shift of the angular position of the next injections with consequences on polluting emissions and engine noises. This is particular relevant in multi-jet diesel combustion engine where multiple small fuel quantity injection are required.
A first object of the invention is to provide a method to control a direct acting piezoelectric injectors which does not suffer of the above mentioned drawbacks.
A second object of the invention is to provide a method to control a small fuel quantity injection in direct acting piezoelectric injectors.
Another object of the present invention is to meet these goals by means of a rational and inexpensive solution.
DISCLOSURE
These and/or other objects are attained by the characteristics of the embodiments of the invention as reported in independent claims. The dependent claims recite preferred and/or especially advantageous features of the embodiments of the invention.
An embodiment of the invention provides a method for controlling a directly acting piezoelectric injector of a combustion engine, wherein the injector comprises an injection needle directly operated by means of a piezoelectric actuator controlled according to a predetermined charging current profile; the method comprises the following steps: -calculating a fuel injection energizing time as a function of a fuel quantity as specified by the engine, -determining a nominal value of an electric parameter indicative of a charge to be stored in the piezoelectric actuator in order to obtain the calculated energizing time, -sampling, during at least a time interval of the fuel injection, an actual value of the electric parameter, -determining the difference between the nominal value and the actual value of the electric parameter, -generating a correction index on the basis of said difference to be applied, during a next fuel injection, to the charging current profile.
According to an aspect of this embodiment of the invention the correction index is a correction value which is multiplied for the current charging profile.
The electric parameter value, indicative of the charge to be transferred to the piezoelectric actuator, and the electric parameter value, indicative of the charge stored in the piezoelectric actuator, can be alternatively a charge, or a voltage or an energy.
From the above disclosure the advantages of the invention are evident because the method according to this embodiment of the invention does not act, as in the case of the prior art calibration procedure, by regulating a longer energizing time so to guarantee the injection of the requested small fuel quantity, but, on the contrary it acts by regulating the charging current profile so to guarantee a stable and robust small injected fuel quantity. In this way the full injection duration is not affected by the rail pressure and the angular distance between the start of two consecutives injections can be reduced with positive effects on calibration flexibility for polluting emissions and engine noises.
The method according to the disclosed embodiment of the invention can be carried out by means of a control circuit for a directly acting piezoelectric injector provided with an injection needle operated by a piezoelectric actuator.
The control circuit comprises a charging circuit for applying to the piezoelectric actuator a charging current profile, a charging setpoint module for calculating a nominal value of an electric parameter indicative of the charge to be stored in the piezoelectric actuator, a sampler circuit, connected to the piezoelectric actuator for sampling, during a fuel injection event, an actual value of the electric parameter, said charging setpoint module and said sampler circuit being connected to an adder for calculating the difference between the nominal and the actual value of the electric parameter, the adder being connected to a controller for calculating, as a function of the difference, a correction index to be applied to the charging current profile during a next injection event.
The method according to the above disclosed embodiment of the invention can be carried out with the help of a computer program comprising a program-code to carry out all the steps of the method and in the form of a computer program product comprising means for executing the computer program.
The computer program product comprises, according to a preferred embodiment of the invention, a control apparatus for an IC engine, for example the ECU of the engine, in which the program is stored so that the control apparatus defines the invention in the same way as the method. In this case, when the control apparatus execute the computer program all the steps of the method are carried out.
The method can also be embodied as an electromagnetic signal, said signal being modulated to carry a sequence of data bits which represent a computer program to carry out all steps of the method.
BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
The present invention will now be described, by way of example, with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which: Figure 1 is a schematic illustration of an internal combustion engine controlled according to the method of the invention; Figure 2 is a schematic illustration of a flow chart of a circuit allowing the method according to the invention; Figure 3 is a schematic illustration showing the variation of the energy during a small quantity injection both
according to the invention and to the prior art.
DETAILED DESCRIPTION
Figure 2 shows a piezoelectric injector 1 for metering fuel into the cylinders of an internal combustion engine 100 (Fig.l) . The piezoelectric injector 1 comprises a needle 2 directly operated by a piezoelectric actuator 3 which is electrically connected to a control circuit 4.
The control circuit 4 comprises a charging circuit 5 which is able to apply to the piezoelectric actuator 3 a charging current profile.
The control circuit 4 comprises also an energizing time calculator circuit 6 which provides to calculate the energizing time to be applied to the piezoelectric actuator 3, in order to guarantee that a predetermined small fuel quantity is injected in a cylinder of the engine. For a piezoelectric actuator the energizing time is the time between the start of the charging phase and the start of the discharging phase, as illustrated in Fig.3.
Once the requested energizing time has been calculated by the circuit 6, a nominal value of an electric parameter indicative of the charge to be transferred to the electric actuator is determined in a charging setpoint module 7. The charging setpoint module 7 is a circuit which calculates the nominal value of the electric parameter as a function of the calculated energizing time. Alternatively, the setpoint module 7 can comprise a map correlating different energizing times and corresponding nominal values indicative of the charge to be transferred to the piezoelectric actuator in order to guarantee the injection of a predetermined quantity of fuel.
In other words the charge setpoint module 7 determines a nominal value of an electric parameter indicative of values of the charge, to be transferred to the piezoelectric actuator, which guarantee the opening, of the injection needle for all the injection duration.
As electric parameter indicative of the charged to be transferred to the piezoelectric actuator can be alternatively chosen the charge value or the voltage across the piezoelectric actuator or the energy stored in the piezoelectric actuator.
A sampler circuit 8 is connected to the piezoelectric injector with the function of sampling, during a fuel injection event, an electric parameter indicative of the actual charge stored in the piezoelectric actuator. The sampling of said parameter indicative of the actual charge values stored in the piezoelectric actuator is performed during at least one specific time interval after the start of the injection event.
As electric parameter indicative of the charged stored in the piezoelectric actuator can be chosen alternatively the charge value or the voltage across the piezoelectric actuator or the energy stored in the piezoelectric actuator.
The sampled values of the electric parameter, indicative of the charge stored in the piezoelectric actuator, are sent to an adder 9 with which is also connected the charge setpoint module 7. The adder 9 calculates the difference between the nominal value of the electric parameter determined by the charge setpoint module 7 and the actual sampled value of the electric parameter.
The difference is supplied to a controller 10, for instance a P1 controller which, in function of the above named difference, generates a correction index, which is used as output signal of the controller 10, to regulate the applied charging current profile in a next injection.
According to the present disclosed embodiment of the invention the correction of the charge current profile is performed by means of a multiplier 11 which multiplies the correction index for the charging current profile and supplies the corrected charging current profile to the piezoelectric actuator 3 of the injector 1.
Fig.2 shows the variation of energy in the piezoelectric actuator during a small quantity fuel injection both in the case of using the control method herein described, in continuous line, and in the case of using a calibration procedure according to the prior art, in dotted line. It can be appreciated that, using the method of the invention, the value of energy transferred is higher in a shorter time. As a consequence, considering the same dwell hydraulic time, next start of injection can be performed at a shorter angular position guaranteeing, at the same time, the injection of the full small fuel quantity.
While at least one exemplary embodiment has been presented in the foregoing summary and detailed description, it should be appreciated that a vast number of variations exist. It should also be appreciated that the exemplary embodiment or exemplary embodiments are only examples, and are not intended to limit the scope, applicability, or configuration in any way. Rather, the forgoing summary and detailed description will provide those skilled in the art with a convenient road map for implementing at least one exemplary embodiment, it being understood that various changes may be made in the function and arrangement of elements described in an exemplary embodiment without departing from the scope as set forth in the appended claims and in their legal equivalents.
REFERENCE NUMBERS: 1) piezoelectric injector 2) needle 3) piezoelectric actuator 4) control circuit 5) charging circuit 6) calculator circuit 7) setpoint module 8) sampler circuit 9) adder 10) controller 11) multiplier 100) combustion engine
Claims (10)
- CLAIMS1. A method for controlling a directly acting piezoelectric injector (1) of an internal combustion engine (100), wherein the injector comprises an injection needle (2) directly operated by means of a piezoelectric actuator (3) controlled according to a predetermined charging current profile, the method comprising the following steps: -calculating a fuel injection energizing time as a function of a fuel quantity as specified by the engine, -determining a nominal value of an electric parameter indicative of a charge to be stored in the piezoelectric actuator in order to obtain the calculated energizing time, -sampling, during at least a time interval of a fuel injection, an actual value of the electric parameter, -determining the difference between the nominal value and the actual value of the electric parameter, -generating a correction index on the basis of said difference to be applied, during a next fuel injection, to the charging current profile.
- 2. Method according to claim 1, wherein the correction index is a correction value which is multiplied by the current charging profile.
- 3. Method according to claim 1, wherein the nominal value of the electric parameter is a voltage.
- 4. Method according to claim 1, wherein the nominal value of the electric parameter is an energy.
- 5. Method according to claim 1 and 3, wherein the actual value of the electric parameter is a voltage.
- 6. Method according to claim 1 and 4, wherein the actual value of the electric parameter is an energy.
- 7. Computer program comprising a computer-code for carrying out a method according any of the claims 1-6.
- 8. Computer program product comprising a computer program according to claim 7.
- 9. An electromagnetic signal modulated as a carrier for a sequence of data bits representing the computer program according to claim 7.
- 10. A control circuit (4) for a directly acting piezoelectric injector (1) provided with an injection needle (2) operated by a piezoelectric actuator (3), the control circuit (4) comprising a charging circuit (5) for applying to the piezoelectric actuator (3) a charging current profile, a charging setpoint module (7) for calculating a nominal value of an electric parameter indicative of the charge to be stored in the piezoelectric actuator (3), a sampler circuit (8), connected to the piezoelectric actuator (3) for sampling, during a fuel injection event, an actual value of the electric parameter, said charging setpoint module (7) and said sampler circuit (8) being connected to an adder (9) for calculating the difference between the nominal and the actual value of the electric parameter, the adder (9) being connected to a controller (10) for calculating, as a function of the difference, a correction index to be applied to the charging current profile during a next injection event.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| GB1007487A GB2480076A (en) | 2010-05-05 | 2010-05-05 | Method for controlling a directly acting piezoelectric injector of an internal combustion engine |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| GB1007487A GB2480076A (en) | 2010-05-05 | 2010-05-05 | Method for controlling a directly acting piezoelectric injector of an internal combustion engine |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| GB201007487D0 GB201007487D0 (en) | 2010-06-16 |
| GB2480076A true GB2480076A (en) | 2011-11-09 |
Family
ID=42290085
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| GB1007487A Withdrawn GB2480076A (en) | 2010-05-05 | 2010-05-05 | Method for controlling a directly acting piezoelectric injector of an internal combustion engine |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| GB (1) | GB2480076A (en) |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| WO2017216041A1 (en) * | 2016-06-13 | 2017-12-21 | Continental Automotive Gmbh | Method and device for determining energization data for an actuator of an injection valve of a motor vehicle |
Citations (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE102004002311A1 (en) * | 2004-01-16 | 2005-08-18 | Robert Bosch Gmbh | Controlling injector(s) with piezoelectric actuator for injecting fuel under pressure into engine combustion chamber involves deriving control period and/or control angle correction from injector-specific charging time, fuel pressure |
| EP1905993A2 (en) * | 2006-09-27 | 2008-04-02 | Denso Corporation | Apparatus and system for driving fuel injectors with piezoelectric elements |
| EP1923559A1 (en) * | 2006-11-14 | 2008-05-21 | Delphi Technologies, Inc. | A method of controlling a piezoelectric actuator |
| DE102007057141A1 (en) * | 2007-11-28 | 2009-06-04 | Robert Bosch Gmbh | Fuel injecting valve's piezoelectric actuator operating method for internal-combustion engine of motor vehicle, involves determining electrical capacity of actuator based on reloading time or current and/or voltage range during reloading |
| DE102007058540A1 (en) * | 2007-12-06 | 2009-06-10 | Robert Bosch Gmbh | Method for charging and discharging piezoelectric element, involves adjusting charging current for charging piezoelectric element and discharge current for discharging piezoelectric element |
| DE102008031906A1 (en) * | 2008-07-08 | 2010-02-04 | Ifm Electronic Gmbh | Control device e.g. actuator, operating method, involves measuring current using current measuring resistor, and determining actual current based on measured current, detected supply voltage and pulse/pause ratio of pulse width modulation |
-
2010
- 2010-05-05 GB GB1007487A patent/GB2480076A/en not_active Withdrawn
Patent Citations (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE102004002311A1 (en) * | 2004-01-16 | 2005-08-18 | Robert Bosch Gmbh | Controlling injector(s) with piezoelectric actuator for injecting fuel under pressure into engine combustion chamber involves deriving control period and/or control angle correction from injector-specific charging time, fuel pressure |
| EP1905993A2 (en) * | 2006-09-27 | 2008-04-02 | Denso Corporation | Apparatus and system for driving fuel injectors with piezoelectric elements |
| EP1923559A1 (en) * | 2006-11-14 | 2008-05-21 | Delphi Technologies, Inc. | A method of controlling a piezoelectric actuator |
| DE102007057141A1 (en) * | 2007-11-28 | 2009-06-04 | Robert Bosch Gmbh | Fuel injecting valve's piezoelectric actuator operating method for internal-combustion engine of motor vehicle, involves determining electrical capacity of actuator based on reloading time or current and/or voltage range during reloading |
| DE102007058540A1 (en) * | 2007-12-06 | 2009-06-10 | Robert Bosch Gmbh | Method for charging and discharging piezoelectric element, involves adjusting charging current for charging piezoelectric element and discharge current for discharging piezoelectric element |
| DE102008031906A1 (en) * | 2008-07-08 | 2010-02-04 | Ifm Electronic Gmbh | Control device e.g. actuator, operating method, involves measuring current using current measuring resistor, and determining actual current based on measured current, detected supply voltage and pulse/pause ratio of pulse width modulation |
Cited By (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| WO2017216041A1 (en) * | 2016-06-13 | 2017-12-21 | Continental Automotive Gmbh | Method and device for determining energization data for an actuator of an injection valve of a motor vehicle |
| KR20190005987A (en) * | 2016-06-13 | 2019-01-16 | 콘티넨탈 오토모티브 게엠베하 | Method and device for determining energization data for an actuator of an injection valve of an automobile |
| CN109312681A (en) * | 2016-06-13 | 2019-02-05 | 大陆汽车有限公司 | The method and apparatus for determining the energy supply data of the actuator of the injection valve of motor vehicles |
| KR102110702B1 (en) | 2016-06-13 | 2020-05-13 | 콘티넨탈 오토모티브 게엠베하 | Method and device for determining energization data for an actuator of an automobile injection valve |
| US10989131B2 (en) | 2016-06-13 | 2021-04-27 | Vitesco Technologies GmbH | Method and device for determining energization data for an actuator of an injection valve of a motor vehicle |
| CN109312681B (en) * | 2016-06-13 | 2022-04-05 | 大陆汽车有限公司 | Method and device for determining energy supply data for an actuator of an injection valve of a motor vehicle |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| GB201007487D0 (en) | 2010-06-16 |
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Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| WAP | Application withdrawn, taken to be withdrawn or refused ** after publication under section 16(1) |