GB2457713A - Ventilation unit having a standby fan - Google Patents
Ventilation unit having a standby fan Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- GB2457713A GB2457713A GB0803269A GB0803269A GB2457713A GB 2457713 A GB2457713 A GB 2457713A GB 0803269 A GB0803269 A GB 0803269A GB 0803269 A GB0803269 A GB 0803269A GB 2457713 A GB2457713 A GB 2457713A
- Authority
- GB
- United Kingdom
- Prior art keywords
- fan
- extract
- air
- supply
- fluid
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
- 238000009423 ventilation Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 33
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 claims description 34
- 230000004913 activation Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000012544 monitoring process Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000011084 recovery Methods 0.000 abstract description 3
- 230000000903 blocking effect Effects 0.000 description 11
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000000356 contaminant Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000007257 malfunction Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000004411 aluminium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000001419 dependent effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000005484 gravity Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000005802 health problem Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012423 maintenance Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001681 protective effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
- F24F—AIR-CONDITIONING; AIR-HUMIDIFICATION; VENTILATION; USE OF AIR CURRENTS FOR SCREENING
- F24F12/00—Use of energy recovery systems in air conditioning, ventilation or screening
- F24F12/001—Use of energy recovery systems in air conditioning, ventilation or screening with heat-exchange between supplied and exhausted air
- F24F12/006—Use of energy recovery systems in air conditioning, ventilation or screening with heat-exchange between supplied and exhausted air using an air-to-air heat exchanger
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
- F04D—NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT PUMPS
- F04D25/00—Pumping installations or systems
- F04D25/16—Combinations of two or more pumps ; Producing two or more separate gas flows
- F04D25/166—Combinations of two or more pumps ; Producing two or more separate gas flows using fans
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
- F24F—AIR-CONDITIONING; AIR-HUMIDIFICATION; VENTILATION; USE OF AIR CURRENTS FOR SCREENING
- F24F7/00—Ventilation
- F24F7/007—Ventilation with forced flow
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
- F24F—AIR-CONDITIONING; AIR-HUMIDIFICATION; VENTILATION; USE OF AIR CURRENTS FOR SCREENING
- F24F11/00—Control or safety arrangements
- F24F11/30—Control or safety arrangements for purposes related to the operation of the system, e.g. for safety or monitoring
- F24F11/32—Responding to malfunctions or emergencies
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
- F24F—AIR-CONDITIONING; AIR-HUMIDIFICATION; VENTILATION; USE OF AIR CURRENTS FOR SCREENING
- F24F11/00—Control or safety arrangements
- F24F11/50—Control or safety arrangements characterised by user interfaces or communication
- F24F11/52—Indication arrangements, e.g. displays
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
- F24F—AIR-CONDITIONING; AIR-HUMIDIFICATION; VENTILATION; USE OF AIR CURRENTS FOR SCREENING
- F24F13/00—Details common to, or for air-conditioning, air-humidification, ventilation or use of air currents for screening
- F24F13/08—Air-flow control members, e.g. louvres, grilles, flaps or guide plates
- F24F13/10—Air-flow control members, e.g. louvres, grilles, flaps or guide plates movable, e.g. dampers
- F24F13/14—Air-flow control members, e.g. louvres, grilles, flaps or guide plates movable, e.g. dampers built up of tilting members, e.g. louvre
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02B—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO BUILDINGS, e.g. HOUSING, HOUSE APPLIANCES OR RELATED END-USER APPLICATIONS
- Y02B30/00—Energy efficient heating, ventilation or air conditioning [HVAC]
- Y02B30/56—Heat recovery units
Abstract
A ventilation unit comprises a supply fan 14 communicating a air through the unit via an air inlet path 7, an extract fan 15 communicating air through the unit via an air outlet flow path 8, a standby fan 16 configured to operate as the supply fan 14 or extract fan 15 when operation of either the supply fan 14 or extract fan 15 has failed. The standby fan 16 may be positioned centrally between the air inlet 7 and outlet 8 paths. Dampers 13 may be provided so that supply or extract air may bypass either the failed supply 14 or extract fan 15. External bent plates 6 forming flaps may be adjusted via a control system 19 to selectively partially block an air supply inlet 2 or air extract outlet 4 so that the air bypasses the failed fan 14, 15 and passes through the standby fan 16. In normal operation the air flow bypasses the standby fan 16. The supply and extract air may pass through a heat exchanger 9 for heat recovery.
Description
Ventilation Unit This invention relates generally to a ventilation unit, and more particularly, to a ventilation unit incorporating a heat exchanger for heat recovery and having a supply fan and an extract fan for drawing air into andlor expelling air from the unit.
Buildings are becoming increasingly air tight as building efficiency continues to be improved to minimise the uncontrolled infiltrationlexfiltration of air via the building envelope. As a result it has become increasingly important to ventilate buildings to remove C02, odours and other air contaminants, and ventilation systems for this purpose are therefore becoming widespread.
It is highly desirable to make such ventilation systems as energy efficient as possible.
Accordingly, ventilation systems have been developed that include an element of heat * *. recovery. One known ventilation unit comprises an outer housing having a fluid inlet :: flow path that flows in a counter-flow arrangement with a fluid outlet flow path and S.. includes a heat exchanger and fans. A supply fan propels the supply air into the unit via a * .5 supply air inlet and the air is directed through the heat exchanger and out of the :. ventilation unit through the supply air outlet. Extract air passes through an extract air inlet and passes through the heat exchanger and is propelled out of the unit through the :. : :* extract air outlet by the extract fan. As the supply air and extract air pass inside the heat * . exchanger, the extract air gives up its heat to the supply air in order to increase the temperature of the cool supply air before it is distributed around a dwelling or other building type.
Fan failure may lead to serious health problems and safety implications for a person as a result of the build up of air contaminants within the building. Additionally, fan failure could cause incorrect pressure distributions within the building, causing airuiows of incorrect magnitude and directions.
Ventilation systems have been proposed whereby a standby fan is provided in respect of each of the supply and extract fans, with a control system that effects automatic changeover and maintenance of full duty in the event of main duty fan failure. Thus, such systems provide an extra standby fan per main duty fan, which may be arranged in series or parallel with the main duty fan.
Disadvantages with such systems are that the inclusion of one standby fan per main duty fan element increases the physical size of the ventilation unit and the additional components increase the overall cost of the unit. The width of the ventilation unit may be minimised by arranging the standby fans in series with the respective main duty fans, however this is at the expense of a reduction of energy efficiency, as extra energy is required to drag the air through the broken fan.
It is therefore an object of the present invention to provide an improved ventilation unit which alleviates the above-mentioned problems and still provides sufficient back-up in case of a supply or extract fan failure. S..
*: In accordance with the present invention, there is provided a ventilation unit having a : fluid inlet flow path and a fluid outlet flow path, said ventilation unit comprising a supply L:: fan for propelling fluid into said unit via said fluid inlet flow path and an extract fan for *. : propelling fluid out of said unit via said fluid outlet flow path, the ventilation unit further * S comprising a standby fan configured to operate as a supply fan and an extract fan upon receipt of a control signal, means for monitoring operation of said supply and extract fans, and control means for generating a control signal in the event of failure of either said supply fan or said extract fan, said control signal being for causing said standby fan to operate as the failed fan.
Preferably a ventilation unit, as described above, wherein a supply fan is positioned in the fluid inlet flow path, the extract fan is positioned in the fluid outlet flow path and a standby fan is positioned generally centrally between the fluid inlet and outlet flow paths.
In one exemplary embodiment, dampers are provided to define alternative fluid inlet and outlet flow paths through said unit upon activation, such that the fluid bypasses the failed fan and passes through a standby fan.
In an alternative embodiment the fluid inlet and/or outlet flow paths may be altered by external means to selectively partially block/leave open the fluid inlet/outlet, such that the fluid bypasses the failed fan and passes through a standby fan.
Beneficially, the fluid inlet andlor outlet flow paths by-pass the standby fan during normal operation.
In a preferred embodiment, the fluid inlet and/or outlet flow paths pass through a heat exchanger. * I. * S S * *.
The invention extends to a ventilation system comprising at least one ventilation unit as **** defined above. *S S * * S * .5
* These and other aspects of the invention will be apparent from and elucidated with reference to, the embodiment described herein.
* An embodiment of the present invention will now be described by way of example only and with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which: Figure 1 is a schematic cross sectional plan view of a ventilation unit according to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention; and Figure 2 is a schematic cross sectional plan view of the ventilation unit of Figure 1, illustrating operation of the standby fan in the event of supply fan failure.
Referring to Figure 1 of the drawings, a ventilation unit according to an exemplary embodiment of the invention comprises a housing 1 of generally rectangular cross section having a supply air inlet 2 at a first end and an extract air inlet 3 substantially opposite the supply air inlet at a second end. Adjacent to the supply air inlet 2 on the first end is an extract air outlet 4 and adjacent to the extract air inlet 3 on the second end is a supply air outlet 5, whereby the extract air inlet is positioned substantially opposite to the supply air outlet.
The housing is typically formed of sheet metal, for example aluminium, and has external blocking members 6 configured to selectively partially block the supply air inlet 2 and the extract air outlet 4. The blocking members are formed of a rigid rectangular plate bent on an axis parallel to the shorter edges of the rectangular plate, into two flaps.
The blocking members are rotatably mounted to the outer edge of the first end of the housing such that part of the supply air inlet/extract air outlet may be left open and part of the supply air inlet/extract air outlet may be blocked. This may be achieved by fixing an annular collar to the apex of the blocking member and pinning the blocking member in * : place, alternatively the apex may be fixed to an axle that is secured at the top and bottom of the supply air inlet/extract air outlet. * S.
The supply air flow path 7 is defined as the path taken by the supply air between the * supply air inlet 2 and the supply air outlet 5, and the extract air flow path 8 is defined as the path taken by the extract air between the extract air inlet 3 and the extract air outlet 4.
Both air flow paths pass through a heat exchanger 9 that is arranged inside the housing.
The air flow paths 7, 8 are separated by a dividing wall 10, which may be metal, positioned between the heat exchanger 9 and the second end of the housing. Further dividing walls (11, 12), are configured between the third side of the housing and the heat exchanger and the fourth side of the housing and the heat exchanger 9. Dampers 13 are used to define the air flow path between the heat exchanger and the first side of the housing, as will be discussed in more detail later.
A supply fan unit 14 is mounted within, and close to the first end of, the housing and is positioned in the supply air flow path 7. An extract fan unit 15 is mounted substantially parallel to the supply fan and is positioned close to the first end of the housing in the path of the extract air 8. A standby fan unit 16 is positioned at a distance from the first side of the housing that is greater than the substantially parallel fan arrangement. The standby fan unit 16 is located generally between the two air flow paths 7, 8 within the unit and has an air inlet 17 at its base. A standby flap 18 is configured to control the flow of air through the air inlet 17 of the standby fan unit 16 and therefore prevents the movement of the air into the fan while in a standby state.
Each fan unit comprises a single fan in a protective casing or shroud, although it will be appreciated that each of the fan units may comprise multiple fans in series or parallel.
The supply fan and the extract fan are preferably a scroll type fan whereas the standby *:** fan is preferably a balanced curve type fan by means of which air is dispersed radially. * * ****
When the supply inlet is in a closed state, one edge of a first flap of the supply blocking **.: member lies parallel and flush to the outer edge of the first side of the housing and covers the part of the supply air inlet that passes air to the supply fan. The supply air inlet is unobstructed adjacent to the fan and as a result allows supply air to flow into the unit. In the supply inlet closed state described above, the supply air flow path bypasses the supply fan.
When the extract outlet is in a closed state one edge of a second flap of the extract blocking member lies parallel and flush to the first side of the housing and covers the extract air outlet that in normal operation would expel the air from the system after being passed through the extract fan. The extract air is free to pass through the part of the extract air outlet adjacent to the extract fan in order to allow extract air to flow out of the unit. In the extract outlet closed state described above, the extract air flow path bypasses the extract fan.
L
The blocking members 6 aie operated by a control system 19 and could be held in position by a ratchet and spring. Alternatively, a magnetic method of actuating and locking the blocking member could be implemented.
Dampers 13 are configured around the standby fan 16, inside the housing, in order to ensure separation of the supply and extract air-flow paths in the space defined between the heat exchanger, the first side of the housing and the dividing walls 11,12 between the third and forth sides and the heat exchanger. A motor arrangement 20 controlled by the control system 19 is provided to configure the dampers 13 within the unit to allow the standby fan 16 to take over the duty of the failed fan (14 or 15). The dampers may be in the form of hinged metal plates as shown, but alternatives may be used, for example motorized grills. Any suitable motor arrangement may be used to reconfigure the dampers, for example linear rotary motors, or the damper operating mechanism may be fan pressure operated with gravity or spring closures. * ** * . S * ..
In the case of extract fan 15 failure displayed in Figure 1 the extract air enters the housing through the extract air inlet and is directed through the heat exchanger 9, whereby the * .*.: extract air flow path 7 passes near to, but does not mix with, the supply airflow path 8, transferring energy to the supply air in the process. The control system switches the L: extract blocking member 6a to the extract air outlet closed state and activates the standby *. : fan 16 whereby the standby flap 18 is set to the open state, allowing for the flow of * extract air through the air inlet 17 of the standby fan 13. The extract air is dispersed radially and is guided by the dampers 13 towards the extract air outlet 4 whereby it passes the unobstructed part and is expelled from the housing.
In the case of supply fan 14 failure displayed in Figure 2 the control system switches the supply blocking member 6b to the supply air inlet closed state, permitting the flow of air into the unit, such that it bypasses the failed supply fan 14. In addition to this, the control system activates the standby fan 16 and switches the standby flap 18 to the open state, allowing the flow of supply air through the air inlet 17 of the standby fan, whereby it is dispersed radially and guided by the dampers 13 towards the heat exchanger 9. As the supply air passes through the heat exchanger 9 it is heated-up and continues flowing via the supply air flow path until it passes through the supply outlet 5.
The control system 19 is arranged to monitor for malfunction of the duty extract of supply fan and if a malfunction is detected, to close the duty fan (14 or 15) down and to activate the standby fan 16 to act as the new duty fan.
Advantages include the fact that the air flow path is not channelled through the fan that is idle. Instead, as illustrated in Figure 1 and Figure 2, the air flow path bypasses the failed fan and the standby fan performs the function of the idle fan, changing the air flow path in order to achieve this result.
It should be noted that the above-mentioned embodiments illustrate rather than limit the invention, and that those skilled in the art will be capable of designing many alternative * embodiments without departing from the scope of the invention as defined by the *::::* appended claims. In the claims, any reference signs placed in parentheses shall not be construed as limiting the claims. The word "comprising" and "comprises", and the like, *. * does not exclude the presence of elements or steps other than those listed in any claim or * the specification as a whole. The singular reference of an element does not exclude the plural reference of such elements and vice-versa. In a device claim enumerating several *:*. means, several of these means may be embodied by one and the same item of hardware.
The mere fact that certain measures are recited in mutually different dependent claims does not indicate that a combination of these measures cannot be used to advantage.
Claims (7)
- Claims: 1. A ventilation unit having a fluid inlet flow path and a fluid outlet flow path, said ventilation unit comprising a supply fan for propelling fluid into said unit via said fluid inlet flow path and an extract fan for propelling fluid out of said unit via said fluid outlet flow path, the ventilation unit further comprising a standby fan configured to operate as a supply fan and an extract fan upon receipt of a control signal, means for monitoring operation of said supply and extract fans, and control means for generating a control signal in the event of failure of either said supply fan or said extract fan, said control signal being for causing said standby fan to operate as the failed fan.
- 2. A ventilation unit according to claim I, wherein a supply fan is positioned in the fluid inlet flow path, the extract fan is positioned in the fluid outlet flow path and *:::* a standby fan is positioned generally centrally between the fluid inlet and outlet *::::* flow paths.*..:
- 3. A ventilation unit according to claim 1, wherein dampers are provided to define alternative fluid inlet and outlet flow paths through said unit upon activation, such that the fluid bypasses the failed fan and passes through the standby fan.*
- 4. A ventilation unit according to claim 1, wherein the fluid flow may be altered by external means to selectively partially block the fluid inletJoutlet, such that the fluid bypasses the failed fan and passes through the standby fan.
- 5. A ventilation unit according to claim I, wherein the fluid inlet and/or outlet flow paths by-pass the standby fan during normal operation.
- 6. A ventilation unit according to claim 1, wherein said fluid inlet and outlet flow paths pass through a heat exchanger.
- 7. A ventilation system comprising at least one ventilation unit according to claim 1. * ** * * * * ** * a ** * * * * * I* **4 * * ** * * * *.a S ** * * * * * **
Priority Applications (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| GB0803269.0A GB2457713B (en) | 2008-02-22 | 2008-02-22 | Ventilation unit |
| EP09250469.5A EP2093507B1 (en) | 2008-02-22 | 2009-02-23 | Ventilation unit |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| GB0803269.0A GB2457713B (en) | 2008-02-22 | 2008-02-22 | Ventilation unit |
Publications (3)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| GB0803269D0 GB0803269D0 (en) | 2008-04-02 |
| GB2457713A true GB2457713A (en) | 2009-08-26 |
| GB2457713B GB2457713B (en) | 2012-08-08 |
Family
ID=39284397
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| GB0803269.0A Active GB2457713B (en) | 2008-02-22 | 2008-02-22 | Ventilation unit |
Country Status (2)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| EP (1) | EP2093507B1 (en) |
| GB (1) | GB2457713B (en) |
Families Citing this family (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP5668766B2 (en) * | 2013-02-07 | 2015-02-12 | ダイキン工業株式会社 | Ventilation equipment |
| CN106123193B (en) * | 2016-07-19 | 2019-03-12 | 东南大学 | A kind of PM2.5And CO2The Intelligent fresh air ventilator and fresh air processing method of joint control |
Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE4343611A1 (en) * | 1992-12-16 | 1994-06-23 | Hansa Ventilatoren Masch | Air-conditioning equipment with main and standby fan controls |
| GB2353569A (en) * | 1999-10-02 | 2001-02-28 | Peter John Bayram | Flap controlling parallel fan outlets |
| GB2403511A (en) * | 2003-06-11 | 2005-01-05 | Peter John Bayram | Twin fan arrangement with changeover flap |
Family Cites Families (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE9400184U1 (en) * | 1994-01-10 | 1994-03-03 | Dillinger Stahlbau | Air conditioning unit with redundant fan |
| JP3744409B2 (en) * | 2001-11-14 | 2006-02-08 | ダイキン工業株式会社 | Heat exchanger unit |
-
2008
- 2008-02-22 GB GB0803269.0A patent/GB2457713B/en active Active
-
2009
- 2009-02-23 EP EP09250469.5A patent/EP2093507B1/en active Active
Patent Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE4343611A1 (en) * | 1992-12-16 | 1994-06-23 | Hansa Ventilatoren Masch | Air-conditioning equipment with main and standby fan controls |
| GB2353569A (en) * | 1999-10-02 | 2001-02-28 | Peter John Bayram | Flap controlling parallel fan outlets |
| GB2403511A (en) * | 2003-06-11 | 2005-01-05 | Peter John Bayram | Twin fan arrangement with changeover flap |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| EP2093507A1 (en) | 2009-08-26 |
| GB0803269D0 (en) | 2008-04-02 |
| GB2457713B (en) | 2012-08-08 |
| EP2093507B1 (en) | 2017-11-29 |
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Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| 732E | Amendments to the register in respect of changes of name or changes affecting rights (sect. 32/1977) |
Free format text: REGISTERED BETWEEN 20230817 AND 20230823 |