GB2457495A - RF electromagnetic heating a dielectric fluid - Google Patents
RF electromagnetic heating a dielectric fluid Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- GB2457495A GB2457495A GB0802846A GB0802846A GB2457495A GB 2457495 A GB2457495 A GB 2457495A GB 0802846 A GB0802846 A GB 0802846A GB 0802846 A GB0802846 A GB 0802846A GB 2457495 A GB2457495 A GB 2457495A
- Authority
- GB
- United Kingdom
- Prior art keywords
- dielectric
- fluid
- resonant cavity
- dielectric fluid
- dielectric chamber
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Withdrawn
Links
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 44
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 title claims description 8
- 230000001678 irradiating effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 26
- 230000005670 electromagnetic radiation Effects 0.000 claims description 18
- 239000000839 emulsion Substances 0.000 claims description 17
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 16
- 239000006185 dispersion Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000012216 screening Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 230000005855 radiation Effects 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000003921 oil Substances 0.000 description 21
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 description 5
- 230000009977 dual effect Effects 0.000 description 4
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000002569 water oil cream Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000004215 Carbon black (E152) Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000003989 dielectric material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229930195733 hydrocarbon Natural products 0.000 description 2
- 150000002430 hydrocarbons Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000003129 oil well Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000011084 recovery Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000470 constituent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000010779 crude oil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000008021 deposition Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002708 enhancing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000000605 extraction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000005484 gravity Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000012716 precipitator Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004094 surface-active agent Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
- H05B6/00—Heating by electric, magnetic or electromagnetic fields
- H05B6/64—Heating using microwaves
- H05B6/80—Apparatus for specific applications
- H05B6/802—Apparatus for specific applications for heating fluids
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
- H05B6/00—Heating by electric, magnetic or electromagnetic fields
- H05B6/64—Heating using microwaves
- H05B6/78—Arrangements for continuous movement of material
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D17/00—Separation of liquids, not provided for elsewhere, e.g. by thermal diffusion
- B01D17/02—Separation of non-miscible liquids
- B01D17/04—Breaking emulsions
- B01D17/044—Breaking emulsions by changing the pressure
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D17/00—Separation of liquids, not provided for elsewhere, e.g. by thermal diffusion
- B01D17/06—Separation of liquids from each other by electricity
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10G—CRACKING HYDROCARBON OILS; PRODUCTION OF LIQUID HYDROCARBON MIXTURES, e.g. BY DESTRUCTIVE HYDROGENATION, OLIGOMERISATION, POLYMERISATION; RECOVERY OF HYDROCARBON OILS FROM OIL-SHALE, OIL-SAND, OR GASES; REFINING MIXTURES MAINLY CONSISTING OF HYDROCARBONS; REFORMING OF NAPHTHA; MINERAL WAXES
- C10G33/00—Dewatering or demulsification of hydrocarbon oils
- C10G33/02—Dewatering or demulsification of hydrocarbon oils with electrical or magnetic means
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
- H05B6/00—Heating by electric, magnetic or electromagnetic fields
- H05B6/64—Heating using microwaves
- H05B6/80—Apparatus for specific applications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D17/00—Separation of liquids, not provided for elsewhere, e.g. by thermal diffusion
- B01D17/02—Separation of non-miscible liquids
- B01D17/04—Breaking emulsions
- B01D17/042—Breaking emulsions by changing the temperature
Landscapes
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Electromagnetism (AREA)
- Thermal Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Constitution Of High-Frequency Heating (AREA)
Abstract
An apparatus for applying RF electromagnetic energy (30kHz to 300GHz) to a dielectric fluid comprises a dielectric chamber 20 though which the dielectric fluid flows. A resonant cavity 30 surrounds at least a portion of the dielectric chamber for the application of electromagnetic energy to the dielectric fluid. For irradiating a pressurised dielectric fluid, the resonant cavity means is pressurised to a pressure substantially equal to that of the pressurised fluid such that there is substantially no pressure differential across a dielectric wall separating an inside of the dielectric chamber means from an outside of the dielectric chamber means within the resonant cavity means. Typical pressure and frequency of 6x106 Pa (60 Bar) and 300MHz to 30GHz (microwave energy) may be used.
Description
RF ELECTROMAGNETIC HEATING OF A DIELECTRIC FLUID
This invention relates to electromagnetic heating of a dielectric fluid and has particular application to facilitate separation of water from a pressurised oil and water emulsion or dispersion using RF heating.
Water-oil emulsions are almost invariably produced in the extraction of crude oil and are most likely to occur if water flooding is used to maximise recovery of oil from an oil well. Such water-oil emulsions flow from an oil well at high pressure.
It is desirable to reduce the water content to less than 0.5% before the oil is delivered to a refinery. For premium oils a lower concentration of less than 0.2% water is required. Traditionally, settling tanks are used to allow the constituents to separate, possibly using at least one of surfactants and electric precipitators, but this is a time-consuming process and does not maximise recovery.
If a water-oil emulsion is subjected to microwaves, heat produced by absorption of radiation in the water droplets may be transferred to the oil by conduction, lowering the viscosity of the oil and aiding separation.
US 4,889,639 discloses microwave separation of an emulsion, particularly for enhancing separation of an oil and water emulsion using re-circulating oily water from a separator tank or using water from a separate source. An applicator is provided with an inlet and outlet for passage of an oil-water emulsion or dispersion. Magnets are provided in a microwave circulator located between a microwave source and a waveguide to deflect reflected microwave energy into a water load chamber on the circulator.
US 5,914,014 discloses a microwave applicator to break hydrocarbon and water emulsions. A stream of a hydrocarbon and water emulsion is pumped into a multimode resonant re-entrant microwave cavity. Dual opposing emulsion flow chambers with a centrally supplied microwave waveguide form a double ended resonant chamber with multiple RF energy reflections to treat the flowing emulsion. An RF energy applicator reflects energy into the dual opposed RF terminal cavities using angled reflector plates located at a terminal end of a rectangular waveguide. Feedstock flow is upward against gravity to prevent entrained solids from becoming trapped within the resonator cavities. The dual opposed RF terminal cavities act as one multimode resonant re-entrant microwave cavity to absorb microwave energy. The re-entrant chamber dimensions closely match microwave standing wave patterns for predetermined dielectric properties of the oil and water mixture flowing through the dual opposed cavities. A three port circulator is located between a transmitter and the microwave applicator to divert any reflected RF to a water-cooled dummy load. US 6,077,400 and US 6,086,830 disclose details of feedstock preheating, filtering, and temperature range and details of chamber materials and design for substantially the same apparatus.
A difficulty in applying a field to a dielectric fluid is that, for example, a loop in a pipe through which the oil is flowing is likely to become a deposition site and, for that reason, various complicated schemes have been proposed to enable electromagnetic waves to be launched in a pipe. In particular, none of these arrangements is suitable for treating a high pressure oil-water emulsion or dispersion.
According to a first aspect of the present invention there is provided an apparatus for applying RF electromagnetic energy to a dielectric fluid comprising: dielectric chamber means comprising inlet means and outlet means arranged to allow the dielectric fluid to be irradiated as the dielectric fluid flows through the dielectric chamber means between the inlet means and the outlet means; and resonant cavity means surrounding at least a portion of the dielectric chamber means and arranged for the application of electromagnetic energy to the dielectric fluid.
Conveniently, the apparatus is arranged for applying electromagnetic energy to a pressurised dielectric fluid, wherein: the dielectric chamber means is arranged for containing the pressurised dielectric fluid; and the resonant cavity means is arranged to be prcssurised to a pressure substantially equal to that of the pressurised fluid such that there is substantially no pressure differential across a dielectric wall separating an inside of the dielectric chamber means from an outside of the dielectric chamber means within the resonant cavity means.
Advantageously, the dielectric chamber is arranged substantially to prevent arcing between the dielectric fluid and internal walls of the resonant cavity means when the dielectric fluid is irradiated by electromagnetic radiation within the resonant cavity means.
Advantageously, screening means are provided for the inlet means and outlet means substantially to limit electromagnetic radiation escaping from the dielectric chamber means.
Conveniently, the screening means comprises a grid having a mesh size sufficiently small substantially to limit the passage of electromagnetic radiation of a wavelength with which the dielectric chamber means is irradiated but sufficiently large to allow a required flow of the dielectric fluid through the grid.
Advantageously, the mesh size is less than a quarter wavelength of the electromagnetic radiation.
Conveniently, the dielectric chamber means is a right circular hollow cylinder.
Advantageously, the resonant cavity means acts as a multimode cavity for the electromagnetic radiation.
Conveniently, the apparatus comprises radio frequency generator means for applying radio frequency energy within the dielectric chamber means.
Advantageously, the apparatus comprises microwave source means for applying microwave radiation within the dielectric chamber means.
Advantageously, the apparatus is arranged to irradiate an oil and water emulsion or an oil and water dispersion.
According to a second aspect of the invention, there is provided a method for heating a dielectric fluid by applying RF electromagnetic energy comprising: flowing the dielectric fluid through inlet means and outlet means of dielectric chamber means; and applying electromagnetic energy to resonant cavity means surrounding at least a portion of the dielectric chamber means to irradiate the dielectric fluid.
Conveniently the method is arranged to heat a pressurised dielectric fluid comprising: pressurising the resonant cavity means to a pressure substantially equal to that of the pressurised dielectric fluid such that there is substantially no pressure differential across a dielectric wall separating an inside of the dielectric chamber means from an outside of the dielectric chamber means within the resonant cavity means.
Advantageously, the dielectric wall substantially prevents arcing between the pressurised dielectric fluid and walls of the resonant cavity means.
Conveniently, the method further comprises substantially limiting electromagnetic radiation escaping from the dielectric chamber means with screening means for the inlet means and outlet means.
Advantageously, substantially limiting electromagnetic radiation escaping from the dielectric chamber with screening means comprises providing a grid having a mesh size sufficiently small substantially to limit the passage of electromagnetic radiation of a wavelength with which the chamber is irradiated but sufficiently large to allow a required flow of the dielectric fluid therethrough.
Conveniently, the method comprises applying radio frequency energy within the dielectric chamber means.
Advantageously, the method comprises applying microwave radiation within the dielectric chamber means.
Advantageously, the method comprises irradiating an oil and water emulsion or an oil and water dispersion.
The invention will now be described, by way of example, with reference to the accompanying drawings in which: Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of a microwave cavity according to the invention; and Figure 2 is a schematic diagram of a system comprising the microwave cavity of Figure 1.
In the Figures like reference numerals denote like parts.
Referring to Figure 1, in a microwave applicator 10 according to the invention there is provided a dielectric cylinder 20 surrounded by a multimode cavity vessel 30. The dielectric cylinder may be joined to a metal tube 23 of substantially a same internal diameter outside, or at the boundary of, the multimode cavity vessel 30. The cavity vessel is provided with at least one waveguide 31, loop coupler or slot coupler for input of microwave energy. In an embodiment, means are also provided, not shown, for pressurising the cavity vessel outside the dielectric cylinder with, for example, air. Grids 21 may be provided across the ends of the dielectric cylinder, having a grid spacing of the order of a quarter wavelength of the microwaves applied to the multimode cavity, substantially to limit leakage of electromagnetic radiation from the cavity. It may be possible to omit the grids 21 if, as is preferred, a metal tube 23 is connected to the dielectric cylinder 20 at a boundary or wall of the multimode cavity vessel and the metal tube is long enough sufficiently to prevent the leakage of electromagnetic radiation from the multimode cavity vessel. The grids 21 may alternatively be located transversely within or at outer ends of the metal tubes 23.
Typically, the invention is used to reduce water content of an oil and water emulsion or dispersion flowing along a pipe. The resonant cavity includes a dielectric chamber, which is conveniently but not essentially, a length of pipe of dielectric material of a same diameter as the oil pipe, to which electromagnetic energy is applied.
It will be understood that the microwave cavity could alternatively be a single mode cavity and that the microwave cavity does not necessarily have a square or rectangular cross-section as illustrated but could, for example, have some other convenient cross-sectional shape such as octagonal.
It will also be understood that power may be coupled to the cavity by slots instead of loops and that multiple feeds may be used to increase field uniformity within the cavity compared with a field created by a single feed.
The invention has a particular advantage when the chamber is pressurised.
Without pressurisation of the cavity vessel, any pressure of the flowing mixture would act along the entire curved area of the dielectric chamber, and along circular seals joining the dielectric chamber to input and output pipe sections.
Moreover, without the enclosing cavity, and if the couplers were instead inserted in the dielectric wall, there would be a large area of dielectric which could fail, particularly when weakened where the couplers were inserted directly into the dielectric wall.
An advantage of pressurisation of the outer chamber is that there is no longer a significant pressure difference across the curved wall of the dielectric chamber.
Referring to Figure 2, the one or more loop or slot feeds 31 to the cavity 30 are supplied with electromagnetic energy from a microwave source or RF generator 40 after passing through a microwave circulator 50 to protect the source from reflected radiation and a matching unit 60 for matching the load impedance presented by the emulsion or dispersion to the generator output impedance to ensure optimum RF power transfer. By RF it will be understood that a frequency between 30 kHz and 300 0Hz is intended.
In use an oil and water emulsion to be separated is passed through the dielectric cylinder as shown by arrows 22, typically at a pressure of substantially 6 x 106 Pa (60 Bar) and a corresponding pressure is maintained in the cavity 30 surrounding the dielectric cylinder 20 such that there is nominally no pressure across a wall of the dielectric cylinder.
Microwave energy, preferably between frequencies of 300 MHz and 0Hz, is applied via the one or more loop or slot feeds 31 to the multimode cavity 30 and heat produced by absorption of radiation in the water droplets may be transferred to the oil by conduction, lowering the viscosity of the oil and aiding separation..
The dielectric cylinder 20 prevents arcing from the fluid to the cavity walls, which would otherwise be likely to damage the electromagnetic generator 40 such as a microwave magnetron.
Although the apparatus has been described for increasing a settlement speed of oil and water emulsions, it will be understood that the apparatus can be used for heating any flowing dielectric material, particularly for materials at pressures above atmospheric pressure.
Claims (21)
- CLAIMSI. An apparatus for applying RF electromagnetic energy to a dielectric fluid comprising: a. dielectric chamber means comprising inlet means and outlet means arranged to allow the dielectric fluid to be irradiated as the dielectric fluid flows through the dielectric chamber means between the inlet means and the outlet means; and b. resonant cavity means surrounding at least a portion of the dielectric chamber means and arranged for the application of electromagnetic energy to the dielectric fluid flowing through the dielectric chamber means.
- 2. An apparatus as claimed in claim 1, for applying electromagnetic energy to a pressurised dielectric fluid, wherein: a. the dielectric chamber means is arranged for containing the pressurised dielectric fluid; and b. the resonant cavity means is arranged to be pressurised to a pressure substantially equal to that of the pressurised fluid such that there is substantially no pressure differential across a dielectric wall separating an inside of the dielectric chamber means from an outside of the dielectric chamber means within the resonant cavity means.
- 3. An apparatus as claimed in any of the preceding claims, wherein the dielectric chamber is arranged substantially to prevent arcing between the dielectric fluid and internal walls of the resonant cavity means when the dielectric fluid is irradiated by electromagnetic radiation within the resonant cavity means.
- 4. An apparatus as claimed in any of the preceding claims, wherein screening means are provided for the inlet means and outlet means substantially to limit electromagnetic radiation escaping from the dielectric chamber means.
- 5. An apparatus as claimed in claim 4, wherein the screening means comprises a grid having a mesh size sufficiently small substantially to limit the passage of electromagnetic radiation of a wavelength with which the dielectric chamber means is irradiated but sufficiently large to allow a required flow of the dielectric fluid through the grid.
- 6. An apparatus as claimed in claim 5, wherein the mesh size is less than a quarter wavelength of the electromagnetic radiation.
- 7. An apparatus as claimed in any of the preceding claims wherein the dielectric chamber means is a right circular hollow cylinder.
- 8. An apparatus as claimed in any of the preceding claims, wherein the resonant cavity means acts as a multimode cavity for the electromagnetic radiation.
- 9. An apparatus as claimed in any of the preceding claims comprising radio frequency generator means for applying radio frequency energy within the dielectric chamber means.
- 10. An apparatus as claimed in any of the preceding claims, comprising microwave source means for applying microwave radiation within the dielectric chamber means.
- 11. An apparatus as claimed in any of the preceding claims arranged to irradiate an oil and water emulsion or an oil and water dispersion.
- 12. A method of heating a dielectric fluid by applying RF electromagnetic energy comprising: a. flowing the dielectric fluid through inlet means and outlet means of dielectric chamber means; b. applying electromagnetic energy to resonant cavity means surrounding at least a portion of the dielectric chamber means to irradiate the dielectric fluid.
- 13. A method as claimed in claim 12 of heating a pressurised dielectric fluid comprising: pressurising the resonant cavity means to a pressure substantially equal to that of the pressurised dielectric fluid such that there is substantially no pressure differential across a dielectric wall separating an inside of the dielectric chamber means from an outside of the dielectric chamber means within the resonant cavity means;
- 14. A method as claimed in claims 12 or 13, wherein the dielectric wall substantially prevents arcing between the pressurised dielectric fluid and walls of the resonant cavity means.
- 15. A method as claimed in any of claims 12 to 14, further comprising substantially limiting electromagnetic radiation escaping from the dielectric chamber means with screening means for the inlet means and outlet means.
- 16. A method as claimed in claim 15, comprising substantially limiting electromagnetic radiation escaping from the dielectric chamber with screening means comprising a grid having a mesh size sufficiently small substantially to prevent the passage of electromagnetic radiation of a wavelength with which the chamber is irradiated but sufficiently large to allow a required flow of the dielectric fluid therethrough.
- 17. A method as claimed in any of claims 12 to 16, comprising applying radio frequency energy within the dielectric chamber means.
- 18. A method as claimed in any of claims 12 to 16, comprising applying microwave radiation within the dielectric chamber means.
- 19. A method as claimed in any of claims 12 to 18, comprising irradiating an oil and water emulsion or an oil and water dispersion.
- 20. An apparatus substantially as described herein with reference to and as shown in the accompanying Figures.
- 21. A method substantially as described herein with reference to and as shown in the accompanying Figures
Priority Applications (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| GB0802846A GB2457495A (en) | 2008-02-15 | 2008-02-15 | RF electromagnetic heating a dielectric fluid |
| PCT/GB2009/050132 WO2009101437A1 (en) | 2008-02-15 | 2009-02-10 | Rf electromagnetic heating of a pressurised dielectric fluid |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| GB0802846A GB2457495A (en) | 2008-02-15 | 2008-02-15 | RF electromagnetic heating a dielectric fluid |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| GB0802846D0 GB0802846D0 (en) | 2008-03-26 |
| GB2457495A true GB2457495A (en) | 2009-08-19 |
Family
ID=39271797
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| GB0802846A Withdrawn GB2457495A (en) | 2008-02-15 | 2008-02-15 | RF electromagnetic heating a dielectric fluid |
Country Status (2)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| GB (1) | GB2457495A (en) |
| WO (1) | WO2009101437A1 (en) |
Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US20110174385A1 (en) * | 2008-09-23 | 2011-07-21 | Ultraseptics, Inc | Electromagnetic system |
| DE102011051542A1 (en) * | 2011-07-04 | 2013-01-10 | Jenoptik Katasorb Gmbh | Microwave reactor for microwave-assisted heating of a medium |
| WO2013134328A1 (en) * | 2012-03-07 | 2013-09-12 | Harris Corporation | Hydrocarbon fluid pipeline including rf heating station and related methods |
Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US4825651A (en) * | 1985-02-12 | 1989-05-02 | Bayerische Motoren Werke Aktiengesellschaft | Device and process for separating soot or other impurities from the exhaust gases of an internal-combustion engine |
| US5122633A (en) * | 1989-06-07 | 1992-06-16 | Wolfgang Moshammer | Method and apparatus for radiation microwave energy into material containing water or mixed with water |
| US20040155034A1 (en) * | 2001-06-08 | 2004-08-12 | Lambert Feher | Continuous flow microwave heater |
| WO2005082460A1 (en) * | 2004-02-20 | 2005-09-09 | Sullivan Thomas M | Apparatus and method of cleansing contaminated air using microwave radiation |
Family Cites Families (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US4152567A (en) * | 1977-03-07 | 1979-05-01 | Mayfield Esther O | Microwave water heater |
| DE19606517C2 (en) * | 1996-02-22 | 1998-07-02 | Koettnitz Andreas Dipl Wirtsch | Pressure reactor with microwave heating for continuous operation |
| US6740858B2 (en) * | 2001-06-01 | 2004-05-25 | Communications And Power Industries, Inc. | Microwave heating applicator for heating a moving fluid |
-
2008
- 2008-02-15 GB GB0802846A patent/GB2457495A/en not_active Withdrawn
-
2009
- 2009-02-10 WO PCT/GB2009/050132 patent/WO2009101437A1/en active Application Filing
Patent Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US4825651A (en) * | 1985-02-12 | 1989-05-02 | Bayerische Motoren Werke Aktiengesellschaft | Device and process for separating soot or other impurities from the exhaust gases of an internal-combustion engine |
| US5122633A (en) * | 1989-06-07 | 1992-06-16 | Wolfgang Moshammer | Method and apparatus for radiation microwave energy into material containing water or mixed with water |
| US20040155034A1 (en) * | 2001-06-08 | 2004-08-12 | Lambert Feher | Continuous flow microwave heater |
| WO2005082460A1 (en) * | 2004-02-20 | 2005-09-09 | Sullivan Thomas M | Apparatus and method of cleansing contaminated air using microwave radiation |
Cited By (9)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US20110174385A1 (en) * | 2008-09-23 | 2011-07-21 | Ultraseptics, Inc | Electromagnetic system |
| US9713340B2 (en) * | 2008-09-23 | 2017-07-25 | North Carolina State University | Electromagnetic system |
| US10390550B2 (en) | 2008-09-23 | 2019-08-27 | HBC Holding Company, LLC | Method for processing biomaterials |
| DE102011051542A1 (en) * | 2011-07-04 | 2013-01-10 | Jenoptik Katasorb Gmbh | Microwave reactor for microwave-assisted heating of a medium |
| DE102011051542B4 (en) * | 2011-07-04 | 2013-04-25 | Jenoptik Katasorb Gmbh | Microwave reactor for microwave-assisted heating of a medium |
| WO2013134328A1 (en) * | 2012-03-07 | 2013-09-12 | Harris Corporation | Hydrocarbon fluid pipeline including rf heating station and related methods |
| US9198234B2 (en) | 2012-03-07 | 2015-11-24 | Harris Corporation | Hydrocarbon fluid pipeline including RF heating station and related method |
| US20160040817A1 (en) * | 2012-03-07 | 2016-02-11 | Harris Corporation | Hydrocarbon fluid pipeline including rf heating station and related methods |
| US10458588B2 (en) | 2012-03-07 | 2019-10-29 | Harris Corporation | Hydrocarbon fluid pipeline including RF heating station and related methods |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| GB0802846D0 (en) | 2008-03-26 |
| WO2009101437A1 (en) | 2009-08-20 |
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Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| WAP | Application withdrawn, taken to be withdrawn or refused ** after publication under section 16(1) |