GB2433844A - Electrostatic motor - Google Patents

Abstract

The high efficiency motor is based on a new understanding of the motor force in electromagnetism. This is that the force between conductors is due to the special theory of relativity and is therefore electrostatic and there is no magnetic field. This means that there is no need for a magnetic circuit and therefore no need for a large heavy yoke. The high permeability material only needs to be between and around the layer of conductors on the armature and on and around the layer of conductors on the stator where they face each other. This may be an electret e.g. barium titanate. Alternatively a ferrite or soft iron dust in resin may be used.

Description

<p>High efficiency lightweight Electric Motors The motor force is exerted

when two current carrying conductors are brought close together.</p>

<p>The force between two straight current carrying conductors is inversely proportional to their distance apart and proportional to their length and to the current. There is no magnetic field.</p>

<p>Consequently there is no need for any ferro-magnetic material to be inside the loops of wire. All the iron does is use up power. The force depends only on the current and the other parameters I mentioned.</p>

<p>So a motor is best made so the maximum force, when the conductors are close together, is exploited.</p>

<p>I did say "proportional" so there is the constant of proportionality which I think is the permeability of free space. In fact the force is electrostatic in nature, the so called magnetic field is the result of relativity length contraction. It is quite complicated to work out but it is only algebra.</p>

<p>What is srong with ForceP*L*i/D where L>>D? P being the permeability. L is the length, i the current, and D the perpendicular distance. I assume the conductors are parallel. z</p>

<p>Actually putting an iron core into an electric motor only alters the impedance not the efficiency because power is lost in the iron which reduces efficiency.</p>

<p>A motor therefore needs to be long as well as fat because the long path means longer conductors and fat to increase the torque. A motor with no iron core is going to be a different size and shape to a normal one but may be lighter. To be compact it needs more windings.</p>

<p>The Solution Because the force between two current carrying conductors is electrostatic in nature the force for a particular current and motor construction may be increased by putting an electret between the conductors. Barium Titanate is a substance that can be used and this will increase the force around 10,000 times thus making the motor much more compact. It needs only to be put around the conductors around the periphery of the annature and the stator where the conductors are so that the clearance to allow rotation is small. None is needed inside the annature. A plastic ferrite could also be used or an normal ferrite. Or dust soft iron made into a paste with a resin.</p>

<p>This will make a small light motor.</p>

<p>The force between current carrying conductors is a consequence of special relativity, there is no</p>

<p>magnetic field.</p>

<p>Solenoids are not involved in electric motor design.</p>

<p>Theoretical Detail Electromagnetism theory reached its pinnacle in the nineteenth century with Maxwell's famous equations, but are they necessary for developing a fill theory of electrical phenomena? Let us take two examples.</p>

<p>The case of two parallel conductors carrying current.</p>

<p>1. Currents parallel.</p>

<p>The current is a slow movement of electrons with fixed positive charges. The electrons are nioving parallel in the two res so are stationary relative to each other. The positive charges are seen as moving. According to Einstein's theory of relativity the length of the positive charge is contracted as seen by the electrons and so the electrons see an increased charge density over the charge density of the electrons. This makes the force of attraction between unlike charges slightly greater than the force of repulsion between unlike charges. This means that there is a net force of attraction.</p>

<p>2. Currents anti-parallel.</p>

<p>The electrons are now moving antiparallel and so they see a length contraction of the other electron charge. The positive charges are also seen contracted but not as much. So the electrons are seen as having a greater charge density than the fixed positive charges. Thus the force of repulsion of like charges is greater than the force of attraction of unlike charges. This means there is a net force of repulsion. Induction. Consider two conducting wires paralleL One conductor has an alternating current flowing in it. This means that the electrons are accelerating and thus their electric field lines have a kink in them so there is a transverse component this field moves the electrons in the other wire. Thus producing an induced potential. The magnitude of the induced potential would he proportional to the rate of change of the current in the first conductor.</p>

<p>In all these cases no magnetic field was required to account for the phenomena involved. So invoking Occums razor, the magnetic field in not required and so does not exist.</p>

<p>Consider two long straight copper conductors each carrying the same current in the same direction.</p>

<p>The electrons move together at the same velocity in each cable. They repel one another. The fixed positive charges repel each other. However the electrons wire A attract the fixed charges in wire B but because the electrons are moving relative to the fixed charges they will see a higher charge density than the charge density due to the electrons in B so the attraction of electrons to fixed positive charges is higher than the repulsion between the same number of electrons in B. Similarly for electrons in wire B and the fixed positive charges in wire A n=number of atoms per meter eelectronic charge dseparation llength Ppermittivity vdrift velocity of electrons cvelocity of light The force of repulsion is P*2*((e*n)t\2)*l Id & F) And the force of attraction is P*(2*((e*ny2)*LId)/sqr( 1 (vIcy2) So the resultant force is F-Flsqr(1-(vlc)t'2)=F(l_1/sqr(l_(vlcy2)) F( 1-0 -(v/cY2Y(_112)) F( 1-0*l (1/2)(v/c)'2)) F(v/c)'2/2 = (P2*((eh!'n)f\2) *l/d)(v/c)t2/2 = (PIc) *(((e'n *v)A2)*lld) P/c)(iA2*l/d (e*n*v=i) So P/c is the "permeability" and the force is proportional to the current squared and the length but inversely proportional to the separation, there is no need for the idea of the magnetic field. There is</p>

<p>no magnetic field.</p>

<p>LI-</p>

<p>Theory from Open University physics course c Claim</p>

Claims (1)

1. <p>1. The motor will be lighter than similar motors of the same power.</p>

   <p>2. The motor will have less iron loss than similar motors of similar power.</p>