GB2414439A

GB2414439A - An amphibious vehicle with a triple v-section planing hull

Info

Publication number: GB2414439A
Application number: GB0411546A
Authority: GB
Inventors: Terence James Roycroft
Original assignee: Gibbs Technologies Ltd
Current assignee: Gibbs Technologies Ltd
Priority date: 2004-05-24
Filing date: 2004-05-24
Publication date: 2005-11-30
Also published as: US20130157528A1; GB2429437A; GB2429437B; US20080026650A1; GB0625172D0; GB0411546D0; WO2005115775A1

Abstract

Amphibious vehicle 1 has three, longitudinal vee sections 40 to 42 in its hull 2. Retractable wheels (21, fig. 3) are provided and these retract into discontinuities 8 to 11 in the hull. The wheels are retracted above the lowest point of the hull for marine use, and are protracted below the lowest point of the hull for land use. The central vee 40 of the three may depend lower than the side vees 41, 42, or vice versa. The hull may be a cathedral hull. The hull may have a deadrise of between 10 and 25 degrees. The vehicle ground clearance may be adjustable, for example from 0.10m to 0.50m. A four wheel drive power train may be provided, as shown in Figure 4, for example, with a longitudinal engine 50, PTO 60, transmission 70, and transfer case 80.

Description

24 1 4439

AN AMPHIBIOUS VEHICLE

The present invention relates to an amphibious vehicle and, lo particular, to an amphibious vehicle for off-road use in land mode.

In the past, designers of amphibious vehicles have focussed their efforts on optimizing either on-water or on-land performance. As a result, either on-water performance has been sacrificed in order to give satisfactory onland performance, or on-land performance sacrificed to give satisfactory on-water performance. The resulting vehicles are compromised to one degree or another.

To enable an amphibious vehicle to attain greater speed on water, It is desirable for the amphibious vehicle to be provided with a planing hull. Such a hull can be powered from standing where it 1S fully displaced to a speed where it can generate sufficient hydrodynamic lift to rise up out of the water and plane across the surface of the water.

Generally, for optlrral performance, the surface of a planing hull should contain as few discontinulUles as possible, as disruptions to the surface of the hull will increase drag and compromise both the hydrodynamic lift achievable and handling on water. However, the nature of an amphibious vehicle IS SllCh that It can require the surface of the hull to corrals d scontlnultles, such as recesses within which components, for example, wheel assemblies, are located. Furthermore, the designers of glaring hulls for watercraft usually adopt a dead ruse angle of between lO and 25 degrees. However, to date, it has been desirable to reduce as far as possible the dead rise angle in order to provide for adequate ground clearance when the vehicle is used on land. Such a low dead rise angle detrimentally affects the directional stability of the hull when planing on water.

In addressing the above problems, the applicant has developed hydrodynamic aids such as planing plates to help - 2 recover at least part of the hull form (as disclosed in the applicant's co-pending UK patent application no. 0311499.8) and strokes to improve directional stability of the hull when on the plane (as disclosed in the applicant's co-pending UK patent application no. 0311500.3).

The applicant has developed a high speed amphibious vehicle having offroad and utilltarlarl capability together with four-wheel drive. This type of high speed amphibian further compounds the problems identified above since a greater ground clearance IS required and a bigger mass must be propelled up onto the plane. Somewhat surprisingly, this new amphibious capability has been achieved using a cathedral planing hull.

Accordingly, the present invention provides, in a first aspect, an amphibious vehicle operable in land and marine modes, the amphibious vehicle compr-lslng: a planlnq hull having three longitudinal V sections; at least one discontinuity provided In the hull; and at least one retractable wheel assembly located in the at least one discontinuity, wherein: the at least one retractable wheel assembly is retracted above the lowest point of the hull when operating in marine mode and protracted below the lowest point of the hull when operating in land mode.

Preferred embodiments of the present invention will now be described by way of example only with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which: Figure 1 IS a plan view of an underside of an amphibious vehicle according to the present invention; Fl9Ure 2 IS a perspective view from below and one side of the amphibious vehicle of Flqure 1; Figure 3 IS a cross-sectional view through the hull of Flqure l, taken along the Irne xx'; and Flqure 4 Is a schematic plan view of the hull illustrating a preferred power train arrangement. - 3

Referring first to Flqures 1 and 2, there is shown an amphibious vehicle 1 having a hull 2 comprising a forward bow end 4 and a rearward stern end 6. Provided on the underside of the hull 2 are a pair of forward wheel arches 8, 9 and a pair of rear wheel arches 10, 11. The wheel arches 8, 9, 10 and 11 each contain a retractable wheel assembly 20. A -Jet drive 30 IS located at the rear of the vehicle 1 in the centre.

The hull 2 is of classic cathedral hull form having a central V section 40 and two further V sections 41, 42 each one displaced either side of the central V section 40. In Figure 3, all three V sections 40, 41 and 42 can be seen to depend from the hull, the central V section 40 depending some 0.025m deeper than the two side V sections 41, 42. Retractable wheel assemblies 20 are shown schematically both in the fully retracted position 21 and the fully protracted position 22.

A preferred embodiment of power train is illustrated in Flqure 4 (as described lo the applicant's co-pending International patent application number WO 02/16158). An internal combustion engine 50 provides power for delivery to a sandwich power take-off unit 60. The sandwich power takeoff unit 60 In turn delivers power to the gearbox 70 and directly to the jet drive 30 via marine drive shaft 100. A transfer box (or case) 80 transmits power from the gearbox 70 to a front propeller shaft 81 and to a rear propeller shaft 91. The front propeller shaft 81 and rear propeller shaft 91 are packaged longitudinally In the amphibious vehicle 1, slightly offset from the centre line of the vehicle 1 and lying in the central V section 40. Also located in the central V section 40 is a front differential 82 connected to the front propeller shaft 81 and a rear differential 92 connected to the rear propeller shaft 91.

Power from the front propeller shaft 81 and rear propeller shaft 91 IS delivered vla respective front and rear differentials 82, 92 to front wheel drive shafts 83 and rear wheel drive shafts 93 respectively, and on to each of the four retractable wheel assemblies 20. As such, In this preferred embodiment, the vehicle 1 is a four-wheel drive vehicle. '1'he 4 retracting wheel assemblies 20 may be as described lo the applicant's US patent no. 5,531,179. Also provided in line between the respective front and rear differentials 82, 92 and front and rear drive shafts 83, 93 are constant velocity joints 85, 95 (which in an alternative embodiment may take the form of a combination constant velocity joint and de-coupler with synchromesh as described in the applicant's Internatlonai patent application no. WO 02/1409?).

In use, when the hull 2 achieves sufficient through water speed, the resulting hydrodynamic lift causes the hull 2 to rise out of the water and onto the plane. Tn this condition the forward bow end 4 of the hull 2 lifts clear of the surface of the water and only the rearward planing surface of the hull 2 remains in contact with the water, albeit on the surface only.

The planing surface of the vehicle 1 IS thus constituted by the hull surface towards the rear of the vehicle 1, typically the portion of the hull 2 extendlnq rearwardly from a point one third of the way along the length of the vehicle I from bow 4 to stern 6.

In order for the vehicle l to make the transition from its hull 2 belnq fully displaces and being non-displaced, i.e. planing, the through water speed of the vehicle l must be increased to achieve the necessary hydrodynamic lift. The triple V sections 40, 41, 42 are key in reducing the drag of the hull 2 and facilitatlnq the necessary gain In speed of the vehicle 1. Once on the plane, the V sections 40, 41, 42 provide directional stability. However, these V sections 40, 41, 42 may be supplemented with strakes as discussed in the applicant's co- pendlnq UK patent application no. 0311500.3. Furthermore, planing plates may be beneficially employed as described in the appllcanL's co-pending UK patent application no. 30311499.8. - 5

Claims

1. An amphibious vehicle operable in land and marine modes, the amphibious vehicle comprising: a planing hull having three longitudinal V hull sections; at least one discontinuity provided in the hull; and at least one retractable wheel assembly located in the at least one discontinuity, wherein: the at least one retractable wheel assembly is retracted above the lowest point of the hull when operating in marine mode and protracted below the lowest pornt of the hull when operating lo land mode.

2. An amphibious vehicle as claimed in claim l wherein the three longitudinal V sections of the hull comprise a central V hall section and a side V hull section provided on either side of the central V hull section.

3. An amphibious vehicle as claimed in claim 1 or claim ? wherein the central V hull section of the hull depends lower than the TWO side V hull sections.

4. An amphibious vehicle as claimed ln any one of the preceding claims wherein the difference in height between the lowest depending point on the central V hut] secL:on of the hull and the lowest depending point of the two side V hull sections IS In the range O.Olm to].OOm.

5. An amphlblolls vehicle as claimed In any one of tile preceding claims wherein the difference in height between the lowest depend Zng point on the central V hull section of the hull and the lowest depending point of the two side V hull sections IS Substantially 0. 025m.

6. An amphibious vehicle as claimed lo any one of the preceding claims wherein the hull IS a cathedral hull.

7. An amphibious vehicle as claimed In claim 1 or claim 2 wherein the two side V sections of the hull depend lower than the central V sect ton.

8. An amphibious vehicle as claimed In claim 1 or claim 2 wherein the central V section and two side V sections of the hull are of the same draft.

9. An amphibious vehicle as claimed In any one of the TO preceding claims wherein the hull has a deadrlse angle in the range 10 to 25 degrees.

10. An amphibious vehicle as claimed in any one of the preceding claims wherein the hull has a deadrise angle of substantially 12 degrees.

11. An amphibious vehicle as claimed in any one of the preceding claims wherein the ground clearance of the hull Is adjustable and can be set lo the range of O.lOm to 0.50m when the vehicle is in land mode and stationary on a level surface.

12. An amphibious vehicle as claimed in any one of the preceding claims wherein the ground clearance of the hull is substantially 0.25m when the vehicle IS In land mode and stationary on a level surface.

13. An amphibious vehicle as claimed in any one of the preceding claims further comprising a let drive as a marine propulsion means.

l4. An armphlbious vehicle as claimed in claim 13 wherein the Jet drive can propel the vehicle to a speed where sufficient hydrodynamic lift IS generated to enable the vehicle to plane.

15. An amphibious vehicle as claimed In any one of the preceding claims further comprising a four wheel drive powertrain. 7 -

16. Use of an amphibious vehlale as claimed In any one of the preceding claims as an off-road vehicle.

17. An amphibious vehicle substantially as hereinbefore described with reference to or as shown in the accompanying drawings.