GB2301636A - Manufacture of gaskets - Google Patents

Manufacture of gaskets Download PDF

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Publication number
GB2301636A
GB2301636A GB9511177A GB9511177A GB2301636A GB 2301636 A GB2301636 A GB 2301636A GB 9511177 A GB9511177 A GB 9511177A GB 9511177 A GB9511177 A GB 9511177A GB 2301636 A GB2301636 A GB 2301636A
Authority
GB
United Kingdom
Prior art keywords
sheet
stop
gasket
edge portion
plane
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
GB9511177A
Other versions
GB9511177D0 (en
GB2301636B (en
Inventor
Paul Ruben Percival
Vincent Clive Wright
Keith Cunnington
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Federal Mogul Sealing Systems Slough Ltd
Original Assignee
Coopers Payen Ltd
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Coopers Payen Ltd filed Critical Coopers Payen Ltd
Priority to GB9511177A priority Critical patent/GB2301636B/en
Publication of GB9511177D0 publication Critical patent/GB9511177D0/en
Priority to PCT/GB1996/001233 priority patent/WO1996038684A1/en
Priority to EP96914344A priority patent/EP0828957A1/en
Priority to AU57745/96A priority patent/AU5774596A/en
Publication of GB2301636A publication Critical patent/GB2301636A/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of GB2301636B publication Critical patent/GB2301636B/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Fee Related legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B21MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21DWORKING OR PROCESSING OF SHEET METAL OR METAL TUBES, RODS OR PROFILES WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21D19/00Flanging or other edge treatment, e.g. of tubes
    • B21D19/08Flanging or other edge treatment, e.g. of tubes by single or successive action of pressing tools, e.g. vice jaws
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16JPISTONS; CYLINDERS; SEALINGS
    • F16J15/00Sealings
    • F16J15/02Sealings between relatively-stationary surfaces
    • F16J15/06Sealings between relatively-stationary surfaces with solid packing compressed between sealing surfaces
    • F16J15/08Sealings between relatively-stationary surfaces with solid packing compressed between sealing surfaces with exclusively metal packing
    • F16J15/0818Flat gaskets
    • F16J15/0825Flat gaskets laminated
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16JPISTONS; CYLINDERS; SEALINGS
    • F16J15/00Sealings
    • F16J15/02Sealings between relatively-stationary surfaces
    • F16J15/06Sealings between relatively-stationary surfaces with solid packing compressed between sealing surfaces
    • F16J15/08Sealings between relatively-stationary surfaces with solid packing compressed between sealing surfaces with exclusively metal packing
    • F16J15/0818Flat gaskets
    • F16J2015/0843Flat gaskets with an edge portion folded over the plate itself

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Gasket Seals (AREA)

Abstract

A gasket (14) comprising a compression-limiting stop (15) is manufactured by bending an edge portion (10a) of a metal sheet (10) of substantially uniform thickness out of the plane of the sheet and pressing said bent edge portion so that it is formed into the stop (15) which is of greater thickness than the sheet. The sheet (10) with the formed stop (15) is then incorporated into said gasket.

Description

Manufacture of Gaskets This invention is concerned with the manufacture of gaskets for forming a seal between two members, eg the cylinder block and the head of an internal combustion engine.
Many gaskets incorporate a compression-limiting stop which is present to limit, in certain areas, the degree by which the gasket may be compressed, eg by tightening bolts which connect the members between which the gasket forms a seal. Where the gasket incorporates a resilient layer to form the seal, the stop acts to prevent the resilient layer from being crushed beyond its elastic limit or to prevent the resilient material from being forced out of the sealed joint. Where the gasket is of the multi-layer steel type (MLS) in which sealing is dependant on embossments in the layers concentrating the sealing force in certain areas, the stop acts to prevent the embossments from being completely crushed.
Various methods of providing compression-limiting stops are known. For example, where the gasket incorporates at least one metal sheet, edges of this sheet can be folded over through 1800 to provide the stop.
EP 0 533 357 Al describes an MLS gasket with this type of stop. This type of stop, however, has the disadvantage that its height above the sheet is of necessity equal to the thickness of the metal sheet, that the metal sheet is severely bent and may be subject to cracking, and that the stop is provided only on one side of the metal sheet.
It is an object of the present invention to provide a method of manufacturing a gasket comprising a compressionlimiting stop which overcomes the above-mentioned disadvantages.
The invention provides a method of manufacturing a gasket comprising a compression-limiting stop, the method comprising bending an edge portion of a metal sheet of substantially uniform thickness out of the plane of the sheet, pressing said bent edge portion so that it is formed into a stop of greater thickness than the sheet, and incorporating said sheet in a gasket.
In a method according to the invention, the stop can be given any desired height above the sheet and can project beyond both the opposite surfaces of the sheet. Although the method does involve bending the edge portion of the sheet, this bending is through 90" or less with a consequently reduced risk of cracking compared with bending through 1800.
Preferably, in a method according to the invention, the stop is given substantially planar opposite surfaces extending parallel to the plane of the sheet. This is achieved by pressing the bent edge portion between tools which have opposed flat faces.
Where the stop is required only on one side of the sheet, one of said opposite surfaces of the stop is made flush with a surface of said sheet. Alternatively, both opposite surfaces of the stop may stand proud of the sheet, for example, by equal amounts.
Said bending may be carried out by clamping said sheet in a clamp with said edge portion projecting beyond said clamp, and bending said projecting edge portion with a forming punch which is moved normally to the plane of said sheet.
Said pressing operation may be carried out in two stages. If necessary, said edge portion may be restrained, during pressing, against expansion in the plane of the sheet.
The invention also provides a gasket manufactured by a method in accordance with the invention.
There now follows a detailed description, to be read with reference to the accompanying drawings, of a method of manufacturing a gasket which is illustrative of the invention and of a gasket made by the illustrative method, said gasket also being illustrative of the invention.
In the drawings: Figures 1 to 5 are diagrammatic views illustrating successive stages in the formation, by the illustrative method, of a stop on a distance or stopper layer of a multi-layer steel gasket; and Figure 6 is a diagrammatic view of a portion of a gasket manufactured by the illustrative method.
The illustrative method is a method of manufacturing an illustrative gasket 14 (shown in Figure 6) comprising a compression-limiting stop 15 of greater thickness than the steel sheet 10 on which it is integrally formed. The stop 15 is annular and extends around the hole 13 forming part of the bordering surface of the hole 13. The stop 15 projects above and below the remainder of the sheet 10 by approximately equal amounts and has planar upper and lower surfaces which extend parallel to the upper and lower surfaces of the remainder of the sheet 10.
In the illustrative method, the sheet 10 (which as yet does not have the stop 15 but is of substantially uniform thickness) is provided with holes 12 at positions where the holes 13 are required in the gasket 14. In this case, the holes 12 are positioned at the positions where the cylinders of an internal combustion engine are located.
The holes 12 have a smaller diameter than the holes 13 which are required in the gasket 14. In this case, the sheet 10 is lmm in thickness.
As shown in Figure 1, in the illustrative method, the sheet 10 is clamped between an upper clamp 16 and a lower clamp 18. The clamps 16 and 18 are annular so that they surround a generally cylindrical passage 20 which has a diameter greater than that of the holes 12. The sheet 10 is clamped so that an edge portion 10a of the sheet 10 surrounding one of the holes 12 projects into said passage 20. The edge portion 10a may be 2 to 3mm wide.
Next, in the illustrative method, the edge portion lOa is bent out of the plane of the sheet 10. This is achieved by moving a punch 22 downwardly in the passage 20 (normally to the plane of the sheet 10) so that it contacts the edge portion 10 and bents it. The punch 22 is a close fit in the portion of the passage 20 which is defined by the upper clamp 16 and has a lower surface which contacts the edge portion l0a and bends it. The lower surface of the punch 22 has a flat central portion 22a joined to a radiused convex edge portion 22b which is in turn joined to a cylindrical surface portion 22c which extends in the direction of the passage 20. The cylindrical portion 22c is joined to a radiused concave edge portion 22d which extends to the wall of the passage 20.The bending results in the edge portion l0a conforming to the shape of the surface portions 22c and 22d as is shown in Figure 2.
Next, in the illustrative method, the bent edge portion 10a is pressed in two stages so that it is formed into the stop 15. This operation is illustrated by Figures 3 to 5. The sheet 10 (which has been removed from the clamps 16 and 18) is clamped between an upper clamp 24 and a lower clamp 26. The lower clamp 26 is annular and defines a generally cylindrical passage 28 which has a diameter greater than that of the passage 20. The lower clamp 26 engages the sheet 10 with the bent portion 10a and an annular portion lOb of the sheet 10 surrounding the portion 10a projecting into the passage 28. The portions 10a and lOb project by a total of 3mm beyond the lower clamp 26. The upper clamp 24 is also annular and defines a generally cylindrical passage 30 of smaller diameter than the passage 28. Thus, the upper clamp 24 projects above the portions 10a and lOb of the sheet 10.The upper clamp 24 has a lower surface which engages the sheet 10 opposite to the lower clamp 26 but does not engage the projecting portions 10a and lOb because it has a shallow recess 24a above those portions which has a flat bottom surface extending parallel to the plane of the sheet 10. A tool 32 is inserted into the passage 30, in which it is a close fit, so that it projects past the edge of the portion 10a into the passage 28. The tool 32 has only a small clearance with the edge of the portion 10a and has the purpose of restraining expansion of the portion 10a in the plane of the sheet 10 towards the centre of the passage 28.
Next, in the illustrative method, a punch 34 is moved upwardly in the passage 28. The punch 34 has an annular upward projection 34a which is a close fit in the passage 28 and on the outer surface of the tool 32. The projection 34a has an upper surface 34b arranged to engage the portions 10a and lOb. The surface 34b is frustoconical being inclined downwardly in the direction of increasing radius. Figure 3 shows the situation before the surface 34a has engaged the portions l0a and lOb and Figure 4 illustrates the effect of this engagement. As can be seen from Figure 4, the portion lOa is bent round against the portion lOb and both portions are deformed into the recess 24a in the upper clamp 24. The deformed portion of the sheet 10 formed from the portions 10a and lOb is hereafter referred to as lOc.The deformed has metal both above the upper surface of the remainder of the sheet 10 and below the level of the lower surface thereof.
Next, in the illustrative method, the punch 34 is removed and replaced by a punch 36. The punch 36 is identical to the punch 34 except that, instead of the surface 34b, it has a surface 36a which extends parallel to the flat bottom of the recess 24a in the upper clamp 24.
The punch 36 is moved upwardly in the passage so that the surface 36a engages the deformed portion lOc and deforms it further forming the stop 15 which has substantially planar upper and lower surfaces which extend parallel to the plane of the sheet 10. The sheet 10 is now incorporated in the gasket 14 by forming a stack of steel sheets and connecting them together in a conventional manner.
Although the stop 15 has a uniform thickness around the hole 13, this may not be the case. If desired, the recess 24a and for the punch surfaces 34b and 36a may give the stop variable thickness.
The illustrative gasket 14 (shown in Figure 6) is of the MLS type and comprises three generally parallel sheets of stainless steel, the sheets being a top sheet 42, the sheet 10 which forms a middle sheet, and a bottom sheet 44.
The upper surface 42a of the sheet 42 provides an upper sealing surface of the gasket 14 while a lower surface 44a of the sheet 44 provides a lower sealing surface of the gasket. The sheets 42 and 44 have sealing embossments, 42b and 44b respectively, which extend around the hole 13. These embossments 42b and 44b are in the form of ridges projecting towards and contacting the middle sheet 10.

Claims (8)

1A method of manufacturing a gasket comprising a compression-limiting stop, the method comprising bending an edge portion of a metal sheet of substantially uniform thickness out of the plane of the sheet, pressing said bent edge portion so that it is formed into a stop of greater thickness than the sheet, and incorporating said sheet in a gasket.
2 A method according to claim 1, wherein the stop is given substantially planar opposite surfaces extending parallel to the plane of the sheet.
3 A method according to either claim 2, wherein one of said opposite surfaces of the stop is made flush with a surface of said sheet.
4 A method according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein said bending is carried out by clamping said sheet in a clamp with said edge portion projecting beyond said clamp, and bending said projecting edge portion with a forming punch which is moved normally to the plane of said sheet.
5 A method according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein said pressing operation is carried in two stages.
6 A method according to claim 5, wherein said edge portion is restrained, during pressing, against expansion in the plane of the sheet.
7 A method of manufacturing a gasket comprising a compression-limiting stop substantially as hereinbefore described with reference to the accompanying drawings.
8 A gasket manufactured by a method according to any one of claims 1 to 7.
GB9511177A 1995-06-02 1995-06-02 Manufacture of gaskets Expired - Fee Related GB2301636B (en)

Priority Applications (4)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
GB9511177A GB2301636B (en) 1995-06-02 1995-06-02 Manufacture of gaskets
PCT/GB1996/001233 WO1996038684A1 (en) 1995-06-02 1996-05-22 Manufacture of gaskets
EP96914344A EP0828957A1 (en) 1995-06-02 1996-05-22 Manufacture of gaskets
AU57745/96A AU5774596A (en) 1995-06-02 1996-05-22 Manufacture of gaskets

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
GB9511177A GB2301636B (en) 1995-06-02 1995-06-02 Manufacture of gaskets

Publications (3)

Publication Number Publication Date
GB9511177D0 GB9511177D0 (en) 1995-07-26
GB2301636A true GB2301636A (en) 1996-12-11
GB2301636B GB2301636B (en) 1998-12-16

Family

ID=10775408

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
GB9511177A Expired - Fee Related GB2301636B (en) 1995-06-02 1995-06-02 Manufacture of gaskets

Country Status (4)

Country Link
EP (1) EP0828957A1 (en)
AU (1) AU5774596A (en)
GB (1) GB2301636B (en)
WO (1) WO1996038684A1 (en)

Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0940608A1 (en) * 1998-03-04 1999-09-08 Reinz-Dichtungs-Gmbh Single layer head gasket with integral stopper and method of making the same
DE19924260A1 (en) * 1999-05-27 2000-12-14 Reinz Dichtungs Gmbh Cylinder head seal for IC engine comprises inner and outer metal sheets with constrictions which surround orifice in combustion chamber and sealing sheet between these with thinner portion at one end which is bent back to form seal
EP1637249A1 (en) * 2004-09-21 2006-03-22 Carl Freudenberg KG Process for manufacturing a metal sheet having at least a zone with increased thickness for a metal gasket, in particular a cylinder head gasket, and metal sheet obtained therewith

Families Citing this family (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE19520695C1 (en) 1995-06-07 1996-07-04 Elringklinger Gmbh Metallic cylinder head gasket for IC engine
US6357758B1 (en) 1999-06-30 2002-03-19 Federal-Mogul World Wide, Inc. Metal gasket and method of manufacturing
US6210500B1 (en) 1999-11-04 2001-04-03 Federal-Mogul World Wide, Inc. Method of heat treat hardening thin metal work pieces
DE102004054709B4 (en) 2004-11-12 2007-11-15 Elringklinger Ag Cylinder head gasket

Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB1239519A (en) * 1968-12-06 1971-07-14
GB1549200A (en) * 1976-07-23 1979-08-01 Engineering Components Ltd Gaskets
GB1598491A (en) * 1977-01-15 1981-09-23 Lechler Elring Dichtungswerke Plate gasket
US4714260A (en) * 1986-06-26 1987-12-22 Ishikawa Gasket Co. Ltd. Steel laminate gasket
US4783087A (en) * 1987-04-13 1988-11-08 Fel-Pro Incorporated Gasket assembly having a sealing insert member and method of forming
GB2248658A (en) * 1990-10-09 1992-04-15 T & N Technology Ltd Forming gaskets

Family Cites Families (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPS5877720A (en) * 1981-10-31 1983-05-11 Aisin Warner Ltd Manufacture of annular flange plate with triple folded boss part
DE4205824A1 (en) * 1992-02-26 1993-09-02 Lechler Elring Dichtungswerke FLAT GASKET FOR COMBUSTION ENGINES
GB2279895B (en) * 1993-07-15 1996-03-06 T & N Technology Ltd Forming eyelets in gaskets

Patent Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB1239519A (en) * 1968-12-06 1971-07-14
GB1549200A (en) * 1976-07-23 1979-08-01 Engineering Components Ltd Gaskets
GB1598491A (en) * 1977-01-15 1981-09-23 Lechler Elring Dichtungswerke Plate gasket
US4714260A (en) * 1986-06-26 1987-12-22 Ishikawa Gasket Co. Ltd. Steel laminate gasket
US4783087A (en) * 1987-04-13 1988-11-08 Fel-Pro Incorporated Gasket assembly having a sealing insert member and method of forming
GB2248658A (en) * 1990-10-09 1992-04-15 T & N Technology Ltd Forming gaskets

Cited By (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0940608A1 (en) * 1998-03-04 1999-09-08 Reinz-Dichtungs-Gmbh Single layer head gasket with integral stopper and method of making the same
DE19924260A1 (en) * 1999-05-27 2000-12-14 Reinz Dichtungs Gmbh Cylinder head seal for IC engine comprises inner and outer metal sheets with constrictions which surround orifice in combustion chamber and sealing sheet between these with thinner portion at one end which is bent back to form seal
DE19924260C2 (en) * 1999-05-27 2003-03-20 Reinz Dichtungs Gmbh Metallic flat gasket
EP1637249A1 (en) * 2004-09-21 2006-03-22 Carl Freudenberg KG Process for manufacturing a metal sheet having at least a zone with increased thickness for a metal gasket, in particular a cylinder head gasket, and metal sheet obtained therewith
FR2875423A1 (en) * 2004-09-21 2006-03-24 Meillor Sa Sa METHOD FOR MANUFACTURING A METAL SHEET WITH AT LEAST ONE INTEGRATED INTEGRATED ZONE FOR A GREEN METAL JOINT, IN PARTICULAR A HEAD SEAL AND SHEET OBTAINED

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
WO1996038684A1 (en) 1996-12-05
EP0828957A1 (en) 1998-03-18
AU5774596A (en) 1996-12-18
GB9511177D0 (en) 1995-07-26
GB2301636B (en) 1998-12-16

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Legal Events

Date Code Title Description
PCNP Patent ceased through non-payment of renewal fee

Effective date: 20010602