GB2189147A - Artificial knee with improved stable link-type knee joint - Google Patents

Artificial knee with improved stable link-type knee joint Download PDF

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Publication number
GB2189147A
GB2189147A GB08609339A GB8609339A GB2189147A GB 2189147 A GB2189147 A GB 2189147A GB 08609339 A GB08609339 A GB 08609339A GB 8609339 A GB8609339 A GB 8609339A GB 2189147 A GB2189147 A GB 2189147A
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GB
United Kingdom
Prior art keywords
link means
shin
link
anterior
thigh
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
GB08609339A
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GB8609339D0 (en
GB2189147B (en
Inventor
Denis Ronald William May
Richard Zbigniew Marlow
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
JE Hanger and Co Ltd
Original Assignee
JE Hanger and Co Ltd
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by JE Hanger and Co Ltd filed Critical JE Hanger and Co Ltd
Priority to GB8609339A priority Critical patent/GB2189147B/en
Publication of GB8609339D0 publication Critical patent/GB8609339D0/en
Priority to GB8700780A priority patent/GB2189149B/en
Priority to EP87303313A priority patent/EP0243081A3/en
Priority to JP9211687A priority patent/JPS62295658A/en
Publication of GB2189147A publication Critical patent/GB2189147A/en
Priority to US07/236,733 priority patent/US4911709A/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of GB2189147B publication Critical patent/GB2189147B/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Fee Related legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61FFILTERS IMPLANTABLE INTO BLOOD VESSELS; PROSTHESES; DEVICES PROVIDING PATENCY TO, OR PREVENTING COLLAPSING OF, TUBULAR STRUCTURES OF THE BODY, e.g. STENTS; ORTHOPAEDIC, NURSING OR CONTRACEPTIVE DEVICES; FOMENTATION; TREATMENT OR PROTECTION OF EYES OR EARS; BANDAGES, DRESSINGS OR ABSORBENT PADS; FIRST-AID KITS
    • A61F2/00Filters implantable into blood vessels; Prostheses, i.e. artificial substitutes or replacements for parts of the body; Appliances for connecting them with the body; Devices providing patency to, or preventing collapsing of, tubular structures of the body, e.g. stents
    • A61F2/50Prostheses not implantable in the body
    • A61F2/60Artificial legs or feet or parts thereof
    • A61F2/64Knee joints
    • A61F2/642Polycentric joints, without longitudinal rotation
    • A61F2/644Polycentric joints, without longitudinal rotation of the single-bar or multi-bar linkage type
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61FFILTERS IMPLANTABLE INTO BLOOD VESSELS; PROSTHESES; DEVICES PROVIDING PATENCY TO, OR PREVENTING COLLAPSING OF, TUBULAR STRUCTURES OF THE BODY, e.g. STENTS; ORTHOPAEDIC, NURSING OR CONTRACEPTIVE DEVICES; FOMENTATION; TREATMENT OR PROTECTION OF EYES OR EARS; BANDAGES, DRESSINGS OR ABSORBENT PADS; FIRST-AID KITS
    • A61F2/00Filters implantable into blood vessels; Prostheses, i.e. artificial substitutes or replacements for parts of the body; Appliances for connecting them with the body; Devices providing patency to, or preventing collapsing of, tubular structures of the body, e.g. stents
    • A61F2/50Prostheses not implantable in the body
    • A61F2002/5072Prostheses not implantable in the body having spring elements
    • A61F2002/5073Helical springs, e.g. having at least one helical spring
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61FFILTERS IMPLANTABLE INTO BLOOD VESSELS; PROSTHESES; DEVICES PROVIDING PATENCY TO, OR PREVENTING COLLAPSING OF, TUBULAR STRUCTURES OF THE BODY, e.g. STENTS; ORTHOPAEDIC, NURSING OR CONTRACEPTIVE DEVICES; FOMENTATION; TREATMENT OR PROTECTION OF EYES OR EARS; BANDAGES, DRESSINGS OR ABSORBENT PADS; FIRST-AID KITS
    • A61F2/00Filters implantable into blood vessels; Prostheses, i.e. artificial substitutes or replacements for parts of the body; Appliances for connecting them with the body; Devices providing patency to, or preventing collapsing of, tubular structures of the body, e.g. stents
    • A61F2/50Prostheses not implantable in the body
    • A61F2002/5072Prostheses not implantable in the body having spring elements
    • A61F2002/5079Leaf springs

Abstract

A four bar knee mechanism for an artificial leg includes thigh link means (15) for attachment to upper portions of the leg, shin link means (5) for attachment to a shin of the leg, and anterior and posterior link means (10, 20) pivoted between the thigh and shin links. A line joining the pivot (12) between the anterior link means (10) and the shin link means (5) to the pivot (23) between the posterior link means (20) and the shin link means (5) slopes rearwardly and downwardly. The anterior link means (10) is shorter than the posterior link means (20) and the pivots (12, 23) on the shin link means (5) are spaced apart by more than twice the distance separating the pivots (17, 21) on the thigh link means. The pivots (17, 21) on the thigh link means are disposed at intermediate positions relative to the horizontal positions of the pivots (12, 23) on the shin link means when the leg is in a fully extended position. The articulation defined by said links has an instantaneous centre of rotation constituted by the intersection point of a line drawn through the pivots (12, 17) of the anterior link means and a line drawn through the pivots (21, 23,) of the posterior link means, said centre of rotation being located in substantially the region of that of a natural knee and lying upon a curve that is ascending through approximately 15 DEG of flexion of the knee mechanism from its fully extended position. The posterior link means is of length and having a shin pivot position such that the articulation exhibits flexure exceeding 140 DEG to enable both a natural sitting posture and a posture in which the user squats back on his heels, with the pivots (12, 17, 21, 23) so disposed that when the mechanism is unflexed they define an irregular quadrilateral whose included angles are 157 DEG at the thigh pivot of the anterior link means, 86 DEG at the shin pivot of the anterior link means, 80 DEG at the thigh pivot of the posterior link means and 37 DEG at the shin pivot of the posterior link means. A lock for the mechanism is also described. <IMAGE>

Description

SPECIFICATION Artificial knee with improved stable linktype knee joint This invention concerns improvements in artificial legs, and its object is to provide an improved joint for fitment between a socket for an amputee's upper leg stump and a shin portion of such legs.
We have described in Patent Specification No. US-A-3823424 a knee mechanism comprising thigh link means for attachment to upper portions of the leg, shin link means for attachment to a shin of the leg, and anterior and posterior link means pivoted between the thigh and shin links, with: (a) the line joining the pivot between the anterior link means and the shin link means to the pivot between the posterior link means and the shin link means sloping rearwardly and downwardly; (b) the anterior link means being shorter than the posterior link means; (c) the pivots on the shin link means spaced apart by more than twice the distance separating the pivots on the thigh link means; (d) the pivots on the thigh link means disposed at intermediate positions relative to the horizontal positions of the pivots on the shin link means when the leg is in a fully extended position; and (e) the articulation defined by said links having an instantaneous centre of rotation constituted by the intersection point of a line drawn through the pivots of the anterior link means and a line drawn through the pivots of the posterior link means, said centre of rotation being located in substantially the region of that of a natural knee and lying upon a curve that is ascending through approximately 150 of flexion of the knee mechanism from its fully extended position.
The resultant articulated joint provided a stable weight support until it had been flexed through the predetermined angle from the extended position, which was about 15 . The practical joint was capable of flexure to about 1200, to permit a natural sitting posture. To this end both the forward and rearward links were cranked rearwardly from about their mid points to avoid mutual interference. Alteration of the lengths of the links and of their pivot points could be made to adapt the characteristics of the joint to suit the individual stump condition of a patient, but it was found that the angulation between lines intersecting the pivot axes of the links was critical.The particular combination of dimensions found to be important was that the line joining the thigh and shin pivots of the anterior link sloped forwardly and downwardly at an angle of 410 from the vertical and that the included angles in an irregular quadrilateral defined by the pivot positions of the unflexed joint were 1460 at the thigh pivot of the anterior link, 490 at the shin pivot of the anterior link, 820 at the thigh pivot of the posterior link and 530 at the shin pivot of the posterior link. The stated angles were found in practice to be absolutely vital.In an experiment, moving the pivot points one at a time by a mere 1/16 inch (equivalent to an average change of included angle of about 0.5 ) was found to produce quite unacceptable loss of function. Gaping between the knee part and the front upper edge of the shin part occurred, the maximum degree of flexion was reduced and there was a tendency for angular movement to become locked.
Extensions of the four bar knee idea e.g. to include swing phase control devices are described in our patent Specification Nos GB-A1536007 and GB-B-2134392 and for use in wooden knees are described in our patent Specification GB-A-1546126. The same geometry was illustrated by Robert Kellie & Son in patent 8pecification No. 1308738. We have used the four bar knee widely in a range of different devices, but in each instance we have preserved the above geometry because of its critical nature.
This invention is based on the realization that it is possible to increase the degree of flexion to about 1400 and even up to 143 by increasing the length of the rear pivot and positioning the posterior shin pivot appropriately and that this would enable both a natural sitting posture and a posture in which the user squats back on his heels.
The above knee mechanism lends itself to swing phase control e.g. as described in Specification No. GB-A1536007, optionally with extension bias means as described in Specification No. GB-B-2134392.
A method for locking a four bar knee mechanism is described in our patent Specification No. 2151481.
We have found a more compact locking mechanism particularly, though not essentially, for use in association with the aforesaid knee mechanism which comprises a knee joint for an artificial leg comprising a four bar linkage consisting of thigh and shin link means pivotally connected to anterior and posterior link means to define a four bar linkage, in which the anterior link means is cranked so that its thigh end is disposed rearwardly of central portions thereof and carries at its extremity upstanding catch means, and the anterior link means fits and is pivoted between bifurcated brackets depending from the thigh link, which brackets pivotally support posterior facing catch blade means resiliently biased to rotate downwardly, the arrangement being such that the blade travels over and is reverse rotated by the catch means until the unflexed position is reached, when it snap engages an anterior face of the catch means.
In the present knee mechanism the thigh link allows only restricted screwdriver or spanner access to the lower face thereof to permit upper parts of the limb to be fitted. This difficulty is overcome according to a further aspect of the invention which provides a four bar artificial knee joint including a thigh link having its top face formed as a flat face with fixing holes grouped in pairs, a posterior group of fixing holes having slots of keyhole formation into which are engageable a first pair of clamping screws or bolts of an upper member of the leg, the upper member being displaced from its final position in which heads of the screws or bolts of the first pair are accessible from the underside of the joint, the member being slid in a posterior direction to its final position and clamping screws or bolts being inserted into an anterior pair of fixing holes.
The invention further provides a four bar artificial knee joint having an anterior link that oscillates during movement from a fully flexed to an extended position and resilient means acting between the anterior link and another link of the joint that at low angles of flexion biases the joint towards its extended position and athigh angles of flexion biases the joint towards a fully extended position.
The use in association with a prosthetic knee joint of an extension buffer formed with a first portion of relatively soft material that serves to absorb kinetic energy as the joint is unflexed and a second portion of relatively hard material for reacting loads is believed to be new Embodiments of the invention will now be described, by way of example only, with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which: Figure 1 is an elevation drawn approximately to scale of a knee section of an artificial leg in the extended position; Figure 2 is a front view of the leg in a partly flexed position; Figure 3 is a second side elevation of the knee section with the thigh link shown in section; Figure 4 is a section of the thigh link on the line X-X of Figure 1; Figure 5 is a view of a kit for fitting a cup to the top face of a thigh link of the knee section of Figure 1; and Figure 6 is a fragmentary side section of the knee mechanism showing the fitting of clamping screws with the knee partly flexed.
The shin portion 1 of an artificial leg embodies a tubular load-bearing member 2 attached to a shin link 3 which is conveniently cast or machined from solid as one piece. The tube 2 is retained in a socket 7 at the base of the link 3 by means of a pinch-bolt connector 4.
The link 3 has an anterior limb 5 that extends upwardly for an appreciable distance and a posterior limb 6 that extends rearwardly at the same level as the socket so that when link 3 is viewed in side profile it slopes sharply downward towards the rear of the leg. The central region of the anterior limb 3 may be apertured to reduce weight as at 9.
A relatively short anterior link 10 is bifurcated at its lower end 11 to fit either side of the anterior limb 5 to which it is attached by pivot pin 12 and is cranked rearwardly through almost a right-angle to define a body portion 13 formed at the rear edge of the top face with an integral upstanding catch 14. The upper end of the link 10 is fitted between depending bifurcations 15 of a thigh link 16 to which it is secured by pivot pin 17. The thigh link 16 may be connected to a stump socket via an alignment device e.g. as described in our patent Application No. 8528992 or as illustrated below with reference to Figures 5 and 6. The anterior edge of the link 16 carries a pad 18 of hard rubber against which the body portion 13 of link 10 abuts to define a fully extended attitude of the knee from which extend primary buffers 18a of somewhat softer rubber.As the knee is unflexed during the swing phase of walking the primary buffers 18a absorb the kinetic energy of the shin and prevent sharp impact between the body portion 13 and the pad 18 but during the stance phase of walking or when the patient is standing, load can be reacted through the pad 18.
A pair of posterior links 20 are pinned at upper pivot 21 to posterior lateral faces 22 of the thigh link 16 and are pivoted at pin 23 to the posterior limb 6 of the shin link 3. It will be noted that the pivots 17, 21 of the thigh link 16 are relatively close together and that a line joining pivot 21 to pivot 17 slopes forwardly and downwardly at a angle of about 150. The line between pivots 12 and 23 slopes rearwardly and downwardly at an angle of about 450 In Figure 1 the links 3, 10, 16 and 20 form a fourbar kinematic chain with the following characteristics: : (a) the line joining the pivots 12, 23 of the shin link 3 slopes rearwardly and downwardly; (b) the anterior link 10 is substantialy shorter than the posterior link 20; (c) the pivots 12, 23 on the shin link 3 are spaced apart by more than twice the distance separating the pivots 17, 21 on the thigh link 16; (d) the pivots 17, 21 on the thigh link 16 are disposed at intermediate positions relative to the horizontal positions of the pivots 12, 23 on the shin link means 3 when the leg is fully extended; (e) the instantaneous centre of rotation of the joint defined by the intersection of a line drawn through anterior pivots 17, 12 with a line drawn through posterior pivots 21, 23 is located substantially in the region of that of a natural knee when fitted to a leg and lies upon a curve that is ascending through about 15 degres of knee flexion from the fully ex tended position; and (f) the posterior link 23 is of length and has a shin pivot 23 located so that the angultion exhibits flexion exceeding 1400 to enable both a natural sitting posture and a posture in which the user squats back on his heels.
It will be noted that in the unflexed position shown in Figure 1, the pivots 12, 17, 21, 23 form an irregular qudrilateral with respective included angles of 86 , 157 , 800 and 370 and that a line joining pivots 17 and 12 slopes downwardly at an angle of 490 from the vertical.
A further difference between the motion of the knee mechanism of this invention and that of US-A-3823424 is that at high degrees of flexion the pivot 21 joining the posterior link 20 to the thigh link 16 passes to the anterior side of a line joining the pivots 12, 17 of the anterior link, resulting in a distinct "overcentre" action.
Advantageously there is provided a locking mechanism for holding the knee unflexed. For this purpose a blade carrier 30 is pivoted between the bifurcations or cheek plates 15 and has a shaft 31 connected to a handle 32. A coil spring 33 between the body of the link means and the handle 32 biases the carrier 30 so that a rearwardly facing blade 34 on the carrier 30 is biased downwardly. As the joint is unflexed the blade 34 first contacts the top face of the catch 14 by which it is reverse rotated against the resistance of the spring 33. Then as the unflexed positon is reached the blade 34 snaps down against an anterior face of the catch 14, locking the joint unflexed until released via handle 32.The position of the blade 34 may be fixed on the carrier 30 by means of locking screw 35 and gives efficient locking without noticeable play because primary buffers 18a are in compression when the fully unflexed position is reached and the lock is engaged.
In Figures 5 and 6 there is shown a fixing kit for attachment of a cup 40 by means of an anterior and posterior pair of fixing screws to a top face of the thigh link 18. A problem with forming such a connection by bolts from the lower face of the thigh link 18 is that locking blade 34 interferes with screwdriver or key access to the posterior pair of fixing holes. Accordingly the cup co-operates with a fixing plate defined by a top face of thigh link 18 having a pair of keyhole posterior apertures 41 and conventional anterior apertures 42.For assembly of the cup 40 to link 16 the buffer pad 18 is removed to give access to the anterior holes 42 in the thigh link 18, posterior cap head screws 50 depending from socket 40 are inserted through the eyes 51 of the keyhole apertures 41 as shown in Figure 5 in position A, after which the cup 40 is slid in the posterior direction to position B and the knee is partly flexed to the position shown in Figure 6. The anterior region of keyhole slots 41 is inaccessible from underneath the link 16 because of interference from pivot 17 and blade 34 but the posterior region is accessible from between the front link 10 and the posterior portion of link 16 which provides a bearing for pin 21. Access is given for key 55 to the sockets in cap screws 50 inserted into apertures 41 which are tightened home.Cap screws are inserted into the anterior apertures 42 and tightened home after which primary buffers 18a are inserted from the top face into holes in pad 18 and pad 18 is refitted over the apertures 42. The fitting procedure has been exemplified for a socket cup 40 but other members, e.g. alignment devices, may be fitted in a similar way.
The above knee mechanism lends itself to fitting of a remarkably simple and effective extension bias. The pivot 12 connecting the lower part of anterior link 10 to the shin link 3 has an extension 60 on which is supported a coil spring 61. The ends of the coil spring 61 are bent to define limbs 62, 63 directed parallel to the axis of the pivot 12 and having hooked ends that engage the anterior portion 5 of link 3 and link 10. The action of the coil spring 61 depends upon angle of flexion because the movement of link 10 during knee flexion is an oscillation rather than a simple rotation. At low angles of flexion the link 10 moves in an anterior direction against the bias of spring 61 which tends to return the knee to its unflexed position. At intermediate angles of flexion the link 10 moves little but at higher degrees of flexion it moves in a posterior direction so that the action of spring 61 is then to assist flexion. The knee mechanism is used in a cosmesis that resists flexion so that when the user is sitting down his cosmesis tries to straighten the knee again. The opposition by spring 61 to straightening of the knee by the cosmesis means that the finished limb exhibits neutral behaviour when flexed to sitting or squatting angles, which is of obvious benefit to the user.

Claims (12)

1. A four bar knee mechanism for an artificial leg comprising thigh link means for attach ment to upper portions of the leg, shin link means for attachment to a shin of the leg, and anterior and posterior link means pivoted between the thigh and shin links, with: (a) the line joining the pivot between the anterior link means and the shin link means to the pivot between the posterior link means and the shin link means sloping rearwardly and downwardly; (b) the anterior link means being shorter than the posterior link means; (c) the pivots on the shin link means spaced apart by more than twice the distance separ ating the pivots on the thigh link means; (d) the pivots on the thigh link means dis posed at intermediate positions relative to the horizontal positions of the pivots on the shin link means when the leg is in a fully extended position;; (e) the articulation defined by said links having an instantaneous centre of rotation constituted by the intersection point of a line drawn through the pivots of the anterior link means and a line drawn through the pivots of the posterior link means, said centre of rotation being located in substantially the region of that of a natural knee and lying upon a curve that is ascending through approximately 150 of flexion of the knee mechanism from its fully extended position; and (f) the posterior link means being of length and having a shin pivot position such that the articulation exhibits flexure exceeding 1400 to enable both a natural sitting posture and a posture in which the user squats back on his heels.
2. An artificial leg according to Claim 1, in which the link means are curved so that end portions thereof are disposed rearwardly of central portions thereof.
3. An artificial leg according to Claim 1 or 2, wherein the pivots are so disposed that when the mechanism is unflexed they define an irregular quadrilateral whose included angles are 1570 at the thigh pivot of the anterior link means, 860 at the shin pivot of the anterior link means, 800 at the thigh pivot of the posterior link means and 370 at the shin pivot of the posterior link means.
4. An artificial leg according to Claim 3, wherein when the knee is unflexed, the line joining the thigh and shin pivots of the anterior link is directed downwardly at an angle of 490 to the vertical.
5. A knee joint for an artificial leg comprising a four bar linkage consisting of thigh and shin link means pivotally connected to anterior and posterior link means to define a four bar linkage, in which the anterior link means is cranked so that its thigh end is disposed rearwardly of central portions thereof and carries at its extremity upstanding catch means, and the anterior link means fits and is pivoted between bifurcated brackets depending from the thigh link, which brackets pivotally support posterior facing catch blade means resiliently biased to rotate downwardly, the arrangement being such that the blade travels over and is reverse rotated by the catch means until the unflexed position is reached, when it snap engages an anterior face of the catch means.
6. A knee joint according to Claim 5, wherein the catch blade means is supported on a carrier pivoted between the brackets of the thigh link and means provides for the blade to be extended from and returned towards the carrier.
7. A four bar artificial knee joint including a thigh link having its top face formed as a flat face with fixing holes grouped in pairs, a posterior group of fixing holes having slots of keyhole formation into which are engageable a first pair of clamping screws or bolts of an upper member of the leg, the upper member being displaced from its final position in which heads of the screws or bolts of the first pair are accessible from the underside of the joint, the member being slid in a posterior direction to its final position and clamping screws or bolts being inserted into an anterior pair of fixing holes.
8. A four bar artificial knee joint having an anterior link that oscillates during movement from a fully flexed to an extended position and resilient means acting between the anterior link and another link of the joint that at low angles of flexion biases the joint towards its extended position and at high angles of flexion biases the joint towards a fully extended position.
9. A knee joint as claimed in Claim 8, wherein the resilient means acts between the anterior link and a shin link.
10. A knee joint as claimed in Claim 9, wherein a coil spring on a support coaxial with a pivot between the anterior link and the shin link has hooked limbs respectively engaging the anterior and shin links.
11. A knee joint as claimed in any preceding claim, further comprising an extension buffer formed with a first portion of relatively soft material that serves to absorb kinetic energy as the joint is unflexed and a second portion of relatively hard material for reacting loads.
12. A knee joint mechanism for an artificial leg substantially as hereinbefore described with reference to and as illustrated in the accompanying drawings.
GB8609339A 1986-04-16 1986-04-16 Four bar knee mechanism for an artificial leg. Expired - Fee Related GB2189147B (en)

Priority Applications (5)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
GB8609339A GB2189147B (en) 1986-04-16 1986-04-16 Four bar knee mechanism for an artificial leg.
GB8700780A GB2189149B (en) 1986-04-16 1987-01-14 Four bar knee mechanism for an artificial leg.
EP87303313A EP0243081A3 (en) 1986-04-16 1987-04-15 Artificial knee with improved stable link-type knee joint
JP9211687A JPS62295658A (en) 1986-04-16 1987-04-16 Artificial knee having link type knee joint
US07/236,733 US4911709A (en) 1986-04-16 1988-08-26 Artificial knee with improved stable link-type knee joint

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
GB8609339A GB2189147B (en) 1986-04-16 1986-04-16 Four bar knee mechanism for an artificial leg.

Publications (3)

Publication Number Publication Date
GB8609339D0 GB8609339D0 (en) 1986-05-21
GB2189147A true GB2189147A (en) 1987-10-21
GB2189147B GB2189147B (en) 1990-04-18

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Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
GB8609339A Expired - Fee Related GB2189147B (en) 1986-04-16 1986-04-16 Four bar knee mechanism for an artificial leg.
GB8700780A Expired - Fee Related GB2189149B (en) 1986-04-16 1987-01-14 Four bar knee mechanism for an artificial leg.

Family Applications After (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
GB8700780A Expired - Fee Related GB2189149B (en) 1986-04-16 1987-01-14 Four bar knee mechanism for an artificial leg.

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JP (1) JPS62295658A (en)
GB (2) GB2189147B (en)

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2008064462A1 (en) 2006-11-30 2008-06-05 Bloorview Kids Rehab Artificial joint with locking mechanism

Families Citing this family (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB201815634D0 (en) * 2018-09-25 2018-11-07 Objectiv X Ltd A mechanical hand

Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB2151481A (en) * 1983-12-16 1985-07-24 Hanger & Co Ltd J E Lockable knee joint

Patent Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB2151481A (en) * 1983-12-16 1985-07-24 Hanger & Co Ltd J E Lockable knee joint

Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2008064462A1 (en) 2006-11-30 2008-06-05 Bloorview Kids Rehab Artificial joint with locking mechanism
EP2091472A1 (en) * 2006-11-30 2009-08-26 Bloorview Kids Rehab Artificial joint with locking mechanism
EP2091472A4 (en) * 2006-11-30 2014-05-21 Bloorview Kids Rehab Artificial joint with locking mechanism

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
JPS62295658A (en) 1987-12-23
GB8700780D0 (en) 1987-02-18
GB8609339D0 (en) 1986-05-21
GB2189149A (en) 1987-10-21
GB2189149B (en) 1990-04-18
GB2189147B (en) 1990-04-18

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