GB2123099A - Improvements in seals for bearings - Google Patents
Improvements in seals for bearings Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- GB2123099A GB2123099A GB08317125A GB8317125A GB2123099A GB 2123099 A GB2123099 A GB 2123099A GB 08317125 A GB08317125 A GB 08317125A GB 8317125 A GB8317125 A GB 8317125A GB 2123099 A GB2123099 A GB 2123099A
- Authority
- GB
- United Kingdom
- Prior art keywords
- bearing
- sealing device
- annular
- members
- sealing
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
Classifications
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16J—PISTONS; CYLINDERS; SEALINGS
- F16J15/00—Sealings
- F16J15/16—Sealings between relatively-moving surfaces
- F16J15/32—Sealings between relatively-moving surfaces with elastic sealings, e.g. O-rings
- F16J15/3284—Sealings between relatively-moving surfaces with elastic sealings, e.g. O-rings characterised by their structure; Selection of materials
- F16J15/3288—Filamentary structures, e.g. brush seals
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16C—SHAFTS; FLEXIBLE SHAFTS; ELEMENTS OR CRANKSHAFT MECHANISMS; ROTARY BODIES OTHER THAN GEARING ELEMENTS; BEARINGS
- F16C33/00—Parts of bearings; Special methods for making bearings or parts thereof
- F16C33/72—Sealings
- F16C33/76—Sealings of ball or roller bearings
Abstract
A sealing device for a bearing 25 between a rotor 26 and a shaft 27 comprises two annular discs 10, 11 mounted one on the rotor and the other on the shaft, and an annular brush screen having the filaments thereof compressed transversely between annular sealing surfaces on the two discs 10, 11. The outer periphery of one disc 10 has a flange (16) which surrounds the brush screen, and the inner periphery of the other disc 11 has a flange 18 which projects through the bore of the screen, the discs 10, 11 co-operating to form a casing which encloses and protects the brush screen. The sealing device can be mounted on one of the bearing rings of a ball bearing to form a self contained bearing assembly. One or both discs may be of a plastics material with one or both ends of the bearing device being sealed by a aforedescribed sealing device. One end of the bearing may be sealed by a plastics material disc. <IMAGE>
Description
SPECIFICATION
Improvements in seals for bearings
This invention relates to seals for use between two relatively rotatable components, and to bearing assemblies incorporating such seals.
Conventional seals having one or more lips in rubbing contact with a sealing surface have the disadvantage that the friction torque which they exert on the components can be high and can increase to an unacceptable value in the event of a differential pressure across the seal. This phenomenon can occur for example in conveyor rollers fitted at the ends thereof with sealing lips which are in rubbing contact with a sealing surface and which are deflected by a difference in pressure across the seal onto the sealing surface.
During operation of the conveyor roller, the temperature of the roller can increase due to friction and radiating heat and the resulting increase in the pressure of the air in the interior of the roller above the ambient air pressure causes the lips to lift from the sealing surface and permit escape of air. When however the roller cools down after operation, the pressure of the air in the interior of the roller falls below the ambient air pressure and the differential pressure forcesd the lips against the sealing surface and thereby increases the friction torque.
The object of the invention is to provide an improved construction of seal which effectively prevents passage of dirt and dust between two components but nevertheless has a low friction torque and permits a very restricted flow of air in the event of any pressure differential across the seal.
According to the present invention there is provided a seal between two relatively rotatable components, comprising an annular brush screen having the filaments thereof compressed transversely between two annular sealing surfaces on the components. The annular brush screen can conveniently be of the known construction comprising a ring and a large number of filaments projecting from the ring.
In the seal of the invention the filaments are forced against one another and against the annular sealing surfaces on the components so as to provide a filter barrier of a depth equal to a substantial proportion of the length of the filaments. Such a barrier effectively prevents passage of dirt and dust but permits a very restricted flow of air. The seal is thus particularly suitable for use with conveyor rollers in which a differential pressure across the seal occurs.
The friction torque of the seal of the invention is dependent upon the material used for the filaments. However seals with filaments made of fibre, plastics or metals can have a friction torque substantially less than that of
conventional rubbing seals having the same
seal to shaft interference. Moreover any wear
in the seal is automatically taken up by re
alignment of the filaments.
The annular brush screen is preferably lo
cated between annular sealing surfaces on
two members to form a sealing device which
can be located between the two components
to be sealed.
Thus according to the present invention
there is also provided a sealing device for providing a seal between two relatively rotata
ble components, comprising two co-axial
members and an annular brush screen dis
posed between the two members and in con
tact with annular sealing surfaces on the
members, the filaments of the brush screen
being arranged to be compressed transversely
between the two annular sealing surfaces
upon relative axial movement of the members
towards one another.
Preferably, one of the members comprises
an annular disc formed with an outer flange
which surrounds the annular brush screen,
and the other member comprises an annular
disc formed with an inner flange which pro
jects through the bore of the annular brush
screen, the two members co-operating to form
a casting which substantially encloses and
protects the brush screen. The flanges on the
discs may be so arranged to control the
distance between the annular sealing surfaces.
The two discs may be made of any suitable
material, for example sheet steel or plastics.
Both the annular sealing surfaces on the
two members may lie in radial planes, but
preferably one of the sealing surfaces is
frusto-conical and deflects the filaments of the
brush screen towards the other sealing surface
which may also be frusto-conical. The angle of
deflection can conveniently be approximately
5 degrees.
The annular brush screen may comprise an
outer ring and filaments projecting radially
inwards from the inner periphery of the ring,
the ring being a push fit in the bore formed
by the outer flange. Alternatively, the brush
screen may comprise a ring and filaments
projecting radially outwards from the outer
periphery of the ring, the ring being mounted
on the inner flange.
In a sealing device of the invention, the
annular brush screen is mounted on one of
the members and rotates therewith. The fila
ments of the brush screen can conveniently
be of a length such that their free ends make
sliding contact with an annular sealing surface
on the other member or on the component
supporting the other member. The seal then
provides both axial sealing and radial sealing.
The sealing device of the invention can
conveniently be incorporated in a self-con
tained bearing assembly.
Thus according to the invention there is
also provided a bearing assembly comprising a bearing fitted with a sealing device, in which the bearing comprises inner and outer bearing rings rotatable relative to each other by rolling elements disposed between the two rings and locating the rings axially relative to one another, the sealing device comprises two co-axial members and an annular brush screen disposed between the two members and in contact with annular sealing surfaces on the members, one of the bearing rings being mounted on one of the members of the sealing device, the other bearing ring being in abutting contact with the other member of the sealing device, and the filaments of the brush screen being compressed between the sealing surfaces of the two members.
Embodiments of the invention will now be described, by way of example, with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which:
Figure 1 is an axial cross section of a sealing device according to the invention,
Figure 2 is a view, on a larger scale, of a cross section of the annular brush screen of the sealing device of Fig. 1,
Figure 3 is a side view of the annular brush screen of the sealing device of Fig. 1, shown on a smaller scale,
Figure 4 is a sectional view through a ball bearing rotatably supporting a rotor on a shaft and provided with the sealing device of Fig.
1,
Figure 5 is a view similar to that of Fig. 4 and showing a modified construction of the sealing device fitted on the ball bearing,
Figure 6 is a view similar to that of Fig. 5 and showing another modified construction of the sealing device fitted on the ball bearing,
Figure 7 is a sectional view through a bearing assembly rotatably supporting a rotor on a shaft, the bearing assembly including a sealing device according to the invention,
Figures 8 and 9 are views similar to Fig. 7 and showing different constructions of bearing assemblies according to the invention
Figure 10 is a sectional view through a bearing assembly including two sealing devices arranged one on each side of the bearing,
Figure ii is a view similar to Fig. 10 showing a modified construction of the sealing devices, and
Figure 12 is an axial cross section of another construction of sealing device according to the invention.
The sealing device shown in Fig. 1 comprises two annular co-axial members 10, 11 which co-operate to form a substantially closed casing enclosing an annular brush screen 12.
The member 10 comprises an annular frusto-conical disc 1 5 the outer periphery of which is formed with an annular flange 16 extending axially in the direction of the conical taper of the disc 1 5. The member 11 comprises a flat annular disc 1 7 the inner
periphery of which is formed with an annular
flange 18 extending axially in the direction
towards the member 10. The brush screen 1 2 comprises an outer ring 20 of shaped section
the trough of which faces radially inwards,
and a large number of resilient flexible bristle
like filaments 21 each having one end an
chored in the trough of the ring 20 and
extending radially inwards. The radially outer
ends of the filaments can conveniently be
embedded in adhesive or plastics material in
the trough of the ring 20.The outer ring 20
of the brush screen is a push fit in the bore
formed by the annular flange 1 6 on the
member 10, and the filaments 21 are of a
length such that the radially inner ends of the
filaments adjacent disc are in contact with the
radially outer surface of the flange 1 8. The
members 10, 11 are movable towards one
another in the axial direction to compress the
filaments of the brush screen transversely,
that is in the axial direction of the annular
brush screen.
In use, the sealing device is positioned
between the two relatively rotatable compo
nents to be sealed with one of the members
10, 11 mounted as a fluid tight fit on one of
the components and the other member
mounted as a fluid tight fit on the other
component. The two members 10, 11 are
arranged so that the filaments 21 are com
pressed between the two discs 15, 17, the
frusto-conical disc 1 5 of the member 10 caus
ing the filaments 21 to be deflected by ap
proximately 5 degrees in the direction towards
the flat disc 1 7 of the member 11.The
filaments are thus pressed against each other
and against the sealing surfaces formed by
the inside surfaces of the two discs so as to
provide in effect a labrinth seal of many
passageways of very small cross section be
tween the filaments and extending along a
major proportion of the length of the fila
ments.The sealing device thus provides an
effective barrier against passage of dust and
dirt, but nevertheless permits a very restricted
flow of air through the passageways between
the filaments and through the gaps between
the flange 1 6 and disc 1 7 and between the
flange 1 8 and disc 1 5. Upon relative rotation
between the two components, the brush
screen remains fast with the member 10 and
the filaments slide on the sealing surface
formed by the inside surface of disc 1 7. The member 10 and brush screen 1 2 may rotate
and the member 11 remain fixed, or alterna
tively the member 11 may rotate and the
member 10 together with the brush screen
remain fixed.
The radially inner free ends of the filaments
21 adjacent the frusto-conical disc 15 are in
sliding contact with the flange 18 and provide
a radial seal therewith. Due however to the
deflection of the filaments by the frusto-coni
cal disc 1 5 the free ends of the filaments adjacent the disc 1 7 are spaced a short distance from the flange 1 8. Also the lengths of the filaments are such that, when the filaments are in an undeflected position prior to fitting of the brush screen in the member 10, the bore in the brush screen formed by the inner ends of the filaments is flared outwards in the direction towards the side which is adjacent the disc 1 7 in the sealing device, so as to ensure that the free ends of the filaments adjacent the disc 1 7 are spaced from the flange 18. There is thus no risk of the free ends of the filaments becoming jammed in the corner between the disc 1 7 and flange 1 8 of the member 11.
Fig. 4 shows the sealing device of Figs.
1-3 providing a seal for a bearing 25 rotatably supporting a rotor 26 on a shaft 27. The member 10 is a push fit within the bore 28 of the rotor and abuts against the outer ring 29 of the bearing. The member 11 is a push fit on the shaft with its flange 1 8 abutting the inner ring 30 of the bearing. The bearing is a single-row deep-groove bearing in which the inner and outer rings 29, 30 are axially located relative to one another, so that the members 10, 11 which abutthe rings 29, 30 are also axially located relative to one another.
Fig. 5 and 6 show arrangements similar to that of Fig. 4 and like parts are denoted by like reference numerals. In Fig. 5 the disc portions of both members are frusto-conical, and the member 11 is formed with a longer axial flange 36 than the flange 18 shown in the sealing device of Fig. 4, the flange 36 projecting axially beyond the member 10 and projecting through the bore of the inner ring of the bearing. This arrangement has the advantage that the bearing assists in locating the member 11 on the shaft and thereby maintains the compression of the filaments. In the arrangement of Fig. 6, the flange 36 is formed with one or more tongues 37 arranged to abut the inner ring of the bearing when the member 10 abuts the outer ring, thereby regulating the degree of compression of the filaments of the brush screen.
Figs. 7, 8 and 9 show arrangements similar to those of Figs. 4-6 and like parts are denoted buy like reference numerals. In Fig. 7 the sealing device comprises a member 10 made of sheet metal and a brush screen 1 2 similar to those of Figs. 5 and 6, but the other member 40 of the sealing device is made of plastics material and comprises a flat annular disc 41 the inner periphery of which is formed with an annular flange 42 which extends through the bore of the inner ring of the bearing. The inboard side of the bearing is sealed by a plastics ring 43 which is clamped between the outer ring of the bearing and a step 44 in the bore in the rotor, the flange 42 extending through the bore in the ring 43.
The flange 42 is formed with a step 45 which abuts the inner ring of the bearing, and the free end of the flange 42 is formed with a lip 46 arranged to hold together the bearing, sealing device and the ring 43 as a selfcontained unit prior to fitting of the unit on the rotor and shaft.
The arrangement of Fig. 8 is similar to that of Fig. 7 except that the member 10 of the sealing device is replaced by a member 50 made of palstics material and the disc portion of member 40 is frusto-conical. The arrangement of Fig. 9 is similar to that of Fig. 8 except that the plastics member 40 of the sealing device is replaced by a member 51 of sheet metal and a plastics ring 52 is clamped between the member 51 and the inner ring of the bearing and thereby axially locates the member 51 relative to the bearing.
The bearing assembly of Fig. 10 comprises a ball bearing mounted on the centre portion of a tubular holder 55, and two sealing devices 56 arranged one on each end of the tubular holder. Each sealing device is similar to that of Figs. 1-3 except that the member formed with the outer flange is made of plastics material and the disc-shaped portion of the member formed with the inner flange is frusto-conical. The ends of the tubular holder are flared and engage against the walls of the members formed with the inner flanges so as to hold these flanges in abutting contact with the inner ring of the bearing.
The bearing assembly of Fig. 11 is similar to that of Fig. 10, except that the two members 60, 61 of each sealing device and the tubular holder 62 are made of plastics material, and the sealing surfaces of the members lie in radial planes. The members 61 are a snap fit on the ends of the holder 62.
The sealing device of Fig. 1 2 comprises two annular members 65, 66 which enclose a brush screen 67 in which the filaments project radially outwards instead of radially inwards as in the sealing devices of Figs. 1-11.
The brush screen 67 comprises a ring 68 of channel shaped section the trough of which faces radially outwards, the filaments having their radially inner ends embedded in adhesive or plastics material in the trough of the ring 68.
Claims (22)
1. A seal between two relatively rotatable components, comprising an annular brush screen having the filaments thereof compressed transversely between two annular sealing surfaces on the components.
2. A sealing device for providing a seal between two relatively rotatable components, comprising two co-axial members and an annular brush screen disposed between the two members and in contact with annular sealing surfaces on the members, the filaments of the brush screen being arranged to be compressed transversely between the two annular sealing surfaces upon relative axial movement of the members towards one another.
3. A sealing device as claimed in claim 2, wherein one of the members comprises an annular disc formed with an outer flange which surrounds the annular brush screen, and the other member comprises an annular disc formed with an inner flange which projects through the bore of the annular brush screen, the two members co-operating to form a casing which substantially encloses and protects the brush screen.
4. A sealing device as claimed in claim 3, wherein the brush screen comprises a ring and filaments projecting radially inwards from the inner periphery of the ring, the ring being mounted in the bore formed by the outer flange.
5. A sealing device as claimed in claim 3, wherein the brush screen comprises a ring and filaments projecting radially outwards from the outer periphery of the ring, the ring being mounted on the inner flange.
6. A sealing device as claimed in claim 4, wherein the bore in the brush screen formed by the inner ends of the filaments is flared radially outwards in the direction towards the member formed with the inner flange.
7. A sealing device as claimed in any of claims 2-5, wherein one of the annular sealing surfaces is frusto-conical and deflects the filaments of the brush screen towards the other sealing surface.
8. A sealing device as claimed in any of claims 2-5, wherein both the annular sealing surfaces are frusto-conical.
9. A sealing device as claimed in any of claims 2-8, wherein the brush screen is mounted on a first of said members for rotation therewith, and the free ends of the filaments are in sliding contact with another annular sealing surface on the second member so as to provide both axial sealing and radial sealing between the two members.
10. A sealing device as claimed in any of claims 2-9 and providing a seal between two components rotatable relative to one another by a bearing, wherein one of the members of the sealing device is fast with one of the components, the other member of the sealing device is fast with the other component, and the two members are arranged so that the filaments of the brush screen are compressed transversely between the two members.
11. A sealing device as claimed in claim 10 in which the bearing comprises two bearing rings rotatable relative to each other by rolling elements disposed between the two rings and locating the rings axially relative to one another, wherein one of the members of the sealing device abuts one of the bearing rings, and the other member of the sealing device abuts the other bearing ring.
1 2. A bearing assembly comprising a bearing fitted with a sealing device as claimed in any of claims 2-9, in which the bearing comprises inner and outer bearing rings rotatable relative to each other by rolling elements disposed between the two rings and locating the rings axially relative to one another, wherein one of the bearing rings is mounted on one of the members of the sealing device, the other bearing ring is in abutting contact with the other member of the sealing device, and the filaments of the brush screen are compressed between the two members.
1 3. A bearing assembly as claimed in claim 12, in which one of the members of the sealing device comprises an annular disc formed with an outer flange which surrounds the annular brush screen, and the other member comprises an annular disc formed with an inner flange which projects through the bore of the annular brush screen, the two members co-operating to form a casing which substantially encloses and protects the brush screen, wherein the inner bearing ring is mounted on the inner flange of the sealing device, the outer bearing ring is in, abutting contact with the member having the outer flange, and the filaments of the brush screen are compressed transversely between the two annular discs of the sealing device.
14. A bearing assembly as claimed in claim 13, wherein the inner flange is formed with an abutment which abuts a side wall of the inner bearing ring.
1 5. A bearing assembly as claimed in claim 14, wherein a part of the inner flange is stamped out of the remainder of the flange to form said abutment.
16. A bearing assembly as claimed in claim 14, wherein said other member of the sealing device is formed of plastics material, and the inner flange is formed with a step which abuts a side edge of the inner bearing ring.
1 7. A bearing as claimed in any of claims 13-16, wherein the sealing device includes a ring mounted on the inner flange and clamped between the inner bearing ring and the annular disc formed with the inner flange.
18. A bearing assembly comprising a bearing fitted with two sealing devices as claimed in any of claims 2-9 and arranged one on each side of the bearing unit, wherein the bearing comprises inner and outer bearing rings rotatable relative to each other by rolling elements between the two rings, one member of each sealing device comprises an annular disc formed with an outer flange which surrounds the associated annular brush screen, and the other member of each sealing device comprises an annular disc formed with an inner flange which projects through the bore of the associated brush screen, the two members of each sealing device co-operating to form a casing which substantially encloses and protects the associated brush screen, the annular discs formed with the outer flanges of the two sealing devices are in autting contact with opposite sides respectively of the outer bearing ring, the inner bearing ring is mounted on the central portion of a tubular holder, the inner flanges of the two sealing devices are mounted on opposite ends respectively of said holder and in abutting contact with opposite sides of the inner bearing ring, and the filaments of the brush screens are compressed transversely between the two annular discs of the respective sealing devices.
19. A bearing assembly as claimed in claim 18, wherein the ends of the tubular holder are splayed radially outwards and lock the inner flanges of the two sealing devices in abutting contact with opposite sides of the inner bearing ring.
20. A bearing assembly as claimed in claim 18, wherein the holder is formed of plastics material and the sealing devices are a snap fit on the ends of the holder.
21. A bearing assembly as claimed in any of claims 12-20, wherein one or both of the members of the or each sealing device is formed of plastics material.
22. A bearing provided with a sealing device substantially as hereinbefore described with reference to any of the accompanying drawings.
Priority Applications (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
GB08317125A GB2123099B (en) | 1982-06-30 | 1983-06-23 | Improvements in seals for bearings |
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
GB8218865 | 1982-06-30 | ||
GB08317125A GB2123099B (en) | 1982-06-30 | 1983-06-23 | Improvements in seals for bearings |
Publications (3)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
GB8317125D0 GB8317125D0 (en) | 1983-07-27 |
GB2123099A true GB2123099A (en) | 1984-01-25 |
GB2123099B GB2123099B (en) | 1986-04-03 |
Family
ID=26283229
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
GB08317125A Expired GB2123099B (en) | 1982-06-30 | 1983-06-23 | Improvements in seals for bearings |
Country Status (1)
Country | Link |
---|---|
GB (1) | GB2123099B (en) |
Cited By (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
EP0199322A1 (en) * | 1985-04-20 | 1986-10-29 | Mtu Motoren- Und Turbinen-Union MàNchen Gmbh | Brush seal |
WO1990014535A1 (en) * | 1989-05-20 | 1990-11-29 | Robert Bosch Gmbh | Portable tool comprising a drive housing with packing ring |
Citations (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
GB2076935A (en) * | 1980-05-31 | 1981-12-09 | Rolls Royce | Seals |
-
1983
- 1983-06-23 GB GB08317125A patent/GB2123099B/en not_active Expired
Patent Citations (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
GB2076935A (en) * | 1980-05-31 | 1981-12-09 | Rolls Royce | Seals |
Cited By (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
EP0199322A1 (en) * | 1985-04-20 | 1986-10-29 | Mtu Motoren- Und Turbinen-Union MàNchen Gmbh | Brush seal |
WO1990014535A1 (en) * | 1989-05-20 | 1990-11-29 | Robert Bosch Gmbh | Portable tool comprising a drive housing with packing ring |
US5251406A (en) * | 1989-05-20 | 1993-10-12 | Robert Bosch Gmbh | Power hand tool with a gearbox casing with sealing washer |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
GB2123099B (en) | 1986-04-03 |
GB8317125D0 (en) | 1983-07-27 |
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Legal Events
Date | Code | Title | Description |
---|---|---|---|
PCNP | Patent ceased through non-payment of renewal fee |
Effective date: 19930623 |