GB2074399A - Electrical conductors - Google Patents

Abstract

A flat electrical cable (1) is provided with connecting pins (5) by forming a compacted upstanding fold along its length, and by securing this fold by means of a reinforcing strip (6) bonded to and bridging the conductor's insulation. The reinforcing strip may have pegs (7) which pass between the pins (5). The connecting pins can be connected to leads (16) by solder-containing heat-shrunk connecting sleeves (15). <IMAGE>

Description

SPECIFICATION Flat cable tees The present invention relates to a flat insulated electrical cable, which term includes flexible printed circuitry, and more specifically systems provided with at least one connector to permit a branch lead to be connected thereto.

The expression "flat cable" is employed in a broad sense to include, inter alia, any conductor comprising a plurality of conducting elements embedded in an insulation and generally aligned in a single plane. The conducting elements will generally be flat, but this is not necessarily so. The expression covers not only such cables whose major surfaces are truly flat, but also so-called "ribbon-cables" whose major surfaces are corrugated due to the variance in thickness between the insulative webbing separating individual conductors and that immediately adjacent the individual conductors. The conducting elements may be solid or stranded and may be of the same of different configuration to that of the overall cable. Also included are single conducting elements in flat insulation.

Whilst means are available to enable a branch lead to be connected to at least one conductor of a flat multi-conductor electrical interconnection system such as a flexible printed circuit or other system referred to herein as a flat-cable (e.g. at least one tract of a flexible printed circuit board) in general, such means are bulky as in the case of some insulation displacement devices, or often they do not permit a detachable connected to be made and/or they require a high degree of skill to install, e.g. soldering or welding techniques.

The present invention can provide a flat cable, which is detachably connectable to at least one branch-off lead with the minimum of skill and without the need for bulky connectors.

Accordingly, the present invention provides an electrical interconnection arrangement comprising a flat cable having at least one region formed into an upstanding fold to provide at least one connecting pin, and reinforcing means bonded to respective portions of the cable insulation on each side of the fold thereby to secure said portions in fixed spatial relationship to each other.

The invention also provides a plug-andsocket assembly comprising the interconnection arrangement of the invention and a socket which mates with the pins.

The invention further provides a method of forming a connection pin in a flat electrical cable intermediate its ends, which comprises producing an upstanding fold in the cable to provide the pin, and bonding reinforcing means to respective portions of the fold thereby to secure said portions in fixed spatial relationship to each other.

Preferably the webbing or other insulation over at least part of the fold is removed to expose the conducting element or elements to be connected. More preferably the insulation is removed completely over the length of at least one element of the fold, to expose at least one folded element in the form of an upstanding and laminated connector pin. Alternatively, the flat cable could be produced with suitable regions bare of insulation.

The reinforcing means may take the form of a strip, preferably polymeric, bonded to either side of the conductor and bridging the fold.

Preferably the reinforcing means is bonded to that side of the conductor remote from the upstanding fold which is bridged, electrically to protect and to insulate the reverse side of the fold and also to enable the pins to be as short and therefore as rigid as desirable. Preferably the reinforcing means when polymeric is bonded to the insulation of the cable by welding (for example ultrasonic) or by similar techniques. Alternatively an adhesive may be employed, or the reinforcing means may be moulded on to, or integrally with, the cable.

In one preferred form of the invention, the insulation is completely removed over the length of all of the conducting elements of the fold and a reinforcing strip is bonded to that side of the cable remote from the fold. In such preferred form, the reinforcing strip is also provided with a plurality of, preferably substantially rigid, upstanding pegs each of which passes adjacent the bared conducting elements of the fold to engage complimentary bores or recesses in a socket properly to locate the socket or to provide polarization of the connection.

Preferably, the reinforcing means is provided with a spacer on that side thereof remote from the fold to space the cable away from a surface on which it rests.

The spacer could be employed to advantage to enable another flat cable to be run along the first cable, in stacked relationship therewith. To this end, the spacing means is conveniently designated positively to locate the other cable laterally thereof to prevent its lateral displacement. In a particularly preferred form, the spacer is designed to provide "snap fit" location of the other cable.

The cable may be provided with a securing member having a hole therein through which the upstanding fold passes, the hole being small enouth to maintain the fold in a desired configuration. Since tension in the conductor would tend to open the fold and force the securing member upwards off the fold, the securing member can be a snap fit in position.

This can be arranged by providing a projection or recess in the securing member and respectively a recess or projection on the upstanding fold.

Whilst the invention is applicable to any suitable type of cable, of particular interest are flat multi-conductor cables especially those provided with flat conducting elements, i.e. of rectangular cross-section.

The present invention also provides a plugand-socket assembly, comprising a flat cable, as hereinbefore described, provided with a female socket component detachably connectable to the cable. Such female component preferably comprises a polymmeric housing pro vided with at least one socket contact adapted detachably to engage and to make electrical contact with at least one pin of the cable.

Preferably the or each socket connector is in the form of a metal stem having a bifurcated end located in the polymeric housing by snap or other interference fit, the stem of the socket connector passing through the end of the polymeric housing and acting as an electrical terminal for connection to a branch lead.

Preferably the or each socket connector is connected to a branch lead using a heatshrinkable solder-containing connector sleeve as described in UK Patent No. 1,062,043 and commercially available from Raychem Limited, under the trade mark "Solder Sleeve".

One embodiment of the invention will now be described by way of example with reference to the accompanying drawings wherein: Figure 1 is a schematic perspective view of a flat cable a region of the insulation of which has been bared to expose the conducting elements, Figure 2 is a schematic perspective view of the cable of Fig. 1 wherein the stripped region has been deformed into a compacted upstanding fold, Figure 3 is a schematic perspective view of the cable of Fig. 2 including a reinforcing means to maintain the integrity of the upstanding fold to provide the male component of a plug-and-socket assembly, Figure 4 is a section through the cable of Fig. 3 showing in section a female component of a plug-in-socket assembly suitable for use with the male component of Fig. 3, Figure 5 is a schematic exploded view of the cable of Fig. 3 illustrating the installation of the female component of Fig. 4, Figure 6 shows an alternative reinforced means, on the side of the cable above the fold; and Figure 7 is an end elevation taken in direction A of Fig. 6.

With specific reference to Fig. 5, a flat cable 1 is depicted, each conducting element 2 of which is provided with a branch off lead 1 6 by means of a socket 1 0. The plug-andsocket assembly therefore comprises a detachable socket or female component 1 2 shown in detail in Fig. 4 and a male component integrally formed in the cable 1.

The male component of the plug-and-socket assembly is formed in the cable 1 in accordance with the sequence depicted in Figs. 1, 2 and 3. As shown in Fig. 1, a region 3 of the insulation of the flat cable 1 is removed by e.g., an abrasion or pyrolysis technique, to expose the bared conducting elements 2. The region 3 stripped of its insulation may be profiled to provide recesses 4 extending longitudinally along the cable. The elements 2 in the stripped region 3 of the cable are then deformed to provide an upstanding and optionally compacted fold as shown in Fig. 2, the elements 2 in the region of the fold taking the form of a plurality of upstanding and laminated connector pins 5. As shown in Fig.

3, on the side of the cable remote from the pins 5, a polymeric (for example cross-linked polyvinylidene fluoride) reinforcing strip is disposed, the reinforcing strip 6 having two upstanding locating pegs 7 (preferably substantially rigid) which pass through the adjacent recesses 4 in the insulation. These pegs can have many functions, for example insulation protection, guiding, or polarization which would prevent the pins being connected to a socket the wrong way around. The pins themselves could be arranged to prevent incorrect connection. The reinforcing strip is bonded to the insulation at the foot of the fold by, for example, an ultrasonic welding technique to bridge the foot and maintain the integrity of the fold. The reinforcing strip is also provided with a pair of spacers 8 one on each side thereof, each of which is in the form of a resilient bow.Such spacers 8 serve to space the cable 1 away from a supporting surface to allow the cable to be stacked upon a run of a second cable, the pair of spacers 8 being optionally so spaced as to serve to locate the second cable laterally thereof. Each of the spacers 8 is also provided with a laterally inwardly extending nose 8a so as to provide a snap fit or other interference fit with said second cable.

The female component 1 2 of the connector assembly 10 depicted in Figs. 4 and 5, comprises a polymeric (for example cross-linked polyvinylidene fluoride) housing provided with three tinned-copper or other socket contacts 1 3 which can electrically engage the pins 5 formed by the folded upstanding elements on installation. Each socket contact 1 3 comprises a stem portion 1 3a with a bifurcated end 1 3b, said bifurcated end 1 3b preferably acting as resistent jaws detachably to engage the connector pins 5 on assembly. The stem portion 1 3a of each socket connector 1 3 passes though the closed end of the housing 10 to act as a terminal enabling connection to a branch lead 1 6. The terminals 1 3a are conveniently connected to branch off leads using heat-shrinkable solder-containing polymeric sleeves 15 commercially available from Raychem Limited, under the trade mark "Solder Sleeve". The female component 1 2 is also provided with recesses 1 4 disposed in register with and of complimentary shape to the locating pegs 7 on the reinforcing strip 6. The recesses 14 co-operate with the pegs 7 on assembly for example to reduce the physical stress on the contact pins 5.

As will be apparent from Fig. 5, installation of a branch lead on a flat cable is very simply and rapidly accomplished by means of the plug-and-socket assembly described. Moreover it will be apparent that such an installation is readily detachable and in addition occupies the minimum of space, features which are particularly important in electronic applications where circuits need to be disconnected and where space is at a premium. As will be appreciated especially when compared to insulation displacement devices which pierce the insulation and bite into the conductors, or crimping, soldering or welding methods, there is no change in the cross-section of the conducting elements nor a reduction in insulation path between the elements over the connector region, i.e. there are no deleterious effect on electrical properties in this region of the cable.

An alternative (or additional) reinforcing means is shown in Figs. 6 and 7. A flat cable 1 is formed into an upstanding fold 5. Reinforcing means 1 7 is a generally rectangular block having an elongate hole or a series of holes through which the folds 5 can pass. The reinforcing means 1 7 also provides upstanding pegs 20, which can serve to protect the folds 5, or which can be used to guide or to polarize a socket which mates with the folds.

Catches 1 8 or 1 9 may be provided to give an interference or snap fit to such a socket.

Claims (28)

1. An electrical interconnection arrangement comprising a flat cable having at least one region formed into an upstanding fold to provide at least one connecting pin, and reinforcing means bonded to respective portions of the cable insulation on each side of the fold thereby to secure said portions in fixed spatial relationship to each other.

2. An interconnection arrangement according to Claim 1, in which the or each upstanding fold of the cable is substantially completely stripped of insulation.

3. An interconnection arrangement according to Claim 2, in which conducting elements of the cable forming the or each fold are pressed into contact with each other.

4. An interconnection arrangement according Claim 1, 2 or 3, in which the cable is a multi-conductor cable, conducting elements of which form a group of transversely adjacent pins at the or each fold.

5. An interconnection arrangement according to any preceding claim, in which the reinforcing means comprises a generally planar member that is located on and bonded to one side only of the cable insulation.

6. An interconnection arrangement according to Claim 5, in which the reinforcing means comprises a strip of polymeric material.

7. An interconnection arrangement according to Claim 6, in which the polymeric material is a cross-linked polyvinylidene fluoride.

8. An interconnection arrangement according to any preceding claim, in which the reinforcing means is bonded to the cable by an adhesive, by welding or by being moulded therewith.

9. An interconnecting arrangement according to any preceding claim, in which the cable has more than one conducting element and the reinforcing means provides at least one substantially rigid upstanding peg that passes through the cable adjacent the conducting elements.

1 0. An interconnecting arrangement according to Claim 5, in which the reinforcing means is bonded to the side of the cable remote from the upstanding fold.

11. An interconnecting arrangement according to Claim 10, in which the reinforcing strip has a spacer on its side remote from the fold, which can hold the cable away from a surface on which it rests.

1 2. An interconnecting arrangement according to Claim 11, in which the spacer comprises two resilient bows running parallel to the cable along opposite side thereof.

1 3. An interconnecting arrangement according to Claim 12, in which the bows are sufficiently spaced apart from one another that the gap between them can accommodate in snap-fitting relationship an identical or similar cable.

1 4. An interconnection arrangement according to any preceding claim, in which the reinforcing means comprises means for securing the cable to a support.

1 5. An interconnection arrangement according to any preceding claim, in which the reinforcing means comprises means for securing to the cable connecting means for the pin or pins.

1 6. An interconnection arrangement substantially as herein described with reference to any of the accompanying drawings.

17. A plug-and-socket assembly comprising an interconnection arrangement according to any preceding claim, and a socket for mating with the pin or with at least one of the pins.

18. An assembly according to Claim 17, in which the socket comprises a polymeric housing and at least one socket contact for mating with a pin of the cable.

19. An assembly according to Claim 18, in which the or each socket contact has a metal stem with a bifurcated end, retained in the housing by snap fit.

20. An assembly according to Claim 19, in which the or each stem passes through the housing to provide the socket with one or more external terminals.

21. An assembly according to Claim 20, in which the or each external terminal is connected to a lead by a heat-shrunk soldercontaining connecting sleeve.

22. An assembly according to any of Claims 17-21, in which the reinforcing means provides at least one substantially rigid upstanding peg that passes through the cable adjacent the conducting elements, the peg engaging with the socket to provide strain relief for the electrical connection between pin and socket, or to provide protection, guiding, insulation or polarization to said electrical connection.

23. A plug-and-socket assembly substantially as herein described with reference to Fig. 4 or 5 of the accompanying drawings.

24. A method of forming a connection pin in a flat electrical cable intermediate its ends, which comprises producing an upstanding fold in the cable to provide the pin, and bonding reinforcing means to respective portions of the fold thereby to secure said portions in fixed spatial relationship to each other.

25. A method according to Claim 24, in which bonding is carried out by adhesive, by welding or by moulding the reinforcing means with the cable.

26. A method according to Claim 24 or 25, in which insulation is removed from the cable to form the pins by abrasion or by pyrolysis.

27. A method of forming a connection pin in a flat electrical cable substantially as herein described with reference to any of the accompanying drawings.

28. A flat electrical cable, having a pin formed by a method according to any of Claims 24-27.