GB2066360A - Control of purging of fuel vapour storing containers - Google Patents
Control of purging of fuel vapour storing containers Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- GB2066360A GB2066360A GB8041334A GB8041334A GB2066360A GB 2066360 A GB2066360 A GB 2066360A GB 8041334 A GB8041334 A GB 8041334A GB 8041334 A GB8041334 A GB 8041334A GB 2066360 A GB2066360 A GB 2066360A
- Authority
- GB
- United Kingdom
- Prior art keywords
- purge
- vapour
- carburetor
- canister
- fuel
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Withdrawn
Links
Classifications
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
- F02M25/00—Engine-pertinent apparatus for adding non-fuel substances or small quantities of secondary fuel to combustion-air, main fuel or fuel-air mixture
- F02M25/08—Engine-pertinent apparatus for adding non-fuel substances or small quantities of secondary fuel to combustion-air, main fuel or fuel-air mixture adding fuel vapours drawn from engine fuel reservoir
- F02M25/0836—Arrangement of valves controlling the admission of fuel vapour to an engine, e.g. valve being disposed between fuel tank or absorption canister and intake manifold
Description
1
GB 2 066 360 A 1
SPECIFICATION
Proportional flow fuel vapour purge control device
' This invention relates in general to an 5 automotive type internal combustion engine and more particularly to a control device for variable • controlling the purge of fuel vapours from a conventional carbon canister back into the engine.
Carbon canister storage systems are known for 10 storing fuel vapours emitted from an automotive type fuel tank or carburetor float bowl or other similar fuel reservoir, to prevent emission into the atmosphere of fuel evaporative components. These systems usually consist of a canister 1 5 containing carbon with an inlet from the fuel tank or other reservoir so that when the fuel vapourises under a hot soak, the vapours will flow either by gravity or under vapour pressure into the canister to be absorbed by the carbon therein and stored. 20 Subsequently, in most instances, a purge line connected from the canister outlet to the carburetor or engine intake manifold purges the stored vapours into the engine during engine operation in response to the manifold vacuum 25 signals therein. The canister contains a purge fresh air inlet to cause a sweep of the air across the carbon particles to thereby desorb the carbon of the fuel vapours.
In most instances, a purge or nonpurge of 30 vapours is an on/off type proposition. That is,
either the purge flow is total or zero. For example, U.S. 3,831,353, Toth, fuel vapour control device, shows a fuel evaporative control system and associated canister for storing fuel vapours and 35 subsequently purging them back into the engine air cleaner. However, there is no control valve mechanism to vary the quantity of purge flow. As soon as the throttle valve is open, the fuel vapours are purged continuously at essentially a constant 40 rate into the manifold.
According to the present invention there is provided a fuel vapour purge control device for use with an internal combustion engine having a carburetor, a fuel vapour storage canister having a 45 purge air inlet, a vapour inlet and a purge outlet, passage means for directing fuel vapour to the canister for storage therein during engine shutdown, and vapour purge passage means connecting the outlet to the carburetor for purging 50 the vapour from the canister into the carburetor during engine operation, the purge device comprising:—
a variable area flow control means which is adapted to be positioned in the purge passage 55 means and which is movable to provide a purge , flow of vapours that varies in proportion to the flow of air through the induction passage.
This invention therefore permits a purge of fuel vapours at a rate that is proportional to air intake 60 flow into the engine to more accurately control the air/fuel ratio of the mixture passing into the engine.
The purge is preferably controlled by a vacuum servo mechanism connected to a valve member that is slidable across a metering slot to provide a variable flow area responsive to changes in engine intake manifold vacuum to accurately meter the re-entry of fuel vapours into the engine proportionate to engine airflow.
A preferred embodiment of the invention will now be described, by way of example only, with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which:—
Figure 1 schematically illustrates a fuel vapour loss control system embodying the invention;
Figures 2 and 3 are enlarged cross-sectional views of details of the system shown in Figure 1; and.
Figure 4 is a cross-sectional view taken on a plane indicated by and viewed in the direction of the arrows 4—4 of Figure 3.
Figure 1 illustrates schematically a typical fuel vapour loss control system for use with a motor vehicle power plant. It shows a conventional engine TO having mounted thereon a carburetor 12 with an induction passage 13 and a fuel or float bowl 14. the air taken into the carburetor and engine is filtered by a conventional air cleaner 16 having a suitable dry filter element such as, for example, of the pleated paper type. The flow of air is controlled by a throttle valve 17 rotatably mounted in the walls of the carburetor body.
The fuel vapour losss control system includes a vent line 18 connected at one end ot the vehicle fuel tank 20 and to a vapour storage canister 22 at the other end. As seen in Figure 2, the canister contains a quantity of activated charcoal 23 that will absorb and store fuel vapours. The vapours enter therein under slight pressure from the fuel tank when engine hot soak conditions occur.
The canister has a fresh air inlet 24 and a purge outlet tube or line 26. A hollow outer shell 30 closes the canister 22 at its upper end by means of a beaded cover member 32. The cover has an opening 34 in which tube 26 is fixed, an opening in which fresh air inlet tube 36 is fixed, connected to inlet 24, and a fuel opening 38 connected to line 18.
The interior of the shell 30 is partitioned into two end chambers 40 and 42 by a pair of annular steel perforated screen plates 44 and 46, the space between the screens being filled with activated charcoal or some other suitable vapour adsorbent 23. The two end chambers 40 and 42 constitute fluid distribution manifolds so that the fuel vapours and air will be evenly distributed over the entire end surfaces of the activated charcoal. If chambers 40 and 42 were not provided, then any flow of air down the fresh air tube 36 would tend to return along its outer diameter to soon saturate the adsorbent to a point where further flow of fuel vapours would cause a breakthrough without adsorption. That is, rather than spread laterally to pass through unsaturated adsorbent, the fuel vapours would pass in a shorter, easier path over the saturated elements and, therefore, fuel vapour would pass out into the atmosphere through the purge tube prior to the capacity of the adsorbent being utilized.
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GB 2 066 360 A 2
The fresh air tube 36 extends through cover 32, manifold 40 and both screens 44 and 46 into the opposite end chamber 42, with a suitable spacer element 48 on the end of the tube. A dust cap 49 covers the fresh air inlet end 24 of the tube, and a spring 50 located between screen 44 and the cover 32 biases the upper screen against the activated adsorbent to maintain it in place.
The canister is constructed as described above so that the fuel vapours forced into manifold 40 will pass through the activated charcoal and be adsorbed thereon. The connection of the fresh air to the end chamber 42 through tube 36, with the purge outlet 34 being at the opposite end chamber 40, forces, a flow of air through the charcoal from one end to the other during the purge operation when the engine is running, thereby desorbing the fuel vapours.
Completing the construction, a baffle member 52 is interposed in the upper manifold 40 between the vapour inlet 38 and the purge outlet 34 to positively prevent the escape of fuel vapours into the atmosphere without having first passed through and being adsorbed and stored by the activated charcoal elements.
The baffle 52 in this case consists of a compressible open cell, foam material of an essentially rectangular shape and has a central arcuate portion merely to avoid interference with spring 50. The open cell foam baffle has a very small porosity, which causes a high restriction to flow through it so that fuel vapour cannot freely flow through the baffle member and thereby bypass the charcoal elements during the purge or storage operations.
In operation, as thus far described, when the engine in Figure 1 is shut down and the fuel tank experiences a temperature gradient large enough to cause the evaporation of considerable fuel vapour from the tank, the fuel vapour under slight pressure will pass up into line 18 and into the canister inlet 38. At this time, fuel vapours will flow into the space between the baffle 52 and the end of chamber 40 and therefore be forced into the bed of activated charcoal 23 to be adsorbed thereon.
When the engine is again restarted, the intake manifold depression will under the conditions to be described, cause a flow of air through the fresh air inlet opening 24 and through the tube 36 to the bottom manifold 42. It will then flow upwardly towards the purge outlet 34 through the activated charcoal and thus desorb the charcoal of fuel vapours.
Turning now to the invention, the purge control line 26 contains a fuel vapour purge control device 60 for controlling the flow of purge vapour back into the engine. More particularly, referring to Figures 3 and 4, device 60 consists of a two-piece housing 62, 64 connected by any suitable means, not shown. A hollow interior of the housing is partitioned into an air chamber 66 and a vacuum chamber 68 by an annular flexible diaphragm 70. The diaphragm is edge mounted in the housing by being sandwiched between the two housing portions 62 and 64, as shown. The housing portion 62 includes a mounting flange 72 and a cylindrical or tubular central portion 74. The one end 76 of the tubular portion is adapted to slidably receive therein the metering end 79 of a piston , rod type metering valve 80. The opposite end of the valve 80 is integral with a piston shaped diaphragm and spring retainer 82.
The housing member 64 constitutes a cover and also defines a stop for the leftward movement of diaphragm 70 and piston member 82. A spring 84, seated between the inside of the piston member 82 and a portion of the housing 62 at the opposite end normally biases the diaphragm 70 and metering valve 80 to the position shown in Figure 3. An adjustment hole 86 is shown for receiving a bolt, screw or the like for varying the stopped position of metering valve 80. The cover 64 contains an opening 88 for venting the chamber 66 to ambient or atmospheric air. The rightward (as seen in Figure 3) end 78 of metering valve 80 is sealingly mounted in the bore of tube by a number of 0-rings.
As best seen in Figures 3 and 4, the rightward end of tube 74 (as seen in Figure 3) contains a conically shaped flow outlet 94 that tapers as shown to converge in a direction towards the open end of tube 74. The outlet is located in the wall 96 so as to be parallel with the direction of movement of the metering valve 80 so that longitudinal movement of the valve will thereby progressively open or close the conical slot 94 and thereby control flow from one side of the slot to the other, the housing portion 62 contains a projection type passage 98 extending from the wall portion containing the metering slot, and mounts a tube type adapter 100 connected to the purge line 26 shown in Figure 1. Thus, flow of purge air from the carbon canister flows in a direction through the metering slot at right angles to the direction of movement of the metering valve 80. This permits the metering valve to effectively variably close the metering slot by sliding across the face of the slot.
The open end of tube 74 is in this case adapted to be connected to a line 102 that is connected to the carburetor induction passage below the throttle valve or alternatively to the spacer between the carburetor and intake manifold to return the purged fuel vapours into the engine to be subsequently burned.
Completing the construction, the vacuum chamber 68 is also connected to the carburetor induction passage by a tube 104 at a point below the closed position of the throttle valve so as to be subject to the changing level of the intake manifold vacuum at all times.
In operation, therefore, when the engine is shut down for a period sufficient to provide a hot soak condition, fuel vapours generated in the fuel tank will cause a movement of them into the carbon canister 22 to be adsorbed by the carbon therein. When the engine is restarted, the intake manifold vacuum acting on the right end of tube 74 will initially attempt to cause a flow of fresh air through the canister inlet 24 and through the
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GB 2 066 360 A 3
charcoal to desorb the vapours therefrom into purge line 26. Simultaneously, the high intake manifold vacuum prevalent in the intake manifold and in purge valve chamber 68 will draw the 5 piston type metering valve 80 rightwardly as seen in Figure 3 its maximum extent to close off the conically shaped metering slot 94. Subsequently, , as the throttle is opened, the decrease in manifold vacuum will permit the force of spring 84 to move 10 the metering valve 80 leftwardly as seen in Figure 3 to progressively uncover the metering slot 94 and permit purge flow of fuel vapours into the engine. As will be seen, this will be proportionate to the flow rate of the air flowing into the 15 carburetor induction passage and thus the device will be seen as a proportional purge valve having a fuel vapour flow proportional to airflow through the engine.
From the foregoing, it will be seen that the 20 invention provides a fuel vapour purge control device that controls the flow of fuel vapour back into the engine in proportion to the amount of air flow into the engine, thus providing an accurate control of the air/fuel ratio of the mixture flow to 25 the engine. It will also be seen that the invention provides a purge control valve that is simple in construction and efficient in operation and economical to manufacture.
While the invention has been shown and 30 described in its preferred embodiment, it will be clear to those skilled in the arts to which it pertains that many changes and modifications may be made thereto.
Claims (8)
- 35 1. A fuel vapour purge control device for use with an internal combustion engine having a carburetor, a fuel vapour storage canister having a purge air inlet, a vapour inlet and a purge outlet, passage means for directing fuel vapour to the 40 canister for storage therein during engine shutdown, and vapour purge passage means connecting the outlet to the carburetor for purging the vapour from the canister into the carburetor during engine operation, the purge device 45 comprising:—a variable area flow control means which is adapted to be positioned in the purge passage means and which is movable to provide a purge flow of vapours that varies in proportion to the 50 flow of air through the induction passage.
- 2. A device as in Claim 1, including a valve member movable with respect to a tapered slot.
- 3. A device as in Claim 1, the control means including a conically shaped metering slot in the55 purge passage means, and a valve member movable across the slot to selectively and progressively block and unblock the slot opening to control the mass flow of vapours through the slot.60
- 4. A device as in Claim 3, including vacuum responsive servo means connected to the carburetor pressure port and to the valve member for variable moving it in response to opening of the throttle valve.65
- 5. A device as in Claim 3, including vacuum responsive servo means connected to the pressure port and to the valve member to vary the position of the valve member and the opening area of the slot in inverse proportion to the manifold vacuum 70 level.
- 6. A device as in Claim 4, including spring means biasing the valve member to a failsafe open position providing maximum flow through the metering slot.75
- 7. A fuel vapour purge control device substantially as hereinbefore described with reference to the drawings.
- 8. An internal combustion engine having a carburetor, a fuel vapour storage canister having a 80 purge air inlet, a vapour inlet and a purge outlet, passage means for directing fuel vapour to the canister for storage therein during engine shutdown, vapour purge passage means connecting the outlet to the carburetor for purging 85 vapour from the canister into the carburetor during engine operation, and a purge control device according to any one of Claims 1 to 7.Printed for Her Majesty's Stationery Office by the Courier Press, Leamington Spa, 1981. Published by the Patent Office, 25 Southampton Buildings, London, WC2A 1AY, from which copies may be obtained.
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
US06/107,991 US4326489A (en) | 1979-12-27 | 1979-12-27 | Proportional flow fuel vapor purge control device |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
GB2066360A true GB2066360A (en) | 1981-07-08 |
Family
ID=22319613
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
GB8041334A Withdrawn GB2066360A (en) | 1979-12-27 | 1980-12-29 | Control of purging of fuel vapour storing containers |
Country Status (4)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US4326489A (en) |
JP (1) | JPS56101051A (en) |
CA (1) | CA1151030A (en) |
GB (1) | GB2066360A (en) |
Cited By (5)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
EP0325698A2 (en) * | 1988-01-29 | 1989-08-02 | Firma Carl Freudenberg | Device for feeding measured quantities of volatile fuel components to the intake conduit of an internal-combustion engine |
EP0355976A1 (en) * | 1988-08-17 | 1990-02-28 | Ford Motor Company Limited | Fuel vapour recovery system |
EP0357882A2 (en) * | 1988-09-09 | 1990-03-14 | Firma Carl Freudenberg | Device for feeding measured quantities of volatile fuel components to the intake conduit of an internal-combustion engine |
US5216997A (en) * | 1991-08-23 | 1993-06-08 | Toyota Jidosha Kabushiki Kaisha | Fuel supply control device of an engine |
WO1997016640A1 (en) * | 1995-10-27 | 1997-05-09 | Robert Bosch Gmbh | Valve for dosed feeding of vaporised fuel from a fuel tank of an internal combustion engine |
Families Citing this family (34)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
JPS59213941A (en) * | 1983-05-19 | 1984-12-03 | Fuji Heavy Ind Ltd | Fuel evaporation gas suppressor |
US4783962A (en) * | 1985-01-18 | 1988-11-15 | General Motors Coporation | Brake booster vapor trap filter and fuel tank vapor trap canister vapor guard system |
DE3519475A1 (en) * | 1985-05-31 | 1986-12-04 | Robert Bosch Gmbh, 7000 Stuttgart | METHOD AND DEVICE FOR TANK VENTILATION CONTROL IN INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES |
JPH073211B2 (en) * | 1985-07-17 | 1995-01-18 | 日本電装株式会社 | Fuel evaporative emission control device |
US4664087A (en) * | 1985-07-19 | 1987-05-12 | Ford Motor Company | Variable rate purge control for refueling vapor recovery system |
US4677956A (en) * | 1985-07-19 | 1987-07-07 | Ford Motor Company | Solenoid duty cycle modulation for dynamic control of refueling vapor purge transient flow |
US4932386A (en) * | 1985-07-26 | 1990-06-12 | Honda Giken Kogyo Kabushiki Kaisha | Fuel-vapor purge and air-fuel ratio control for automotive engine |
US4653457A (en) * | 1986-03-21 | 1987-03-31 | General Motors Corporation | Air cleaner with crankcase breather assembly |
US4714485A (en) * | 1986-04-14 | 1987-12-22 | General Motors Corporation | Fuel vapor storage canister |
US4748959A (en) * | 1987-05-04 | 1988-06-07 | Ford Motor Company | Regulation of engine parameters in response to vapor recovery purge systems |
US4715340A (en) * | 1987-05-04 | 1987-12-29 | Ford Motor Company | Reduction of HC emissions for vapor recovery purge systems |
US4982715A (en) * | 1987-05-15 | 1991-01-08 | Foster Paul M | Supplemental fuel vapor system |
JPH0649887Y2 (en) * | 1988-08-11 | 1994-12-14 | トヨタ自動車株式会社 | Evaporative fuel discharge prevention device |
US5060620A (en) * | 1988-09-21 | 1991-10-29 | Ford Motor Company | Motor vehicle fuel vapor emission control assembly |
US5482024A (en) * | 1989-06-06 | 1996-01-09 | Elliott; Robert H. | Combustion enhancer |
US5323751A (en) * | 1990-07-13 | 1994-06-28 | Toyota Jidosha Kabushiki Kaisha | Device for controlling operation of fuel evaporative purge system of an internal combustion engine |
DE4027397C1 (en) * | 1990-08-30 | 1991-08-14 | Fa. Carl Freudenberg, 6940 Weinheim, De | |
US5119791A (en) * | 1991-06-07 | 1992-06-09 | General Motors Corporation | Vapor storage canister with liquid trap |
JPH0893560A (en) * | 1994-09-28 | 1996-04-09 | Honda Motor Co Ltd | Air vent device of carburetor |
US5630403A (en) * | 1996-06-13 | 1997-05-20 | Siemens Electric Limited | Force-balanced sonic flow emission control valve |
US6074462A (en) * | 1997-12-18 | 2000-06-13 | Alliedsignal Truck Brake Systems Co. | Air dryer reservoir module components |
USRE39467E1 (en) * | 1997-12-18 | 2007-01-16 | Bendix Commercial Vehicle Systems Llc | Air dryer reservoir module components |
US6205982B1 (en) | 1998-05-15 | 2001-03-27 | Chrysler Corporation | Proportional purge solenoid control system |
US20050043447A1 (en) * | 2003-04-16 | 2005-02-24 | Mayzo, Inc. | Beta nucleation concentrate |
WO2004094259A1 (en) * | 2003-04-16 | 2004-11-04 | Mayzo, Inc. | Extruded polypropylene sheets containing beta spherulites |
US20070172613A1 (en) * | 2004-08-17 | 2007-07-26 | Philip Jacoby | Beta-nucleation concentrates |
US20060177632A1 (en) * | 2005-02-08 | 2006-08-10 | Philip Jacoby | Beta-nucleation concentrates for film applications |
US7210466B1 (en) * | 2004-11-23 | 2007-05-01 | Walbro Engine Management, L.L.C. | Purge valve and vapor control system |
US9518538B2 (en) | 2012-10-05 | 2016-12-13 | Ford Global Technologies, Llc | Variable restriction fuel vapor canister |
EP2961993B1 (en) | 2013-03-01 | 2021-01-20 | DTI Motion Corp. | Piezoelectric valve based on linear actuator |
US9388774B2 (en) | 2013-03-01 | 2016-07-12 | Discovery Technology International, Inc. | Precision purge valve system with pressure assistance |
US9683525B2 (en) | 2014-09-11 | 2017-06-20 | Ford Global Technologies, Llc | Canister purge valve system |
US10364763B2 (en) | 2016-02-02 | 2019-07-30 | Ford Global Technologies, Llc | Systems and methods for limited emissions refueling |
WO2018150383A1 (en) * | 2017-02-20 | 2018-08-23 | Tvs Motor Company Limited | Carburetor for an internal combustion engine |
Family Cites Families (7)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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US15163A (en) * | 1856-06-24 | Saw fob sawing machinery | ||
US3831353A (en) * | 1972-10-04 | 1974-08-27 | Ford Motor Co | Fuel vapor control device |
US3913545A (en) * | 1973-04-04 | 1975-10-21 | Ford Motor Co | Evaporative emission system |
JPS59701B2 (en) * | 1976-10-15 | 1984-01-07 | トヨタ自動車株式会社 | Fuel evaporative gas emission control device |
JPS5382915A (en) * | 1976-12-28 | 1978-07-21 | Toyota Motor Corp | Controlle for supply of fuel evaporated gas for internal combustion engine |
JPS608337B2 (en) * | 1977-01-13 | 1985-03-02 | トヨタ自動車株式会社 | Fuel evaporation prevention device |
JPS6060031B2 (en) * | 1977-07-29 | 1985-12-27 | スズキ株式会社 | Vaporized fuel absorption control device |
-
1979
- 1979-12-27 US US06/107,991 patent/US4326489A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
-
1980
- 1980-09-09 CA CA000359894A patent/CA1151030A/en not_active Expired
- 1980-11-11 JP JP15776680A patent/JPS56101051A/en active Pending
- 1980-12-29 GB GB8041334A patent/GB2066360A/en not_active Withdrawn
Cited By (7)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
EP0325698A2 (en) * | 1988-01-29 | 1989-08-02 | Firma Carl Freudenberg | Device for feeding measured quantities of volatile fuel components to the intake conduit of an internal-combustion engine |
EP0325698A3 (en) * | 1988-01-29 | 1990-10-17 | Firma Carl Freudenberg | Device for feeding measured quantities of volatile fuel components to the intake conduit of an internal-combustion engine |
EP0355976A1 (en) * | 1988-08-17 | 1990-02-28 | Ford Motor Company Limited | Fuel vapour recovery system |
EP0357882A2 (en) * | 1988-09-09 | 1990-03-14 | Firma Carl Freudenberg | Device for feeding measured quantities of volatile fuel components to the intake conduit of an internal-combustion engine |
EP0357882A3 (en) * | 1988-09-09 | 1990-11-07 | Firma Carl Freudenberg | Device for feeding measured quantities of volatile fuel components to the intake conduit of an internal-combustion engine |
US5216997A (en) * | 1991-08-23 | 1993-06-08 | Toyota Jidosha Kabushiki Kaisha | Fuel supply control device of an engine |
WO1997016640A1 (en) * | 1995-10-27 | 1997-05-09 | Robert Bosch Gmbh | Valve for dosed feeding of vaporised fuel from a fuel tank of an internal combustion engine |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
CA1151030A (en) | 1983-08-02 |
JPS56101051A (en) | 1981-08-13 |
US4326489A (en) | 1982-04-27 |
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Legal Events
Date | Code | Title | Description |
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WAP | Application withdrawn, taken to be withdrawn or refused ** after publication under section 16(1) |