GB2035679A - High pressure metal vapour discharge lamps - Google Patents
High pressure metal vapour discharge lamps Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- GB2035679A GB2035679A GB7932259A GB7932259A GB2035679A GB 2035679 A GB2035679 A GB 2035679A GB 7932259 A GB7932259 A GB 7932259A GB 7932259 A GB7932259 A GB 7932259A GB 2035679 A GB2035679 A GB 2035679A
- Authority
- GB
- United Kingdom
- Prior art keywords
- discharge vessel
- pressure discharge
- discharge lamp
- vessel
- iodine
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Withdrawn
Links
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 6
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 6
- ZCYVEMRRCGMTRW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 7553-56-2 Chemical compound [I] ZCYVEMRRCGMTRW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 229910052740 iodine Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 239000011630 iodine Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 239000006096 absorbing agent Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 150000004694 iodide salts Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 238000011049 filling Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 150000004820 halides Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 229910001507 metal halide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 150000005309 metal halides Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- WKBOTKDWSSQWDR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Bromine atom Chemical compound [Br] WKBOTKDWSSQWDR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- GDTBXPJZTBHREO-UHFFFAOYSA-N bromine Substances BrBr GDTBXPJZTBHREO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 229910052794 bromium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 238000005530 etching Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 229910052736 halogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 150000002367 halogens Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- 150000001649 bromium compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract 2
- -1 tin halide Chemical class 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000011068 loading method Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910052708 sodium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000011734 sodium Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000005286 illumination Methods 0.000 description 5
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 229910052718 tin Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- ATJFFYVFTNAWJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Tin Chemical compound [Sn] ATJFFYVFTNAWJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 3
- FVAUCKIRQBBSSJ-UHFFFAOYSA-M sodium iodide Chemical compound [Na+].[I-] FVAUCKIRQBBSSJ-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 3
- XKRFYHLGVUSROY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Argon Chemical compound [Ar] XKRFYHLGVUSROY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000007792 addition Methods 0.000 description 2
- 150000003842 bromide salts Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 description 2
- PJXISJQVUVHSOJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N indium(III) oxide Inorganic materials [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[In+3].[In+3] PJXISJQVUVHSOJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- JHJLBTNAGRQEKS-UHFFFAOYSA-M sodium bromide Chemical compound [Na+].[Br-] JHJLBTNAGRQEKS-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 2
- DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M Ilexoside XXIX Chemical compound C[C@@H]1CC[C@@]2(CC[C@@]3(C(=CC[C@H]4[C@]3(CC[C@@H]5[C@@]4(CC[C@@H](C5(C)C)OS(=O)(=O)[O-])C)C)[C@@H]2[C@]1(C)O)C)C(=O)O[C@H]6[C@@H]([C@H]([C@@H]([C@H](O6)CO)O)O)O.[Na+] DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052786 argon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 125000001246 bromo group Chemical group Br* 0.000 description 1
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010304 firing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052738 indium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- APFVFJFRJDLVQX-UHFFFAOYSA-N indium atom Chemical compound [In] APFVFJFRJDLVQX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910003437 indium oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- QSHDDOUJBYECFT-UHFFFAOYSA-N mercury Chemical compound [Hg] QSHDDOUJBYECFT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052753 mercury Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010453 quartz Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000005855 radiation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 235000009518 sodium iodide Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229910052716 thallium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- BKVIYDNLLOSFOA-UHFFFAOYSA-N thallium Chemical compound [Tl] BKVIYDNLLOSFOA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01J—ELECTRIC DISCHARGE TUBES OR DISCHARGE LAMPS
- H01J61/00—Gas-discharge or vapour-discharge lamps
- H01J61/02—Details
- H01J61/04—Electrodes; Screens; Shields
- H01J61/10—Shields, screens, or guides for influencing the discharge
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01J—ELECTRIC DISCHARGE TUBES OR DISCHARGE LAMPS
- H01J61/00—Gas-discharge or vapour-discharge lamps
- H01J61/02—Details
- H01J61/12—Selection of substances for gas fillings; Specified operating pressure or temperature
- H01J61/125—Selection of substances for gas fillings; Specified operating pressure or temperature having an halogenide as principal component
Abstract
A high pressure discharge lamp comprises a light transmitting and high temperature resistant discharge vessel 2, electrodes 8,9 of a high melting point metal, a filling of a buffer gas and metal halide additives containing only iodides or iodides and bromides as the halide or iodine or iodine and bromine as the halogen, an outer bulb, 1a and heat absorbing agents 5 selected and arranged such that the lamp has an arc output of less than 100 W/cm. The heat absorbing agents may include at least two selected from a tube encircling the vessel 2, one or more infra-red reflecting layers, and etching or sanding of the surface of the vessel 2. <IMAGE>
Description
SPECIFICATION
A high-pressure discharge lamp
The invention relates to a high-pressure discharge lamp. One such lamp comprises a discharge vessel made from a material which allows the passage of light and is resistant to high temperature electrodes sealed into the discharge vessel and comprising a metal which is not easily melted and a filling which contains at least one buffer gas addition of metal halides, tin and sodium halide being amongst these, whereby the lamp contains either only iodides or iodides and bromides as its halides and iodine or iodine and bromine as the halogen.By this means a halogen metal vapour high-pressure discharge lamp can be achieved of high luminous efficiency, a colour temperature which is less than 3800 k, a good colour reproduction and a small output capacity of the lamp, an electrode stabilized arc with an electrode spacing of less than 20 mm, a specific arc power of up to 300 W/cm arc length, a wall loading capacity of up to 100 W/cm2, an operating pressure of up to 50 atmospheres and a discharge vessel which has an isothermal geometry.
The invention seeks to create lamps which have a good colour temperature and luminous efficiency when the output capacity is smaller than that of the known lamps.
According to the invention, there is provided a high-pressure discharge lamp having a light trans- mitting and high temperature resistant discharge vessel and electrodes sealed into the discharge vessel which comprise a light melting point metal and a filling which contains at least one buffer gas and additives of metal halides, containing only iodides or iodides and bromides as the halides and iodine or iodine and bromine as the halogen power wherein the lamp is provided with an outer bulb heat absorbing agents are so selected and arranged that the lamp provided has an arc length of less than 100
W/cm.
Preferably the halides includes tin halide and sodium halide. Thus a tube located between the discharge vessel and the outer bulb may be used as
a heat absorbing agent, the said tube surrounding the discharge vessel at a small spacing and preferably being open at its ends and comprising a material such as quartz glass or hardened glass which is capable of high thermal loading. It is advisable for at least two heat absorbing agents to
be used, such as a tube encircling the discharge vessel, an infra-red reflecting layer several infra-red
reflecting layers, or a surface of the discharge vessel treated on the outside by means of etching, sanding
etc. Thus two infra-red reflecting layers are valid as
these two heat-absorbing agents, whereby the re
flection characteristics of the two infra-red reflecting
layers does not have to be the same with respect to
its wavelength.The layers may be arranged directly
one above the other or on different surfaces where
by layers made from Sn-doped In203 or Si0-Ti02 have
proven to be suitable for this. The layers may be
arranged on the heat absorbing tube and/or on the
illumination sources and/or on the outer bulb.
Etching of the surface of the illumination source causes large paths of the radiation coming from the plasma to pass into the wall of the illumination source partially as a result of total reflection. The walls of the illumination source are heated up consequently by means of absorption and contribute therefore to the increase in vapour pressure. In the lamps present here, in which importance is placed on the increase in vapour pressure of the metal halide which is not easily vaporized and present partially as a condensate, such as sodium iodide and/or sodium bromide, the combination of the different heat absorbing measures causes all of the components of the filling which are important for the colour temperature, colour reproduction and luminous efficiency to vaporize in sufficient quantity out of the condensate.The heat absorbing measures which must of course be selected so that they do not involve too large a loss of luminous efficiency are particularly important for all lamps which have a small output capacity. Surprisingly it has been shown that it is possible in this way to obtain for the first time high-pressure discharge lamps with metal halide additions having an output capacity which is almost as small as desired (for example 50 W) which still have a light yield which is a multiple of that of incandescent lamps and yet have a low colour temperature (say 3000 to 3500 K). These convenient lamps - their size is comparable to that of an indandescent lamp facilitate increased use of highpressure lamps in the illumination of interiors.
The invention will now be described in greater detail by way of example, with reference to the drawings, in which:
Figure 1 shows a lamp in accordance with the invention with a heat-absorbing tube, and
Figure 2 shows a lamp with an etched discharge vessel surface and an infra-red reflecting layer on the outer bulb.
In Figure 1 a lamp is shown in which two shapes of outer bulb are indicated schematically. A reflector bulb provided with a mirror finish is indicated at la and an ellipsoid-shaped bulb is indicated at 1b which of these outer bulbs surrounds the discharge vessel 2 depends on the use to which the lamp is to be put.
The space between the discharge vessel and the outer bulb is preferably evacuated. A heat-absorbing tube 5 made from quartz or hardened glass is mounted by means of two wire brackets 3 and 4 between the outer bulb and the discharge vessel.
The discharge vessel 2 is made from quartz glass and is constructed isothermally. It is provided with mountings 6, 7 which are at the same time current supply lines to the electrodes 8, 9 spaced from each other by a distance of, for example, 10 mm. A heat-reflecting coating 10 of Zr02 for example, is applied to the ends of the discharge vessel 2. The filling of the discharge vessel 2, which has, for example, an inner diameter of 10 mm and a volume of approximately 1 cm3, comprises a firing gas, for example 30 to 40 Torr of argon and 6umol tin per cm3, 12 umol sodium, 0.6 umol thallium, 0.1 umol indium, 78 umol mercury, 30 umol iodine and bromine atoms. The atomic proportion between bromine and iodine is 0.7.The constructional data and the quantities of filling to be added apply to a lamp having an output capacity of 75 Wwhich is operated at 1.1 A on 220 V A.C. The loading capacity of the wall of the discharge vessel 2 is approximately 15 W/cm2 and the specific arc output is approximately 75 W/cm. the lamp has a pressure of approximately 15 atmospheres. With a lamp having a reflector bulb, the luminous efficiency is 50 to 60 1 m/W with a colour temperature less than or equal to 3500 K.
By etching the discharge vessel outer surface, a reduction in the colour temperature may be achieved of approximately 14%. The drop in the colour temperature achieved by applying an infrared reflecting layer to the heat-absorbing tube 5 is of the same order of magnitude.
In Figure 2, a discharge vessel 2, the outer surface 11 of which is etched, is surrounded by a narrow cylindrical outer bulb 12 made from quartz glass. An infra-red reflecting layer 13 made from indium oxide doped with tin is applied to the inner surface of the outer bulb. The space between the discharge vessel 2 and the outer bulb 12 is preferably evacuated.
Claims (6)
1. A high-pressure discharge lamp having a light transmitting and high temperature resistant discharge vessel and electrodes sealed into the discharge vessel which comprise a high melting point metal and a filling which contains at least one buffer gas and additives of metal halides, containing only iodides or iodides and bromides as the halides and iodine or iodine and bromine as the halogen power wherein the lamp is provided with an outer bulb and heat absorbing agents are so selected and arranged that the lamp provided has an arc length of less than 100 W/cm.
2. A high pressure discharge lamp according to claim 1, wherein the halides include tin halide and sodium halide.
3. A high-pressure discharge lamp according to claim 1 or 2, wherein a heat absorbing tube made from a material capable of high thermal loading is located between the discharge vessel and the outer bulb and encircles the discharge vessel at a small spacing therefrom.
4. A high-pressure discharge lamp according to claim 1 or 2, wherein at least two heat-absorbing agents are used simultaneously.
5. A high pressure discharge lamp according to claim 4, wherein the least absorbing agents include at least two selected from a tube encircling the discharge vessel, an infra-red reflecting layer, several infra-red reflecting layers, and the treatment of a surface of the discharge vessel by etching, sanding or the like.
6. A high pressure discharge lamp substantially as described herein with reference to the drawings.
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| DE19782840771 DE2840771A1 (en) | 1978-09-19 | 1978-09-19 | HIGH PRESSURE DISCHARGE LAMP WITH METAL HALOGENIDES |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| GB2035679A true GB2035679A (en) | 1980-06-18 |
Family
ID=6049862
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| GB7932259A Withdrawn GB2035679A (en) | 1978-09-19 | 1979-09-18 | High pressure metal vapour discharge lamps |
Country Status (5)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JPS5543794A (en) |
| DE (1) | DE2840771A1 (en) |
| FR (1) | FR2437063A2 (en) |
| GB (1) | GB2035679A (en) |
| IT (1) | IT1165228B (en) |
Cited By (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US4467238A (en) * | 1981-09-03 | 1984-08-21 | General Electric Company | High-pressure sodium lamp with improved IR reflector |
| US4499396A (en) * | 1982-08-18 | 1985-02-12 | Gte Products Corporation | Metal halide arc discharge lamp with means for suppressing convection currents within the outer envelope and methods of operating same |
| GB2143674A (en) * | 1983-06-14 | 1985-02-13 | Patent Treuhand Ges Fuer Elektrische Gluehlampen Mbh | High-pressure discharge lamp |
| US4580989A (en) * | 1982-08-18 | 1986-04-08 | Gte Products Corporation | Metal halide arc discharge lamp with means for suppressing convection currents within the outer envelope and methods of operating and constructing same |
| US4629929A (en) * | 1982-02-10 | 1986-12-16 | Mitsubishi Denki Kabushiki Kaisha | Metal vapor discharge lamp |
| US5646472A (en) * | 1994-05-12 | 1997-07-08 | Iwasaki Electric Co., Ltd. | Metal halide lamp |
| WO2005008720A3 (en) * | 2003-07-22 | 2005-05-19 | Philips Intellectual Property | High-pressure discharge lamp |
Families Citing this family (8)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| BR8205196A (en) * | 1981-09-03 | 1983-08-16 | Gen Electric | HIGH PRESSURE ALKALINE METAL LAMP WITH PERFECT EFFICACY |
| DD203430A1 (en) * | 1982-01-19 | 1983-10-19 | Kloss | ELECTRODE STABILIZED HIGH-PRESSURE DISCHARGE LAMP WITH LIGHTING ACCESSORIES |
| JPS60221949A (en) * | 1985-04-01 | 1985-11-06 | Hitachi Ltd | Metal halide lamp |
| US4791334A (en) * | 1987-05-07 | 1988-12-13 | Gte Products Corporation | Metal-halide lamp having heat redistribution means |
| DE8803881U1 (en) * | 1988-03-22 | 1988-05-11 | Patent-Treuhand-Gesellschaft Fuer Elektrische Gluehlampen Mbh, 8000 Muenchen, De | |
| EP0382516A3 (en) * | 1989-02-07 | 1991-05-02 | Toshiba Lighting & Technology Corporation | Metal halide lamp maintaining a high lumen maintenance factor over an extended operation period |
| EP0492726A1 (en) * | 1990-12-27 | 1992-07-01 | Koninklijke Philips Electronics N.V. | High pressure sodium reflector lamp |
| CN105240712B (en) * | 2015-11-06 | 2017-05-24 | 武汉九鼎光电子科技有限公司 | Floodlighting and spotlighting adjustable type combined light distributing lighting bulb and manufacturing method thereof |
Family Cites Families (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US2116720A (en) * | 1935-05-14 | 1938-05-10 | Gen Electric | Electric discharge device |
| BE623133A (en) * | 1961-10-04 | |||
| GB1541437A (en) * | 1975-02-13 | 1979-02-28 | Thorn Electrical Ind Ltd | Electrical discharge lamp |
| DE2619674C2 (en) * | 1976-05-04 | 1986-05-07 | Patent-Treuhand-Gesellschaft für elektrische Glühlampen mbH, 8000 München | Metal halide discharge lamp |
| DE2655167C2 (en) * | 1976-12-06 | 1986-12-18 | Patent-Treuhand-Gesellschaft für elektrische Glühlampen mbH, 8000 München | High pressure discharge lamp with metal halides |
-
1978
- 1978-09-19 DE DE19782840771 patent/DE2840771A1/en active Granted
-
1979
- 1979-09-05 FR FR7922188A patent/FR2437063A2/en active Granted
- 1979-09-18 JP JP11887479A patent/JPS5543794A/en active Pending
- 1979-09-18 GB GB7932259A patent/GB2035679A/en not_active Withdrawn
- 1979-09-18 IT IT68831/79A patent/IT1165228B/en active
Cited By (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US4467238A (en) * | 1981-09-03 | 1984-08-21 | General Electric Company | High-pressure sodium lamp with improved IR reflector |
| US4629929A (en) * | 1982-02-10 | 1986-12-16 | Mitsubishi Denki Kabushiki Kaisha | Metal vapor discharge lamp |
| US4499396A (en) * | 1982-08-18 | 1985-02-12 | Gte Products Corporation | Metal halide arc discharge lamp with means for suppressing convection currents within the outer envelope and methods of operating same |
| US4580989A (en) * | 1982-08-18 | 1986-04-08 | Gte Products Corporation | Metal halide arc discharge lamp with means for suppressing convection currents within the outer envelope and methods of operating and constructing same |
| GB2143674A (en) * | 1983-06-14 | 1985-02-13 | Patent Treuhand Ges Fuer Elektrische Gluehlampen Mbh | High-pressure discharge lamp |
| US5646472A (en) * | 1994-05-12 | 1997-07-08 | Iwasaki Electric Co., Ltd. | Metal halide lamp |
| WO2005008720A3 (en) * | 2003-07-22 | 2005-05-19 | Philips Intellectual Property | High-pressure discharge lamp |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| IT1165228B (en) | 1987-04-22 |
| IT7968831A0 (en) | 1979-09-18 |
| FR2437063B2 (en) | 1983-04-15 |
| DE2840771A1 (en) | 1980-03-27 |
| JPS5543794A (en) | 1980-03-27 |
| FR2437063A2 (en) | 1980-04-18 |
| DE2840771C2 (en) | 1988-03-24 |
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Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| WAP | Application withdrawn, taken to be withdrawn or refused ** after publication under section 16(1) |