GB2027375A - Self-lubricating mould for horizontal continuous casting - Google Patents
Self-lubricating mould for horizontal continuous casting Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- GB2027375A GB2027375A GB7924953A GB7924953A GB2027375A GB 2027375 A GB2027375 A GB 2027375A GB 7924953 A GB7924953 A GB 7924953A GB 7924953 A GB7924953 A GB 7924953A GB 2027375 A GB2027375 A GB 2027375A
- Authority
- GB
- United Kingdom
- Prior art keywords
- mold
- self
- graphite
- lubricating
- plated layer
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
- 238000009749 continuous casting Methods 0.000 title claims description 6
- 239000000314 lubricant Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 32
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 20
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- 229910002804 graphite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 239000010439 graphite Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- QLOAVXSYZAJECW-UHFFFAOYSA-N methane;molecular fluorine Chemical compound C.FF QLOAVXSYZAJECW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- CWQXQMHSOZUFJS-UHFFFAOYSA-N molybdenum disulfide Chemical compound S=[Mo]=S CWQXQMHSOZUFJS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 229910052759 nickel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 229910052804 chromium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 229910052582 BN Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- PZNSFCLAULLKQX-UHFFFAOYSA-N Boron nitride Chemical compound N#B PZNSFCLAULLKQX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 claims description 13
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 12
- 229910052961 molybdenite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910052982 molybdenum disulfide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910000990 Ni alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 claims 2
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 claims 1
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 238000007747 plating Methods 0.000 abstract description 17
- PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nickel Chemical compound [Ni] PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract description 12
- VYZAMTAEIAYCRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chromium Chemical compound [Cr] VYZAMTAEIAYCRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract 1
- 229910001096 P alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000011651 chromium Substances 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000010941 cobalt Substances 0.000 abstract 1
- 229910017052 cobalt Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract 1
- GUTLYIVDDKVIGB-UHFFFAOYSA-N cobalt atom Chemical compound [Co] GUTLYIVDDKVIGB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract 1
- OFNHPGDEEMZPFG-UHFFFAOYSA-N phosphanylidynenickel Chemical compound [P].[Ni] OFNHPGDEEMZPFG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract 1
- 238000005266 casting Methods 0.000 description 21
- 238000005461 lubrication Methods 0.000 description 10
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 9
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 description 9
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 description 9
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 7
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 description 7
- HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[Na+] HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 6
- 238000005406 washing Methods 0.000 description 6
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- KRHYYFGTRYWZRS-UHFFFAOYSA-M Fluoride anion Chemical compound [F-] KRHYYFGTRYWZRS-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 5
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 5
- 230000001050 lubricating effect Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000007864 aqueous solution Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000010355 oscillation Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000003973 paint Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229920000915 polyvinyl chloride Polymers 0.000 description 3
- 239000004800 polyvinyl chloride Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000004094 surface-active agent Substances 0.000 description 3
- VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrochloric acid Chemical compound Cl VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- CDBYLPFSWZWCQE-UHFFFAOYSA-L Sodium Carbonate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[O-]C([O-])=O CDBYLPFSWZWCQE-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfuric acid Chemical compound OS(O)(=O)=O QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- KGBXLFKZBHKPEV-UHFFFAOYSA-N boric acid Chemical compound OB(O)O KGBXLFKZBHKPEV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000004327 boric acid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000005238 degreasing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000012768 molten material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000007711 solidification Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000008023 solidification Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000003068 static effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229910000851 Alloy steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910000975 Carbon steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910000881 Cu alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- BWGNESOTFCXPMA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dihydrogen disulfide Chemical compound SS BWGNESOTFCXPMA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910018104 Ni-P Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910021586 Nickel(II) chloride Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910018536 Ni—P Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 235000019484 Rapeseed oil Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229910000589 SAE 304 stainless steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000004913 activation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000013019 agitation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 125000000129 anionic group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 235000012255 calcium oxide Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000010962 carbon steel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 125000002091 cationic group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- GVPFVAHMJGGAJG-UHFFFAOYSA-L cobalt dichloride Chemical compound [Cl-].[Cl-].[Co+2] GVPFVAHMJGGAJG-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 229910052681 coesite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000000498 cooling water Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005336 cracking Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052906 cristobalite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010687 lubricating oil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 1
- QMMRZOWCJAIUJA-UHFFFAOYSA-L nickel dichloride Chemical compound Cl[Ni]Cl QMMRZOWCJAIUJA-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- LGQLOGILCSXPEA-UHFFFAOYSA-L nickel sulfate Chemical compound [Ni+2].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O LGQLOGILCSXPEA-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 229910000363 nickel(II) sulfate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000002265 prevention Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000011819 refractory material Substances 0.000 description 1
- CVHZOJJKTDOEJC-UHFFFAOYSA-N saccharin Chemical compound C1=CC=C2C(=O)NS(=O)(=O)C2=C1 CVHZOJJKTDOEJC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229940081974 saccharin Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 235000019204 saccharin Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000000901 saccharin and its Na,K and Ca salt Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000377 silicon dioxide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000012239 silicon dioxide Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000002893 slag Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910000029 sodium carbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910001220 stainless steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010935 stainless steel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052682 stishovite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- POWFTOSLLWLEBN-UHFFFAOYSA-N tetrasodium;silicate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[Na+].[Na+].[O-][Si]([O-])([O-])[O-] POWFTOSLLWLEBN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052905 tridymite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000009827 uniform distribution Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22D—CASTING OF METALS; CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES
- B22D11/00—Continuous casting of metals, i.e. casting in indefinite lengths
- B22D11/04—Continuous casting of metals, i.e. casting in indefinite lengths into open-ended moulds
- B22D11/059—Mould materials or platings
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22D—CASTING OF METALS; CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES
- B22D11/00—Continuous casting of metals, i.e. casting in indefinite lengths
- B22D11/07—Lubricating the moulds
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Continuous Casting (AREA)
- Electroplating Methods And Accessories (AREA)
- Other Surface Treatments For Metallic Materials (AREA)
- Lubricants (AREA)
Abstract
The mould has its interior surfaces covered with a plated layer which contains a solid lubricant in uniformly dispersed state. The plating layer, deposited electrolytically, may be of nickel, chromium or cobalt, or a nickel-phosphorus alloy and the lubricant graphite fluoride, graphite, boron nitride or molybdenum disulphide. <IMAGE>
Description
SPECIFICATION
A self-lubricating mold for use in continuous casting
This invention relates to a self-lubricating mold particularly useful in horizontal continuous casting (hereinafter referred to as the "CC method" for brevity) and to a continuous casting method using such a mold.
The horizontal CC method has a number of advantages over the conventional vertical CC (including radial CC) method, as follows:
(a) The equipment has a substantially reduced height so that the static pressure of the molten steel is small enough to prevent bulging and there is no need to provide a complicated casting support structure. As a result, the costs for the equipment and its maintainance are considerably reduced.
(b) A constant static pressure of molten steel acts on the solidifying shell from the initial stage of solidification, ensuring good contact between the solidifying shell and the mold wall to produce a uniform shell. Therefore, it is possible to cast round billets which have thus far been difficult to produce by the vertical CC method.
(c) The tundish and mold are integrally connected to each other to preclude contact with the atmosphere at the point of initial solidification, to produce a clean casting which is free of slags and pin holes.
On the other hand, possible disadvantages of the horizontal CC are:
(a) In order to provide a structure in which the tundish and mold are integrally connected to each other, there arises a problem with regard to the method of their connection, particularly, with regard to the refractory connecting material;
(b) The problem of varying quality from the top to the bottom of the casting, especially, the problem of concentration of inclusions at the top of the casting; and
(c) the difficulty.
Of the above-mentioned disadvantages, the problem of lubrication under item (c) is most improtant in the practicai application of the horizontal CC.
In the vertical CC, the casting is continuously withdrawn while oscillating the mold to generate the so-called negative strip thereby to prevent the sticking of the casting on the mold walls. Also a lubricant (a powder mainly consisting of CaO and SiO2 or rape seed oil) is supplied to the free surfaces of the molten steel to flow into the gap between the casting and mold wall for the lubrication thereof. Therefore, copper molds are usually plated simply with Ni or Cr for the purpose of reducing frictional wear.
In contrast, in the horizontal CC in which the tundish and mold are hermetically connected to each other: (1) it is difficult to oscillate the mold; (2) it is also difficult to supply the lubricant from outside; (3) the lubricant has to be of a solid type since a liquid lubricant would vaporize and expand withinthe mold upon contact with the high temperature solidified shell; and (4) even if the lubricant is supplied by some special means, it is difficult to disperse it uniformly.
For these reasons, stable lubrication has been a great problem in horizontal CC therefore in horizontal CC the lubricant is not supplied at all or supplied through a complicated mechanism as shown in Laid-open Japanese Patent Application No. 53-31524. The apparatus disclosed in that Japanese
Patent Application supplies under pressure a lubricant sealing fluid into a sealing groove between a plug at the fore end of a supply nozzle and a mold wall thereby to seal the gap between the mold and plug and at the same time deposit the sealing fluid on the wall surfaces of the mold, supplying a small amount of lubricant to the mold which is put in oscillation.
With such a lubrication system, it is necessary to make the gap of the mold wall as narrow as possible. Unless the gap is adjusted suitably, the molten steel rushes thereinto during oscillation of the moid, sometimes causing breakage or cracking of the solidified shell.The lubrication is limited to the range of oscillation (15 to 20 mm) and fails to cover the entire surface of the mold wall. In addition, for its fluidity the sealing fluid contains a small amount of liquid which liquid is considered to vaporize upon contact with the casting. This system is thus unable to effect stable lubrication and involves a complicated lubrication mechanism.
According to the present invention there is provided a self-lubricating mold having its inner surface covered with a composite plated layer containing a uniformly dispersed solid lubricant.
The present invention also comprehends a method of continuous casting, characterised by the use of a self-lubricating mold in accordance with the invention, as well as an article whenever produced by such a method.
In order that the invention may be more fully understood,.some embodiments in accordance therewith will now be described with reference to the accompanying drawings. If is td be expressly understood, however, that the drawings are for the purpose of illustration only and not intended to serve as a definition of the limits of the invention. in the drawings:
Fig. 1 is a diagrammatic view of horizontal CC: Fig. 2 is an enlarged fragmentary sectional view of a mold according to the present invention;
Fig. 3 is a photomicrograph of a microstructure in one part of the mold;
Fig. 4 is a graphic illustration showing values or resistance to withdrawal as obtained when casting stainless steel; and
Fig. 5 is graphic illustration showing values of friction coefficients.
Referring to Fig. 1, there is shown an apparatus generally used for horizontal CC, in which a tundish 1 is connected in a fluid-tight manner to a copper mold 4 by a refractory material 2 and a cooling water jacket 3 is provided around the mold 4. Indicated at 5 is molten steel and at 6 is a solidified shell. In this arrangement, the tundish 1 is integrally connected to the mold 4 so that it is difficult to oscillate the mold in the horizontal direction or to supply from outside a lubricant uniformly into the mold. Therefore, the supply of a liquid or solid lubricant into the mold from outside is difficult without resorting to a complicated lubricating system as mentioned hereinbefore. In addition, uniform distribution of the supplied lubricant within the mold is difficult in horizontal CC and its operation often suffers from troubles owing to unstable lubrication.
An embodiment of the present invention is now explained with reference to Fig. 2. As shown in
Fig. 2, the copper mold body 4 has a plated layer 7 which consists of one or more of Cr, Ni and Co.
The reference numeral 8 denotes a solid lubricant.
One preferred feature of the present invention resides in that solid lubricants are coprecipitated in a dispersed state within the plated layer. The Cr-or Ni- plating has heretofore been conducted mainly for the purpose of preventing frictional wear of the copper mold. According to the present invention, a self-lubricating property can be imparted simultaneously with the plating for the prevention of frictional wear. A composite plated layer which contains a solid lubricant or lubricants if formed on the inner plating surfaces of the copper mold. During the casting operation, the solid lubricant exudes and spreads between the plated layer of the mold and the casting to reduce frictional resistance, attaining extremely uniform lubrication without using a complicated lubricating system.The degree of the self-lubricating effect of the mold can be adjusted by varying the volume percentage of the solid lubricant or lubricants.
Examples of suitable solid lubricants include graphite, graphite fluoride, molydenum disulfide, and boron nitride.
It is preferred to use the solid lubricant generally in the range of 5 to 40 vol % of the plated layer. A solid lubricant content less then 5 vol % generally results in insufficient lubrication while an increase in solid lubricant content in excess of 40 vol % does not give rise to a corresponding increase in the lubricating effect and gives rise to difficulty in the plating technique by producing forced agitation.
The above-mentioned solid lubricants may be used singly or in combination.
The plated layer which contains the solid lubricant may consist of at least one major component selected from Ni, Cr and Co and a minor component such as P or other element (e.g., in a composition of
Ni-P).
The body of the mold generally consists of copper or a copper alloy.
Prior to the composite plating, the surfaces of the molds, except the inner surface which in use will be adjacent to the molten material being cast, are masked, and, after a pretreatment, a composite plated layer is formed on the unmasked inner surface of the mold with a plating solution which is admixed with the solid lubricant.
The present invention will become more apparent from the following Examples.
EXAMPLE 1
This Example concems formation of a plated layer of a Ni-base in which graphite fluoride is coprecipitated in a dispersed state.
(1 ) Pretreatment.
The surfaces of a copper mold 200 mm in diameter were masked with a polyvinyl chloride paint, except for the inner surface of the mould which in use will be adjacent to the molten material being cast, and thereafter the mold was immersed for degreasing in an aqueous solution containing 50 g/l of sodium hydroxide, 25 g/l of sodium carbonate and 5 gIl of anionic surface active agent for 40 minutes at 500C.
After washing with water, the mold was then subjected to electrolytic degreasing in a pH 4 aqueous solution which contained 30 g/l of sodium hydroxide, 1 50 g/l sodium orthosilicate and 10 g/l of a surface active agent, with a cathode current density of 10 A/dm2 'and for 2 minutes at 600C. After washing with water, the mold was immersed for activation in a 50% aqueous solution of sulfuric acid for 10 minutes at room temperature:
(2) Composite Plating.
After washing with water, the mold was plated with a cathode current density of 2 A/dmf and for 40 hours at 500C in an electrolytic nickel solution which contained 300 gil of nickel sulfate, 30 g/l of boric acid, 70 g/i of nickel chloride and 1 g/l of saccharin and in which 300 g/l of graphite fluoride with a mean particle size of 10 my was suspended. As a result, a 500 m,u thick composite plated layer consisting of 83 vol % of Ni and 17 vol % of graphite fluoride was formed on the unmasked inner surface of the mold. After washing with water and drying, the polyvinyl chloride paint mask was removed. The resultant composite plated layer contained particles of graphite fluoride in uniformly dispersed state as can be seen Fig. 3.
The mold thus obtained was used for casting the SUS 304 steel of Table 1 under the conditions shown in Table 2.
More particularly, the mold thus obtained was connected to a tundish as shown in Fig. 1, and, after filling with molten steel, the casting was withdrawn continuously or intermittently with a force of 110 Kg and in an extremely stable state. After carrying out the withdrawing operation for one hour, a measurement revealed that the plated layer on the mold had a thickness of 450 my with no spots which were stuck to the casting or where base copper was exposed.
TABLE 1
Steel C Si Mn P S Cr Ni SUS 304 0.06 0.50 1.55 0.020 0.004 I 18.40 9.20 TABLE 2
Inside Length Speed Time Diameter of of of Casting of Mold Mold Withdrawal Withdrawal Temperature 200 mm 700 mm 1.5 m/min 1.0 hr. 1500 C EXAMPLE 2
This Example concerns a plated layer of a Co base in which graphite is coprecipitated in a dispersed state.
A copper mold 200 mm in inside diameter was pretreated in the same manner as in (1) of
Example 1.
After washing with water, there was prepared a composite plating solution by admixing 200 9/l of fine graphite powder having a mean particle size of 7 mju and 2 gll of a cationic surface active agent to a Co plating solution which contained 430 gSi of cobalt chloride, 10 cc'l of hydrochloric acid and 20 g/l of boric acid. The mold was plated in the composite plating solution under the conditions; pH 1, 60 C, 3 A/dm and 40 hours. There was obtained a 500 my thick composite plated layer of 85 vol % of Co and 1 5 vol % of graphite. The polyvinyl chloride paint masks were removed after washing with water and drying.
The mold thus obtained was used for horizontal CC and the casting was wl'thdrawn under the same conditions as in Example 1. The resistance to withdrawal was 120 kg.
Table 3 below shows the properties of several molds prepared according to the present invention, including the molds of Examples 1 and 2, in comparison with conventional counterparts. In each case, the plating thickness was500 m4.
As is clear from Table 3, the resistance to withdrawal with the mold No. 21 with Cr plating and the mold No. 22 with Ni plating reached 2500 Kg and 2000 Kg, respectively, the withdrawing operation becoming unstable and troubled with sticking and break-out of the casting.
TABLE 3
Plating Solid Resistance to Mold No. Base Lubricant Withdrawal 1 (Ex. 1) Ni Graphite 110 Kg fluoride 2 ., MoS2 105 3 ,, BN 150 4 ,, Graphite 120 5 Co Graphite 130 fluoride 6 ,, MoS2 140 7 .. BN 115 8 (Ex. 2) ,. Graphite 120 9 Ni+Co Graphite 135 fluoride > Invention 10 " MoS2 134 11 " BN 145 12 " Graphite 150 13 Ni+P Graphite 120 fluoride 14 " MoS2 130 15 ,, BN 115 16 ,, Graphite 105 17 Graphite 104 Cr fluoride 18 ., MoS2 125 19 " BN 115 20 5, Graphite 140 21 Cr - 2500 Prior Art 22 Ni - 2000 EXAMPLE 3
A mold with a composite plated layer of Ni + graphite fluoride was used for casting of two charges under the conditions shown in Table 4 below. As is clear from the results which are shown in Fig. 4, the withdrawing operation was smooth and stable, requiring a force or withdrawal smaller than 0.5 t.
For comparison, a mold plated with Cr alone was used for casting of two charges under the same conditions. This operation required a force of withdrawal greater than 1.0 t and finally resulted in breakage and break-out of the solidified shell; as shown in Fig. 4.
TABLE 4
Inside Length Speed Time Diameter of of of Casting of Mold Mold -Withdrawal Withdrawal Temperature 200 mmX 700 mm 1.?m/min 30 min 1500"C Fig. 5 shows values of frictional coefficient of the respective plated layers as measured at room temperature and at 3000 C. It will be clear therefrom that the Ni-and Cr- plating show increased values of frictional coefficient at the higher temperature while the Ni-plating containing graphite fluoride shows a very low value even at 3000C, giving satisfactory lubricating effects at high temperatures.
In the foregoing Examples, the mold of ithe invention is applied to SIJEZ04 but it is applicable to other kinds of steel, including carbon steel, high alloy steel, etc. The diameter and length of the mold is determined depending upon the dimension and shape of the casting to be produced.
Claims (11)
1. A self-lubricating mold having its inner surface covered with a composite plated later containing a uniformly dispersed solid lubricant.
2. A self-lubricating mold according to claim 1, wherein said plated layer comprises at least one of: Cr, Ni and Co.
3. A self-lubricating mold according to claim 1 or claim 2, wherein said plated layer consists of a
Ni alloy containing said lubricant.
4. A self-lubricating mold according to claim 3, wherein said Ni alloy is a Ni-p alloy.
5. A self-lubricating mold according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein said solid lubricant comprises at least one of: graphite fluoride, graphite, boron nitride and MoS2.
6. A self-lubricating mold according to any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein said composite plated layer has a solid lubricant in the range of 5 to 40 vol %.
7. A self-lubricating mold substantially as described in either of the foregoing Examples 1 and 2.
8. A self-lubricating mold substantially the same as one of molds nos. 2 to 7, and 9 to 20 of the foregoing Table 3.
9. A method of continuous casting, characterized by the use of a self-lubricating mold in accordance with any one of claims 1 to 8.
10. A method according to claim 9, and substantially as described in the foregoing Example 3.
11. An article whenever produced by a method in accordance with either of claims 9 and 10.
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP9156378A JPS5519428A (en) | 1978-07-28 | 1978-07-28 | Lubricating method in casting mold of horizontal continuous casting method |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| GB2027375A true GB2027375A (en) | 1980-02-20 |
| GB2027375B GB2027375B (en) | 1982-07-28 |
Family
ID=14029971
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| GB7924953A Expired GB2027375B (en) | 1978-07-28 | 1979-07-18 | Self-lubricating mould for horizontal continuous casting |
Country Status (7)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JPS5519428A (en) |
| CA (1) | CA1142322A (en) |
| DE (1) | DE2930572C2 (en) |
| FR (1) | FR2433382A1 (en) |
| GB (1) | GB2027375B (en) |
| IT (1) | IT1124142B (en) |
| SE (1) | SE7906401L (en) |
Cited By (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| EP0222321A2 (en) * | 1985-11-12 | 1987-05-20 | Inland Steel Company | Method for preventing mold exlosions during continuous casting of free machining steels |
| US4736790A (en) * | 1985-11-12 | 1988-04-12 | Inland Steel Company | Method for preventing mold explosions during continuous casting of free machining steel |
| US4917171A (en) * | 1984-04-27 | 1990-04-17 | Centre De Recherches Metallurgiques-Centrum Voor Research In De Metallurgie | Lubricating a continuous-casting mold |
| US5230380A (en) * | 1988-07-22 | 1993-07-27 | Satosen Co., Ltd. | Molds for continuous casting of steel |
| US5452755A (en) * | 1991-10-09 | 1995-09-26 | Krosaki Corporation | Casting apparatus for low-melting metals having two or more coating layers |
| WO1997007909A1 (en) * | 1995-08-31 | 1997-03-06 | The University Of Sheffield | Protective barriers in ceramic moulds or dies |
| ES2130088A2 (en) * | 1997-10-20 | 1999-06-16 | Yanez Vazquez Ines | Procedure and apparatus for the semi-continuous casting of metal alloys of copper-brass and aluminium and alloys thereof |
Families Citing this family (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPS5728656A (en) * | 1980-07-25 | 1982-02-16 | Nippon Kokan Kk <Nkk> | Mold for horizontal continuous casting |
| GB2094193B (en) * | 1981-01-28 | 1985-07-17 | Sumitomo Light Metal Ind | Mould for direct-clue casting of metals |
Family Cites Families (10)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US2949652A (en) * | 1957-02-13 | 1960-08-23 | Ici Ltd | Continuous casting of metals |
| GB1128342A (en) * | 1966-03-15 | 1968-09-25 | Ural Zd Tyazhelogo Mash Im S O | Method of preparing the working walls of a continuous casting mould |
| US3411564A (en) * | 1967-05-17 | 1968-11-19 | Dresser Ind | Continuous casting of steel |
| DE1910902A1 (en) * | 1969-03-04 | 1970-11-12 | Kabel Metallwerke Ghh | Continuous metal casting mould of sintered - graphite with copper inclusions |
| BE754315A (en) * | 1969-08-05 | 1971-01-18 | Hajduk Stan | WATER-COOLED CONTINUOUS CASTING LINGOTIER |
| DE2104843A1 (en) * | 1971-02-02 | 1972-08-17 | Bobkowskij, Vadim Nikolajewitsch, Moskau; Gorbunowa, Tamara Georgijewns, Koltschugino; Emjawjew, Alexandr Wasiljewitsch; Zelenow, Sergej Nikolajewitsch; Moskau; Lusenberg, Adolf Awgustovitsch, Koltschugino; Orlow, Wiktor Michajlowitsch; Swjatoslawow, Wladimir Konstantinowitsch; Moskau; Osinzew, Grig | Graphite faced continuous casting mould - with pyrolytic graphite deposit on graphite surface |
| GB1331333A (en) * | 1971-05-20 | 1973-09-26 | Livanov V A | Continuous and semi-continuous casting of metal ingots |
| DE2243918A1 (en) * | 1972-09-07 | 1974-03-14 | Krupp Gmbh | Continuous casting chill mould - with pressed-in lining of sintered copper-tin-graphite |
| DE2634633C2 (en) * | 1976-07-31 | 1984-07-05 | Kabel- und Metallwerke Gutehoffnungshütte AG, 3000 Hannover | Continuous casting mold made of a copper material, especially for continuous casting of steel |
| JP2967845B2 (en) * | 1992-05-27 | 1999-10-25 | 川崎製鉄株式会社 | Melting method for ultra low sulfur and ultra low carbon steel |
-
1978
- 1978-07-28 JP JP9156378A patent/JPS5519428A/en active Granted
-
1979
- 1979-07-18 GB GB7924953A patent/GB2027375B/en not_active Expired
- 1979-07-26 SE SE7906401A patent/SE7906401L/en unknown
- 1979-07-26 IT IT12691/79A patent/IT1124142B/en active
- 1979-07-27 CA CA000332720A patent/CA1142322A/en not_active Expired
- 1979-07-27 DE DE2930572A patent/DE2930572C2/en not_active Expired
- 1979-07-27 FR FR7919446A patent/FR2433382A1/en active Granted
Cited By (9)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US4917171A (en) * | 1984-04-27 | 1990-04-17 | Centre De Recherches Metallurgiques-Centrum Voor Research In De Metallurgie | Lubricating a continuous-casting mold |
| EP0222321A2 (en) * | 1985-11-12 | 1987-05-20 | Inland Steel Company | Method for preventing mold exlosions during continuous casting of free machining steels |
| EP0222321A3 (en) * | 1985-11-12 | 1987-08-26 | Inland Steel Company | Method for preventing mold exlosions during continuous casting of free machining steels |
| US4736790A (en) * | 1985-11-12 | 1988-04-12 | Inland Steel Company | Method for preventing mold explosions during continuous casting of free machining steel |
| AU584560B2 (en) * | 1985-11-12 | 1989-05-25 | Inland Steel Company | Method for preventing mold explosions during continuous casting of free machining steel |
| US5230380A (en) * | 1988-07-22 | 1993-07-27 | Satosen Co., Ltd. | Molds for continuous casting of steel |
| US5452755A (en) * | 1991-10-09 | 1995-09-26 | Krosaki Corporation | Casting apparatus for low-melting metals having two or more coating layers |
| WO1997007909A1 (en) * | 1995-08-31 | 1997-03-06 | The University Of Sheffield | Protective barriers in ceramic moulds or dies |
| ES2130088A2 (en) * | 1997-10-20 | 1999-06-16 | Yanez Vazquez Ines | Procedure and apparatus for the semi-continuous casting of metal alloys of copper-brass and aluminium and alloys thereof |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| JPS5519428A (en) | 1980-02-12 |
| GB2027375B (en) | 1982-07-28 |
| DE2930572A1 (en) | 1980-02-07 |
| SE7906401L (en) | 1980-01-29 |
| DE2930572C2 (en) | 1983-12-22 |
| CA1142322A (en) | 1983-03-08 |
| IT7912691A0 (en) | 1979-07-26 |
| JPS5714258B2 (en) | 1982-03-23 |
| IT1124142B (en) | 1986-05-07 |
| FR2433382B1 (en) | 1983-09-23 |
| FR2433382A1 (en) | 1980-03-14 |
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Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| PCNP | Patent ceased through non-payment of renewal fee |
Effective date: 19940718 |