GB1592011A - Use of diphenyl ethers as algicides - Google Patents

Use of diphenyl ethers as algicides Download PDF

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GB1592011A
GB1592011A GB452/78A GB45278A GB1592011A GB 1592011 A GB1592011 A GB 1592011A GB 452/78 A GB452/78 A GB 452/78A GB 45278 A GB45278 A GB 45278A GB 1592011 A GB1592011 A GB 1592011A
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capacitor
film
door
acid
partition
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Novartis AG
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Ciba Geigy AG
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    • A01N37/40Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing organic compounds containing a carbon atom having three bonds to hetero atoms with at the most two bonds to halogen, e.g. carboxylic acids containing at least one carboxylic group or a thio analogue, or a derivative thereof, and a singly bound oxygen or sulfur atom attached to the same carbon skeleton, this oxygen or sulfur atom not being a member of a carboxylic group or of a thio analogue, or of a derivative thereof, e.g. hydroxy-carboxylic acids having at least one oxygen or sulfur atom attached to an aromatic ring system having at least one carboxylic group or a thio analogue, or a derivative thereof, and one oxygen or sulfur atom attached to the same aromatic ring system
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    • A01N37/00Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing organic compounds containing a carbon atom having three bonds to hetero atoms with at the most two bonds to halogen, e.g. carboxylic acids
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    • A01N37/48Nitro-carboxylic acids; Derivatives thereof
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    • A01N47/10Carbamic acid derivatives, i.e. containing the group —O—CO—N<; Thio analogues thereof
    • A01N47/22O-Aryl or S-Aryl esters thereof
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Description

TABLE 2
Inhibitory Example Compounds of the formula I Concentration 26 4-chlore2-hydroxydiphenyl ether 5 27 4,4'dichloro-2-hydroxydipheayl ether 0.5 28 2',4-dichloro-2-hydroxydiphenyl ether 0.5 29 2' ,4 ',4-trichloro-2-hydroxydiphenyl ether 5 30 3',4'-dichloro-2-hydroxydiphenyl ether 0.5 31 3',4'-dichloro-4-hydroxydiphenyl ether 0.5 32 2',4'-dichloro-4-hydroxydiphenyl ether 0.5
WHAT WE CLAIM IS: 1. A method of controlling algae and inhibiting the growth thereof, which comprises the use of one or more diphenyl ethers of the general formula I
wherein R1 represents unsubstituted or substituted amino or the group R'O-, in which Rd represents a hydrogen atom or the ester-bonded acid radical of an inorganic or organic oxyacid, R2 represents identical or different radicals and a hydrogen atom, a halogen atom, cyano, carboxyl, nitro, unsubstituted or substituted amino, alkoxy, cyclo alkoxy, alkenyl, alkyl, cycloalkyl or acyloxy, m is an integer from 1 to 5 and n is an integer from 1 to 4, or the salts of the hydroxy and acid derivatives thereof.
2. A method according to claim 1 wherein m is 1 to 3, preferably 1 or 2, n is 1 or 2 and R2 represents identical or different radicals.
3. A method according to claim 1 wherein R2 as an unsubstituted or substituted hydrocarbon radical is cycloalkyl and, in particular, alkyl.
4. A method according to claim 1 wherein R5 as acyl contains 1 to 18, preferably 1 to 6, carbon atoms, and as carbamoyl, contains 1 to 12, preferably 1 to 6, carbon atoms.
5. A method according to daim 1 wherein R2 as unsubstituted or substituted amino is substituted by one or two alkyl groups containing 1 to 12, preferably 1 to 6, carbon atoms, or by cydohexyl.
6. A method according to claim 1 wherein R2 as alkoxy, cycloalkoxy, alkenyl, unsubstituted or substituted alkyl or cycloalkyl and acyloxy contains 1 to 18, preferably 1 to 6, carbon atoms.
7. A method according to claim 1 wherein R2 as alkyl or cycloalkyl is substituted by halogen, especially fluorine and chlorine, hydroxyl, carboxyl or alkoxy of 1 to 6 carbon atoms.
8. A method according to claim 1 wherein R2 is chlorine, bromine, iodine, amino, nitro, carboxyl ,or trifluoromethyl.
9. A method according to claim 1 wherein the compound of the formula I is 4,4'-dichloro-2-hydroxy-diphenyl ether or 2',4',4-trichloro-2-hydroxy-diphenyl ether.
10. A method according to claim 1 wherein Rs is a hydrogen atom, acyl or carbamoyl.
11. A method according to claim 1 wherein the compounds of the formula I are used in active ingredient concentrations of 0.01 to 40 ppm, prefer ably 0.03 to 20 and especiallv 0.03 to 10 ppm. referred to the a
**WARNING** end of DESC field may overlap start of CLMS **.

Claims (11)

**WARNING** start of CLMS field may overlap end of DESC **. TABLE 2 Inhibitory Example Compounds of the formula I Concentration 26 4-chlore2-hydroxydiphenyl ether 5 27 4,4'dichloro-2-hydroxydipheayl ether 0.5 28 2',4-dichloro-2-hydroxydiphenyl ether 0.5 29 2' ,4 ',4-trichloro-2-hydroxydiphenyl ether 5 30 3',4'-dichloro-2-hydroxydiphenyl ether 0.5 31 3',4'-dichloro-4-hydroxydiphenyl ether 0.5 32 2',4'-dichloro-4-hydroxydiphenyl ether 0.5 WHAT WE CLAIM IS: 1. A method of controlling algae and inhibiting the growth thereof, which comprises the use of one or more diphenyl ethers of the general formula I wherein R1 represents unsubstituted or substituted amino or the group R'O-, in which Rd represents a hydrogen atom or the ester-bonded acid radical of an inorganic or organic oxyacid, R2 represents identical or different radicals and a hydrogen atom, a halogen atom, cyano, carboxyl, nitro, unsubstituted or substituted amino, alkoxy, cyclo alkoxy, alkenyl, alkyl, cycloalkyl or acyloxy, m is an integer from 1 to 5 and n is an integer from 1 to 4, or the salts of the hydroxy and acid derivatives thereof. 2. A method according to claim 1 wherein m is 1 to 3, preferably 1 or 2, n is 1 or 2 and R2 represents identical or different radicals. 3. A method according to claim 1 wherein R2 as an unsubstituted or substituted hydrocarbon radical is cycloalkyl and, in particular, alkyl. 4. A method according to claim 1 wherein R5 as acyl contains 1 to 18, preferably 1 to 6, carbon atoms, and as carbamoyl, contains 1 to 12, preferably 1 to 6, carbon atoms. 5. A method according to daim 1 wherein R2 as unsubstituted or substituted amino is substituted by one or two alkyl groups containing 1 to 12, preferably 1 to 6, carbon atoms, or by cydohexyl. 6. A method according to claim 1 wherein R2 as alkoxy, cycloalkoxy, alkenyl, unsubstituted or substituted alkyl or cycloalkyl and acyloxy contains 1 to 18, preferably 1 to 6, carbon atoms. 7. A method according to claim 1 wherein R2 as alkyl or cycloalkyl is substituted by halogen, especially fluorine and chlorine, hydroxyl, carboxyl or alkoxy of 1 to 6 carbon atoms. 8. A method according to claim 1 wherein R2 is chlorine, bromine, iodine, amino, nitro, carboxyl ,or trifluoromethyl. 9. A method according to claim 1 wherein the compound of the formula I is 4,4'-dichloro-2-hydroxy-diphenyl ether or 2',4',4-trichloro-2-hydroxy-diphenyl ether. 10. A method according to claim 1 wherein Rs is a hydrogen atom, acyl or carbamoyl. 11. A method according to claim 1 wherein the compounds of the formula I are used in active ingredient concentrations of 0.01 to 40 ppm, prefer ably 0.03 to 20 and especiallv 0.03 to 10 ppm. referred to the a state and a negative potential pulse is applied to said gate electrode to switch the device from said quasi-equilibrium state to said equilibrium state. 3. A method as claimed in claim 1 for operating a device having source and drain regions of the N-conductivity type, in operation 2 of which a negative potential pulse is applied to the source region to switch the device from said equilibrium state to said quasi-equilibrium state and a positive potential pulse is applied to the source region to switch the device from said quasi-equilibrium state to said equilibrium state. 4. A method as claimed in any preceding claim when used for operating a device in which one of said source and drain regions surrounds the other of those regions forming an annular channel region and wherein said gate electrode is annular, said source and drain regions and said gate electrode forming an annular field effect transistor. 5. A method as claimed in any of claims 1 to 3, when used for operating a device in which there is means disposed at the extremities of said interconnecting region for isolating the top thereof from said substrate. 6. A method as claimed in claim 5, when used for operating a device in which said means for isolating includes a recessed oxide region disposed at the extremities of said interconnecting region. 7. A memory cell comprising a semiconductor substrate of one conductivity type; first, second and third regions of opposite conductivity type disposed in said substrate, each of said first and second regions and second and third regions having a channel region therebetween forming addressing and storage devices, respectively; an interconnecting region of said opposite conductivity type disposed in said channel region of said storage device extending from the surface of said substrate and interconnecting said second and third regions, the arrangement being such that the top of said interconnecting region is nowhere contiguous with said substrate; first and second gate electrodes disposed in insulated spaced relationship with the channel region of said addressing and storage devices respectively; means arranged to apply such a bias potential to said substrate and to the gate electrode of said storage device with respect to said second and third regions that an inversion layer is created at the surface of said interconnecting region, thus rendering the storage device conductive, when it is in a first, equilibrium state and a depletion region is created between said second and third regions, thus rendering the storage device nonconductive, when it is in a second quasiequilibrium state; and means arranged to apply a potential pulse to the gate electrode of said addressing device to render it conductive and means arranged to apply such a potential pulse to the first region that when the addressing device is conductive the storage device is switched from said equilibrium state to said quasi-equilibrium state or vice versa. 8. A memory cell as claimed in claim 7, in which there is means disposed at the extremities of said interconnecting region for isolating the top of said interconnecting region of said storage device from said substrate. 9. A memory cell as claimed in claim 8, in which said means for isolating includes a recessed oxide region disposed at the extremities of said interconnecting region of said storage device. 10. A memory including a word line, a bit line and a memory cell as claimed in any of claims 7 to 9, in which the gate electrode of said addressing device is connected to the word line and the gate electrode of said storage device is connected to said bit line. 11. A method as claimed in claim 1, substantially as described with reference to Figures 4A and 4B or Figures SA and SB of the accompanying drawings. 12. A memory cell circuit substantially as described with reference to Figure 6 of the accompanying drawings. 13. A semiconductor storage arrangement comprising an array of memory cells devices as claimed in claim 7, substantially as described with reference to Figure 7 of the accompany ing drawings. After the etching of the substrate surface in the region where the storage capacitor is to be formed, known process steps are employed to apply an insulating layer 6 to the surface of the substrate 1 outside the trenches, to produce a thin oxide layer 61 above the trenches 2 and 3, and finally to apply a conductor path 7 to the thin oxide layer 61. The conductor path 7. which preferably consists of aluminium or polysilicon. represents one electrode of the capacitor. The second electrode of the capacitor is constituted by an inversion layer which is formed at the surface of the substrate below the thin oxide layer 61 by connecting a suitable potential of the conductor path 7. The inversion layer is indicated schematically at 5. The thin oxide layer 61, which preferably has a thickness of about 0.12 ym, represents the capacitor dielectric. Based on the dimensions shown in Figure 1, for two channels each having a flank angle of 60", an increase of about 80% is achieved in the storage capacitor area as compared with capacitors formed on an unetched surface. It is thus advantageously possible to design simpler evaluator circuits and/or to achieve higher bit densities. Figure 2 illustrates another embodiment of the invention in which a pyramid-shaped pit 3' is used in place of the trenches 2 and 3. In this embodiment, with an angle 4 of 60", it is possible to double the storage area. The pit 3' is arranged in the surface of the semi-conductor substrate 1 and is produced by an anisotropic etching step. Then by means of process steps known per se, a thin oxide layer 61' is produced in known manner on the flanks of the pit 3' and a conductor path 7' is applied to the thin oxide layer 61'. The conductor path 7' again preferably consists of aluminium orpolysilicon, and the thin oxide layer 61'. the thickness of which is preferably 0.12 clam, consists of SiO2. As before. the second electrode of the capacitor is represented by an inversion layer (indicated schematically at 5') which is formed at the surface of the substrate below the thin oxide layer 61', by connecting a suitable potential to the conductor path 7'. In the construction of one-transistor storage elements, the transistor of the onetransistor storage element is conveniently arranged in the same substrate 1 as the capacitor in accordance with the invention. WHAT WE CLAIM IS:
1. A capacitor comprising a semiconductor substrate having at least one recess anisotropically etched into its surface, an electrically insulating layer covering the flanks of the or each recess, an electrode covering said insulating layer within said recess or recesses, and means for applying a potential to said electrode such as to produce an inversion layer at the surface of said substrate beneath said insulating layer in the or each said recess to serve as the second electrode of the capacitor.
2. A capacitor as claimed in Claim 1. wherein said at least one recess is constituted by at least one anisotropically-etched channel, having a V-shaped cross-section.
3. A capacitor as claimed in Claim 2, wherein at least two channels are provided in the surface of said semiconductor substrate, each said channel having flanks making an angle with one another of about 60 . and adjacent edges of said channels being spaced from one another.
4. A capacitor as claimed in Claim 1, wherein said recess is in the form of a pyramidal pit.
5. A capacitor as claimed in any one of the preceding Claims, wherein said substrate is of silicon.
6. A capacitor as claimed in any one of the preceding Claims, wherein said electrically insulating layer consists of SiO2.
7. A capacitor as claimed in any one of the preceding Claims, wherein said electrode consists of aluminium or polysilicon.
8. A method of producing a capacitor as claimed in Claim 1, comprising the steps of anisotropically etching the surface of a semiconductor substrate to produce one or more recesses therein, applying a thin electrically insulating layer to the flanks of the or each recess, and forming an electrode on said thin insulating layer.
9. A method for producing a capacitor as claimed in Claim 1, substantially as hereinbefore described with reference to the drawings.
10. A capacitor substantially as hereinbefore described with reference to and as illustrated in Figure 1 or Figure 2 of the drawing.
11. A one-transistor storage element including a capacitor as claimed in any of Claims 1 to 7 or Claim 10.
12. A store comprising a plurality of storage elements as claimed in Claim 11.
**WARNING** end of CLMS field may overlap start of DESC **.
surface from said titanium anode through said oxide.
18. A method according to claim 17, wherein a voltage potential above nine volts is applied between said titanium electrode and said conductive surface, and wherein a current density between 25 and 250 milliamperes per square foot is developed on said conductive surface.
19. A method according to claim 17 or 18, wherein said titanium electrode includes a second metal in electrical contact with the titanium.
20. A method according to claim 17, substantially as hereinbefore described with reference to the accompanying drawings.
As shown in Figures 3 and 4, the bottom end of the bottom leaf 16 bears two lateral rollers 24 which slide in a pair of lateral guides 26 in the vehicle body. Guides 26 have a U-cross-section and are secured to the vertical edges of the door opening.
Packing-strips for improved sealing are disposed round the periphery of door 12 and between the two leaves 14 and 16. In addition, the top leaf 14 bears a safety strip 30 at the bottom, in the space between leaves 14 and 16.
As shown in Figure 3, two stirrups 32 are secured to the sides of the top leaf 14. The free end of each stirrup 32 is secured to the piston rod 34 of an oleodynamic lifting device 60 of a known kind (not shown in detail). Device 36 is secured to the interior of the body of van 10.
As illustrated in Figures 5 and 7, the bottom leaf 16 bears locking means, i.e. a pair of outer rods 38 and a pair of inner rods 40. The inner pair 40 are jointed to a plate 42 which is keyed to the polygonal shank 44 of a handle 46 for externally actuating the internal rods 40. The pair of outer rods 38 are secured to a plate 48 having a lateral knob 50 for actuating the outer rods 38 from the interior of van 10.
As shown in Figures 6 and 7, the lateral ends of rods 38 and 40 fit into slots 52 formed in a plate 54 bearing a bolt 56. Bolt 56 engage in seats 58 in the vertical sides of the van door opening.
In order to open door 12, handle 46 or knob 50 is rotated through 90" so that bolts 56 come out of seats 58. Next, the bottom leaf 16 together with the top leaf 14 are raised, thus rotating the two lateral stirrups 32 around hinge 20 and progressively moving leaves 14 and 16 from the vertical aligned position to the horizontal position in which the leaves are superposed.
When the door 12 is in the resulting open position, the weight of leaves 14 and 16 is compensated by the pair of oleodynamic devices 36. In the open position, as illustrated in Figure 3, the axis of the pivot pin 60 of shank 32 of each device 36 is horizontally further to the exterior of the body than the axis of the corresponding lateral roller 24 (distance n.
Door 12 is closed by the opposite sequence of operations, devices 36 returning from an inclined position to a substantially horizontal position.
It can be seen from Figures 2 and 3 that when door 12 is open it forms a sort of roof, which is particularly useful for shelter from the weather during loading or unloading, not only for the operator but also for the goods conveyed by van 10.
Of course, without altering the principle of the invention, the constructional details and embodiments can be widelv varied from those described and illustrated by way of non-limitative example, without thereby departing from the invention.
WHAT WE CLAIM IS:
1. A door for a vehicle, the door being hinged to the vehicle body and provided with locking means for locking it in the closed position, the door being made up of two leaves horizontally hinged together, the top leaf being hinged at the top to the body and connected to at least one lifting device which when the door is in the open position serves to retain the door in that position, whereas the bottom leaf bears the locking means.
2. A door according to claim 1 in which the lifting device is an oleodynamic device.
3. A door according to claim 1, in which the bottom end of the bottom leaf can run in a pair of lateral guides in the body.
4. A door according to claim 3, in which the bottom end of the bottom leaf bears two lateral rollers engaging in the guides.
5. A door according to any of claims 1 to 4, in which the top leaf has two lateral stirrups joined to the respective lifting devices.
6. A door according to claim 5, in which when the door is in the open position, the axis of the pivot for the stirrup of each lifting device is horizontally further to the exterior of the body than the axis of the lateral roller.
7. A door according to any of the preceding claims, in which the locking means comprise a set of horizontally movable rods, bolts being mounted at the two lateral ends of the rod system and adapted to engage in seats in the vertical edges of the door-opening to be closed.
8. A door for a vehicle, substantially as hereinbefore described with reference to and as shown in the accompanying draw ings.
**WARNING** end of CLMS field may overlap start of DESC **.
channels of said pair of columns being arranged, in use, to face each other for accommodating cutlery therebetween, and a plurality of laterally extendable handles fitted asymmetrically to the base plate.
2. A cutlery rack as claimed in Claim 1, the base plate and the columns being made of chromium-nickel steel, wherein the base plate is rectangular and the columns are of right angled channel shape into which plastics material column insert elements of differing profiles can be inserted.
3. A cutlery rack as claimed in Claim 1 made of plastics material, wherein the columns have differing profiles.
4. A cutlery rack as claimed in either Claim 1 or Claim 3 further comprising a mobile underframe on which the base plate is mounted and wherein the base plate is round and the slideways are arranged radially on the base plate.
5. A cutlery rack substantially as hereinbefore described with reference to and as illustrated in the accompanying drawings. preceding claims in which the rotary unit includes a number of spaced generally radial rings or plates which act as supports for the heat pipes and/or heat exchange plates.
8. A heat exchanger substantially as described with reference to the accompanying drawings.
substantially parallel to the engagement points of the previous strap between the cover plate and the platen means and aligned with the track for guiding the strap along the track during sealing of the previous strap loop, and means for opening the cover plate to release the sealed previous strap loop.
3. A machine according to claim 2, wherein the cover plate, grippers and platen means are aligned in a sealing passage in the track, means for moving the supply end gripper and the platen means laterally out of the sealing passage for moving the further strap supply end into engagement with the further strap free end held against the cover plate including an inner slide, the supply end gripper and the platen means being pivotally mounted on the inner slide, the means for moving the supply end gripper and the platen means laterally including means for moving the inner slide laterally, and means for cutting the supply end of the strap by the free end gripping means for forming a closed loop of the further strap joined in the sealing passage.
8, in which the said relative movement is obtained by rotation of one end of the helical member around the support member.
10. Apparatus as claimed in Claim 9, including means permitting rotation in only one sense, and detent means for holding said means permitting rotation in a selected position.
11. Means as claimed in Claim 8, wherein the supplementary joint element is a profiled plastics section comprising a base portion having opposite faces of which one face carries a pair of spaced said SPECIFICATION Sheet material detecting device This invention relates to a device, for sensing the presence of a film or sheet material, such as X-ray plates or films, particularly for use in automatic developing equipment.
As is well known in the art, automatic X-ray developers require that the presence of the film or plate be sensed or detected upon the insertion thereof, this presence information being utilized to activate the developer functions and to replenish the processing baths.
Priorartfilm detectors are of two general classes.
The first class relies on feelers interfering with the film, i.e. on the use of mechanical sensing members contacting the film upon its insertion into the machine. Like any device of a mechanical nature, these detectors have some shortcomings, among which are an unavoidable response delay, the risk of damaging the film, and the need for regular and careful maintenance routines. The detectors of the second class are instead based upon the interception of the X-ray film or plate with infrared light, or with ultrasounds; thus, the non-mechanical detectors successfully eliminate the problem related to response delay and possible damaging of the film, but only do this at the expense of considerable constructional complexity and high cost. In addition, a drawback common to both detector types, as indicated, is represented by the formation of static charges which build up on the X-ray film in some particular weather conditions. Static charges present on such films may discharge and create light effects, affecting the film with unwanted exposure marks and inducing false information therein.
This invention seeks to obviate the aforementioned drawbacks by providing an X-ray film detecting device, particularly for automatic developing equipment, free of any mechanical members and which can be quickly installed on existing equipment.
This object is achieved by a device for detecting the presence of a sheet or film material, particularly X-ray plates orfilms, characterized in that it comprises a pair of conductive, oppositely located, spaced apart, plate-like members, said conductive plate-like member-constituting the respective capacitor plates of a capacitor and being adapted for positioning at the inlet end for said film material in a processing apparatus, the gap separating said plate-like members being such asto permitthe introducticnol' dei i-film materia between said plate-like members said detecting device further comprising circuit means electrically connected to said plate-like members, said circuit means being effective to change an operative parameter thereof upon introduction of said film material between said plate-like members and to supply signals representative of said introduction.
Further features and advantages of the detecting device of the instant invention will become apparent from the following detailed description of a preferred embodiment thereof, illustrated by way of a not limitative example in the accompanying schematical drawings, where: Figure 1 shows in perspective the detecting device of this invention, at a stage when the film to be detected is being introduced; and Figures 2 and 3 show further operational stages of the inventive detecting device, with the film already introduced therein;; Making reference to the cited drawing figures, the film or sheet material detecting or sensing device, in particular for X-ray or ordinary plate, according to. the invention, is generally indicated at 1. The device 1 comprises a pair of conductive, oppositely located, spaced apart, plate-like members 2 and 3, constituting respective plates of a capacitor, which are adapted for positioning at the inlet end of a pro cessing apparatus, not shown for clarity, which may be an automatic developer for X-ray or ordinary plates; the gap between the plate-like members, 2 and 3, is such that a film or sheet material 4, in particular an X-ray plate to be developed, can be inserted therebetween. The film 4 is entrained for movement in the direction of the arrow shown in the drawing figures, the driving force being applied by a conventional drive, not shown. The plate-like members 2 and 3, constituting, as mentioned, the armature plates of a capacitor, are electrically con nected, through leads 5 and 6, to a detecting circuit which is illustrated by a block and generally indi cated at 7.
The operation ofthe detecting device according - to this invention will be described next.
As the film 4, being driven by conventional means not shown, enters the gap between the capacitor plates 2 and 3, the capacity of the capacitor formed by the conductive plates 2 and 3 begins to vary. The capacity of a capacitor is, in fact, known to be directly proportional, subordinately to a proportionality constant which is the dielectric constant of the insuiator separating the capacitor plates, to the surface area of the capacitor plates and inversely proportional to the distance therebetween. Thus, as soon as the film 4 is inserted between the plates 2 and 3, the dielectric constant of the insulating material between the plates 2 and 3 is caused to vary, the insulating or dielectric material being initially air and now air-plus-film, thereby the capacity of the capacitor formed by the plates 2 and 3 also varies.
This capacity change is sensed or detected by the detecting circuit 7 which will not be discussed here in detail since it will be obvious to those skilled in the art. It will suffice to say that the detecting circuit 7 is a circuit which changes its operation mode or state upon insertion of the leading (in the direction of movement) edge of the fllm 4 between the armature plates 2 and 3. The detecting circuit 7 is a circuit the operational change whereof is triggered by the leading edge of the film 4. Conversely, the detecting circuit 7 can be returned to its original state upon detection of the trailing edge of the film 4. If suitable electronic components are included in the detecting circuit 7, such as a counter unit, then it will be possible to "count" both the mode change time of the circuit 7 and the elapsed time between the leading edge of the film 4 entering the capacitor formed by
11. Apparatus as claimed in Claim 10, in which said means permitting rotation comprises a free-wheel device.
12. Apparatus as claimed in any of Claims 4 to 11 in which said support member includes a ring for enabling the support member and helical member to be pulled through a pipe.
13. Apparatus for use in detecting flaws in interior coatings of elongate tubular members substantially as hereinbefore described with reference to and as illustrated in Figure 1, or Figure 2, or Figure 3, of the accompanying drawings.
1. A hose-end connector for a thermoplastics material hose (10) having no metal reinforcement, the connector comprising a hollow stem portion (15) and a ferrule portion (16) which is arranged both to connect with the stem portion and to clamp the hose wall to the stem portion, the stem portion (15) having an annular peripheral groove (21) and, spaced in an axial direction from the groove, a hose-bore engageable portion (18) which is sized to locate within the bore (11) of the hose, the ferrule (16) having an annular inwardly directed flange (31) at one end thereof which is arranged to be swaged into the annular groove (21) of the stem portion (15) during a first stage of assembly of the connector, and the ferrule (16) having a main body portion (33) which defines with the stem portion an annulus (17) for receiving the hose end following the first assembly stage; characterized in that the hose-bore engaging portion (18) ofthe stem portion is formed with a plurality of annular-form barbs (25,25a) for non-severing engagement with the inner wall (11) of the hose, in that the interiorofthe main body portion (33) ofthe ferrule is provided with annular-form buttresses (34,38) for non-severing engagement with the outer wall (13) of the hose, and in that the crests (26) of the barbs (25,25a) are positioned to align with respective valleys (35) between the buttresses (34,38) when, during a second stage of assembly of the connector, the main body portion (33) of the ferrule (16) is swaged inwardly toward the stem portion (15) with the hose end located therebetween.
2. A connector as claimed in claim 1,further characterized in that the ferrule (16) has an integral collar portion (30) which surrounds the inwardly directed flange (31), the collar portion having a diameter approximately equal to that of the main body portion (33) of the ferrule prior to the first assembly stage being effected and the collar portion (30) being spaced in an axial direction from the main body portion (33) by a relieved portion (32) of lesser diameter.
3. A connector as claimed in claim 1 or claim 2, further characterized in that the main body portion (33) includes a frusto-conical portion (40) adjacent the end of the ferrule (16) which is remote from said one end of the ferrule, the frusto-conical portion (40) being movable in an outward direction relative to the remainder of the main body portion (33) during a swaging operation to thus provide a flared entry (42) to the annulus (17) between the stem portion (15) and the ferrule (16) during said second stage of assembly.
4. A connector as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 3, further characterized in that the barbs (25,25a) of the stem portion (15) are of saw-tooth configuration, with each barb having a slightly rounded crest (26), and the buttresses (34,38) of the ferrule are of
The average molecular weight of the above organic polymer may vary widely, for example, from 5,000 to 5,000,000 or even greater but is preferably within the range 10,000 to 200,000. Organic polymers having molecular weights outside these ranges may be used if desired Another group of organic polymers useful to form the blends of this invention are the so-called unsaturated polyesters. These polymers are available as mixtures of liquid unsaturated polyester resin and crosslinking monomer.
The liquid unsaturated polyester resins usually comprise a linear or only slightly branched unsaturated polyester. The linear or slightly branched polyester is typically prepared as a condensation or reaction product of an unsaturated polybasic and a polyhydric compound; for example, the condensation product of an unsaturated dibasic acid of alpha-beta ethylenic unsaturation and a di- or trihydric compound, such as a glycol. Often a saturated polybasic acid or anhydride, such as a dibasic acid, is employed with the unsaturated acid or anhydride to modify the reactivity of the unsaturated resin.
Examples of typical polyhydric aicohols are ethylene glycol; 1,2-propane diol; 1 ,3-p.ropane diol; diethylene glycol; dipropylene glycol; triethylene glycol; tripropylene glycol; 1-,2-butane diol; 1,3-butane diol; 1,Sbutane diol; neopentyl glycol; 2,2,5-trimethylpentane diol; cyclohexanedimethanol; dibromoneopentyl glycol; dibromobutane diol; trimethylolpropane; pentaerythritol; trimethylpentane dior; dipropoxy adducts of hydrogenated bis phenol A.
Examples of saturated polybasic acids are isophthalic acid; orthophthalic acid, terephthalic acid; tetrabromophthalic acid; tetrachlorophthalic acid; tetrahydrophthalic acid; adipic acid; succinic acid; azelaic acid; glutaric acid; nadic acid and the various anhydrides obtained therefrom.
Examples of unsaturated polybasic acids are maleic acids; fumaric acid, itaconic acid, citraconic acid and anhydrides obtained therefrom.
Examples of peroxide curable cross-linking monomers employed with the linear polyesters are styrene, vinyl toluene; acrylates and methacrylates like methyl-methacrylate; alphmethyl styrene, chlorostyrene; and diallyl phthalate. The liquid unsaturated polyester resins also typically contain small amounts of inhibitors in order to prevent premature reaction, such as, for example; hydroquinone; quinone and tertiary butyl catechol. These monomers, the saturated acids, the unsaturated acids and the polyhydric compounds may be admixed together in various proportions as is known in the art in order to obtain resins with varying properties, typically in amount of up to 50% by weight; for example 5 to 45%. Such liquid resin compositions may include a wide variety of other additives to include: viscosity index improvers; rheological agents; flame retardants; thermoplastic polymers; fillers such as hollow glass or plastic microsphere beands; wood flour; silica; diatomaceous earth; pigments, dyes; stabilizers; glass fibers; release agents; extenders; catalysts; silicone surfactants; and other additives (see, for example, compounds in "Unsaturated Polyesters", Modern Plastics Encyclopedia, Volume 50, No. 10a, 1975-1974, pp. 6668 hereby incorporated by reference).
The components of the polyester resins may be varied to impart the desired Properties to the cured resin.
Typically, flexible resins employ greater amounts of adipates or azelates, while more rigid resins use phtharates, both with a variety of different glycols. Our invention is especially applicable to the manufacture of rigid and semi-rigid polyester foams useful as structural foams Resins for such uses generally have a formulation, for example, of about 3 to 7 moles of glycol, 1.5 to 3.0 moles of adipic acid, 0. to-1.5 moles of phthalic anhydride, and 2 to 4 moles of maleic anhydride, with from 1.0 to 4 moles of styrene or vinyl toluene.
The liquid unsaturated polyester resins are employed in conjunction with a free-radical curing compound or a compound capable of forming a free radical. the cross-iinking initiating compound is typically a peroxide capable of forming a free radical, particularly alkoxy-free radicals. Such peroxides are characterized by their reaction with amines metal salts or metal soaps which are a general class of agents known as accelerators or promoters and redox agents.
The plasticized blends of this invention are capable of formulation over a wide range of proportions.
Preferably, the blend should comprise between about 15% to about 85% by weight of the phosphazene plasticizer and about 85% to about 15% by weig ht of the organicpolymer, based on the mixture of the phosphazene and the organic polymer. More preferably, amounts of the above between about 20% to about 80% by weight are employed.
The novel mixtures of this invention, as mentioned above, generally have good thermal stability. The mixtures are soluble in specific organic solvents, e.g., as tetrayhydrofuran, benzene, xylene, toluene and dimethylforamamide and may be formed into films from solutions of the copolymers by evaporation of the solvent. The blends are water resistant at room temperature and do not undergo hydrolysis at high temperatures. The blends maybe used to prepare, for example, films, fibers, coatings and molding compositions.
They may be additionally blended with such additives as antioxidants, ultraviolet light absorbers, lubricants, plasticizers, dyes, pigments, fillers such as lithargemagnesia, calcium carbonate, furnace black, alumina trihydrate and hydrated silicas, other resins, or other adjuvants, known useful with the particular organic polymer, without departing from the scope of the present invention.
The plasticized blends may be used to prepare foamed products which exhibit excellent fire retardance and which produce low smoke levels, or essentially no smoke, when heated in an open flame. The foamed products may be prepared from filled or unfilled formulations using conventional foaming techniques and agents known to be useful with the organic polymer or the polyphosphazene. A review of foaming processes can be found in "Handbook of Plastics and Elastomers" (C. A. Haper, Ed.), McGraw-Hill, N.Y., N.Y., 1975, than that of the shorter side of the L, and being provided, above but adjacent to said rib, with a supplementary flange of which the extremity bears against the panel of the partition thereby limiting the extent to which the rib can enter into the slot in the sole piece section, said rib being preferably not parallel with but being slightly inclined towards the shorter side of the upright L so as to force the outermost end of said shorter side against the panel of the partition.
2. A device in accordance with Claim 1, characterised in that there are two pairs of perpendicular flanges on the face of the sole piece section which is opposite to the face which is presented against the existing interior surface, said flanges forming two slots into which a flange or flanges of a supplementary element can be inserted.
3. A device in accordance with Claim 2, characterised in that the supplementary element provided with a flange for insertion into one of the two flange slots of the sole piece section is a section, preferably made of a plastics material, comprising two opposite flat support surfaces respectively for engaging a possible central core and opaque panels of the partition, the said flange itself terminating at one side of this supplementary element in a plane parallel to but set back from one of the said support faces.
4. A device in accordance with Claim 3, characterised in that the supplementary element terminates at the other side in another flange located in a plane parallel to but set back from the other support face, this other flange including a lug adapted for fixing of a section, preferably made of aluminium, for concealing at the outermost edges adjoining an existing interior surface the joint assembly of a partition having transparent or translucent panels.
5. A device in accordance with Claim 2, characterised in that the supplementary element, provided with two flanges for insertion into said two flange slots of the sole piece section, is a profiled section, preferably made of plastics material, comprising, at the side opposite to the two aforesaid flanges, two further perpendicular flanges each providing a lug adapted for fixing a section, preferably made of aluminium, concealing at the outermost edges adjoining an existing interior surface the arrangement for jointing a partition having transparent or translucent panels.
6. Means for jointing the edges of a panel partition to adjoining enclosing surfaces such as existing floor, ceiling and side wall surfaces, said means comprising a sole piece section in the form of a plastics strip which is applied to each respective edge of the partition in combination with at least one joint cover member in the form of an L-shaped metal section which fits externally over the joint between said edge of the partition and the adjoining enclosing surface, wherein the sole piece section has opposite outer and inner faces which are respectively presented outwardly towards the adjoining enclosing surface and inwardly towards the edge of the partition, said outer face being provided with a pair of longitudinal ribs forming projecting feet which have a forked dovetail configuration in cross-section and said inner face being provided with flat seating portions on which exterior panels and, in some cases, a central core component of the partition can rest and with longitudinal upstanding flanges against or between which the edges of said panels and other component of the partition can fit, said sole piece section also being formed at opposite sides with a longitudinal slot which extends laterally into the section and opens outwardly along the respective side edge of the section, and wherein said joint cover member is designed to fit over the joint with the outermost end of its shorter limb abutting against the side face of a said exterior panel of the partition and with the outermost end of its longer limb abutting against the adjoining enclosing surface, said joint cover member also being provided on its longer limb with an internal rib which extends inwardly away from said longer limb adjacent the outermost end thereof and which fits into a respective said side slot of the sole piece section to fix the cover member in place, the length of said rib in transverse cross-section being greater than that of the shorter limb of the cover member, and, disposed above but adjacent to said rib, with a supplementaryflange of which the outermost end also abuts against the side face of said exterior panel of the partition and thereby limits the extent to which said rib enters into said side slot of the sole piece section.
7. Means as claimed in Claim 6, wherein the internal rib of the joint cover member is slightly inclined towards the shorter limb of said cover member thereby to facilitate fitting the joint cover member with close engagement between the out ermost end of its shorter limb and the side face of said exterior panel of the partition.
8. Means as claimed in Claim 6 or 7, wherein there is also provided at least one supplementary joint element which fits internally in the edge portion of the partition and wherein there are two pairs of said longitudinal upstanding flanges on the sole piece section forming two spaced apart slots which receive a flange or flanges of said supplementary joint element or elements to hold the latter in position.
9. Means as claimed in Claim 8, wherein said supplementary joint element is a profiled plastics section in which opposite faces provide support surfaces for engaging, respectively, an interior side face of the panels of the partition and a face of a central core member within the interior of the partition, and a side edge portion lying in a plane parallel to, but set back from, one of said support surfaces provides a said flange which fits in one of the said two spaced apart slots of the sole piece section.
10. Means as claimed in Claim 9, wherein the supplementary joint element has an opposite side edge portion which lies in a plane parallel to, but set back from, the other of said support surfaces and provides a second flange having means adapted to engage and locate an internal cover or spacing member for use with partitions having a double glazed construction.
GB452/78A 1977-01-11 1978-01-06 Use of diphenyl ethers as algicides Expired GB1592011A (en)

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US5221758A (en) * 1988-09-28 1993-06-22 Maynard Nigel P Method of preparing a borate organic complex anion containing salt composition
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USRE37133E1 (en) * 1988-09-28 2001-04-10 Fernz Timber Protection Limited Method of preparing a borate organic complex anion containing salt compositions
US5221758A (en) * 1988-09-28 1993-06-22 Maynard Nigel P Method of preparing a borate organic complex anion containing salt composition
EP0384661A1 (en) * 1989-02-24 1990-08-29 Rohm And Haas Company Antialgal compositions comprising diphenylethers
EP0384662A1 (en) * 1989-02-24 1990-08-29 Rohm And Haas Company Antialgal compositions comprising diphenylethers and isothiazolones, methods of controlling algae, and coating compositions comprising the antialgal compositions
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US5028261A (en) * 1989-02-24 1991-07-02 Rohm And Haas Company Antialgal compositions comprising diphenylethers and isothiazolones, methods of controlling algae, and coating compositions comprising the antialgal compositions
US5391571A (en) * 1989-11-15 1995-02-21 American Home Products Corporation Cholesterol ester hydrolase inhibitors
US5512565A (en) * 1989-11-15 1996-04-30 American Home Products Corporation Cholesterol ester hydrolase inhibitors
US5602151A (en) * 1989-11-15 1997-02-11 American Home Products Corporation Cholesterol ester hydrolase inhibitors
US5069717A (en) * 1991-01-03 1991-12-03 Rohm And Haas Company Antialgal compositions comprising diphenylethers and lysozyme, methods of controlling algae, and coating compositions comprising the antialgal compositions
US5952354A (en) * 1993-07-21 1999-09-14 American Home Products Corporation Tris carbamic acid esters: inhibitors of cholesterol absorption
US5447923A (en) * 1993-09-20 1995-09-05 The Proctor & Gamble Company Methods and compositions of diphenyl ether phosphate esters for the treatment of gastrointestinal disorders
US5451401A (en) * 1993-09-29 1995-09-19 The Procter & Gamble Company Diphosphonic acid esters as tartar control agents
US5578295A (en) * 1995-04-28 1996-11-26 The Procter & Gamble Company Oral care compositions comprising certain substituted diphenyl ethers

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FR2376627B1 (en) 1980-02-15
JPS5388323A (en) 1978-08-03
IT7819135A0 (en) 1978-01-10
FR2376627A1 (en) 1978-08-04
DE2800105A1 (en) 1978-07-13

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