GB1446417A - Electric heaters - Google Patents
Electric heatersInfo
- Publication number
- GB1446417A GB1446417A GB5148972A GB5148972A GB1446417A GB 1446417 A GB1446417 A GB 1446417A GB 5148972 A GB5148972 A GB 5148972A GB 5148972 A GB5148972 A GB 5148972A GB 1446417 A GB1446417 A GB 1446417A
- Authority
- GB
- United Kingdom
- Prior art keywords
- resistor
- terminal
- fluid
- cap
- vapour
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired
Links
- PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Alumina Chemical compound [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Al+3].[Al+3] PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract 4
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 abstract 4
- 239000010425 asbestos Substances 0.000 abstract 2
- 239000000919 ceramic Substances 0.000 abstract 2
- 238000009413 insulation Methods 0.000 abstract 2
- 229910052895 riebeckite Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract 2
- 229910001220 stainless steel Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract 2
- 239000010935 stainless steel Substances 0.000 abstract 2
- 230000001464 adherent effect Effects 0.000 abstract 1
- 230000005494 condensation Effects 0.000 abstract 1
- 238000009833 condensation Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000004020 conductor Substances 0.000 abstract 1
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000004744 fabric Substances 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 abstract 1
- PCHJSUWPFVWCPO-UHFFFAOYSA-N gold Chemical compound [Au] PCHJSUWPFVWCPO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000010931 gold Substances 0.000 abstract 1
- 229910052737 gold Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract 1
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- 230000002706 hydrostatic effect Effects 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 abstract 1
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 abstract 1
- 229910000510 noble metal Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000000123 paper Substances 0.000 abstract 1
- 230000005855 radiation Effects 0.000 abstract 1
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract 1
- 210000002268 wool Anatomy 0.000 abstract 1
Classifications
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
- F04F—PUMPING OF FLUID BY DIRECT CONTACT OF ANOTHER FLUID OR BY USING INERTIA OF FLUID TO BE PUMPED; SIPHONS
- F04F9/00—Diffusion pumps
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
- H05B3/00—Ohmic-resistance heating
- H05B3/10—Heating elements characterised by the composition or nature of the materials or by the arrangement of the conductor
- H05B3/12—Heating elements characterised by the composition or nature of the materials or by the arrangement of the conductor characterised by the composition or nature of the conductive material
- H05B3/14—Heating elements characterised by the composition or nature of the materials or by the arrangement of the conductor characterised by the composition or nature of the conductive material the material being non-metallic
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Resistance Heating (AREA)
Abstract
1446417 Vapour vacuum pumps BOC INTERNATIONAL Ltd 19 Nov 1973 [8 Nov 1972] 51489/72 Heading F1E [Also in Divisions H1 and H5] In a fluid heater, particularly for use in a vacuum pump, in which a porous hollow heating resistor 14 extends between the annular contact faces 36 of terminals 16, 18. The contact face of each terminal is knurled, grooved or serrated and provided with an adherent layer of noble metal e.g. gold, to improve the contact resistance. Terminal 16 is secured to a tubular conductor 20 provided with a current supply cap 22. Terminal 18 is connected to a perforated fluid and current supply tube 24 which is insulated from cap 22. Bellville washers 30 acting between cap 22 and an adjustable collar mounted on supply tube 24 bias the terminals against the resistor 14 and allow for thermal expansion. Thermal insulation 46 e.g. asbestos or ceramic wool prevent the direct access of cooling air to terminal 16. Condensation on the exterior of the lower terminal 18 can be prevented by lagging with asbestos or paper or cloth made from aluminium oxide fibres. Alternatively a thin walled stainless steel cap of low thermal conductivity which is perforated to prevent air at atmospheric pressure being trapped therein, may provide the thermal insulation. A sleeve of porous ceramic over inlet tube 24 removes turbulance. A porous tube 15 of alumina fibres lining tubular resistor 14 introduces a desired impedance into the fluid-flow path to reduce the effects of variations of the head of hydrostatic pressure caused by the length of the resistor. Resistor 14 is supported by a thin walled metal sleeve 40 of poor thermal conductivity e.g. stainless steel, depending from flange 38, the flange 38 being removably mounted in an apertured support 10 whose aperture is large enough to allow the resistor 14 to be freely removed for servicing. Support 10 is itself in the form of a flange which is removably supported on an apertured casing member 4. Depending from support 10 is a thin walled sleeve 8 of poor thermal conductivity to which is attached a vapour jet assembly 6. The gap between sleeves 8 and 40 is made small to exclude vaporized fluid issuing from the external surface of resistor 14 from reading and condensing on the relatively cold flanges 10, 38. Surrounding the radiation shield 2 is a pump casing 3 Fig. 2 which is water cooled by tubing 5 so that the working fluid of the vapour pump can be returned as liquid to a reservoir 7 for re-use, while the pumped gases are passed to a rotary vacuum pump 9 downstream of the vapour vacuum pump.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| GB5148972A GB1446417A (en) | 1972-11-08 | 1972-11-08 | Electric heaters |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| GB5148972A GB1446417A (en) | 1972-11-08 | 1972-11-08 | Electric heaters |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| GB1446417A true GB1446417A (en) | 1976-08-18 |
Family
ID=10460229
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| GB5148972A Expired GB1446417A (en) | 1972-11-08 | 1972-11-08 | Electric heaters |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| GB (1) | GB1446417A (en) |
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US4327271A (en) * | 1979-05-18 | 1982-04-27 | United Kingdom Atomic Energy Authority | Condensation heating apparatus |
| US4461950A (en) * | 1982-08-17 | 1984-07-24 | The Foxboro Company | Heater for air bath oven |
-
1972
- 1972-11-08 GB GB5148972A patent/GB1446417A/en not_active Expired
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US4327271A (en) * | 1979-05-18 | 1982-04-27 | United Kingdom Atomic Energy Authority | Condensation heating apparatus |
| US4461950A (en) * | 1982-08-17 | 1984-07-24 | The Foxboro Company | Heater for air bath oven |
Similar Documents
| Publication | Publication Date | Title |
|---|---|---|
| GB1435132A (en) | Heat transfer device | |
| GB1483257A (en) | Air heating apparatus | |
| GB1446417A (en) | Electric heaters | |
| JPS59105286A (en) | Electrode with heat pipe | |
| GB1094955A (en) | Electron discharge device with cooling system | |
| GB1395494A (en) | Vaporisers | |
| GB1424623A (en) | Respiratory gas conditioner | |
| JPS57187557A (en) | Apparatus for heat exchange of water with ground utilizing double pipe | |
| GB917181A (en) | Improvements in or relating to heated rolls | |
| ES8106964A1 (en) | Solar water heater with pyramidal reservoir - has convection currents established under influence of solar radiation causing hottest water to collect at apex (PT 12.12.80) | |
| CN105509306A (en) | Storage type water heater with nanometer quartz glass far-infrared heating element | |
| US4063067A (en) | Furnace for heating a circulating gas stream especially for producing molecular jets | |
| GB1282555A (en) | High vacuum ejector pump | |
| CN218360010U (en) | Spraying device | |
| GB1396507A (en) | Cryostat | |
| GB1040743A (en) | Improvements in electrically heated rollers | |
| McRitchie et al. | Design of a High‐Temperature Resistance Furnace | |
| JP2658368B2 (en) | Liquid chromatograph | |
| CN215689791U (en) | Atomization device capable of automatically adjusting air pressure | |
| JPS607360B2 (en) | heating furnace | |
| GB1182421A (en) | Fluid Heaters | |
| GRAVES et al. | Preliminary study of a wall stabilized constructed arc(Numerical technique for obtaining solutions to governing equations for gas flowing in axially symmetric constricted-arc heaters) | |
| Zhitkevich et al. | Investigation of local and average heat transfer between a sphere and an airstream | |
| JPS5594159A (en) | Gas chromatograph | |
| GB1275263A (en) | Electrically heated gas guns |
Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| PS | Patent sealed | ||
| 732 | Registration of transactions, instruments or events in the register (sect. 32/1977) | ||
| 732 | Registration of transactions, instruments or events in the register (sect. 32/1977) | ||
| PCNP | Patent ceased through non-payment of renewal fee |
Effective date: 19921119 |