GB1243464A - Stored-programme controlled data-processing systems - Google Patents
Stored-programme controlled data-processing systemsInfo
- Publication number
- GB1243464A GB1243464A GB291369A GB291369A GB1243464A GB 1243464 A GB1243464 A GB 1243464A GB 291369 A GB291369 A GB 291369A GB 291369 A GB291369 A GB 291369A GB 1243464 A GB1243464 A GB 1243464A
- Authority
- GB
- United Kingdom
- Prior art keywords
- processor
- highway
- processors
- data
- highways
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired
Links
Classifications
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
- G06F—ELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING
- G06F11/00—Error detection; Error correction; Monitoring
- G06F11/07—Responding to the occurrence of a fault, e.g. fault tolerance
- G06F11/16—Error detection or correction of the data by redundancy in hardware
- G06F11/20—Error detection or correction of the data by redundancy in hardware using active fault-masking, e.g. by switching out faulty elements or by switching in spare elements
- G06F11/202—Error detection or correction of the data by redundancy in hardware using active fault-masking, e.g. by switching out faulty elements or by switching in spare elements where processing functionality is redundant
- G06F11/2023—Failover techniques
- G06F11/2025—Failover techniques using centralised failover control functionality
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
- G06F—ELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING
- G06F11/00—Error detection; Error correction; Monitoring
- G06F11/07—Responding to the occurrence of a fault, e.g. fault tolerance
- G06F11/16—Error detection or correction of the data by redundancy in hardware
- G06F11/20—Error detection or correction of the data by redundancy in hardware using active fault-masking, e.g. by switching out faulty elements or by switching in spare elements
- G06F11/202—Error detection or correction of the data by redundancy in hardware using active fault-masking, e.g. by switching out faulty elements or by switching in spare elements where processing functionality is redundant
- G06F11/2023—Failover techniques
- G06F11/2028—Failover techniques eliminating a faulty processor or activating a spare
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
- G06F—ELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING
- G06F11/00—Error detection; Error correction; Monitoring
- G06F11/07—Responding to the occurrence of a fault, e.g. fault tolerance
- G06F11/16—Error detection or correction of the data by redundancy in hardware
- G06F11/20—Error detection or correction of the data by redundancy in hardware using active fault-masking, e.g. by switching out faulty elements or by switching in spare elements
- G06F11/202—Error detection or correction of the data by redundancy in hardware using active fault-masking, e.g. by switching out faulty elements or by switching in spare elements where processing functionality is redundant
- G06F11/2038—Error detection or correction of the data by redundancy in hardware using active fault-masking, e.g. by switching out faulty elements or by switching in spare elements where processing functionality is redundant with a single idle spare processing component
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
- G06F—ELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING
- G06F11/00—Error detection; Error correction; Monitoring
- G06F11/07—Responding to the occurrence of a fault, e.g. fault tolerance
- G06F11/16—Error detection or correction of the data by redundancy in hardware
- G06F11/20—Error detection or correction of the data by redundancy in hardware using active fault-masking, e.g. by switching out faulty elements or by switching in spare elements
- G06F11/202—Error detection or correction of the data by redundancy in hardware using active fault-masking, e.g. by switching out faulty elements or by switching in spare elements where processing functionality is redundant
- G06F11/2046—Error detection or correction of the data by redundancy in hardware using active fault-masking, e.g. by switching out faulty elements or by switching in spare elements where processing functionality is redundant where the redundant components share persistent storage
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
- G06F—ELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING
- G06F15/00—Digital computers in general; Data processing equipment in general
- G06F15/16—Combinations of two or more digital computers each having at least an arithmetic unit, a program unit and a register, e.g. for a simultaneous processing of several programs
- G06F15/161—Computing infrastructure, e.g. computer clusters, blade chassis or hardware partitioning
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04Q—SELECTING
- H04Q3/00—Selecting arrangements
- H04Q3/42—Circuit arrangements for indirect selecting controlled by common circuits, e.g. register controller, marker
- H04Q3/54—Circuit arrangements for indirect selecting controlled by common circuits, e.g. register controller, marker in which the logic circuitry controlling the exchange is centralised
- H04Q3/545—Circuit arrangements for indirect selecting controlled by common circuits, e.g. register controller, marker in which the logic circuitry controlling the exchange is centralised using a stored programme
- H04Q3/54541—Circuit arrangements for indirect selecting controlled by common circuits, e.g. register controller, marker in which the logic circuitry controlling the exchange is centralised using a stored programme using multi-processor systems
- H04Q3/5455—Multi-processor, parallelism, distributed systems
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
- G06F—ELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING
- G06F11/00—Error detection; Error correction; Monitoring
- G06F11/07—Responding to the occurrence of a fault, e.g. fault tolerance
- G06F11/16—Error detection or correction of the data by redundancy in hardware
- G06F11/20—Error detection or correction of the data by redundancy in hardware using active fault-masking, e.g. by switching out faulty elements or by switching in spare elements
- G06F11/202—Error detection or correction of the data by redundancy in hardware using active fault-masking, e.g. by switching out faulty elements or by switching in spare elements where processing functionality is redundant
- G06F11/2043—Error detection or correction of the data by redundancy in hardware using active fault-masking, e.g. by switching out faulty elements or by switching in spare elements where processing functionality is redundant where the redundant components share a common memory address space
Abstract
1,243,464. Digital data processor. PLESSEY TELECOMMUNICATIONS RESEARCH Ltd. 9 Jan., 1970 [17 Jan., 1969], No. 2913/69. Heading G4A. [Also in Divisions H3-H5] Control of a system, such as a reed-relay trunk switching network, is effected by a number of asynchronously operating data processors which are functionally interchangeable and each of which operates in respect of a fraction of the programmes required for operation of the total system, a group of data transmission highways being provided so that processor to processor and processor to peripheral data transmission can be effected as and when required by seizure of an idle one of the highways. As shown the switching network SN is controlled by markers M and has incoming and outgoing junctions ILE, OLE served by scanners IS and OS. The data processors P1 to PN receive data from and send data to the peripheral markers and scanners by way of three highways H1, H2, H3, which form a closed loop. Each processor and peripheral has access to the highways by means of a highway station such as HSP4 comprising a buffer store HDB and a so-called logic station CL1, CL2, CL3, for each highway. Each highway is a 15-conductor cable, 10 carrying data; 4 carrying a code to indicate the type of data, and 1 being used as a gating sign . Data circulates in an anti-clockwise direction and in their idle conditions the logic stations CL provide continuity for their respective highways. An idle highway is characterized by a particular code present in the highway. The processors P1 to PN are of preferably identical structure, each processor being loaded with one or more programmes up to a maximum of 16. The presence of a particular programme is advertized in the associated highway station by means of a so-called symbolic address so that demands for service may be routed to an appropriate processor. The processors are also given hardware addresses which are necessary in fault location and programme loading routine. Highway protocol.-The example of processor P4 sending an instruction to a marker M is given. The highway station HSP4 in response to a processor request seizes a free highway and breaks the highway loop so that its ends are terminated on the buffer HDB. The processor then sends its priority status as a code round the highway in order to sort out concurrent seizure situations. If the priority code is received back from round the loop the channel is deemed clear and available. If a higher priority code is received from another seizure attempt the processor withdraws and applies for seizure of an idle highway afresh. Given a clear highway the processor sends the identity of the wanted peripheral which picks up its own code and responds to break the highway loop and send back its own address together with a free or busy code. If the peripheral is busy the processor retires and attempts a connection at a later time. If the peripheral is free the returned address is checked and a code is sent to determine the mode of operation of the peripheral. Given a satisfactory reversion of this data a series of data characters are sent to build up a data block. The peripheral on its own judgment reverts an end-of-block code the correct positioning of which is tested by the processor before it retires having completed the instruction. Service peripherals.-Bulk data storage is provided by tape, drum, and core stores MTS, DS and CS which a tape reader, output printer, and control console TR, OP, and MC are also provided. Each of these facilities has a corresponding highway station for data transmission over the highway loops. To effect data retrieval from bulk storage for purposes such as class-ofservice codes, route translation codes, or switching network map data, an access instruction is sent followed by a transmit instruction with the requesting processor changing over to a receive mode. Fault routines.-Each processor has a fault response based on a hardware micro-programme. Where a process deems itself faulty in the pursuit of a programme the symbolic address advertizing this programme on the highways is withdrawn. Processor P1 is held spare to take-up functions that are withdrawn from faulty processors, processors P2 and P3 being employed as duplicated supervisory processors to effect recording among the processors. A clean duplicate of all programmes is available in the tape store MTS whereby the spare processor P1 or any other spare capacity may be called in to replace lost programme capacity. If necessary programmes of low priority may be withdrawn to make space for programmes being relocated. Alternative highway configurations.-In place of the single loop of highways common to all processors and peripherals two loops may be provided, the first loop of three highways embracing all the network peripherals and the processors while a second loop of seven highways embraces the service peripherals and the processors, Fig. 2, not shown. In this arrangement processor to processor transmissions have a choice of ten highways . The processor network peripheral highway loops may be comprised of two groups of three, each group serving a set of scanners and markers corresponding to a particular section of the network or corresponding to a separate network, Fig. 3, not shown. The processors may be duplicated, a first set of processors may be duplicated, a first set of processors being looped to a first set of network k peripherals, the second set of processors being separately looped to a second set of network peripherals and all the processors in both sets being looped by a yet further group of highways to a common set of service peripherals, Fig. 4, not shown. Instead of being placed in the highway loop common to both sets of processors the common service peripherals may be embraced by separate loops to each set of processors, Fig. 5, not shown.
Priority Applications (4)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
GB291369A GB1243464A (en) | 1969-01-17 | 1969-01-17 | Stored-programme controlled data-processing systems |
FR7001339A FR2028517A1 (en) | 1969-01-17 | 1970-01-15 | |
DE19702001832 DE2001832C3 (en) | 1969-01-17 | 1970-01-16 | Memory-programmed data processing arrangement |
NL7000738A NL166169C (en) | 1969-01-17 | 1970-01-19 | SYSTEM FOR PROCESSING DATA ACCORDING TO A STORED PROGAM. |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
GB291369A GB1243464A (en) | 1969-01-17 | 1969-01-17 | Stored-programme controlled data-processing systems |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
GB1243464A true GB1243464A (en) | 1971-08-18 |
Family
ID=9748435
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
GB291369A Expired GB1243464A (en) | 1969-01-17 | 1969-01-17 | Stored-programme controlled data-processing systems |
Country Status (4)
Country | Link |
---|---|
DE (1) | DE2001832C3 (en) |
FR (1) | FR2028517A1 (en) |
GB (1) | GB1243464A (en) |
NL (1) | NL166169C (en) |
Cited By (6)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE2741379A1 (en) * | 1977-09-14 | 1979-03-15 | Siemens Ag | COMPUTER SYSTEM |
EP0062463A1 (en) * | 1981-03-31 | 1982-10-13 | British Telecommunications | Computer or processor control systems |
US4757497A (en) * | 1986-12-03 | 1988-07-12 | Lan-Tel, Inc. | Local area voice/data communications and switching system |
US5544163A (en) * | 1994-03-08 | 1996-08-06 | Excel, Inc. | Expandable telecommunications system |
GB2328352A (en) * | 1997-08-12 | 1999-02-17 | Lucent Technologies Uk Limited | Redundant communication network |
US6278718B1 (en) | 1996-08-29 | 2001-08-21 | Excel, Inc. | Distributed network synchronization system |
Families Citing this family (9)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CH584488A5 (en) * | 1975-05-05 | 1977-01-31 | Ibm | |
GB2125254B (en) * | 1982-07-30 | 1985-10-23 | Plessey Company The | Telecommunications digital switchblock |
FR2538662B1 (en) * | 1982-12-22 | 1988-04-29 | Trt Telecom Radio Electr | TELEPHONE SWITCHING SYSTEM |
GB2143403B (en) * | 1983-07-15 | 1986-10-29 | Standard Telephones Cables Ltd | Telecommunication exchange |
DE3334792A1 (en) * | 1983-09-26 | 1984-11-08 | Siemens AG, 1000 Berlin und 8000 München | CENTRAL CONTROL UNIT OF A SWITCHING SYSTEM, IN PARTICULAR TELEPHONE SWITCHING SYSTEM |
FR2591777B1 (en) * | 1985-12-13 | 1991-03-15 | Cimsa Sintra | HIGH OPERATING SECURITY COMPUTER NETWORK AND CONTROL METHOD USING SUCH A NETWORK |
EP0764302B1 (en) * | 1994-06-10 | 1998-12-02 | Texas Micro Inc. | Main memory system and checkpointing protocol for fault-tolerant computer system |
US5864657A (en) * | 1995-11-29 | 1999-01-26 | Texas Micro, Inc. | Main memory system and checkpointing protocol for fault-tolerant computer system |
US5737514A (en) * | 1995-11-29 | 1998-04-07 | Texas Micro, Inc. | Remote checkpoint memory system and protocol for fault-tolerant computer system |
-
1969
- 1969-01-17 GB GB291369A patent/GB1243464A/en not_active Expired
-
1970
- 1970-01-15 FR FR7001339A patent/FR2028517A1/fr active Pending
- 1970-01-16 DE DE19702001832 patent/DE2001832C3/en not_active Expired
- 1970-01-19 NL NL7000738A patent/NL166169C/en not_active IP Right Cessation
Cited By (11)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE2741379A1 (en) * | 1977-09-14 | 1979-03-15 | Siemens Ag | COMPUTER SYSTEM |
EP0062463A1 (en) * | 1981-03-31 | 1982-10-13 | British Telecommunications | Computer or processor control systems |
US4757497A (en) * | 1986-12-03 | 1988-07-12 | Lan-Tel, Inc. | Local area voice/data communications and switching system |
US5544163A (en) * | 1994-03-08 | 1996-08-06 | Excel, Inc. | Expandable telecommunications system |
US5737320A (en) * | 1994-03-08 | 1998-04-07 | Excel Switching Corporation | Methods of communication for expandable telecommunication system |
US5864551A (en) * | 1994-03-08 | 1999-01-26 | Excel Switching Corporation | Method of operating a bridge for expandable telecommunications system |
US6002683A (en) * | 1994-03-08 | 1999-12-14 | Excel Switching Corporation | Bridge for expandable telecommunications system |
US6118779A (en) * | 1994-03-08 | 2000-09-12 | Excel Switching Corp. | Apparatus and method for interfacing processing resources to a telecommunications switching system |
US6522646B1 (en) | 1994-03-08 | 2003-02-18 | Excel Switching Co. | Expandable telecommunications system |
US6278718B1 (en) | 1996-08-29 | 2001-08-21 | Excel, Inc. | Distributed network synchronization system |
GB2328352A (en) * | 1997-08-12 | 1999-02-17 | Lucent Technologies Uk Limited | Redundant communication network |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
DE2001832B2 (en) | 1980-05-29 |
DE2001832A1 (en) | 1970-07-30 |
NL166169B (en) | 1981-01-15 |
FR2028517A1 (en) | 1970-10-09 |
NL166169C (en) | 1981-06-15 |
DE2001832C3 (en) | 1981-02-05 |
NL7000738A (en) | 1970-07-21 |
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