FR3140771A3 - CARDBOARD HOUSE IN THE SHAPE OF A CHALET AND CARDBOARD BLANK FOR MAKING SUCH A HOUSE - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention proposes a part of a house (100) made of three-dimensional cardboard capable of resting on the ground, characterized in that it comprises a piece (24) of vertical walls comprising a lower horizontal edge (18) capable of resting on the floor, and comprising: a front wall front panel (28), a left wall side panel and a right wall side panel (30D); and a roof part (26) comprising: a left slope inclined panel (60G) and a right slope inclined panel (60D) which extends the left slope inclined panel (60G) along a ridge line (62) orthogonal to the plane of the front wall panel (28), whereby the house part (100) is shaped into a chalet part. Figure for abstract: 10

Description

CARDBOARD HOUSE IN THE SHAPE OF A CHALET AND CARDBOARD BLANK FOR MAKING SUCH A HOUSE Technical field of the invention

The present invention relates to toys made of cardboard, or similar materials, in three dimensions and of a so-called interactive nature which are in particular large enough to play with indoors.

The invention relates more particularly to a cardboard toy in the shape of a part of a house capable of resting on the ground, and a cardboard blank for making such a toy in the shape of a part of a house.

The invention relates in particular to a toy in the shape of a part of a house shaped into a chalet, and a cardboard blank for making such a part of a chalet.

Technical background

We know of numerous examples of toys or play structures as defined above which allow one or more children, or an animal, to interact with the toy by evolving in particular inside the toy.

The toy is for example in the form of a house (or cabin or tent) or a vehicle (car, boat, plane, rocket).

The invention proposes a part of a house and a house made of cardboard and a cardboard blank for the production of such a large toy which allows shaping in three dimensions and simple assembly and leading to the production of a particularly rigid and resistant toy.

The invention proposes a part of a three-dimensional cardboard house capable of resting on the ground, characterized in that it comprises:
- a piece of vertical walls comprising a lower horizontal edge capable of resting on the ground, and comprising:
-- a front wall panel;
-- a left wall side panel;
-- a right wall side panel;
- and a roof piece comprising:
-- an inclined panel on the left side;
-- and an inclined panel on the right slope which extends the inclined panel on the left slope along a ridge line orthogonal to the plane of the front panel of the facade wall,
thanks to which the house part is shaped into a chalet part.

According to other characteristics of the house part:
- the front façade wall panel comprises a horizontal tie bar panel which extends the upper edge of the front façade wall panel horizontally towards the outside of the house part;
- the front panel of the facade wall comprises two opposite left and right struts which are oblique to the vertical and each of which cooperates with a corresponding left and right inclined slope panel;
- each left and right side wall panel extends, vertically upwards beyond the horizontal plane in which the upper edge of the front facade wall panel extends, by a vertical left and right assembly part which is 'extends projecting through a complementary recess formed in a corresponding inclined slope panel left, right respectively;
- one of said vertical assembly parts is a vertical plate which extends an associated side wall panel and which extends projecting through a complementary slot of the inclined slope panel corresponding to said associated side wall panel;
- the other of said vertical assembly parts is shaped into a part of a chimney, which extends an associated side wall panel and which extends projecting through a complementary rectangular cutout of the inclined slope panel corresponding to said side panel associated wall;
- each left and right inclined slope panel extends downwards beyond the vertical plane in which the corresponding left and right side wall panel extends;
- at least one inclined slope panel is extended by a free hooking end tab which is received in a complementary slot 181) formed in said corresponding wall side panel;
- the front panel of the facade wall comprises at least one opening forming an access door to the interior of the part of the house;
- said access opening is delimited by a horizontal upper edge, and in that each left and right strut extends vertically and obliquely upwards from this horizontal upper edge;
- at least one of the inclined slope panels has an opening forming a roof window.

The invention also proposes a rectangular cardboard blank, for the production of a part of a house according to the invention, which is delimited by a lower longitudinal edge, an upper longitudinal edge, and by two opposite vertical side edges with longitudinal ends. , characterized in that the piece of walls is delimited by said lower longitudinal edge of the cardboard blank.

According to other characteristics of the cardboard blank:
- the roof piece extends between the wall piece and the upper longitudinal edge of the cardboard blank;
- the height of the cardboard blank is between 1.10 and 1.80 meters, and in particular equal to 1.62 meters, and its length is between 2.30 and 3.30 meters, and in particular equal to 2.921 meters.

Brief descriptions of the figures

Other characteristics and advantages of the invention will appear during reading of the detailed description which follows, for the understanding of which we will refer to the appended drawings in which:

- there is a plan view of an exemplary embodiment of a cardboard blank for producing a play structure in the form of part of a house according to the invention shaped like a chalet;

- there is a plan view of the piece of walls of the house part according to the invention before its conformation in three dimensions;

- there is a three-quarter front perspective view of the room's walls which is represented after a first conformation step in three dimensions;

- there is a view analogous to that of the on which the piece of walls is represented after a following step of conformation in three dimensions;

- there is a view analogous to that of the on which the piece of walls is represented after a following step of conformation in three dimensions;

- there is a view analogous to that of the on which the piece of walls is represented after a final conformation step in three dimensions;

- there is a plan view of the roof part of the house part according to the invention before its conformation in three dimensions;

- there is a three-quarter front perspective view of the roof piece of the shown after different folding stages for its three-dimensional conformation;

- there is a front three-quarter perspective view which represents a first step in installing the roof piece of the on the piece of walls of the ;

- there is a view analogous to that of the which represents a next step of assembly and fixing of the roof piece of the on the piece of walls of the ;
- there is a view analogous to that of the on which the part of a chalet-shaped house according to the invention is represented at the end of all the operations necessary for the assembly, mounting and fixing of all the parts and elements which constitute it.

Detailed description of the invention

For the description of the invention and the understanding of the claims, we will adopt without limitation the vertical, longitudinal and transverse orientations according to the reference V, L, T indicated in the figures whose longitudinal axes L and transverse T extend in a horizontal plane.

By convention, the vertical axis is oriented from bottom to top, the longitudinal axis L is oriented from right to left considering the part of the house seen from the front from the outside, while the transverse axis T is oriented from back to front.

In the description which follows, identical, similar or analogous elements will be designated by the same reference numerals.

Example of production
There is a plan view which represents a cardboard blank 10 of generally rectangular shape whose length is oriented along the horizontal direction of the longitudinal axis L and whose width is oriented along the vertical axis V.

Cardboard blank 10 is designed to make it possible to make a part of a three-dimensional cardboard house in the shape of a part of a chalet.

In order to obtain a structure of great rigidity, the cardboard blank 10 is for example a single-corrugated, double-sided corrugated cardboard blank, comprising an intermediate corrugated paper arranged between two smooth faces constituting respectively a back 12 and a front 14 of the blank of cardboard 10.

The corrugated cardboard grooves extend here according to the height “H” of the cardboard blank. This orientation of the grooves corresponds to the vertical direction of the wall panels, and to the orientation of the ridge line of the roofing piece.

The thickness of the corrugated cardboard from which the blank 10 is cut is for example equal to 4mm.

In known manner, the production of the corrugated cardboard blank 10 comprises:
- graphic or physical marking operations, on at least one of the two opposite faces 12 and 14 of the cardboard blank 10, to include for example decorative elements and patterns, indications of lines or traces for the production the play structure, or marking elements providing information relating to the process or instructions for producing the play structure in three dimensions;
- cutting out certain areas or parts, including making slots;
- pre-cutting certain areas or parts so as to subsequently facilitate certain localized folding operations and/or separation operations – complete or partial – of parts belonging in particular, but not exclusively – to one or the other of the two parts main features of the play structure.

As we can see in the , before any first folding or uncoupling operations, the cardboard blank 10 is generally in the form of a large rectangular planar blank which is notably delimited by pairs of parallel and opposite edges upper 16, lower 18, left 20 and right 22 which are rectilinear and generally continuous.

The cardboard blank 10 is designed to allow the creation of a three-dimensional game structure which is presented here in the form of at least one “part” 100 (See ) of a large house or cabin shaped like a part of a mountain chalet which in itself constitutes a three-dimensional play structure which can be used by children who can enter it and easily stand there.

This part of the chalet has a front wall and side walls, but here it is open at the back.

We represented at the a main horizontal folding line LHP which extends here halfway between the opposite horizontal edges 16 and 18 to mark the division of the cardboard blank 10 into two horizontal sections lower THI and upper THS.

In practice, the horizontal LHP folding line has a width or thickness of approximately 5 mm.

The two horizontal sections THI, THS are here of the same height HI, HS equal to 807.5 mm, i.e. a total height “H” equal to 1620 mm for cardboard blank 10.

We have also represented four vertical folding lines LVP1, LVP2, LVP3 and LVP4 to mark here the division of the cardboard blank 10 into five consecutive vertical panels PV1, PV2, PV3, PV4 and PV5.

The four vertical panels PV1, PV2, PV4 and PV5 are here of the same length equal to 585 mm while the intermediate and central vertical panel PV3 has a slightly reduced length equal to 581 mm, i.e. a total length “L” equal to 2921 mm for cardboard blank 10 (Neglecting the length or thickness of each of the four vertical folding lines LVP1 to LVP4).

In practice, each vertical folding line has a length or thickness of a few millimeters.

At the intersection of the horizontal folding line LHP with each of the three vertical folding lines LVP1, LVP3 and LVP4, the cardboard blank 10 comprises a hollowed-out zone 11, or alternatively a zone of reduced thickness of the cardboard produced by partial crushing located.

The folding lines LHP and LVP1 to LVP4 thus mark the division of the cardboard blank 10 – delimited by the two vertical edges left 20 and right 22 – into ten rectangular sectors.

From such a cardboard blank 10, and as described and represented in patent application no. FR2202386, packaging can be produced allowing the presentation and commercial distribution of a part of a house 100.

This step consists of folding the cardboard blank 10 and using one or more packaging closing elements or links.

For this purpose, an accordion or portfolio folding is carried out by carrying out at least one folding operation around at least one of the horizontal and/or vertical folding lines.

Once these successive folding operations have been carried out, we can obtain a folded state known as packaging according to a generally rectangular template whose area corresponds to that of a rectangular sector with dimensions height x length substantially equal to 810m x 585mm.

To complete the production of the packaging, it is surrounded by means of one or more elongated closing or strapping elements of the packaging.

We thus have a packaged product of reduced dimensions.

After purchasing the product, the production of a part of the house 100 continues by unfolding the cardboard blank to put it back flat, that is to say again in its state shown in .

In the cardboard blank 10, the roof piece 26 is delimited vertically by the upper longitudinal edge 16 of the wall piece 24 and by the upper longitudinal edge 16 of the cardboard blank and extends substantially over the entire length "L" cardboard blank 10.

The wall piece 24 is delimited vertically upwards by the roofing piece 26 and downwards by the lower longitudinal edge 18 of the cardboard blank. It extends substantially over the entire length “L” of the cardboard blank.

By following the instructions for creating the part of the house, the user will carry out various operations of total or partial separation of the two main parts of walls 24 and roof 26.

These operations may aim to remove parts to make openings, to detach parts which will then be used to constitute accessories to be assembled with the main parts or to be associated with them, or even to partially detach parts which remain connected to one of the two main rooms.

After having carried out all or part of these uncoupling operations, the production of the part of the house continues with different folding operations in order to conform in three dimensions on the one hand the part of walls 24 and on the other hand the part of roof 26.

The wall room 24
The wall piece 24 includes a vertical front wall panel 28, a left wall side panel 30G, and a right wall side panel 30D.

Considering for example Figures 2 and 3, the left side wall panel 30G is connected to the left longitudinal edge of the facade wall panel 28 along a folding line 29G corresponding to a section of the vertical folding line LVP1 of the blank of cardboard 10.

The right wall side panel 30D is connected to the right longitudinal edge of the facade wall panel 28 along a vertical folding line 29D located between the third vertical folding line LVP3 and the fourth vertical folding line LVP4.

The left side wall panel 30G is delimited transversely towards the rear by a rear vertical edge 31G beyond which the wall piece 24 extends by a small left rear vertical and longitudinal panel 32G providing a stiffening and stabilizing function. and participating in the fixing of the roof part 26.

The right side wall panel 30D is delimited transversely towards the rear by a rear vertical edge 31D beyond which the wall piece 24 extends by a small right rear vertical and longitudinal panel 32D ensuring in particular a function of stiffening, of stabilization and participating in the fixing of the roof part 26.

The facade wall 28 is delimited substantially over its entire length by a horizontal upper longitudinal edge 38 beyond which it extends by a longitudinal entry panel 40 which, once folded along the folding line constituted by the upper edge 38 and shaped in three dimensions, extends in a horizontal plane and towards the outside of the house part 100.

The entry panel 40 is delimited by a longitudinal edge 42 which here has at each of these ends a fixing tab 177G, 177D.

The left wall side panel 30G extends, vertically upwards beyond the horizontal plane in which the upper edge 38 of the facade panel 28 extends, by a vertical left assembly part 44G.

The right wall side panel 30D extends, vertically upwards beyond the horizontal plane in which the upper edge 38 of the facade panel 28 extends, by a straight vertical assembly part 44D.

This straight vertical assembly part 44D extends partially along the adjacent part of the facade panel 28, over the entire length of the right side wall panel 30D and partially along the adjacent part of the small rear vertical and longitudinal panel right 32D.

As can be seen in particular in Figures 3 and 10, in its central part (Here substantially at mid-length but slightly offset to the left), the facade wall panel 28 has an opening 34 constituting an access door to the inside the house part 100, passing through the facade wall 28.

The opening 34 is made by partially cutting a portion 35 of the cardboard blank, initially present in the cardboard blank 10, and it has the shape of an isosceles trapezoid which is delimited by an upper edge horizontal 36 corresponding to a fold line of said portion of the cardboard blank, and by two oblique side edges 38G and 38D.

The opening 34 is open in the lower horizontal edge of the facade wall 28 which corresponds to the lower longitudinal and horizontal edge 18 of the cardboard blank 10.

The portion 35 of the cardboard blank 10 which is connected to the facade wall panel 28 along the folding line 36 comprises an upper horizontal strip 46 delimited by a lower folding line 48 and which extends between two opposite left oblique struts 50G and straight line 50D, each of which is delimited by an oblique side edge 38G, 38D, by another parallel oblique side edge 39G, 39D, and by a free end edge 51G, 51D.

The strip 46 and the two struts 50G and 50D together constitute a planar element which is articulated along the folding line 36 relative to the facade wall panel 28.

Here, for the three-dimensional conformation of the facade wall panel 28, the assembly 46-50G-50D is able to pivot inwards so as to be able to extend vertically upwards along a portion in opposite the interior face of the facade wall panel 28 (See and 11) with the two struts 50G and 50D which extend vertically upwards beyond the horizontal plane in which the upper edge 38 of the front wall panel 28 extends.

Between the two struts 50G, 50D, and beyond the strip 46, the portion 35 of the cardboard blank 10 is extended by a rectangular part for reinforcing and maintaining the assembly 46-50G-50D comprising a first horizontal strip 52 , an intermediate horizontal strip 54 and a free end section 56.

From its initial state plan illustrated in , the piece of vertical walls is shaped in three dimensions according to the successive stages of folding and separation illustrated in Figures 3 to 6.

As can be seen in Figures 4 to 6, the assembly 46-50G-50D is progressively pivoted around the folding line 36 and, simultaneously, the parts 52, 54 and 56 are "wound" around a corresponding portion of the horizontal entrance panel 40.

As can be seen in Figures 6 and 11, in the final three-dimensionally shaped state of the end section 56, each of the two opposite side edges 57G, 57D of the latter comprises a slot 157G, 157D which is received in a complementary slot 138G, 138D formed in a corresponding edge 38G, 38D.

The roof part 26
The main roof part 26 comprises a left slope inclined panel 60G and a right slope inclined panel 60G which extends the left slope panel 60G in the longitudinal direction and to which it is connected by a ridge line 62 which corresponds to a section of the vertical folding line LVP2.

In the assembled position of the roof piece 26 on the wall piece 24, in the design example illustrated in the figures, the ridge line 62 is transverse and it is orthogonal to the vertical and longitudinal plane in which the front panel extends of facade wall 28.

The ridge line 62 is then located in a median vertical and transverse plane of the access opening 34 and each left inclined slope panel 60G, right 60D extends downwards beyond the vertical plane in which the ridge extends. corresponding wall side panel left 30G, right 30D.

The two left side panels 60G and right 60D are of the same constant width and they are delimited by a front longitudinal edge 64 and a rear longitudinal edge 66.

The left slope inclined panel 60G extends between the ridge line 62 and a left end transverse edge 68G, while the right slope inclined panel 60D extends between the ridge line 62 and a transverse edge of right end 68D.

As can be seen in particular in Figures 7 to 9, the right-sided inclined panel 60D is longer than the left-sided inclined panel 60G.

In the vicinity of its left end transverse edge 68G, the left slope inclined panel 60G comprises a transverse slot 70G which is capable of receiving and being crossed by the left vertical assembly part 44G and the upper part of the small vertical panel and left rear longitudinal 32G of left wall side panel 30G.

In the vicinity of its right end transverse edge 68D, the right slope inclined panel 60D comprises a transverse rectangular cutout 70D which is capable of receiving and being crossed by the right vertical assembly part 44D and the upper part of the small panel right rear vertical and longitudinal 32D of right side wall panel 30D.

The area of the cardboard blank 10 corresponding to the rectangular cutout 70D comprises an internal panel 72, or flap, which is connected to the inclined right-sided panel 60D by a transverse folding line 74 so as to be able to occupy a final position after assembly in which it extends vertically above the inclined panel of right slope 60D (See figures 9 to 11).

Beyond the front longitudinal edge 64, each inclined panel of left slope 60G and right 60D is extended over its entire length by a left front reinforcing strip 76G and right 76D while, beyond the rear longitudinal edge 66, each panel inclined slope of left 60G and right 60D is extended over its entire length by a rear reinforcement strip left 78G and right 78D.

Beyond its right end transverse edge 68D, the right slope inclined panel 60D is extended by a free end tab 80 in two sections 79 and 81.

The tab 80 constitutes a tab for attaching the right part of the roofing piece 26 to the right side wall panel 30D which for this purpose comprises a transverse horizontal attachment slot 181 in which the free end section is received 81 of tab 80.

In the vicinity of the front longitudinal edge 64, each inclined panel of left 60G and right 60D slope has a slot 150G, 150D which is capable of being crossed by the free end 51G, 51D of a corresponding left 50G, right 50D strut.

In the assembled position of the roof piece 26 on the wall piece 24, in the design example illustrated in the figures, the left inclined slope panel 60G extends in a plane substantially orthogonal to the plane of the right inclined slope panel 60D (See figures 8 and 10).

To maintain the two inclined slope panels 60G and 60D, the two front reinforcement strips left 76G and right 76D include a tab 75G which is received in a slot 75D.

To complete the fixing of the roof piece 26 on the wall piece 24, each front reinforcing strip 76G, 76D has a slot 77G, 77D which, in the assembled position of the roof piece 26 on the wall piece 24 receives a complementary fixing tab 177G, 177D respectively which is arranged at each of the opposite longitudinal ends of the edge 42 of the horizontal entry panel 40.

The right inclined slope panel 60D here has an opening 82 forming a roof window of rectangular outline.

The opening 82 is made by partial cutting of a portion, or flap, 84 of the cardboard blank, initially present in the cardboard blank 10, and it is delimited by a right transverse edge 86 corresponding to a folding line of this portion 84 of the cardboard blank.

The portion 84 of the cardboard blank is cut along its three other edges and it can thus occupy a final position after assembly in which it extends vertically downwards in a transverse plane to constitute an interior front face of the chimney under the shape of a fireplace mantle with two doors 88.

To maintain the portion 84 in this final state or position, one of its vertical edges has two tabs 190 which are received in two complementary slots 90 formed in the small vertical and longitudinal rear right panel 32D which extends the left wall panel 32D.

The cardboard blank 10 also includes a decorative element here in the form of a silhouette of a cat 200 which can be fitted onto the fact of the roof in a slot 202.

We have also shown a triangular reinforcing piece 204 which, if necessary, can be fitted into a longitudinal slot formed in the rear longitudinal edge on either side of the ridge line.

Final assembly

After having shaped the wall piece 24 in three dimensions in its state illustrated in and the roof part 26 in its state illustrated in , assembly and fixing is carried out as follows.

The roof piece 26 is placed above the wall piece 24 as illustrated in . We can then bring it down gradually by introducing:
- parts 44G and 44D through the corresponding recesses 70G and 70D;
- the struts 50G, 50D through the slots 150G, 150D;
- and the tabs 177G, 177D in the slots 77G, 77D.

Then, it is necessary to fold the hooking tab 80 and introduce its free end section 81 into the slot 181.

Finally, it is necessary to separate the portion 84 to create the roof opening 82, then rotate it and fold it downwards around the folding line 86 to bring it into its final position by inserting the two tabs 190 into the two slots 90.

Without departing from the scope of the invention, it is possible to associate two parts of a house-chalet according to the invention by joining them together with a reinforcing strip 78G and 78D and by providing tongues passing through the slots provided in these strips.
We then obtain a complete house-chalet.

To facilitate the creation of such an assembly, it is then preferable to modify the design of each of the two constituent parts or halves by making its roof symmetrical by having a median vertical and transverse plane.

Claims (14)

Part of a house (100) made of three-dimensional cardboard capable of resting on the ground, characterized in that it comprises:
- a piece (24) of vertical walls comprising a lower horizontal edge (18) capable of resting on the ground, and comprising:
-- a front facade wall panel (28);
-- a left wall side panel (30G);
-- a right wall side panel (30D);
- and a roof part (26) comprising:
-- an inclined panel on the left slope (60G);
-- and a right slope inclined panel (60D) which extends the left slope inclined panel (60G) along a ridge line (62) orthogonal to the plane of the front facade wall panel (28),
whereby the house part (100) is shaped into a chalet part. Part of a house (100) according to the preceding claim, characterized in that the front facade wall panel (28) comprises a horizontal tiebar panel (40) which extends an upper edge (38) of the front wall panel. (28) horizontally towards the outside of the house part (100). Part of a house (100) according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the front panel of the facade wall (28) comprises two opposite left (50G), right (50D) struts which are oblique to the vertical and each of which cooperates with a corresponding left (60G), right (60D) inclined slope panel. Part of a house (100) according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that each left (30G), right (30D) wall side panel extends vertically upwards beyond the horizontal plane in which it is extends the upper edge (38) of the front facade wall panel (28), by a left (44G), right (44D) vertical assembly part which extends projecting through a complementary recess (70G, 70D) formed in an inclined slope panel corresponding left (44G), right (44D) respectively. Part of a house (100) according to claim 4, characterized in that one of said vertical assembly parts (44G) is a vertical plate which extends an associated side wall panel (30G) and which extends projecting at through a complementary slot (70G) of the inclined slope panel (60G) corresponding to said associated wall side panel (30G). Part of a house (100) according to claim 4, characterized in that the right vertical part (44D) of said vertical assembly parts is shaped into a part of a chimney, which extends an associated side wall panel (30D) and which extends projecting through a rectangular cutout constituting the complementary recess (70D) of the inclined slope panel (60D) corresponding to said associated wall side panel (30D). Part of a house (100) according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that each left (60G), right (60D) inclined slope panel extends downwards beyond the vertical plane in which the corresponding wall side panel left (30G), right (30D). Part of a house (100) according to claim 7, characterized in that at least one inclined slope panel (60D) is extended by a tab 80, 81) with a free hooking end which is received in a complementary slot ( 181) formed in said corresponding wall side panel (30D). Part of a house (100) according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the front wall panel (28) comprises at least one opening (34) forming an access door to the interior of the part of house (100). Part of a house (100) according to claim 9 taken in combination with claim 3, characterized in that said access opening (34) is delimited by a horizontal upper edge (36), and in that each left strut (50G ), straight (50D), extends vertically and obliquely upwards from said upper horizontal edge (36). Part of a house (100) according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that at least one (60D) of the inclined slope panels comprises an opening (82) forming a roof window. Rectangular cardboard blank (10), for the production of a part of a house (100) according to any one of claims 1 to 11, which is delimited by a lower longitudinal edge (18), an upper longitudinal edge, (16 ) and by two opposite vertical lateral edges (20, 22) of longitudinal end, characterized in that the piece of walls (24) is delimited by said lower longitudinal edge (18) of the cardboard blank (10). Rectangular cardboard blank (10) according to the preceding claim, characterized in that the roof piece (26) extends between the wall piece (24) and the upper longitudinal edge (16) of the cardboard blank (10). Cardboard blank (10) according to one of claims 12 to 13, characterized in that the height (H) of the cardboard blank (10) is between 1.10 and 1.80 meters, and in particular equal to 1, 62 meters, and in that its length is between 2.30 and 3.30 meters, and in particular equal to 2.921 meters.