FR2982931A1 - WOOD HEATING DEVICE SUPPLIED IN CONTINUOUS - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention relates to a heating device (1) to wood, comprising means for continuously feeding a combustion chamber (10). It is characterized in that it comprises a store (4) arranged to accommodate a plurality of superimposed logs (5), comprising at least one opening (40) for introducing said logs (5) equipped with a lid (6). movable between an open position and a sealed closed position and at least one feed opening (41) communicating with said combustion chamber (10) and connected to at least one feed ramp (28) extending transversely to the interior of said magazine (4) and forming, with respect to a horizontal plane (P), an angle alpha chosen such that said logs (5) contained in said magazine (4) are delivered successively in said combustion chamber (10) sliding by gravity along said feed ramp (28) as the combustion of the log (5) contained in said combustion chamber (10).

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD The present invention relates to a wood heating device fed by means of logs, in particular of compressed wood and / or of traditional type, said device comprising a combustion chamber arranged to accommodate at least one chamber. log at a time, equipped with at least one external air inlet orifice, with at least one combustion flue exit orifice, and communicating with means for recovering ash from the combustion of said logs, said device comprising means for continuously feeding said combustion chamber. PRIOR ART: There are currently on the market many models of heating devices powered by wood logs. Thanks to improvements in recent years, these devices are now much more efficient than in the past and advantageously, for most of them, a return of the order of 80%. Furthermore, modern inserts, boilers, or wood stoves fit perfectly into a logic of environmental protection, their operation based not only on a renewable energy source but also allowing to considerably reduce the emissions of dioxide. of carbon and to remove any pollution by sulfur.

Nevertheless, despite all these advantages, the use of such heating devices, powered by wood logs, is still often limited to auxiliary heating, because their operation is generally dependent on the availability of a user taking care of introduce the logs regularly into the firebox. Indeed, the few attempts to automate the supply of logs such wood heating devices, allowing their operation regardless of the presence of a user, have not met the expected commercial success, mainly because of the complexity of the proposed systems, not conducive to their generalization.

Thus, the publication FR 2,668,581 proposes, for example, an automatic feeding mechanism for a wood-fired boiler comprising a plurality of superimposed and inclined slides, making it possible to direct logs to a collecting duct, itself coupled to an elevator. logs adapted to convey said logs to a loading chute connected to said boiler. Such a solution assumes the implementation of numerous technical means connected to each other and likely to gradually deregulate or even lead to a parma of the mechanism in the absence of permanent maintenance. Therefore, such a solution is not only expensive from the point of view of its manufacture but also of its use. Moreover, it has the disadvantage of only operate with previously calibrated logs, those not having adequate dimensions always requiring manual introduction into the combustion chamber. Finally, such a mechanism for automatic feeding of a boiler occupies a large volume and assumes to have a location of suitable size, which is hardly compatible with real estate prices still rising. Another alternative, known from publication .td (2 721 096), is to equip a wood-burning appliance with a feed system comprising a plurality of log storage bins coupled with step advance means. and means for pushing said logs, contained in said bins, inside said heater, which solution has disadvantages similar to those mentioned above, does not give more satisfaction and has not so far either. The present invention aims at overcoming the disadvantages mentioned above by proposing a wood-burning device fed with logs automatically and continuously for a given lapse of time. regardless of the presence of a user, by means of a system of simple and small structure, so as to minimize its cost, its maintenance and so Another object of the invention is to provide such a wood-burning device whose continuous feeding system works equally well with logs of calibrated dimensions, such as logs of compressed wood, as with traditional logs whose dimensions are slightly variable relative to each other within the same category. To this end, the subject of the present invention is a wood heating device of the type indicated in the preamble, characterized in that it comprises a magazine arranged to accommodate a plurality of superimposed logs, said magazine comprising at least one opening of inserting said logs into said magazine and at least one feed opening communicating with said combustion chamber, arranged to allow passage of at least one log from said magazine to said combustion chamber, said insertion opening having a movable lid between an open position and a sealed closed position while said feed opening is connected to at least one feed ramp extending transversely within said magazine and forming, relative to a horizontal plane, an angle chosen so that said logs contained in said magazine are delivered successively in said combustion chamber it slid by gravity along said feed ramp as and when the combustion of said log contained in said combustion chamber.

According to a feature of the invention, said angle a is between 40 ° and 50 °. According to a preferred embodiment, said magazine comprises at least one peripheral wall connected to a bottom defining said feed ramp, said insertion opening being formed near the upper end of said peripheral wall while said opening feed is formed near said bottom.

On the other hand, the invention is also characterized in that said peripheral wall comprises at least one thermally insulated partition separating it from the circuit made by the hot convection air inside said heating device. Preferably, the peripheral wall further comprises at least a portion of a rear face or a side face of the heating device. According to a preferred embodiment, the heating device according to the invention comprises an arranged management unit. to select different modes of operation of said device The heating device according to the invention is also characterized in that it comprises means for detecting the open position of said lid. Advantageously, said cover may further comprise a return spring for causing its automatic return to its sealed closed position.

Furthermore, the heating device according to the invention is also characterized in that said feed opening comprises at least one flap arranged to pivot between an open position in which the passage of at least one log contained in said store to said combustion chamber is permitted and a closed position in which the passage of at least one log contained in said magazine to said combustion chamber is prohibited. Advantageously, said magazine may comprise at least one internal separation partition making it possible to define at least two compartments for storing said logs inside said magazine. Furthermore, according to a preferred embodiment, the heating device according to the invention may comprise means for detecting the presence of logs in said store. In this case, said means for detecting the presence of logs in said magazine can be arranged to trigger a complementary heating device when the quantity of logs contained in said magazine is less than a predetermined threshold value. Alternatively, said means for detecting the presence of logs in said magazine may further comprise warning means arranged to indicate that the amount of logs contained in said magazine is less than a predetermined threshold value. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS The present invention and its advantages will appear better in the following description of an embodiment given by way of non-limiting example, with reference to the appended drawings, in which: FIG. 1 is a front view of a heating device according to the invention, FIG. 2 is a view from above of the heating device of FIG. 1, FIGS. 3 and 4 are longitudinal sectional views of the heating device of FIG. 1, in two planes of FIG. section, illustrating respectively the flue gas circuit and the convection air circuit within said heater, FIG. 5 is a simplified cross-sectional view of the heater of FIG. The magazine has four compartments, and Figure 6 is a simplified longitudinal sectional view of the heater of Figure 1 in which the magazine has two compartments.

Illustration of the invention and a better way of carrying it out: With reference to the figures, the invention relates to a device 1 for heating with wood, such as for example a wood stove, intended to be fed as well by means of logs obtained. from compressed wood to traditional logs, depending on the user's choice. These two types of logs have specific properties known, adapted both to different expectations and needs of a user to the configuration of the space in which the heater 1 is implanted.

In the variant embodiment illustrated, the heating device 1 comprises, in a conventional manner, a combustion chamber 10 equipped with an external combustion air intake port 11 and a coupled combustion fumes outlet orifice 12. a fan 18 for forced extraction of said combustion fumes via a flue (not shown). As illustrated in FIG. 3, the combustion air arrives from the outside environment towards the combustion chamber 10 while circulating inside a sealed duct 110 in the direction indicated by the arrows FO, whereas the combustion fumes are directed by means of a deflector 24 to a sealed duct 120 in which they circulate in the direction indicated by the arrows Fl towards the outlet orifice 12.

The combustion chamber 10 further comprises a receptacle 13, the dimensions of which are such that it allows it to accommodate at least one log 5 at a time. Said receptacle 13 is preferably removable and has perforated walls of a plurality of holes 14 allowing on the one hand the arrival of the combustion air to the home and on the other hand the evacuation of the ash from the combustion successive logs 5 to a removable collection tank 17 and intended to be emptied periodically by a user. A movable gate 16, disposed between the receptacle 13 and the recovery tank 17, also makes it possible, if necessary, to manually shake the ashes contained in the receptacle 13 in order to facilitate their fall into the recovery tank 17 and to ensure perfect circulation of the combustion air in the combustion chamber 10. The heating device 1 illustrated is of electronically controlled type, and comprises as such means for automatically igniting the fire in said combustion chamber 10, such as by At least one electric spark plug 15 (see FIG 3) for electronic ignition of the log 5 contained in the receptacle 13. According to other embodiments, in which the wood heating device according to the invention. invention would be traditional type, the log 5 could also be ignited manually, for example using a liquid or solid firelighter, newspaper, wood, or any other means n similar ignition. Heat exchangers 20 furthermore cause the transfer of the heat produced by the combustion of the logs 5 towards convecting air circulating, from an inlet orifice 21 coupled to a fan 22, in the direction of the arrows F2 through a leaktight conduit 210. (see Fig. 4). The convection air is discharged to the ambient environment by means of a series of ventilation fins 23, possibly motorized.

The front face 25 of the heating device 1 further comprises, in a conventional manner, a glazed door 19, movable between a sealed closed position and an open position obtained only when the heating device 1 is off and cold. The glazed door 19 mainly allows to visualize the flames rising in the combustion chamber, for the purpose as well to check the smooth running of the combustion as to enjoy the beauty of the fire. Its opening makes it possible to proceed to the cleaning of the combustion chamber 10, the receptacle 13 or of said glass door 19. In the case of a wood-burning device of traditional type, the opening of the glass door 19 also allows the manual introduction into the combustion chamber 10 of the various means of manual ignition of the fire mentioned above. According to the invention, the heating device 1 also comprises means for automatically feeding the combustion chamber 10, allowing it to operate continuously for a predetermined period of time, by avoiding the compulsory presence of a user for regularly inserting logs 5 into the receptacle 13 via the glass door 19. As illustrated in FIGS. 1 to 6, the heating device 1 comprises for this purpose a magazine 4, 400, 410 arranged to accommodate a plurality of logs 5 superimposed. According to the invention, in the embodiment shown, the magazine 4, 400, 410 is defined by the rear face 26, a portion of the side faces 27 of the heating device 1, a bottom 28, and a partition 29 thermally insulated separating it from the circuit carried out by the hot convection air inside the sealed conduit 210. The magazine 4, 400, 410 comprises an insertion opening 40 formed by the upper ends of the partition 29, rear faces 26, and the side 27 of the heating device 1. The opening 40 allows the filling of the magazine 4 by the introduction of the logs 5. It comprises a cover 6 movable between an open position allowing access to the magazine 4, 400, 410 and a sealed closed position prohibiting this access. In order to prevent any inadvertent introduction of air into the store 4, 400, 410 and the ignition of the logs contained therein, the cover 6 and / or the opening 40 includes a seal guaranteeing the sealing of the position closed of said cover 6. The latter returns to its closed position by gravity, and can also be equipped with means, such as for example a return spring (not shown) or any other similar means, to ensure in all circumstances its return automatically to the sealed closed position. Similarly, the heating device 1 may comprise means for detecting the open position of the cover 6, such as, in particular, a probe (not shown) connected for example to sound or visual signaling means, where appropriate linked to a delay in case of non-closure of the sealed lid 6, to an automatic closing mechanism of the lid, to a delay or to means capable of cutting the operation of the heating device 1. The magazine 4, 400, 410 also comprises an opening of supply 41 communicating with the combustion chamber 10 and whose dimensions allow the passage of at least one log 5 at a time of said magazine 4, 400, 410 to said combustion chamber 10. In accordance with the invention, the opening of The feed 41 is connected to the bottom 28 of the magazine 4, 400, 410 which forms, with respect to a horizontal plane P, an angle a, preferably between 40 ° and 50 °. Thus, the logs 5 contained in the magazine 4, 400, 410 are delivered automatically and successively into the receptacle 13 of the combustion chamber 10 by sliding by gravity, as and when the combustion of the log 5 contained in the receptacle 13, along the bottom 28 advantageously defining a feed ramp.

According to an additional feature of the invention, the feed opening 41 comprises at least one pivoting flap 7 arranged to occupy an open position in which the passage of at least one log 5 contained in the magazine 4, 400, 410 to the combustion chamber 10 is authorized and a closed position in which the logs 5 are retained in said magazine 4, 400, 410. The closed position of the pivoting flap 7 allows in particular to proceed to a cleaning of the combustion chamber 10 without having to emptying the magazine 4, 400, 410, or simply stopping the supply of the combustion chamber 10 and therefore the operation of the heater 1.

The heating device 1 may comprise a magazine 4 without internal partitioning (see FIGS.3 and 4), in which the logs 5 simply rest on one another and are organized relative to one another as and when they measurement of their introduction into said magazine 4 and their sliding along the bottom 28. As illustrated in Figure 5, the heater 1 may also include a magazine 400 equipped with four compartments 300 of vertical axis delimited by internal vertical partitions 32, 33, 34. Similarly, as shown in Figure 6, the heating device 1 may comprise a store 410 having two compartments 310 of vertical axis delimited by a vertical partition 31, interposed for example to mid-distance between the rear face 26 of the heating device 2 and the insulated partition 29. Of course, the dimensions of the magazine 4, 400, 410 and compartments 300, 310 are variable and adjusted with respect to the caliber logs 5 that they are supposed to contain and the amount of logs 5 that the user wants to store in the store 4, 400, 410. compartmentalized configurations are particularly suitable for stores of large volume they can optimize at better thanks to organized stacking and no play logs 5 which can therefore be welcomed more numerous. Of course, other embodiments in which the magazine is compartmentalized differently from the illustrated examples are also conceivable.

Furthermore, the heating device 1 may be equipped with means for detecting the presence of logs 5 in the magazine 4, 400, 410 arranged, if necessary, to trigger a complementary heating device when the quantity of logs 5 contained in said magazine 4, 400, 410 is less than a pre-established threshold value. Such a complementary heating device can be defined for example by an oil boiler, an electric central heating, a pellet stove or any other heating device able to take over in the event of a stoppage of operation of the wood heating device. 1 according to the invention.

Alternatively, the means for detecting the presence of logs 5 in said magazine 4, 400, 410 may also simply comprise warning means, such as in particular a light or sound signal, the sending of a message via a network of signals. telecommunications, arranged to indicate to a user that the amount of logs 5 contained in the magazine 4, 400, 410 is less than a predetermined threshold value and that a filling of the magazine 4, 400, 410 is required. Moreover, in order to optimize its operation as much as possible, the heating device 1 can be coupled to a management unit (not shown) controlled, if necessary, remotely by means of a remote control and in particular making it possible to manage the speed of combustion. , and / or the speed of rotation of the fans as well as any other operating parameter of said heating device 1. Possibilities of industrial application: It is clear from this description that the invention makes it possible to achieve the goals set, namely to propose a heating device 1 fed by logs of wood 5 of any type and of any structure, calibrated such as logs of compressed wood that are not calibrated, said heating device having increased autonomy thanks to a longer burning time without human intervention. The heating device 1 according to the invention further comprises a simple structure allowing its manufacture at lower cost and requiring only limited maintenance. In addition its compact structure has a small footprint and allows its installation in a small room, including a living room of a home. The present invention is not limited to the embodiment described but extends to any modification and variation obvious to a person skilled in the art while remaining within the scope of protection defined in the appended claims. In particular, although it has been described in the context of a stove-like heating device, the present invention also relates to other wood-burning appliances such as, for example, inserts, stoves, fireplaces. wood-fired central heating boilers or any other appliance of the same type, modified to incorporate a store 4, 400, 410 and, where appropriate, appropriately sized.

Claims (13)

REVENDICATIONS1. Heating device (1) with wood fed with logs (5) including compressed wood and / or traditional type, said device comprising a combustion chamber (10) arranged to accommodate at least one log (5) at a time , equipped with at least one orifice (11) for external air inlet, with at least one orifice (12) for outputting the combustion fumes, and communicating with means for recovering ash from the combustion of said logs (5), said device comprising means for continuously feeding said combustion chamber (10), characterized in that it comprises a magazine (4, 400, 410) arranged to accommodate a plurality of superimposed logs (5) , said magazine (4, 400, 410) having at least one insertion opening (40) of said logs (5) in said magazine (4, 400, 410) and at least one feed opening (41) communicating with said combustion chamber (10) arranged to allow the passage of at least one e log (5) of said magazine (4, 400, 410) to said combustion chamber (10), said insertion opening (40) having a lid (6) movable between an open position and a sealed closed position while said supply opening (41) is connected to at least one feed ramp (28) extending transversely within said magazine (4, 400, 410) and forming, with respect to a horizontal plane (P), an angle chosen such that said logs (5) contained in said magazine (4, 400, 410) are successively delivered into said combustion chamber (10) by sliding by gravity along said feed ramp (28) as the combustion of said log (5) contained in said combustion chamber (10). 2. Heating device (1) according to claim 1, characterized in that said angle a is between 40 ° and 50 °. 3. Heating device (1) according to any one of claims 1 or 2, characterized in that said magazine (4, 400, 410) comprises at least one peripheral wall connected to a bottom (28) defining said ramp. feeding, said insertion opening (40) being formed near the upper end of said peripheral wall while said feed opening (41) is formed near said bottom (28). 4. Heating device (1) according to claim 3, characterized in that said peripheral wall comprises at least one thermally insulated partition (29) separating it from the circuit made by the hot convection air inside said heating device. (1). 5. Heating device (1) according to any one of claims 3 or 4, characterized in that said peripheral wall comprises at least a portion of a rear face (26) or a lateral face (27) of the device heating (1). 6. Heating device (1) according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that it comprises a management unit arranged to select different modes of operation of said heater (1). 7. Heating device (1) according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that it comprises means for detecting the open position of said lid (6). 8. Heating device (1) according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that said cover (6) comprises a return spring for causing its automatic return to its sealed closed position. 9. Heating device (1) according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that said feed opening (41) comprises at least one flap (7) arranged for pivoting between an open position in which the passage of at least one log (5) contained in said magazine (4, 400, 410) to said combustion chamber (10) is authorized and a closed position in which the passage of at least one log (5) contained in said magazine (4, 400, 410) 4, 400, 410) to said combustion chamber (10) is prohibited. 10. Heating device (1) according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that said magazine (400, 410) comprises at least one internal partition (31, 32, 33, 34) for defining at least two compartments (300, 310) for storing said logs (5) inside said magazine (400, 410). 11. Heating device (1) according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that it comprises means for detecting the presence of logs (5) in said magazine (4, 400, 410). 12. Heating device (1) according to claim 11, characterized in that said means for detecting the presence of logs (5) in said magazine (4, 400, 410) are arranged to trigger a complementary heating device when the quantity of logs (5) contained in said magazine (4, 400, 410) is less than a predetermined threshold value. 13. Heating device (1) according to any one of claims 11 or 12, characterized in that said means for detecting the presence of logs (5) in said magazine (4, 400, 410) include means for warning arranged to indicate that the quantity of logs (5) contained in said magazine (4, 400, 410) is less than a predetermined threshold value.