FR2980839A1 - PLATE FOR HEAT EXCHANGER AND HEAT EXCHANGER WITH SUCH PLATES - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to a plate (4) intended to allow a heat exchange between a first (C) and a second fluid (G) flowing in contact with the plate (4), said plate (4) being configured to define a circuit (8) for the first fluid (C). According to the invention, said plate (4) comprises one or more excrescences (38, 39) intended to penetrate into a collecting plate of the first fluid (C) and defining an inlet (40) and / or an outlet (42) of the circuit (8). The invention also relates to a beam (2) of such plates (4) and a heat exchanger (1) comprising such a beam (2).

Description

The invention relates to plates for heat exchangers and to plate heat exchangers, in particular for motor vehicles.

In this field, it is known exchangers, said charge air coolers, allowing a heat exchange between the charge air, for supplying the engine of the vehicle, and a coolant. They comprise a heat exchange bundle comprising a stack of plates defining between them alternating circulation channels for the charge air and for the coolant. Each plate guides the coolant in a circuit comprising several passes. These plates have the general shape of an elongated rectangle having two long sides and small sides, each plate having two bosses, one of the bosses having an inlet of the coolant circulation circuit and the other bosses having an outlet of the coolant circulation circuit. The bosses are located along the same small side of the plate. They are intended to come into contact with the bosses of an adjacent plate to allow the coolant to pass from one traffic channel to another. Thus, the cooling fluid is distributed between the plates by the input bosses. It then flows along the passes of the coolant circulation circuits to exit said plates at the output bosses.

The supercharging air enters the beam at one of the long sides of each plate to exit at the level of the other of the long sides. Each plate thus comprises a heat exchange zone between the coolant and the supercharging air located at the passes and an inlet / outlet zone allowing the coolant to enter and exit each plate.

A disadvantage comes from the fact that the area in which the bosses are located concentrates mechanical stresses that can cause a rupture of the brazed elements together. Another disadvantage comes from the fact that this zone is very detrimental to the thermal performance because the supercharging air passing through this zone, in particular between the bosses and the first longitudinal end of the plate, does not pass through the exchange zone between the two fluids and therefore does not exchange or almost no heat with the cooling liquid. It is known to circumvent this problem to modify the components of the heat exchanger or to add an additional piece of screen and to limit the passage of the fluid to be cooled by this zone. However, this complicates the components and / or the manufacturing process of the exchanger, which can lead to additional costs and possibly an increase in the weight of the exchanger.

The invention aims to improve the situation. It proposes for this purpose a plate intended to allow a heat exchange between a first and a second fluid flowing in contact with the plate, said plate being configured to define a circuit for the first fluid.

According to the invention, said plate comprises one or more excrescences intended to penetrate into a collecting plate of the first fluid and defining an input and / or an output of the circuit.

Thus, the heat exchange zone between the two fluids of each plate is enlarged and the zone not participating in the heat exchange of each plate is reduced. Indeed, the only part of the plate not participating directly in the heat exchange is at the level of the growths. It may also be noted that the excrescences being oriented differently, they suffer less stress than the input / output areas of the first fluid, comprising bosses, known plates.

According to one aspect of the invention, said plate comprises two excrescences. The plate comprises, for example, an inlet protrusion through which the first fluid is able to enter and an outlet protrusion through which the first fluid is intended to exit.

According to another aspect of the invention, said plate comprises two small sides and two long sides so that said plate has the shape of a rectangle, said growth or growths being located at the small sides of the rectangle.

According to an exemplary embodiment, said plate and said protuberances comprise a bottom and edges defining said circuit, said bottom of said growth or said growths and said bottom of said plate extending in the same plane. The bottom of the growth or excrescences has, for example, a distal end devoid of borders so that the first fluid is able to enter and / or leave the circuit by the distal end of the excrescences. According to another exemplary embodiment, the borders delimiting the circuit are parallel to each other at the level of the growth or excrescences and flare towards the rest of the circuit. They can then be parallel to each other up to a change of direction zone of the flow of the first fluid. The borders therefore take the form of a funnel near the growths. The term proximity means an area between 0 and 30 mm of the outgrowth. The invention also relates to a heat exchange bundle comprising a stack of plates as described above, said plates being arranged in pairs so that two plates of the same pair determine between them a circulation channel for the first fluid. In the same way, two facing plates belonging to two pairs of adjacent plates determine between them a circulation channel for the second fluid.

The invention also relates to a heat exchanger comprising a heat exchange bundle as described above and said header plate, provided through said protrusions of said plates.

According to one aspect of the invention, said exchanger comprises a housing provided with four walls and inside which said beam is located, one of the four walls being said collector plate. The collecting plate is, for example, a side wall of the housing, that is to say a plate located vis-à-vis a peripheral lateral edge of the plates provided with the protrusions. According to another aspect of the invention, said exchanger comprises at least one inlet manifold inside which the protuberances of said plates defining the inlet of said circuits and an outlet manifold into which the protuberances of said plates open out. defining the output of said circuits. In this way, the inlet and / or outlet manifolds are found outside the housing, that is to say outside the beam so that the whole beam participates in the heat exchange between the two fluids.

According to an exemplary embodiment, the collector plate comprises a flat part and collars surrounding said protuberances. The collars participate in the mechanical maintenance of the plates relative to the housing and follow the contour of the protuberances so that the two fluids are sealed.

According to one aspect of the invention, the borders of the excrescences terminate in a flat part, allowing brazing of the excrescences with each other and extending in a plane parallel to the plane in which the bottom of the excrescences extends. Two plates forming a pair of plates are in contact at an inner face of the flats. The collars follow an outer surface of the borders of the protuberances and an outer surface of the base of the protuberances, a lateral edge of the flats can then be in contact with the flat portion of the collector plate. Each collar surrounding the excrescences of a pair of plates thus comprises an upper part and a lower part, the lower part of the collar being in contact with the protuberance of a lower plate of the pair of plates and the upper part of the collar being in contact with the protuberance of an upper plate of the pair. The lower part and the upper part of each collar are not in contact with each other.

According to one aspect of the invention, disrupters are arranged in the exchanger, said disrupters extending between two pairs of plates in the vicinity of said collector plate. In this way, the disturbers disturb the flow of the second fluid flowing between the pairs of plates from one side wall of the housing to the other. Here, the term proximity means a distance of between 0 and 1 mm. The invention also relates to an air intake module comprising an exchanger as described above. Other features and advantages of the invention will become apparent on reading the following description of exemplary embodiments given by way of illustration with reference to the appended figures. In these figures: - Figure 1 is a perspective view partially illustrating a heat exchanger comprising plates according to the invention; FIG. 2 is a view from above of a plate of the exchanger of FIG. 1; FIG. 3 is a partial perspective view of a collector plate traversed at flanges by the excrescences of the plates of the exchanger and FIG. 4 is a partial view illustrating the side of the exchanger having the collector plate. . As illustrated in FIG. 1, the invention relates to a heat exchanger 1 enabling a heat exchange between a first fluid, for example a cooling liquid C and a second fluid, in particular a fluid to be cooled G. It may be 30 seconds. act of a charge air cooler in which the fluid to be cooled is a flow of compressed air for supplying a heat engine, for example a motor vehicle engine. This flow of compressed air is cooled by the coolant, in particular a mixture of water and glycol. Said exchanger 1 comprises a heat exchange bundle 2 comprising a stack of plates 4 between them determining alternating circuits 6, 8 for the cooling liquid C and for the fluid to be cooled G. The beam 2 is here of shape generally parallelepipedic and has an inlet face 10 and an opposite, non-visible, exit face of the second fluid G. The plates 4 are here arranged in pairs so that two plates 4 of the same pair determine between them a channel of circulation for the coolant C. The circuits 6 for the circulation of the fluid to be cooled G are provided between two plates 4 vis-à-vis two pairs of adjacent plates. The exchanger may also include a housing 5 in which the beam 2 is located. It comprises here a left side wall 18 on the left in FIG. 1 and a right side wall 19 on the right in FIG. 1. The left side wall 18 comes into contact with left lateral edges (referenced 16 in FIG. plates 4, while the right side wall 19 comes into contact with the right side edges (referenced 17 in Figure 2) of the plates 4. The housing 5 also comprises an upper wall (not shown) and a lower wall 22, connecting the walls side 18, 19 between them. The housing 5 guides the fluid to be cooled G between the plates 4, from the input face 10 to the exit face of the beam 2. The exchanger 1 may also comprise secondary exchange surfaces arranged in the circuits 6 circulation of the second fluid. The secondary exchange surfaces extend between two plates 4 vis-à-vis belonging to two pairs of adjacent plates. The secondary exchange surfaces here comprise corrugated disruptors 52, reported between the plates in the circulation circuits 6 of the fluid to be cooled. FIG. 2 represents a plate 4 according to the invention. Such a plate 4 comprises, for example, a bottom 31, substantially plane, surrounded by a peripheral edge 32 terminated by a flat portion 34, for brazing the plates together. The coolant circuit 8 is defined, on the one hand, by said peripheral rim 32 and, on the other hand, by one or central borders 60, for example derived from material of the bottom 31 of the plate. The plates 4 have, for example, the general shape of an elongated rectangle having two long sides and two small sides corresponding to the side edges 16, 17.

According to the invention, each plate has two protuberances 38, 39 intended to penetrate into a coolant collecting plate (corresponding to the left side wall 18 in FIG. 1) and defining an inlet 40 and / or an outlet 42 of the circuit 8. Here, it is an inlet protrusion 38 of said protuberances which has the inlet 40 and an outlet protrusion 39 which has the outlet 42. The protuberances 38, 39 are located on the small sides 16, 17 of the plate , here at the small side 16 located on the left of Figure 2. They comprise a bottom 43 and edges 44 respectively extending the bottom 31 and the edges 32 of the plate 4 towards the outside thereof that is to say beyond its side edge 16. Thus, the protuberances 38, 39 protrude from the bottom 31 of the plate 4. The bottom 43 of the protuberances 38, 39 extends, for example, according to the plane in which extends the bottom 31 of the plate 4. The excrests these 38, 39 have a distal end 45 without borders and two lateral ends provided with borders 44. The cooling liquid can thus penetrate or leave the plate 4 by the distal end 45 of the protuberances 38, 39 and be guided in the circuit 8 of the plate 4 by the bottom 31, 42 and the edges 32, 60, 44 of the protrusions 38, 39 and the plate 4.

Like the peripheral edges 32 of the plates 4, the protuberances 38, 39 end in a flat portion 46 which extends in a plane parallel to the bottom 43 of the protuberances 38, 39. It is at an inner face of these flats 46 that the input protrusions 38 and / or output 39 of the same pair of plates are in contact and brazed to one another.

The borders 32, 44, 60 are parallel to each other at the level of the protuberances 38, 39. They are flared in the vicinity of the projections 38, 39, that is to say that they are flared in a zone included in particular, between 0 and 30 mm of the growths. This flaring of the edges 32, 44, 60 makes it possible to widen the circuit 8 for circulation of the cooling liquid in the case where the flare is close to the inlet protrusion 38 and to thin the circulation circuit 8. coolant in the case where the flare is close to the outgrowth 39. The edges 32, 60 of the plates 4 are then parallel to each other up to a direction change zone of the flow of the cooling liquid. The circuit 8 defined by the plates 4 makes it possible to guide the coolant in a number n of successive passes, here 2, in which the coolant flows from the inlet 40 to the outlet 42. Two adjacent passes are separated by For example, by the central edge or edges 60 of the plates 4. The passes are arranged parallel to each other in a direction of extension, here the long side of the plates 4. They may be provided in series one after the other . The circulation of the coolant, changing flow direction from one pass to the other, is thus effected in a direction generally perpendicular to that of the flow of the fluid to be cooled passing through the exchanger of the face of the beam entry to its exit face, that is to say, one of the two large sides of the plates 4 to the other of the two long sides. In the illustrated example where the plate 4 defines two passes, the plate comprises a single central edge 60. It can also comprise half-edges 60 ', parallel to the central edge 60 and the peripheral edges 32 so as to divide the same pass in several sub-passes. The central edge 60 is thus oriented along the long side of the plates 4 to define a coil circulation of the coolant in each of the passes of each of the circuits 8 for circulation of the coolant. The central edge 60 extends, for example, from the left side edge 16 to the right side edge 17 of the plate while leaving a passage for the coolant to flow from the pass on one side from the central border 60 to the other pass located on the other side of the central edge 60.

The plate here comprises disrupters 55 located in the circuits 8. These disruptors 55 are, for example, derived from the bottom material of the plates 4, in particular by stamping the plates. They can take a semi-spherical shape as shown in Figure 2 or, for example, more elongated. Once assembled, the plates 4 are grouped in pairs and in contact at their flats 34, 46 and / or their edges 32, 60, 44. In this way, the circuit 8 of the top plate and the plate bottom of the same pair of plates complement each other to form a coolant circulation channel. The plates 4 are thus stacked in pairs so that the circuit 8 for circulating the coolant of one of the two plates is opposite the circulation circuit 8 of the cooling liquid of the other of the two plates. the same pair to form the coolant circulation channel.

In this way, the protuberances 38, 39 of the lower plate 4 of a pair of plates are located in life screws protrusions 38, 39 of the upper plate 4 of the same pair of plates.

Returning now to the heat exchanger shown in Figure 1, it is observed that the protrusions penetrate into the header plate of the exchanger, here the left wall 18 of the housing 5. To enter and exit the cooling liquid C in the circuits 8 of the different plates 4 of the heat exchanger 1, the latter comprises an inlet manifold 71 and an outlet manifold 72 of the coolant C. The inlet manifold 71 is located opposite the screw inlet protrusions 38 of the plates 4 and forms with a zone of the left wall 18 at which open the inlet protrusions, an inlet manifold 73 of the coolant C. In the same way, the box The outlet manifold 72 is located opposite the outlet protuberances of the plates 4 and forms with an area of the left wall 18 at which the outlet protuberances 39 open out an outlet manifold 74 of the liquid outlet. cooling idea. The collector boxes 71, 72 have the shape of an open skirt at the left wall 18 of the housing 5 to allow the cooling liquid C to enter and / or exit the circulation circuits 8 of the liquid cooling through excrescences. The manifolds 71, 72 also have an orifice, not shown, to allow the coolant C to enter and / or exit the manifolds 73, 74, that is to say enter and / or exit the exchanger 1. 10 The skirts here comprise two lateral faces 75, 76 located on either side of the protuberances and a face, said left 77 connecting the two lateral faces 75, 76. It should be noted that the lateral faces 75, 76 may be of flared shapes of a lower or upper edge of the boxes to an opposite face provided provided with the inlet / outlet of the cooling fluid. In other words, the section of the skirts in a plane parallel to the plane in which the bottom of the plates 4 extends decreases from the upper face to the lower face. The boxes 71, 72 are fixed to the manifold plate 18 by a distal contour defined here by a folded edge 90 bearing against said collector plate 18. Thanks to the flared shape given to the circuit 8 near the protrusions the boxes can be configured so as to have a width, that is to say a distance between the two lateral faces 75, 76 of said boxes 71, 72, allowing the collector plate to have a width, that is to say a distance between the inlet / outlet faces for the fluid to be cooled, substantially equal to or just greater than the length of the lateral edges of the plates 4. Thus, the coolant C enters the exchanger 1 by entering the collector input 73, for example via input / output tubing (not shown). It is then distributed between the plates 4 in the 30 circuits 8 for circulation of the coolant through the input excrescences. It then flows by turning in the two passes of the coolant circulation circuits 8 from the inputs to the outlets at which it exits the beam 2 to enter the outlet manifold 74. cooling C can then exit the exchanger 1, for example by the inlet / outlet pipes. FIG. 3 illustrates an aspect of the invention according to which the left wall 18 of the housing 5, that is to say the header plate, comprises a flat portion 80 and flanges 81 surrounding the protuberances 38, 39. Each collar 81 here includes two protrusions 38, 39 in contact with each other and belonging to the same pair of plates. Their roles is to facilitate the insertion of the protuberances 38, 39 into the header plate, to ensure their mechanical maintenance and to guarantee the seal between the inlet and / or outlet manifolds and the heat exchange bundle 2 , for the coolant and the fluid to be cooled. The collars 81 are made, for example, by splitting the collector plate and are soldered to the protrusions 38, 39, in particular simultaneously with the brazing of the remainder of the exchanger.

The collars 81 comprise an upper portion 82 in contact with the protuberance 38, 39 of an upper plate of a pair of plates and a lower portion 83 in contact with the protuberance 38, 39 of a lower plate of the same pair of plate. The lower and upper portions 82, 83 of the collars 81 are symmetrical with each other relative to a plane passing through the flats 46 of the protuberances 38, 39. The contact between the flanges 81 and the protuberances is particularly at the bottom 43 and Edges 44 of the protuberances 38, 39. The collars 81 conform in fact to an external face of the borders 44 of the projections 38, 39 and an external face of the base 43 of the protuberances 38, 39. The flats 46 of the protuberances 38, 39 terminate. at the level of a side edge 84. These side edges 84 are not in contact with the collars 81. Indeed, the upper portion 82 and the lower portion 83 of the collars 81 end 30 at the outer faces of the flats 46 of the excrescences 38, 39 and do not surround the side edges of the flats 46. Thus these side edges are directly in contact with the flat portion 80 the collector plate.

FIG. 4 illustrates the disrupters 52 of the flow of the fluid to be cooled which extend between two pairs of adjacent plates. Thanks to the invention, these disturbers 52 extend from one side wall of the housing to the other. The left side wall 18 here acting as the coolant collecting plate, the disrupter 52 are located near the header plate, that is to say within 1 mm of the header plate. The heat exchange is optimized since it takes place on an area from the left side wall 18 of the housing to the right side wall of the housing.

The various components of the exchanger are, for example, aluminum or aluminum alloy. They are, in particular, soldered to each other.

Claims (15)

REVENDICATIONS1. Plate (4) intended to allow a heat exchange between a first (C) and a second fluid (G) flowing in contact with the plate (4), said plate (4) being configured to define a circuit (8) for the first fluid (C), characterized in that said plate (4) comprises one or more excrescences (38, 39) intended to penetrate into a collecting plate (18) of the first fluid (C) and defining an inlet (40) and or an output (42) of the circuit (8). 2. Plate (4) according to claim 1, wherein said plate (4) comprises two protuberances (38, 39) respectively defining the inlet (40) and the outlet (42) of the circuit (8). 3. Plate (4) according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein said plate (4) comprises two small sides (16, 17) and two long sides so that said plate (4) has the shape of a rectangle , said growth or growths (38, 39) being situated at the level of the small sides (16, 17) of the rectangle. 4. Plate (4) according to any one of the preceding claims, said plate (4) and said protuberances (38, 39) comprise a bottom (31, 43) and edges (32, 60, 46) defining said circuit ( 8), said bottom (43) of said one or more protuberances (38, 39) and said bottom (31) of said plate (4) extending in the same plane. 5. Plate (4) according to claim 4, wherein the edges (32, 60, 46) delimiting the circuit (8) are parallel to each other at the or growths (38, 39) and flare in the direction from the rest of the circuit (8). 6. beam (2) heat exchange comprising a stack of plates (4) according to any one of the preceding claims, said plates (4) being arranged in pairs so that two plates (4) of the same pair between them determine a circulation channel for the first fluid (C). 7. heat exchanger (1) comprising a heat exchange beam (2) according to claim 6 and said header plate (18), provided through which said protrusions (38, 39) of said plates (4). 8. Exchanger (1) according to claim 7, said exchanger comprising a housing (5) provided with four walls (18, 19, 22) and inside which said beam (2), one of the four walls (18). , 19, 22) being said header plate (18). 9. Exchanger (1) according to claim 7 or 8, said exchanger (1) comprising at least one inlet manifold (73) inside which open the protrusions (38) of said plates (4) defining the inlet ( 40) of said circuits (8) and an outlet manifold (74) inside which the protrusions (39) of said plates (4) defining the output (42) of said circuits (8) open. 10. heat exchanger (1) according to any one of claims 7 to 9, wherein the header plate (18) comprises a flat portion (80) and collars (81) surrounding said protuberances (38, 39). 11. Exchanger (1) according to claim 10, wherein the edges (44) of the protuberances (38, 39) terminate in a flat (46), for brazing the protrusions (38, 39) between them and extending in a plane parallel to the plane in which the bottom (31) of the protuberances (38, 39) extends. 12. Exchanger (1) according to claim 11, wherein two plates (4) forming a pair of plates are in contact at an inner face of the flats (46). 13. Exchanger (1) according to claim 11 or 12, wherein the collars (81) fit an outer surface of the borders (44) of the protuberances (38, 39) and an outer face 30 of the bottom (43) of the growths (38). 39) and / or a side edge (84) of the flats (46) is in contact with the flat portion (80) of the header plate (18). 14. Exchanger (1) according to any one of claims 7 to 13, wherein disrupters (52) are arranged, said disrupters (52) extending between two pairs of plates to near said collector plate (18). ). 15. Air intake module comprising an exchanger according to any one of claims 7 to 14.