FR2948570A1 - Composition, useful e.g. treating diseases, disorders and/or infections of skin, appendages and mucous membranes, preferably fungi including e.g. candidiasis, comprises a fruit extract of Citrus medica L. var Risso - Google Patents

Abstract

Composition (I) comprises a fruit extract of Citrus medica(L. var Risso) (II). An independent claim is included for preparing (I) comprising preparing (II) and mixing the extract and one or more other plant extracts, preferably cinnamon. ACTIVITY : Fungicide; Antibacterial; Dermatological; Antiseborrheic; Antiinflammatory; Antipsoriatic; Antiparasitic; Arthropodicide; Antilichen; Vulnerary; Anthelmintic; Virucide. MECHANISM OF ACTION : None given.

Description

NOVEL PLANT-BASED COMPOSITIONS AND USES THEREOF

The present invention relates to novel herbal compositions and their preparation and uses. It relates more specifically to compositions comprising an extract of the fruit of Citrus medica L. var Risso, especially as a medicament, a homeopathic product, a food supplement, a cosmetic product, a hygiene product, a care product, or as a product intended for agriculture and breeding, or as a preservative for food, or as a cleaning product and cleaner for industrial or domestic use. It also relates to novel compositions comprising an extract of the fruit Citrus medica L. var Risso and one or more other plant extracts (s), including a cinnamon extract. The invention also relates to antifungal, antibacterial, antiparasitic, anti-arthropod, anthelmintic, anti-allergic and / or antiviral use of said compositions in the fields of human or animal health, hygiene and care, and in agriculture, food or soil microbiology.

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION Citrus trees and shrubs are grown primarily for their fruit, citrus fruits. The fruit of the species of the genus Citrus is a particular berry, named a hesperidium, wrapped in a thick bark, the peel, and formed by the meeting of 10 to 15 carpels, forming as many slices whose pulp is often more or less acidic and sweet or bitter. The center of origin of the Citrus genus seems to be south-west Asia and the Indian region. Before human domestication, the genus consisted of only 5 species (often placed in the subgenus Papeda) of which only three (C. maxima, medica and reticulata) are at the base of practically all varieties and hybrids existing today. Australia is another center of diversification of Citrus with several species (classified in two subgenera Eremocitrus and Microcitrus) whose hybrids are very promising for citrus fruits resistant to drought or cold or certain diseases.

So far, 78 species of Citrus have been described, with very distinct characteristics, including their chromatographic profile and their genetic character. Among these species are listed in particular: Citrus amblycarpa / Citrus aurantifolia / Citrus aurantium / Citrus benikoji / Citrus bergamia / Citrus celebica / Citrus clementina / Citrus clementina x Citrus reticulata / Citrus clementina x Citrus tangerina / Citrus deliciosa / Citrus erythrosa / Citrus gracilis / Citrus halimii / Citrus hanaju / Citrus hassaku / Citrus hongheensis / Citrus hybrid cultivar / Citrus hystrix / Citrus ichangensis / Citrus indica / Citrus iyo / Citrus jambhiri / Citrus junos / Citrus karna / Citrus kinokuni / Citrus latifolia / Citrus latipes / Citrus leiocarpa / Citrus limetta / Citrus limettioides / Citrus limon (= Citrus lemon, Citrus limonum) / Citrus limonimedica / Citrus longispina / Citrus macrophylla / Citrus macroptera / Citrus macrosperma / Citrus mangshanensis / Citrus maxima / Citrus maxima x Citrus medica / Citrus medica / Citrus megaloxycarpa / Citrus meyeri / Citrus micrantha / Citrus montana / Citrus myrtifolia / Citrus natsudaidai / C itrus neoaurantium / Citrus nippokoreana / Citrus nobilis / Citrus nobilis x Citrus kinokuni / Citrus obovoidea / Citrus paradisi / Citrus platymamma / Citrus pseudogulgul / Citrus pseudolimon / Citrus reshni / Citrus reticulata / Citrus reticulata x Citrus temple / Citrus reticulata x Citrus unshiu / Citrus sinensis Citrus sinensis Citrus reticulata / Citrus southwickii / Citrus sp. 'amboinensis' / Citrus sp. 'kathairi nimbu' / Citrus sp. 'memang athur' / Citrus sp. 'pummelo-lemon' / Citrus sp. WSP-2005 / Citrus sudachi / Citrus sulcata / Citrus sunki / Citrus tachibana / Citrus tamurana / Citrus tangerina / Citrus tumida / Citrus unshiu / Citrus volkameriana / Citrus webberi / Citrus x limonia / Citrus x paradisi x Citrus sinensis.

The majority of Citrus species are cultivated as edible plants by their nutritional and organoleptic qualities, or as ornamental plants.

However, there are studies that suggest other properties for some Citrus species. Thus, antifungal properties of certain species of the Citrus genus, in particular Citrus lemon, Citrus reticulata, Citrus reticulata Blanco, Citrus paradisi, Citrus medica or Citrus sinensis, have been proposed in the literature for the preservation of food (Viuda-Martos et al. , 2008, Food Control 19, 1130-1138, Chutia et al., 2009, LWT-Food Science and Technology 42, 777-780, Krishnamurthy et al., 2008, Journal of Stored Products Research 44, 305-309).

Antimicrobial and antiviral properties of the essential oils of certain medicinal plants of the Citrus genus (notably Citrus limonum) have also been mentioned (Fisher et al., 2008, Trends in Food Science & Technology 19, 156-164).

EP0654271 relates to a pharmaceutical composition for the treatment of AIDS, comprising among other plants a Citrus medica, described as a medicinal plant 10 having an anti-inflammatory, antipyretic, expectorant, antitussive, nourishing, tonic or good action for the gastrointestinal tract or a digestive action.

The inventors have demonstrated remarkable biological properties of a particular plant of the species Citrus limonimedica, designated Citrus medica L. var Risso, not studied to date. Thus, the inventors have shown that the fruit of Citrus medica L. var Risso has antibacterial, antifungal, anti-allergic, antiarthropod, antihelminthic, antiparasitic and antiviral activities surprising and particularly advantageous.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

The object of the present invention is to propose novel compositions based on fruit extract of Citrus medica L. var Risso and their uses, in particular in the field of human and animal health as well as in the agricultural and food field. It also provides novel compositions comprising an extract of Citrus medica L. var Risso fruit and one or more other plant extracts, especially cinnamon. The invention also relates to the use of said compositions for the preparation of antifungal, antibacterial, antiallergic, antiparasitic, anti-arthropod, anthelmintic, and / or antiviral composition. In particular, the invention relates to the preparation of a composition intended for the prevention or treatment of diseases, including the affections / infections of the skin, superficial body growths and mucous membranes, preferably bacterial infections, mycoses including candidiasis and dermatoses. , onyxis and perionyxis, seborrheic dermatitis, and cutaneous allergic or infectious disorders including acne, eczema or psoriasis. The invention also relates to the preparation of a composition for phytosanitary use that can partially or completely replace existing phytosanitary substances. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

The present invention relates to novel compositions comprising plant extracts and their uses, particularly in the fields of human and animal health, agriculture and food. More particularly, the invention relates to compositions comprising an extract of the fruit of Citrus medica L. var Risso. The inventors have demonstrated, for the first time in standardized tests, that an extract of Citrus medica L. var Risso has anti-fungal, antibacterial, anti-allergic, antiparasitic, anti-arthropod, anthelmintic and antiviral properties that are very advantageous. Thus, a first object of the invention relates to a composition comprising an extract of Citrus medica L. var Risso fruit for antifungal, antibacterial, antiallergic, anti-arthropod, anthelmintic, antiparasitic and / or antiviral use.

Another object of the invention relates to the use of an extract of Citrus medica L. var Risso fruit for the preparation of antifungal, antibacterial, antiallergic, antiparasitic, anti-arthropod and / or antiviral composition.

Another subject of the invention relates to a method for treating a fungal, bacterial, parasitic or viral infection comprising the administration or application to or on an organism or area to be treated of a composition comprising an extract of the fruit of Citrus medica L. var Risso.

Another object of the invention is a method for killing a bacterium, parasite, virus or fungus, comprising administering or applying to or on an organism or area to be treated a composition comprising an extract of the fruit of Citrus medica L. var Risso.5 Citrus medica L. var Risso belongs to the species Citrus limonimedica, of the genus Citrus of the family Rutaceae (order Sapindales, class Eudicotyledones, Spermatophyta branch). The Citrus medica L. var Risso is an essentially Mediterranean shrub reaching 3 meters in height at maturity. Recognizable by its evergreen foliage in winter and its white bloom from late March to October. Only young twigs are purple. The fruits look like lemon, in their formation. They become more and more distinct with their growth both by their preferentially elongated form that can reach more than 20 cm long and a diameter of 10 to 12 centimeters (Figure 1). The amber yellow skin can streak deeply depending on the rainfall conditions of the year.

Citrus medica L. var Risso (French vernacular name: Cedarwood), sometimes also referred to by the term Ethrog in the present application, is biologically and chromatographically different from other species of the genus Citrus. It is thus a plant very different from Citrus lemon, Citrus reticulata, Citrus reticulata Blanco, Citrus paradisi, Citrus medica or Citrus sinensis mentioned above. The results presented in the present application show that the Ethrog extracts according to the invention have remarkable biological properties.

The extracts of Citrus medica L.var Risso used in the context of the present invention may be any type of extract, dry or wet, prepared from all or part of the plant, according to techniques generally known per se. It can be total powder, a dry extract, an essential oil, or any other preparation from the plant. The extract of Citrus medica L. var Risso according to the invention is preferably an essential oil.

Furthermore, it is advantageously an extract of the fruit of Citrus medica L. var Risso, which is preferably obtained from the bark and / or fruit pulp.25 In a mode of implementation In particular, the extract of Citrus medica L.var Risso used in the present invention is prepared by the technique of supercritical CO2 extraction. In the supercritical state, the CO2 is neither liquid nor gaseous and this gives it an excellent extraction power, adjustable at will by varying the temperature of implementation. Supercritical fluids such as CO2 are good solvents in the supercritical state and bad solvent in the gaseous state. The advantages of this process are as follows: - the CO2 is totally chemically inert, it is natural, non-toxic and cheap, - low temperatures are used for the implementation, - at the end of the cycle, the separation between the solvent extraction and the solute to obtain the extract is easy (simple relaxation that brings the CO2 back to the gaseous state),

Supercritical CO2 extraction is an interesting technique that brings new olfactory notes (a more complete and less degrading extraction method than water vapor).

In another embodiment, the extract of Citrus medica L. var Risso, used in the present invention, is prepared as an essential oil from the bark by manual force or by sudden hypobarous relaxation. or by extraction from whole fruits.

According to another variant, the process for extracting the essential oil according to the invention consists in pressing the bark of Citrus medica L. var Risso to burst the tissues containing the essential oil (flavedo) by rubbing them. on containers whose walls were covered with iron spikes. This process can be improved by the so-called sponge system, in which the barks are pressed several times against a system of natural sponges fixed on a terracotta basin. The pressure is accompanied by a rotational movement of the hand. The expressed mixture is collected by spinning the sponges. Finally by simple decantation, the essential oil is separated from the aqueous phase which also contains detritus produced by the laceration of the tissues of the bark.

According to another variant, the process for extracting the essential oil of Citrus medica L. var Risso, according to the invention consists in introducing the bark into an empty chamber, which causes the explosion of the glands with essential oils contained in the flavedo (external colored part of the fruit). The oils are vaporized simultaneously with some of the water present in the bark. After condensation, the oils are recovered in the form of an aqueous emulsion and then purified by centrifugation.

According to other variants, the following methods can be used to extract the essential oil of Citrus medica L. var Risso from whole fruits: - system separating the essential oil and the juice in a single operation: the whole of the fruit, once washed is finely ground. The fruit mud is then centrifuged to separate it from solids and liquids. A last centrifugation makes it possible to isolate the oily phase of the juice of the fruit; or - the extraction of the essential oil from the whole fruit, which precedes the extraction of the juice (special plaster). Finely rasp the bark of the fruit and then with a solvent is extracted the essential oil contained in the zest. A separation by decantation, heating or centrifugation makes it possible to purify the oil; or - extraction of the juice, which precedes that of the essential oil: the fruits are cut in half, then the juice is extracted by centrifugation. The pulp is then cold pressed with or without solvent and centrifuged.

The dose of Citrus medica L. var Risso extract used may vary over a wide range, depending on the applications used. Thus, a composition in which the Citrus medica L.var Risso extract represents from 0.001% to 80% of the total weight of the composition is preferably used, preferably from 0.01 to 80%, more preferably 0.1%. at 80%, more preferably from 0.5% to 50%, even more preferably from 1% to 30%. Excipients and other possible actives represent the remainder of the weight of the composition. As detailed in the rest of the text, the excipients can be any inert carrier, such as stabilizing agents, salts, isotonic solutions, etc. and / or galenic compounds.

In a preferred embodiment, for an application in human or animal health, the extract of Citrus medica L.var Risso is used at a dose of approximately 5 to 3000 mg per dosage unit for an oral form, and at a dosage of dose of 5 to 3600 mg approximately for cutaneous application.

Moreover, although the fruit extract of Citrus medica L. var Risso alone presents unexpected properties, it can also be particularly advantageous to combine it with certain other active ingredients, in particular of plant origin. The inventors have indeed shown that such combinations produce remarkable complementary and / or synergistic effects. Thus, the compositions according to the invention comprise the extract of Citrus medica L. var Risso alone or in combination with one or more other plant extracts (s), typically in the form of a mixture.

Said other plant extracts are preferably chosen from cinnamon extracts, Laurus nobilis, Achillea millefolium, Inula graveolens, Eucalyptus polybractea, Mentha x piperita, Acorus calamus, Ocimum basilicum, Eugenia caryophyllata, Pelargonium x Asperum Cv Bourbon, Cananga odorata form macrophylla , Cananga odorata genuina form, Thymus serpyllum, Thymus serpyllum geranylacetate, Thymus vulgaris geraniol, Monarda fistulosa, Cymbopogon martini var motia, Nepeta cataria, Pelargonium x Bourbon asperum var, Cymbopogon winterianus, Cymbopogon nardus, Pelargonium x Asperum var Egypt, Rosa damascena , Citrus aurantium, Melaleuca alternifolia, Artemisia vetista, Chenopodium ambrosiodes, Daucus carota, Daucus maximus, Eucalyptus staigeriana, Coriandrum sativum, Cistus ladaniferus, Bursera delpechiana, Lippia citriodora, Litsea cubeba citral, Melissa officinalis, Ocimum basilicum var large green, Pelargonium x asperum var China, Tagetes patula or vegetable charcoal.

Preferably, the composition according to the invention comprises one or more extracts of Cinnamomum cassia, Laurus nobilis, Acorus calamus, Eucalyptus polybractea, Eugenia Caryophyllata, Inula graveolens, Mentha x piperita, Pelargonium x Asperum Cv Bourbon, Thymus serpyllum, Achillea millefolium, Ocimum basilicum or vegetable charcoal.

In a preferred embodiment, said plant extracts contain farnesol and / or geraniol, preferably at least 0.01% farnesol and / or 0.01% geraniol. It may be, for example: - extract (s) of plant (s) which contain farnesol and geraniol, in particular Cananga odorata form macrophylla (Flower), Cananga odorata form genuina 2 ° and 3 ° (flower), Cananga odorata genuina totum (flower), Thymus serpyllum geranylacetate (flower head); - extract (s) of plant (s) which contain farnesol alone, in particular Achillea millefolium with alpha bisabolol (flowering herb) 4%, Cananga odorata form macrophylla (Flower)> 1%, Cananga odorata form genuina 2 ° and 3 ° (flower)> 1%, Cananga odorata genuina totum (flower) <1%, Thymus serpyllum to geranylacetate (flowering top)> 1% and more widely the whole family of thymus sp. (thyme); and / or - plant extract (s) containing geraniol alone, in particular Monarda fistulosa (flowering grass)> 90%, Cymbopogon martini var motia (grass)> 50%, Nepeta cataria (flowering grass)> 20%, Pelargonium x asperum var Bourbon (leaf)> 20%, Cymbopogon winterianus (grass)> 20%, Cymbopogon nardus (grass)> 10%, Pelargonium x asperum var Egypt (leaf)> 10%, Rosa damascena (flower) > 10%, Thymus vulgaris geraniol (flowering tops)> 10%, Thymus serpyllum to geranylacetate (flowering tops)> 10%, and Citrus aurantium, Artemisia vetista, Chenopodium ambrosiod, Daucus carota, Daucus maximus, Eucalyptus staigeriana, Coriandrum sativum, Cistus ladaniferus, Bursera delpechiana, Lippia citriodora, Litsea cubeba with citral, Melissa officinalis, Ocimum basilicum var large green, Pelargonium x asperum var China, Tagetes patula.

In a preferred embodiment, said one or more other plant extracts represents from 0.001 to 80% of the total weight of the composition, preferably from 0.1% to 80%, more preferably from 0.5% to 50%. %, even more preferably from 1% to 30%.

In a preferred embodiment, for an application for therapeutic, cosmetic or physiological use (as a dietary / nutritional supplement), the ratio by weight of the extract of Citrus medica L. var Risso and any other associated extract, is respectively between 0.1 and 10, preferably between 0.2 and 5, typically between 0.3 and 3.

In a particular embodiment of the invention, when the extract of Citrus medica L. var Risso is an essential oil, the extract of the other or other associated plants is / are preferably also one or more essential oils). Particularly advantageously, the composition according to the invention comprises an extract of Citrus medica L. var Risso in association with a cinnamon extract.

Cinnamon is a tree of the family Lauraceae, genus Cinnamomum, reaching 15 m 15 high. From China, we harvest its bark. Cinnamon is obtained by cutting small branches that are 3 years old and have longitudinal incisions. Drying, the thin inner layer of the bark stripped of its epidermis (outer layer) rolls up on itself, forming friable sticks 7 to 8 cm long and about 1 cm in diameter in the form of a pipe (cannella in Italian). Both a spice and natural remedy, cinnamon is considered one of the oldest medicinal plants.

There are various cinnamon species, among which mention may be made in particular of: Cinnamomum aromaticum / Cinnamomum bejolghota / Cinnamomum burmannii / Cinnamomum camphora / Cinnamomum chavarrianum / Cinnamomum cinnamomifolium / Cinnamomum daphnoides / Cinnamomum dictyoneuron / Cinnamomum doederleinii / Cinnamomum japonicum / Cinnamomum longipaniculatum / Cinnamomum micranthum / Cinnamomum okinawense / Cinnamomum oleifolium / Cinnamomum osmophloeum / Cinnamomum philippinense / Cinnamomum pittosporoides / Cinnamomum quadrangulum / Cinnamomum sieboldii / Cinnamomum sp. van der Werff 14396 / Cinnamomum sp. For the purposes of the present invention, several cinnamon species may be used, optionally in a mixture. Among these different varieties, it is particularly preferable to use, in the context of the present invention, an extract of Cinnamomum aromaticum Nees ex Blume, also designated Cinnamomum aromaticum Nees, Cinnamomum cassia, Cinnamomum cassia Blume, Cinnamomum cassia (L.) Nees, Cinnamomum cassia aetheroleum (according to the European Pharmacopoeia) or cinnamon from China.

A particular object of the present invention thus resides in a composition comprising an extract of the fruit of Citrus medica L. var Risso and a cinnamon extract. The cinnamon extract may be prepared from the whole plant or a portion thereof advantageously selected from bark, leaf, root, wood, flower and / or fruit.

A preferred extract of cinnamon is an essential oil obtained by steaming the leaves and young twigs of Cinnamomum cassia Blume.

A particularly preferred extract of cinnamon is prepared from the bark. It can be prepared, for example, in four distinct ways: steaming or hydro-distillation from fresh or dry bark. Decantation makes it possible to separate the hydrophilic phase from the hydrophobic phase; volatile solvent extraction with a Soxhlet extractor and hexane or any other type of solvent. This process replaces enfleurage (fat extraction method); Supercritical CO2 extraction, which makes it possible not to use and not to find a solvent residue; while preserving the wood from prolonged contact with water (oxidation phenomenon); extraction by cold expression producing an essential oil called vegetable essence. A more particular object of the invention relates to a composition comprising, based on the total weight of the composition: from 1% to 30% by weight of an extract of Citrus medica L var Risso fruit, preferably from 4 to 15% by weight. % and 1% to 30% by weight of a cinnamon extract, preferably 3 to 8%.

Surprisingly, the inventors have found that the simultaneous use of an extract of Citrus medica L. var Risso and a cinnamon extract makes it possible to obtain a composition according to the invention having particularly advantageous characteristics, thanks to the combination of the more specific antifungal activities of Citrus medica L. var Risso, and the more specific antibacterial activities of cinnamon, which together cover a broad spectrum of activity on many opportunistic germs, of viral origin as bacterial and fungal.

Another subject of the invention is a composition comprising an extract of Citrus medica L. var Risso, a cinnamon extract and / or one or more other plant extracts. Preferably, said other plant extract is an extract of Laurus nobilis. Another subject of the invention relates to a process for the preparation of a composition according to the invention, comprising a step of preparation of an extract of Citrus medica L. var Risso, and a step of mixing between said extract and one or more other plant extracts, especially cinnamon. The present invention demonstrates for the first time that the molecules selected and contained in Citrus medica L. var Risso, as well as the totum of the plant itself, possess antifungal, antibacterial, antiallergic, anti-arthropod, antiparasitic and / or antiviral. The inventors have also demonstrated the particular activity of cinnamon, and other selected plant extracts, used in combination with the extract of Citrus medica L. var Risso.

Thus, the invention resides in the use of an extract of the fruit of Citrus medica L. var Risso, alone or in combination with at least one other plant extract, for the preparation of an anti-fungal, anti-bacterial, anti-fungal composition. In another embodiment, the invention relates to the use of an extract of the fruit of Citrus Medica L. var Risso, or -allergic, anti-arthropod, anthelmintic, antiparasitic, and / or antiviral. of a composition as described above, for the preparation of antifungal, antibacterial, antiallergic, antiparasitic, anti-arthropod, antihelminthic and / or antiviral composition.

In a particular embodiment, the invention relates to the use of an extract of the fruit of Citrus Medica L. var Risso, or a composition as described above, for the preparation of a medicament, a homeopathic product, a food supplement, or a cosmetic product for human or animal use.

In a preferred embodiment, the invention is used to treat, preferably a disease selected from mycoses, bacterioses, dermatoses, onyxis, perionyxis, seborrheic dermatitis, acne, boil, eczema or psoriasis.

Thus, it is an object of the invention to use an extract of the fruit of Citrus Medica L. var Risso for the preparation of a medicament for treating a disease, condition and / or infection of the skin, dander and / or mucous membranes in a mammal preferably human.

Another object of the invention is a method for treating a disease, condition and / or infection of the skin, superficial body growths and / or mucous membranes in a mammal, preferably a human, comprising the administration, preferably topical or Oral, an extract of the fruit of Citrus Medica L. var Risso mammalian audit.

The present invention proposes, for the first time, an effective solution for the management of skin infections, applicable from an early age, and adapted to vulnerable populations such as pregnant women, without the disadvantages of topical corticosteroids and antibiotics currently used. The invention makes it possible in particular to replace the action of topical corticosteroids and cutaneous antibiotics by avoiding their sensitizing and allergenic effects and the development of the resistances induced by most of these drugs, which moreover is for long-term use. Another object of the invention resides in the use of a composition as defined above as a medicament, a homeopathic product, a food supplement, a cosmetic product or a hygiene and care product, in particular in any mammal, in particular human, to prevent or treat mainly seborrheic dermatitis, trichophytosis, dermatophytosis, pediculosis of the scalp, lice and nits, dandruff, skin bacterial infections on skin injured or not, including dermatitis, impetigo, acnes, boils and furunculosis, infected wounds, cutaneous mycosis, buccal, onychomycosis, bruises, bruises, wounds and injuries, arthropod bites or bites, prurigos of parasitic or non-parasitic origin, eczema, atopic dermatitis and lichens, psoriasis and psoriatic plaques, pityriasis versicolor, disorders of sweat secretion (hyperhydrosis), localized sun and / or burns.

The invention is also useful for preventing or treating infections or digestive infestations, bronchopulmonary aspergillosis.

The invention can also be used to prevent or treat viral infections of HZV type and cutaneous dominance, or those related to HRV, or BK outside any vaccination. The invention is also usable in animals (non-human), for example to treat mainly all infectious or parasitic and helminthic forms.

Another object of the invention is a method of treating infectious and / or parasitic forms which affect cultivated plants, hives or other livestock-specific media in general, including application (eg, by spraying). ) on the area or surface to be treated with a composition as defined above.

Another subject of the invention relates to one of the compositions as defined above and intended to combat all forms of pests including arthropods, helminths and parasites; or other parasitic fungi, bacteria, viruses, responsible for, among other things, diseases of grapevine mildew (Plasmopara viticola), mildew of potato and tomato (Phytophthora infestans), rust (Puccinia recondita), fire bacterial (Erwinia amylovora), neck scab (gram bacillus, genus Agrobacterium A. tumefaciens), grapevine bush disease (A. vitis, vine specific to grapevine), hairy root (a disease characterized by emergence of a hairy root at the point of infection), or vectors of viruses such as aphids, mealybugs, thrips and / or intended for the protection of hives or other breeding grounds, against all forms of parasites, for example varroa.

Another object of the invention relates to one of the compositions as defined above and intended to prevent or treat infections and symptoms related to the bites of all types of insects and arachnoids. Indeed, compositions according to the invention also have an anti-inflammatory activity associated with its anti-arthropod activity, which gives the invention its place of choice in the preventive and curative uses of the risks of infection related to the stings of arthropods.

In another preferred embodiment, the invention relates to the use of an extract or a composition according to the invention for the preparation of a cosmetic product, a hygiene product or a product of the invention. care.

In another preferred embodiment, the invention relates to the use of an extract or a composition according to the invention for the preparation of baths, pool waters and thermal waters.

In another preferred embodiment, the invention relates to the use of an extract or a composition according to the invention intended to be incorporated in textiles, linens and / or to treat them in such a way as to avoid aggressions or allergies of contact with the skin.

In another preferred embodiment, the invention relates to the use of an extract or a composition according to the invention for the preparation of a food supplement.

Another subject of the invention relates to the use of an extract or a composition as defined above in the field of agriculture, including organic farming, in order to improve the yield. and its repercussions on the ecosystem.

Another object of the invention relates to the use of an extract or a composition according to the invention for the preservation of foodstuffs.

Another subject of the invention relates to the use of an extract or a composition according to the invention for the preparation of a cleaning and / or cleaning product, making it possible in particular to avoid contamination in sanitary installations. , and public places of care and relaxation.

Another object of the invention relates to the use of an extract or a composition according to the invention for the treatment of habitats, warehouses and stagnant water areas. The invention also relates to the use of an extract of Citrus medica L. var Risso alone, or in combination with one or more other plant extracts in the following fields: in humans or animals, for its anti-fungal, anti-bacterial, anti-allergic, anti-inflammatory, antiparasitic, anthelmintic, anti-arthropod, anti-protozoan and / or antiviral activities; - in agriculture, animal husbandry and in the plant field, in particular phytosanitary, for its biocidal activities intended to fight against all forms of harmful organisms including athropods, helminths, parasites and fungi, bacteria, viruses and viruses. responsible for, among others, diseases of vine blight or plasmopara viticola, rust, anthrax, fire blight (Erwinia amylovora), crown gall mites or vectors of viruses such as aphids, mealybugs, thrips; - in the protection of hives or other breeding grounds, against all forms of parasites, especially varroa mites; - in the preservation of food, especially fresh and semi-fresh or dried fruits and vegetables; - in the treatment of stagnant water (water tanks) or elements in contact with moisture or mold (sanitary, household appliances); - in the field of maintenance and cleaning for industrial or domestic use. Other applications of the compositions according to the invention are detailed below:

Applications of compositions comprising an extract of Citrus medica L. var Risso alone or in association in the phytosanitary field Phytosanitary products or pesticides used in agriculture make it possible to limit the development of organisms likely to affect crops and crops . The aggressors may be viruses, bacteria, fungi, plants (weeds), invertebrates (example: insects, mites, nematodes) and vertebrates (example: rodents, birds). Currently, chemical control is dominated by pesticide classes of fungicides, herbicides applied to weeds, insecticides and parasiticides.

A sanitary product must combine a level of efficacy with low doses, with favorable toxicological and eco-toxicological profiles. This includes demonstrating that it is not acutely or chronically toxic to humans and non-target organisms and is rapidly disappearing from the environment.

A particular object of the invention relates to the use of a composition according to the invention for the preparation of a phytosanitary product. Preferably, said plant protection product is intended to destroy and / or prevent the development of aphids, varroa, flies, culicoids or mosquitoes.

The invention also aims to limit or even exclude the use of phytosanitary substances used in the agricultural field. Thus, the present invention describes, for the first time, the biocidal properties of Citrus medica L. var Risso, and in particular its fungicidal, bactericidal, parasiticidal, anti-arachnid and insecticidal properties which are reconcilable with the protection of the environment.

More particularly, the compositions according to the invention, comprising an extract of Citrus medica L. var Risso alone or in combination with extracts of other plants, have an optimal benefit / risk ratio with a very broad spectrum against a set of pathogens found very frequently in the animal and plant life, while being devoid of toxicity.

The invention also demonstrates a biocidal activity predominantly neurotoxic and neurodepressive action including a whole live fauna of pests including helminths and arthropods (arachnoids and insects). The invention also makes it possible to eradicate a whole set of germs transported by these species. The present invention also provides, for the first time, new compositions containing an extract of Citrus medica L. var Risso, partially or totally replacing current phytosanitary substances (often very toxic), or by associating them in a lesser proportion. Another subject of the invention relates to a composition comprising an extract of Citrus medica L var Risso alone or in combination with at least one of the other plants mentioned in the compositions described above, in combination with at least one synthetic derivative of the same type. pesticide, with a fungicidal and / or herbicidal and / or insecticidal and / or parasiticidal activity, in order to reduce their quantitative use and therefore their toxicity related to their effects on the environment and their presence in food plants, especially in fruits and vegetables, when they are consumed.

Phytosanitary products and pesticides that can be totally or partially replaced by compositions according to the invention, without being exhaustively listed, are listed below by way of example: Fungicides Fungicides acting directly on fungi (P Leroux / CR Biologies 326 (2003) there are those which reduce the production of cellular energy generally following an effect on the respiratory processes, others affect the biosynthesis of major components, such as carbohydrates, lipids, melanins, amino acids, proteins or nucleic acids Some active substances interfere with the formation and / or the functioning of microtubules Finally, a last category of fungicides is constituted by those whose mode of action is not yet elucidated. different groups of fungicides are: - metal-based contact fungicides, sulfur, sulfur products - fong systemic icides, systemic inhibitors of sterol synthesis, phytoalexins - Herbicides They represent about 50% of the pesticides used for agriculture (PG Ponta / toxicology occupational pathology6-059 -D30, 2000). These are chemicals whose purpose is to destroy or limit the growth of certain plants. Herbicides can be classified: according to agronomic criteria according to: - their type of use - their selectivity - their mode of action - their chemical class - biological criteria The main families of herbicides are: - Mineral herbicides - Herbicides organic, root, root and foliar herbicides, foliar herbicides - Insecticides These are active substances or preparations with the property of killing insects, their larvae and / or their eggs. They are part of the family of pesticides, themselves included in the family of biocides.30 The generic term insecticide also includes pesticides intended to fight against arthropods that are not insects (eg mites such as spider or ticks). ) and sometimes repellents Among the families of insecticides there are: - Organophosphorus compounds - Carbamates - Synthetic pyrethroids - Organochlorines - Benzoyl ureas - Parasiticides These are chemicals capable of destroying parasites. Trypanocide is used in the case of a product intended to fight the Trypanosome. There are chemical parasiticides (thiabendazole) and natural parasiticides (staphisaire, beech ...) - Bactericidal and fungicidal applications of the compositions according to the invention in humans and animals

A very potent bactericidal and fungicidal power of the compositions according to the invention, comprising an extract of Citrus medica L. var Risso alone, or in combination with a cinnamon extract and / or another plant extract (preferably an extract of Laurus nobilis ), has also been revealed, by the inventors, in humans and animals.

This activity is evaluated in particular by the MIC (Minimum Inhibitory Concentration) of the essential oils on the pathogens present in the case of digestive infections, namely the bacteria Escherichia coli, Helicobacter pylori, Salmonella, Shigella, Staphylococcus aureus. , Proteus mirabilis, Enterobacteriaceae, Staphylococcus saprophyticus, Pseudomonas spp., Chlamidia trachomatis, Campylobacter jejuni and Campylobacter coli, Clostridium perfringens, Vibrio parahaemolyticus (seafood), and fungi including Candida albicans and Candida spp., Or at the cutaneous level such as dermatophytes dermal mycoses, including Trichophyton mentagrophytes, Trichophyton rubrum, Trichophyton tonsurans, Microsporum audouinii, Microsporum canis, Microsporum gypseum, Epidermophyton floccosum.

The bactericidal and fungicidal activities of the compositions according to the invention have also been studied against Staphylococcus, Streptococcus beta hemolytic, Gardnerella vaginalis, Candida albicans Propionibacterium acnes and Malassezia furfur, of which Pityrosporum ovale and Orbicular pityrosporum belong to humans, and other types of Malassezia found only on the skin of animals including Malassezia pachydermatis, Malassezia globosa, Malassezia restricta, Malassezia slooffiae, Malassezia sympodialis, Malassezia nana, Malassezia yamatoensis, Malassezia dermatis and Malassezia obtusa.

One of the original features of the invention relates to its unique activity profile which consists in combining a specific antifungal action on the spores as well as on the fungus itself, especially in bronchopulmonary aspergillosis.

The bactericidal activity of the compositions according to the invention is evaluated versus benzoyl peroxide, fusidic acid and metronidazole and pristinamycin (among other reference antibiotics), and the antifungal activity versus ketoconazole, fluconazole, econazole, ciclopiroxolamine, ciclopirox, piroctone olamine, zinc pyrithione, terbinafine, amorolfine and bifonazole (among other reference antifungals).

The compositions according to the invention can also be used to treat diseases caused by so-called zoonotic bacteria (Campylobacter and Salmonella). Salmonellosis, diseases caused by salmonella, are among the most common bacterial diseases. For example, pullorum disease caused by Salmonella pullorum was a serious threat to the chicken and turkey industry.

According to other embodiments, the compositions of the invention can be used to treat the following diseases: - Leptospirosis, caused by a spiral bacterium of the genus Leptospira, is lethal for cattle, dogs and dogs. man. Ponds, lakes and other water sources are commonly infected, and rodents can transmit the infection; - Tuberculosis is caused by bacteria of the genus Mycobacterium, or Koch bacilli; it preferably affects domestic animals or in captivity. Regular dosages are carried out in dairy cows and, at the time of slaughter, animals intended for consumption are examined for the presence of this bacillus; - infections caused by Pasteurella bacteria, such as Pasteurella multocida in birds, affect wildlife, domestic poultry, rabbits and other species; - respiratory diseases (including pleuropneumonia of cattle and chronic respiratory infections of chickens), caused by mycoplasmas, tiny bacteria without walls (other bacteria have walls that give them a fixed form); diseases such as psittacosis (parrot-transmitted pneumonia) are caused by a bacterium of the genus Chlamydia. Some serious pathologies of man and animal belong to this group. Virucidal Applications of the Compositions According to the Invention in Humans and Animals

In the same way, the exceptional virucidal power of the essential oil of Citrus medica L. var Risso alone or in combination with other essential oils has been evaluated by the inventors, versus reference antivirals ie antiviral anti-herpes as aciclovir, antiviral fusion inhibitors such as amadantanes (amantadine, remantadine) or antiviral inhibitors of neuraminidases (relenza, oseltamivir).

According to particular embodiments, the compositions according to the invention can be used to treat diseases caused by RSV (Respiratory Syncytial Virus), influenza virus, para-influenza virus, Herpes viridae, HSV1 & 2 (herpes simplex virus). , VZV (varicella zoster virus), HHV6 (human herpes virus), HHV7 (human herpes virus), Picornaviridae, HRV (human rhino virus), Rotarivus, Caliciviridae.

Compositions according to the invention, thanks to their antiviral activity, can also be applied in the treatment of infections of HZV (Herpes Zona Virus) type predominantly cutaneous. Available treatments, contrary to the invention do not allow topical application on extended body surfaces and therefore do not reduce the risk of skin contamination that can cause and can not act effectively on pain. The present invention provides, for the first time, antiviral treatment against HRV-related infections (Human Rhino Virus), where there is no effective antiviral therapeutic solution to date. The present invention also provides, for the first time, a prophylactic treatment against BK (Bacillus Koch), outside the vaccination. Antiparasitic and anti-arthropod applications of the compositions according to the invention

The effective antiparasitic action of the compositions according to the invention, in turn, is directed in particular to Giardia intestinalis, Trichomonas vaginalis, whereas the antihelminthic action is directed more specifically to trematodes (Fasciola hepatica, Fasciola gigantea, Dicrocoelium dendriticum, Opisthorcis & Clonorchis, Paragonimus ), cestodes (Taenia spp, Echinococcus), nematodes (Ascaris lumbricoides, whipworm, Ancylostoma, Necator americanus, Anguillulose, Anterobius vermiculari or oxyurose), and antiarthropod action targets action against arachnoids (ticks, mites) and against insects (aphids, lice, bugs, mosquitoes, flies, fleas).

- Applications of the compositions according to the invention in the plant field

In plant applications, the compositions according to the invention can be used to treat, by way of example, the following diseases: - annular rot of the potato, with Clavibacter miciganensis; - another form of rot that affects a multitude of species (stems, leaves, fruits of the tropical, subtropical and warm temperate zones of the five continents) and which affects market garden plants such as potatoes, tomatoes, peanut plants, or ornamental plants such as Anthurium, Solanaceae, Ralstonia Solanacearum (gram-) or Pseudomonas solanacearum, - Leaf blight of fruits and vegetables including celery, apricot, bean, Pseudomonas syringae; - the bacterial spot of the cabbage leaf, with Pseudomonas syringae; - bacterial wilt of cucurbitaceae, Erwinia tracheiphila; - the disease of the corky roots of lettuce, with Rhizomonas suberifaciens; - or bacterial rot of lettuce heart, P. cichorii.

In the plant, the efficacy of Citrus medica L. var Risso alone or associated, targets pests including nematodes, mites, insects including Phylloxera, and parasitic fungi (Mildew of the vine (Plasmopara viticola) and apple earth (Phytophthora infestans), powdery mildew, rust (Puccinia recondita), coal). Other diseases that can be treated with the compositions according to the invention are in particular: bacterial diseases such as bacterial fire caused by Erwinia amylovora, or Agrobacterium tumefaciens-caused snout, as well as viral diseases (by destruction of the virus vectors, including Aphids, Thrips, Mealybugs).

As an indication, Example 1 and Example 2 respectively give information on certain constituents of the plants mainly used in the invention, namely the constituents of Citrus medica L. var Risso (Table 2) and cinnamon (Table 2). 3). It is understood that the percentages given are not intended to restrict the scope of the invention, but only to reflect the quantities present as examples. In addition, it is not necessary that the compositions of the invention contain each type of active molecule listed in Tables 2 and 3.

Dosages and dosage forms of the compositions according to the invention The dosage and the use pattern of the compositions according to the invention can be adapted according to the desired application and according to the type of the composition. Typically, the compositions of the invention are used at a frequency and an amount allowing, in a preferential ratio of 0.3 to 3 with the other plant extracts, a maximum of one application or one daily intake of Citrus medica L. extract. Var Risso included: - between 5 mg and 300 mg for oral routes; - between 5 mg and 3 g for the topical or cutaneo-mucous or transmucosal routes; - between 1 CH aa and 30 DH aa or between 3 g and 30 mg or between 1 and 30 ml for homeopathic oral routes; - between 0.05 and 5 mg / m3 / 24h for diffusions reserved for confined spaces such as habitats, rooms, offices, hospitals, dispensaries; - between 1 and 100 mg / m3 / 24h for air diffusion reserved for confined spaces such as warehouses, storage areas; - between the dosages appearing in table 1 below and for solutions reserved for aquatic environments (stagnant water bodies), - between 0.1g and 5g / m2 for solutions reserved for the vegetal environment, agricultural surfaces; - between 0, lg and 5g / m2 for inert surfaces.

Citrus medica L. var Risso extract assays as a function of surface area are given by way of example in Table 1 below.

Table 1: Surface Dosage Between 1000 m2 and 3000 m2 (first treatment and following) 0.5g to 5g / m2 (3g / m2) Between 3000 m2 and 5000 m2 (first treatment and next) 0.5g to 3g / m2 (2g / m2) Between 5000 m2 and Iha (first treatment) 0.5g to 3 g / m2 (1.5 g / m2) Between 5000 m2 and 1 ha (second treatment and following) 0, lg to 2g / m2 (1g / m2) m2) Between Iha and 2ha (first treatment and following) 0.1g to 2g / m2 (0.7g / m2) It is understood that the respective proportions of the ingredients in the final composition may vary and be adapted according to the number of active ingredients present, the type of extract, the dosage form, the desired use.

In humans and animals, among the solid dosage forms, the compositions of the invention may be in the form of a stick, a cachet, a tablet, coated or otherwise, effervescent, soluble, orodispersible, film-coated, enteric-coated or modified release, soft-shell capsule, dragee, capsule (hard-shell capsules: HPMC, algae, cartilage, bone) film-coated or not, gastroresistant or not, gum or chewing paste, granule, granule, pill, lozenge, oral powder or for topical application, freeze-dried powder soluble in hot or cold liquid, tablet, suppository or ovum, materials impregnated with mechanical or chemical release microbeads, fabrics, flexible materials or rigid inert or biodegradable.

Among the flexible dosage forms, the compositions of the invention may be in the form of a transdermal device, fabrics / materials impregnated with microbeads with mechanical or chemical release, flexible varnishes, systemic device, porous biodegradable or inert materials. Among the semi-solid dosage forms, the compositions of the invention may be in the form of a poultice, cream, medicated plasters, gel, emulsion, paste, microbeads, oil or ointment.

Among the liquid dosage forms, the compositions of the invention may be in the form of an oral emulsion, which may be in the form of drops, of an oral suspension, which may be in the form of a drop, of maceration oils or of officinal dyeing. , mother tincture, topical vegetable oil, liniment, oral liquid, non-fat soluble microbeads, lotion, mousse, syrup, systemic liquid or not. Among the flexible dosage forms, the compositions of the invention may be in the form of a systemic device, porous biodegradable or inert materials, or flexible varnishes. Among the pressurized or pneumatic dosage forms, the compositions of the invention may be in the form of a nebulizer, an inhaler (for example pressurized with a metering or powder valve) and a sonic diffuser.

In the case of capsules or capsules, there is typically used magnesium stearate and / or colloidal silica and / or maltodextrin or organic silica or various maceration or expression oils obtained by cold pressing or hot pressing . Moreover, the envelope of these capsules or capsules may consist of gelatin of animal, vegetable or fish origin, algae, hydroxypropyl methylcellulose (HPMC) and cellulose. They can be coated with a protective layer or not, and be modified to perform a sustained release in the action site.

The compositions according to the invention may also be in the form of a supplement or a food additive, of the food-grade type (powder for dilution, bar, ampoule, juice, or other).

Among the forms of application reserved for living environments such as plants and aquatic environments, or reserved for foods stored in bulk or packaged, or reserved for inert materials and surfaces, the following are considered other application routes; applications by direct contact or dispersion, and among other forms, solid, flexible, semi-solid, liquid, pressurized or pneumatic dosage forms.

Among the pressurized or pneumatic dosage forms, the compositions of the invention may be in the form of a vaporizer (for example pressurized with a metering valve or a powder) and a sonic diffuser.

Depending on the dosage form used, various physiologically or environmentally acceptable excipients or carriers, substantially inert, may be present in the compositions of the invention, such as isotonic, buffered, saline, salts, gums, sugars, agents. stabilizers, thickeners, sweeteners, gelling agents, surfactants, transport molecules, etc.

The galenic forms adapted to the airway are the compositions of the invention in any of the forms mentioned. They are rendered soluble for use in an aqueous, oily or other liquid for facilitating spraying and contact on surfaces to be sprayed.

Other aspects and advantages of the invention will appear on reading the examples which follow, which should be considered as illustrative and not limiting.

LEGENDS OF FIGURES

Figure 1: Photo and characteristics of Citrus medica L. var Risso: Height of mature shrub: 3 m Hardiness: semi-hardy Exposure: sun Foliage: evergreen Flowering period: end of March-October Flower color: white Month of flowering fruit harvest: September to December Bark color: yellow Fruit flavor: slightly acidulous Attributes: fragrant Figure 2: Demonstration of the biocidal activity of Citrus medica L. var Risso on 25 aphids. Aphids placed directly in contact with the solution containing 10% of the essential oil of Citrus medica L. var Risso and 90% of Tween 80, died on the spot. It is also highlighted by the photo that the aphid chest is in depression.

30 EXAMPLES

Example 1. Standard chromatographic profile of Citrus medica L. var Risso, with predominant lipophilic components Table 2: Constituents% Constituents% limonene 68.69 beta-phellandrene 0.35 beta-pinene 9.23 geranyl acetate 0.34 gamma-terpinene 6.84 alpha-thuyene 0.31 geranial 2.35 alpha-bergamotene 0.30 sabinene 1.63 alpha-terpineol 0.27 Alpha-pinene 1.55 beta-caryophyllene 0.21 myrcene 1.49 trans-beta-ocimene 0.11 Nal 1.39 aldehyde C8 0.08 linalyl acetate 1.39 Camphene 0.07 terpinolene 0.67 alpha-phellandrene 0.06 linalool 0.60 germacrene D 0.04 beta -bisabolene 0.53 aldehyde Cl0 0.04 Alpha-terpinene 0.52 aldehyde C9 0.04 neryl acetate 0.44 cis-beta-ocimene 0.04 paracymene 0.43 citronellal 0.02 Example 2. Standard chromatographic profile of Cinnamomum Cassia Ness ex Blume, with predominant lipophilic components Table 3: Constituents% Constituents % alpha pinene 0.12 phenylethyl acetate 0.16 camphene 0.08 cis cinnama ldehyde 0.32 beta pinene 0.04 phenylethyl alcohol 0.61 limonene 0.04 O methoxybenzaldehyde 0.46 styrene 0.13 trans cinnamaldehyde 73.69 paracymene 0.04 cinnamate methyl 5.54 alpha copaene 0.22 cinnamyl acetate 2.85 benzaldehyde 0.87 cinnamic alcohol 0.20 beta caryophyllene 0.10 coumarin 1.70 29 salicylic aldehyde 0.21 0 methoxycinnamaldehyde 10.15 borneol 0.09 acetate methoxycinnamyl 0.13 hydroxycinnaldehyde 0.39 Examples 3. Concentrations of essential oil of Citrus medica L. var Risso adapted to cutaneous or mucocutaneous conditions The table below gives the preferred dose ranges, by application, between 0.1 and 15% of essential oil of Citrus medica L. var Risso alone (HE.Cm) or which can be combined with other essential oils (HE), among those in examples 11, 12 and 13 Use by the topical route% Use by% HE.Cm HE.Cm Mucosal route Acne, Furuncle 0.5 to Candidose anite 15% 0.6 to 6.5% Dermatophytosis, candidiasis of the hands, 1.6% to Candidiasis and bacterioses of the nails and feet (athlete's foot) 12% vaginal, vulvovaginitis 0.6 to 5.7% Crevasse of the hands / feet 0.7 to 4% Genital herpes 1.8 to 9.7% Seborrheic dermatitis 0.5 to gluteus and 4.6% lower limbs 1.8 to 15% Trichophytetic folliculitis and 0.7% to ophthalmic zona: Staphylococcal 8.5% oral supplement 0.1 to 4% Digital and labial herpes 1.3 to 12% Lichen erosive and verrucous, Lucite 1 to 9% summer Parsley / tourniole 3 to 12% Pityriasis versicolor 2 to 5.4 % Eczema, Psoriasis 1 to 5.8% Seborrhoeic and flat wart 12% Zona maxillary and interstitial 15% Example 4: Demonstration of the powerful fungicidal and bactericidal properties of Citrus medica L. var Risso Preliminary tests: After seeding of several fruits fresh Citrus medica L.var Risso (Etrog), with fungi and mold from different fruits and vegetables put in situa rotting, the Etrogs were kept in the open air and at room temperature after contamination. Despite the maintenance of these conditions, in constant contact with these germs for several days, then several weeks, the Etrogs have never undergone any sign of rotting or any degradation, that this degradation could be fungal or bacterial, at contrary to all other fruits and vegetables that are early infected.

Confirmation of results: The experiment was repeated by sowing 5 Etrog fruits (fresh, yellow, odorous) with fungi and mold (lemon, orange, strawberry, tomato, zucchini, cucumber, olive, salad grape). The 5 fruits of Citrus medica L. var Risso were kept in the open air and at room temperature in their original box. Week after week, on a period of observation still in progress and after a new point at 9 months, the fruits have dried, lost their olfactory power, but have never undergone any rotting. Confirmation has been established that Etrogs contain a potent fungicide and bactericide in the skin and / or flesh of the fruit.

Example 5. Demonstration of the activity of Citrus medica L. var Risso in food preservation Various foods (fruits, vegetables, brioche, etc., see below) have been used and will serve as a control, or to undergo a curative treatment or prolonged preventive treatment with the essential oil of Citrus medica L. var Risso, with the aim of determining whether or not to limit, slow down or prevent their natural degradation. The different products were stored in plastic plates, in a room kept at a constant temperature of 17 ° C and not receiving the sun directly.

The preventive treatment consisted in spraying the different products with a single application on the first day of the test, of Citrus medica L. var Risso, diluted to 1 / 10th or 1 / 100th in Tween 80 and to photograph the evolution every day, at 10am.

The prolonged preventive treatment consisted in spraying the different products with an application every day from the first day and during 15 days, of Citrus medica L. var Risso diluted to 1 / 10th or 1 / 100th in Tween 80 and to photograph the evolution every day at 10am (before each new spraying). Organic foods have not received any biological treatment. An untreated product that has not been sprayed with Citrus medica L.var Risso serves as a control. The essential oil of Citrus medica L. var Risso is diluted in Tween 80 and kept in a sprayer protected from light and heat. 10 - The different organic foods are: Brioche (1 cm thick) Carrot (whole without fane) Lemon (whole) 15 Clementine (whole) Zucchini (whole) Orange (whole) Grapefruit (whole) Potato ( whole) 20 - The different non-organic foods are: Peppers (whole) White grapes (4 grains without pedicle) Tomato (whole) 25 Homemade whole bread (6 mm free)

Intermediate results showed the effectiveness of the extract on the control of potato germination, on tomato and carrot rot, and on the preservation of other products, particularly lemon and lemon. grapefruit. Example 6. Demonstration of Citrus medica L. var Risso biocidal activity on aphids and crop preservation Many animals are hosts to plants and soils. Through their movements and way of life, they are vectors of transport and contamination of viral, bacterial, fungal and dependent insect origin. Aphid is a pest in agriculture. The goal is to eliminate aphids without harming plants or other live insects on these same plants and in soils.

Experiment: Four branches of Philadelphus coronarius (Garden Seringat) were cut and placed in a jar with spring water to ensure their survival.

All the strands are carrying leaves. On the stems, below and above the green leaves, are black aphids moving throughout the plant. A brief spray on the top of the leaves of the solution (90% Tween 80 and 10% HE Citrus medica L. var Risso) was performed. Two hours later, a photo showed that: the aphids under the leaves are mobile and unaffected, the aphids directly in contact with the mixture died on the spot. The photo shows that the aphid's thorax is depressed (Figure 2).

The next day, a new spray was applied to the underside of the leaves. Conclusions: - all the aphids in contact with the product died in 2 hours, - all the aphids not directly in contact remain alive, - the aphids are like paralyzed on the spot, in a position without folds of the legs, - 48h after the second spraying, tapping the branches causes the aphids to fall (others in direct contact with the product remain attached to the branch, the product trapped in the hair of the plant generates a surface tension). - no more live aphids; the plant continues to grow and develops 30 new leaves. - At the 5th day appearance of a mold at the air contact between the plant and the liquid of the vase. Rinse with clear water, and a new formation will appear the next day. - At the 25 ° day, the plants are transferred in garden. No new presence of aphids (neither on the surrounding plants before the transfer and they continue their growth).

Example 7. Oral formulations adapted to humans and animals Spray for controlled local diffusion (Mantes) Example of a formulation for treating an attack of the oral mucosa with streptococcus: HE Citrus medica L. var Risso 3 g HE Cinnamomum cassia 6 g QSP a spray of 90g

Oral gel (3 plants): Example of a formulation to treat inflammation of the gums due to excess candida Spp HE Citrus medica L. var Risso 0,2 g HE Cinnamomum cassia 0,2 g HE Mint x piperita 0,1 g QSP gel gingival 20 g Capsule (2 plants): Example of a formulation to treat an impairment of the digestive tract with a view to reducing carminative bacteria HE Citrus medica L. var Risso 0.020 g HE Cinnamomum cassia 0.025 g Vegetable coal 0.350 g QSP one capsule 0.450 g

Gastroresistant capsule (2 herbs): Example of a formulation for treating inflammatory bowel disease during episodes of gastrointestinal colitis HE Citrus medica L. var Risso 0.030 g HE Achillea millefolium 0.015 g QSP 1 hard capsules with enteric coating of 0.450 boy Wut

Example 8. Suitable topical formulations in human and animal indications: Ointment (3 plants): Antimycotic preparation for anal infestations. HE Citrus medica L. var Risso 1.7 g HE Pelargonium x asperum Cv Bourbon 3.4 g HE Eugenia caryophyllata 3.9 g QSP 100 g ointment Lipstick (3 plants): Anti herpes preparation in herpes labial or genital HE Citrus medica L. var Risso 0.2 g HE Ocimum basilicum 0.06 g HE Laurus nobilis 0.16 g QSP a stick of 4 g

Collodion for superficial body growths (3 plants): Antimycotic preparation of appendages HE Citrus medica L. var Risso 0.56 g HE Pelargonium x asperum Cv Bourbon 1.13 g HE Eugenia caryophyllata 1.30 g QSP a Collodion of 30 g Lotion type repellent (2 plants): Preparation for pest control and repellent scalp infestations by lice HE Citrus medica L. var Risso 7% HE Cinnamomum cassia 3% QSP neutral shampoo Dermal gel (2 plants): Preparation aimed anti -inflammatory and restorative skin in germ-free infections such as eczema HE Citrus medica Risso var. 3.6 g HE Cinnamomum cassia 5.4 g QSP a topical gel of 90 g

Shampoo (3 plants): Preparation for hair care: dandruff conditions and intensive anti-hair loss HE Citrus medica L. Risso var 2.5 g Cinnamomum cassia HE 1.5 g Laurus nobilis 2.0 g QSP shampoo of 100 g Shampoo (3 plants): Preparation for the purpose of hair preservation: preventive care and hair repair HE Citrus medica L. Risso var 1.9 g HE Cinnamomum cassia 0.8 g HE Eucalyptus polybractea 1.2 g QSP a shampoo of 100 g

Cutaneous spray (2 plants): Preparation for the regulation of sweat hypersecretion disorders: HE hyperhydrate Citrus medica L. var Risso 3.2 g HE Cinnamomum cassia 2.4 g 36 QSP a spray of 90 g

Example 9. Formulations for internal use in human and animal indications: Suppositories, ovules or vaginal capsules (3 plants): Example of antifungal treatment of Candida albicans responsible for candidiasis (vulvovaginitis, anitis) HE Citrus medica L. var Risso 0 , 50 g HE Pelargonium x asperum Cv Bourbon 0.11 g HE Eugenia caryophyllata 0.13 g QSP a suppository of 3 g

Intimate peri-anal, peri-vulvar gel (3 plants): Example of antifungal treatment of Candida albicans responsible for candidiasis (vulvovaginitis) HE Citrus medica L. var Risso 1.50 g HE Cinnamomum cassia 4.60 g HE Inula graveolens 3, 40 g QSP a gel of 100 g Example 10. Example based on an oil solution to spray on the wound and repulsive vis-à-vis the culicoides but also treating the condition (eggs, scarring, inflammation) The Transport parasites or pathological generators are numerous. The typical example is culicoïde, a small flying insect laying in the dermis of animals (horse case). It follows an irritating erosive dermatitis whose wound promotes superinfections. Oily spray solution (2 plants): HE Citrus medica L. var Risso 15% HE Cinnamomum cassia 4% OSP oily solution Example 11. Aerosol dispersion repellent solution against food mites and clothing mites 37 Spray solution (2 plants ): HE Citrus medica L. var Risso 15% HE Cinnamomum cassia 8% QSP a neutral porous support Example 12. Background treatment or cleansing of the air, for the free diffusion in the air of habitats with respiratory aim (diffusion of ambiance) The rooms occupied by patients with contagious respiratory pathologies are sources of diffusion of pathology to their surroundings. It is possible to treat the part with a double effect (curative and preventive on the propagation of air).

Air Diffuser (2 plants): HE Citrus medica L. var Risso 0.5 g HE Cinnamomum Cassia 0.2 g 15 QSP a solution for 20 g diffuser

Example 13. Prophylaxis for the diffusion in the air of a closed warehouse without personnel (for insect control or disease treatment) The warehouses are subject to a coming and going of entrances and exits perishable goods. Foods are vectors of germs that air diffusion can control but volumes are important and will depend mainly on the movement of goods.

Aerial diffusion solution (2 plants): 25 HE Citrus medica L. var Risso 5 g HE Cinnamomum Cassia 2 g QSP a diffusible solution of 1000 g

Example 14. Applications for inert surfaces (antifungal and antibacterial action) Water dispersible dosimeter for the curative treatment of soils (2 plants): HE Citrus medica L. var Risso 1.5g 38 HE Cinnamomum Cassia 0.8g Agent solubilizer O / W QSP a dispersible dosette in 1 liter of water Example 15. Applications for agricultural surfaces Aerial solution for anti-insect control (1 plant): HE Citrus medica L. var Risso 0, lg QSP in 1 liter Aerial broadcast solution for pest control (2 plants): HE Citrus medica L. var Risso 5 g HE Cinnamomum cassia 5 g QSP in 1 liter Aerial solution for preventive or curative purposes (3 plants): HE Citrus medica L. var Risso 0, lg HE Cinnamomum Cassia 0.15g HE Laurus nobilis 0.05g QSP in 1 liter20

Claims (10)

REVENDICATIONS1. Composition comprising an extract of Citrus medica L. var Risso fruit for antifungal, antibacterial, antiallergic, antiparasitic, anti-arthropod, anthelmintic and / or antiviral use. 2. Composition according to claim 1, characterized in that the fruit extract of Citrus medica L. var Risso is an essential oil. 3. Composition according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the fruit extract of Citrus medica L. var Risso is obtained from the bark and / or fruit pulp. 4. Composition according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the fruit extract of Citrus medica L. var Risso represents from 0.001% to 80% of the total weight of the composition. 5. Composition according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that the fruit extract of Citrus medica L. var Risso represents an oral dose of 5 to 3000 mg per dosage unit or a dose of 5 to 3600 mg by cutaneous application. 6. Composition according to claim 1, characterized in that it further comprises a cinnamon extract. 7. Composition according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that it further comprises one or more plant extracts preferably chosen from extracts of Laurus nobilis, Acorus calamus, Eucalyptus polybractea with cryptone, Eugenia Caryophyllata, Inula graveolens, Mentha x piperita, Pelargonium x asperum Cv Bourbon, Thymus serpyllum, Achillea millefolium or vegetable charcoal. 8. Use of an extract of the fruit of Citrus medica L. var Risso, alone or in combination with at least one other plant extract, for the preparation of antifungal, antibacterial, antiallergic, antiparasitic, antiarthropod, antihelminthic composition and / or antiviral. 9. Composition comprising an extract of the fruit of Citrus medica L. var Risso and a cinnamon extract. 10. Composition according to claim 9, characterized in that it comprises, with respect to the total weight of the composition: from 1% to 30% by weight of an extract of the fruit of Citrus medica L. var Risso; and from 1% to 30% by weight of a cinnamon extract. 13. Composition according to one of claims 9 or 10, characterized in that it further comprises one or more other plant extracts. 14. The composition as claimed in claim 11, characterized in that said plant extract is an extract of Laurus nobilis, Acorus calamus, Eucalyptus polybractea with cryptone, Eugenia Caryophyllata, Inula graveolens, Mentha x piperita, Pelargonium x asperum Cv Bourbon or charcoal preferably an extract of Laurus nobilis. 15. Process for the preparation of a composition according to any one of claims 9 to 12, comprising a step of preparation of an extract of Citrus medica L. var Risso, and a step of mixing between said extract and one or more other plant extracts, especially cinnamon. 16. Use of a composition according to any one of claims 1 to 7 or 9 to 12, for the preparation of an anti-fungal, antibacterial, anti-allergic, anti-arthropod, anthelmintic anti-parasitic and / or antiviral composition. 515. Use of a composition according to any one of claims 1 to 7 or 9 to 12 for the preparation of a medicament for human or animal use. 16. The use as claimed in claim 15 for the preparation of a composition intended to prevent or treat diseases, affections and / or infections of the skin, superficial body growths or mucous membranes, preferably fungal infections, including candidiasis, bacterial infections, dermatoses, onyxis and perionyxis, seborrheic dermatitis, acne, boils, furunculosis, eczema or psoriasis. 17. Use of a composition according to any one of claims 1 to 7 or 9 to 12, for the preparation of a cosmetic product, a hygiene product or a care product. 18. Use of a composition according to any one of claims 1 to 7 or 9 to 12, for the preparation of a dietary supplement. 19. Use of a composition according to any one of claims 1 to 7 or 9 to 12, for the preparation of a phytosanitary product, preferably for destroying and / or preventing the development of aphids, varroa or mosquitoes. . 20. Use of a composition according to any one of claims 1 to 7 or 9 to 12 for the preparation of a care product and / or cleaner. 21. Use of a composition according to any one of claims 1 to 7 or 9 to 12 for the preservation of food.