FR2912161A1 - HYDRAULIC STATION FOR THE RECOVERY, MANAGEMENT AND DISTRIBUTION OF STORM WATER - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to a hydraulic water recovery, management and distribution station comprising a main reservoir (1), an inlet pipe (10) adapted to feed the main reservoir (1) with run-off water, a pipe (11) outlet adapted to be supplied with water, characterized in that it comprises at least one tank (2) rainwater collector infiltrated into the ground, a main transfer line (12) equipped with a valve ( 22) adapted to allow / prohibit a circulation of water from the reservoir (2) to said main reservoir (1) and vice versa, a control unit (4) adapted to control the openings / closures of said valve (s) ( s) (22), and at least one bidirectional drain bank (5) adapted to allow, on command of said automaton (4), the collection of groundwater present in the vicinity of said reservoir (2) collector or the evacuation of the water present in led it tank (2) collector to the surrounding ground.

Description

HYDRAULIC STATION FOR RECOVERING, MANAGING AND DISTRIBUTING

  The invention relates to a hydraulic station for the recovery, management and distribution of rainwater.

  Rainwater is the water flowing from high bottoms to the bottom, naturally, without the hand of man having contributed.

  Throughout the text, a distinction is made between surface or near-surface rainwater and rainwater infiltrated into the soil in deeper layers contributing in particular to the supply of free aquifers, captive aquifers, or even aquifers. groundwater. For this purpose, throughout the text, runoff water defines the rainwater of municipal roads and domestic or commercial buildings that are not infiltrated or slightly infiltrated into the ground, typically less than 5 meters deep, and that can be recovered directly from a storm sewer, a storm weir and / or a storage pond. Groundwater defines rainwater infiltrated at medium or great depth, typically more than 5 meters deep, adapted to be recovered through buried drains, and water stored in free, captive or phreatic aquifers.

  Numerous studies have shown that 54% of the water used by humans does not require a drinking water quality. This is particularly the case for a large number of industrial or domestic activities such as surface washing, cooling, demoulding, watering green spaces, feeding sanitary blocks, feeding fire hydrants, etc.

  This led to the development of many 30 rainwater recovery systems for communities, industry or individuals.

  For example, US 4,934,404 discloses an underground reservoir connected to a conduit connected to a receptacle for collecting water flowing from a roof for the storage of this water in the tank. A pump is carried by an upper bulkhead of the tank and is connected to an outlet pipe for supplying water to a lawn watering system. A second tank similar to the first can be connected to the lower part of the first tank by means of a pipe which extends between the two tanks. This second tank is also connected by an outlet pipe to the irrigation system of a lawn. Therefore, US Pat. No. 4,934,404 indicates that such a device makes it possible to recover and reuse a large quantity of water.

  Such a device allows the recovery of surface rainwater such as gutter waters. On the other hand, it does not allow the recovery of infiltrated water, at low, medium or great depth.

  US 5,234,286 also discloses an underground reservoir comprising a water intake connected to a rainwater pipe falling on a building. This water intake is equipped with a controlled valve to control the admission of water into the tank by selectively redirecting the water in the tank or in a buried overflow pipe that deviates from the tank and the tank. building. US 5,234,286 also discloses a pump disposed above the tank, controlled from inside the building, and adapted to supply the plumbing of the building.

  Such a device still does not allow the collection of water infiltrated into the ground. It is limited to the recovery of non-infiltrated rainwater and the delivery, on command of a pump, of these waters to a use.

  No. 6,382,237 describes a device that comprises a reservoir connected to at least one inlet drain of water infiltrated into the ground. This device also comprises a pipe equipped with a pump adapted to pump water from the tank and route it to a use. Such a device also comprises a manual valve whose particular structure allows according to its position, to allow the collection of water by the drains buried in the ground, or the emptying of a portion of the tank by these drains.

  Such a device allows the recovery of infiltrated water. It also allows drainage of some of the water stored in the tank through the drains. However, it does not allow the complete emptying of the tank. It also does not allow the recovery of stormwater runoff. Recovered water is not treated prior to storage in the tank.

  The invention aims to provide a hydraulic station for the recovery, management and distribution of both stormwater runoff and groundwater.

  The invention also aims to provide a hydraulic station which prevents floods by preventing the soil from raining with rainwater after heavy rains.

  The invention also aims at providing a hydraulic station which makes it possible to recover rainwater runoff for irrigating the basements in the event of drought.

  The invention also aims to provide a hydraulic station that can adapt autonomously to the surrounding climatic conditions.

  The invention also aims at providing a station

  20 that can recover rainwater, treat it, and route it to all types of devices that do not require drinking water quality.

  The invention also aims to provide a hydraulic station that can recover groundwater, treat, and route to all types of use does not require quality water

25 drinking water.

  The invention also aims to provide a hydraulic station that can provide one or more of the following treatments: screening of water, separation of hydrocarbons, decantation, fine filtration by bag or sieve, UV treatment, limestone treatment.

  The invention aims to provide a hydraulic station that can help preserve the natural resources of drinking water by providing water suitable for secondary uses. The invention aims to provide a hydraulic station whose dimensions and configuration can be adapted to domestic, industrial, communal, regional, etc..

  To do this, the invention relates to a hydraulic station for the recovery, management and distribution of rainwater comprising:

  - a water storage tank, said main reservoir, - at least one pipe, called inlet pipe, arranged between at least one stormwater collection area and said main reservoir so as to allow feeding said main reservoir in runoff water, - at least one pipe, said outlet pipe, arranged between said main tank and at least one use so as to allow the water supply of said (said) use (s),

  characterized in that it comprises: - at least one collecting tank of water infiltrated into the ground, called groundwater, said collecting tank being distinct from said main reservoir, 20 - at least one pipe, called main transfer pipe, arranged between said main tank and each collecting tank and equipped with at least one valve adapted to allow / prohibit a circulation of water from this collecting tank to said main tank and vice versa, - a control unit, called a PLC, adapted

  25 to control the openings / closures of said valve (s), - at least one bidirectional drain bank buried in the ground and arranged between at least one collecting tank and the surrounding ground, said drain battery being adapted to allow , on command of said automaton, the collection of underground water present in the vicinity of this

  30 collection tank and its circulation to the collecting tank, or the evacuation of the water present in the collecting tank to the surrounding ground.

  A hydraulic station according to the invention thus makes it possible, in a single installation, to channel, store, transfer, and evacuate the rainwater runoff and the groundwater, by pumps or by means of a battery of drains, for all types of uses, such as irrigation networks, green sprinkler systems, sanitary block feeders, industrial cooling systems, etc. A hydraulic station according to the invention can easily be adapted, by definition of the sizes of the tanks to be used, to meet the needs of an individual, an industrial, a municipality, a community of municipalities, etc. , in waters for the irrigation of grounds, the watering of green spaces, the supply of fire hydrants, washing stations, toilets, etc. A hydraulic station according to the invention protects the surrounding areas of the location of the hydraulic station against the risk of flood by ensuring recovery of water infiltrated and storage of these waters in the storage tank. A hydraulic station according to the invention also makes it possible to irrigate the neighboring zones in the event of drought by draining water through the drain banks. A hydraulic station according to the invention is suitable for all types of region and particularly for regions experiencing periods of intense drought followed by periods of heavy rainfall and / or floods. A hydraulic station according to the invention thus provides regulation functions

  25 natural waters. A hydraulic station according to the invention limits the discharge of rainwater runoff into the unitary networks. Therefore, it is possible to undersize these unit networks and thus reduce the cost of these unitary networks and the cost of rainwater treatment.

  A hydraulic station according to the invention makes it possible to preserve the natural resources of drinking water by supplying non-potable water to most activities that do not require drinking water.

  In other words, a hydraulic station according to the invention makes it possible to preserve streams, rivers, groundwater, etc., and limits the risk of flooding.

  The drains batteries according to the invention are adapted to ensure either an action of collecting underground water, or an action of evacuation of water stored in the storage tank and / or in the collecting tank. The action performed by each drains battery is determined by commands provided by the PLC that define the condition of the valves and pumps of the hydraulic station.

  A battery of drains according to the invention is an arrangement of several drains. These drains can be of all types. The drains of the same battery of drains may all be identical or may each have a specific structure and shape. A drain may for example be formed by a rigid pipe, for example made of PVC, having a plurality of percolation orifices spaced from each other or a plurality of grooves formed on a portion of the circumference of the pipe, these grooves and / or orifices being distributed along the pipe. The position of the drains with respect to the collecting tank and with respect to the configuration of the installation location of the hydraulic station may be specific to each embodiment. Nevertheless, advantageously and according to the invention, at least one battery of drains comprises a plurality of drains, each drain extending between a collecting tank and the surrounding ground in a plane substantially

  25 perpendicular to the vertical, that is to say, to the direction given by gravity.

  Drains extending in a plane substantially orthogonal to the vertical make it possible to ensure a collection of water and a discharge of water which have equivalent yields. Such an arrangement therefore favors bidirectional operation of the drain battery. In contrast, a drain of which

  The junction end of the collecting tank is located above the opposite end buried in the ground, favors water evacuation operations to the detriment of water collection operations. Conversely, a drain whose junction end to the collecting tank is located below the opposite end buried in the ground, favors the groundwater collection operations at the expense of the water evacuation operations.

  Each drain of the drain battery according to the invention can have different shape and structure and be made of a variety of materials such as PVC, polyethylene, concrete, terra cotta, and equivalent materials. Each drain may be embedded in a sand filter or in equivalent filters.

  Furthermore, a drain according to the invention may be coated with a filter cloth of any type. Nevertheless, advantageously and according to the invention, each drain of each drain battery is coated with geotextile, in particular with a geotextile felt, so that this drain can perform filtration functions of the water it collects and discharges. .

  A drain coated with a geotextile, a permeable textile product, based on synthetic fibers, thus allows the drain to provide filtration functions for the water collected and discharged. Therefore, the water collected by the battery of drains are treated, which allows to provide clean water for the various uses related to the hydraulic station according to the invention.

  A geotextile-coated drain according to the invention may advantageously be embedded in sand so that it acts as a preliminary filter. A battery of drains according to the invention which equips a hydraulic station according to the invention has self-cleaning properties by a collection of water and a discharge of water which are carried out in reverse flow directions. A hydraulic station according to the invention may comprise one or more collecting tanks connected to the main tank.

  A main storage tank according to the invention can be arranged near or at a distance from one or more collecting tanks according to the invention. A storage tank according to the invention may comprise one or more water storage tanks arranged on the ground, or an enclosure completely buried in the ground. All types of development are possible according to the application targeted by such a hydropower station, depending on the public targeted by such an application in particular, industrial, farmer, commune, large city, etc., and depending on the amount of water to store and the geographical location of such a hydraulic station.

  Nevertheless, advantageously and according to the invention, said main storage tank is buried and at least one outlet pipe is equipped with a pump adapted to pump water from the main tank so as to allow easy routing of water by this conduct until use.

  A buried water storage tank makes it possible to preserve the aesthetics of the place of implantation. In addition, such an arrangement makes it possible to facilitate the flow of water from the collection areas of runoff water, such as storm basins, storm sewers, etc., to the storage tank, these flows being subject to to the natural gravity of drops of water.

  For any buried storage tank, the extraction of water stored in this buried tank is facilitated by the use of a pump.

  Each pump of the hydraulic station, as well as the different valves, are controlled by the PLC. This automaton can present several programs according to the intended use and the public concerned. These different programs can be set according to the season, weather conditions, etc.

  The automat allows to provide an automatic hydraulic station. To do this, it can include a number of sensors to measure soil hydrology, rainfall, atmospheric pressure, atmospheric temperature, hygrometry, water level in reservoirs and on the periphery of reservoirs. etc. These measures can be used, for example, to make weather forecasts to anticipate heavy rainfall or to anticipate periods of drought.

  Advantageously and according to the invention, each tank of the hydraulic station comprises at least one probe, called high level probe, adapted to detect a maximum filling of this tank, and at least one probe, called a low level probe, adapted to detect a complete emptying of this tank, each probe being adapted to provide its state to said control unit. Such probes make it possible to detect an overflow of the tank requiring partial emptying of the tank or, on the contrary, an empty tank that can receive a large quantity of water.

  The tanks can also be equipped with probes adapted to indicate the level of water in the tank, so that the control unit can accurately assess the amount of water present in each tank, and ensure fine level control. of water in

  15 tanks. The main storage tank and a collecting tank are connected by a water transfer line to perform the groundwater transfer operations collected by the drain bank to the storage tank or for the emptying operations of a part of the tank of

  20 storage in the soil via the battery of drains. This transfer line is equipped with a valve controlled by the control unit to allow or not the flow of water from the storage tank to the collector and vice versa. This transfer line can lead into each of the tanks at any level of the tank. Nevertheless, advantageously and according to the invention, at least one transfer line opens into a collecting tank near the bottom of the collecting tank and opens into said main tank near the bottom of the main tank. A hydraulic station according to the invention allows the treatment of stormwater runoff and groundwater. The groundwater collected by the battery of drains is preferably filtered by the geotextiles that coat the drains of each battery of drains. The rainwater runoff recovered by the storage tank via the inlet pipe is preferably treated, prior to their storage in the main reservoir, by a treatment plant for these rainwater. This stormwater treatment plant can be of any known type. It can in particular include means for screening water, hydrocarbon separation, UV filtration, etc.

  Nevertheless, the water stored in the tanks is never completely pure and impurities can remain. Eventually, these impurities can clog drains or obstruct transfer lines.

  Therefore, advantageously and according to the invention, said main tank comprises an access column to this tank adapted to allow a human operator to access the interior of said main tank to perform maintenance functions. This access column enables an operator to perform maintenance operations on the various equipment arranged or accessible from inside the tank, such as probes, transfer lines, inlet and outlet pipes. , pumps, electrical power supply system of electrical devices, etc. Advantageously and according to the invention, each drain of the battery of drains extending between the surrounding ground and the collecting tank opens into said main tank, so that an operator can clean said battery of drains from the main tank. A hydraulic station according to the invention may comprise a plurality of collecting tanks so as to cover a large region, each collecting tank being connected to at least one main storage tank. A hydraulic station may include a main storage tank and a plurality of secondary storage tanks. Advantageously, a hydraulic station according to the invention comprises: at least one second water storage tank, called secondary reservoir, at least one pipe, called secondary transfer line, arranged between each secondary tank and a collecting and equipped tank at least one valve adapted to allow / prohibit the unidirectional circulation of water from this secondary tank to this collecting tank, - at least one pipe, called the destocking pipe, arranged between said main tank and each secondary tank, and equipped with at least one valve adapted to allow / prohibit a two-way flow of water between said main tank and the secondary tank. A hydraulic station comprising a secondary water storage tank not only provides a large water storage capacity, but also provides a variety of stored water flow processes. In particular, a hydraulic station according to the invention can, under control of the automaton, ensure a storage of the water harvested in the secondary tank while allowing transfers of water from a collecting tank to the main tank or vice versa ; ensure water storage in the main tank and allow partial or total emptying of a secondary tank in a collecting tank for the irrigation of the grounds; maintain one or the other of the water storage tanks by transferring the water stored in the latter to the other storage tank; anticipate heavy precipitation by releasing part of the main storage tank by transfer to the secondary tank; etc. Like the main storage tank, advantageously and according to the invention, each secondary storage tank comprises an access column inside this tank adapted to allow a human operator to access the interior of said tank. secondary tank to provide maintenance functions. The arrangement of the various reservoirs relative to each other may be adapted to the soil structure of the implantation zone as well as to the environmental constraints of this zone.

  Nevertheless, advantageously and according to the invention, the tank bottoms of said main and collector tanks are at the same level and a secondary reservoir is arranged above a collecting tank so that said secondary transfer pipe extends along from the vertical.

  Advantageously and according to the invention, said access column inside the secondary reservoir also extends inside a collection tank arranged under the secondary reservoir.

  Such a column allows an operator to access the secondary storage tank and the collecting tank, arranged below the secondary storage tank.

  In the case where a hydraulic station according to the invention comprises several collecting tanks distant from each other and remote from the main tank, each of these collecting tanks comprises an access column to this collecting tank to allow a maintenance intervention and / or cleaning a human operator inside this collecting tank.

  In the case where a hydraulic station according to the invention comprises a secondary reservoir, advantageously, it comprises at least one vertical drain extending outside this secondary reservoir along the vertical, each vertical drain being connected to each of its ends, upper and lower, to a pipe opening into said secondary tank, said upper pipe being equipped with a valve adapted to allow / prohibit a flow of water in this pipe, so that the drain can ensure an evacuation of a portion of water stored in said secondary reservoir through an opening of said valve, or collect groundwater present in the vicinity of the secondary reservoir.

  Such a vertical drain allows a collection of water and a

  discharge of water directly from the secondary storage tank, without, however, requiring a transfer of this water to the collecting tank.

  A vertical drain according to the invention also makes it possible, if necessary, to temporarily and partially empty the water present in the secondary tank, outside and around the latter, to allow it to be filled, for example, with water. water from the main tank. This water stored temporarily outside and around the secondary tank can, once the secondary tank drained, or partially drained, be reintroduced into the tank via the vertical drains.

  According to a variant of the invention, a secondary tank may be equipped with a battery of vertical drains.

  Advantageously and according to the invention, each tank comprises a probe adapted to detect a presence of sludge at the bottom of the tank, said probe being connected to said control unit so that the latter can emit an alarm signal of presence of mud in a tank. Each tank of a hydraulic station according to the invention can be made of different types of materials.

  Nevertheless, advantageously and according to the invention, each tank is made of a material selected from concrete, recyclable polyethylene and polypropylene. These materials are economical, easy to use,

  20 compatible with constraints of water retention, environmental constraints, and allow the connection of transfer pipe and destocking PVC, concrete, etc..

  A concrete tank reduces the acidity of the recovered rainwater by reacting water with the basic components of the

  25 concrete tank that put mineral salts in solution and neutralize the PH of the water. The invention also relates to a hydraulic station for the recovery, management and distribution of rainwater, characterized in combination by all or some of the characteristics mentioned above or above.

  30 after. Other characteristics, objects and advantages of the invention will become apparent on reading the following description which, by way of nonlimiting example, shows one embodiment of the invention, with reference to the appended drawings; in these drawings:

  FIG. 1 is a diagrammatic view of a hydraulic station according to an embodiment of the invention implanted near a plant and adapted to feed the plant with water,

  FIG. 2 is a schematic view of a hydraulic station according to one embodiment of the invention, comprising a battery of bidirectional drains arranged between the ground and a water collection tank.

10 underground,

  FIG. 3 is a schematic view of a portion of a hydraulic station according to an embodiment of the invention comprising a bidirectional drains battery arranged between the ground and a groundwater collecting tank and which extends up to a water storage tank,

  FIG. 4 is a schematic view of a hydraulic station according to one embodiment of the invention comprising a secondary water storage tank equipped with a vertical drain,

  FIG. 5 is a schematic horizontal sectional view of a battery of bidirectional drains according to an embodiment of the invention.

  A hydraulic station according to the invention comprises, as shown in Figure 1, a water storage tank, said main tank 1, and a tank 2 rainwater collector infiltrated into the ground, called groundwater.

  The main reservoir 1 is adapted to store both stormwater runoff and groundwater.

  The main reservoir 1 is filled with rainwater runoff via at least one pipe, called the inlet pipe, arranged between at least one water collecting zone.

  30 rain runoff and this 1 main tank. This inlet pipe can be connected to all types of rainwater runoff collection areas. This collection area can be a storm basin, storm sewers, a network of gutters, etc.

  According to an advantageous embodiment of the invention, this inlet pipe 10 is equipped with a valve 20 adapted to allow / prohibit the filling of the storage tank 1 with rainwater runoff.

  According to a particularly advantageous embodiment, this valve 20 is a motorized valve controlled at the opening and closing by a control unit, called PLC 4. The operation of this controller 4 will be described later.

  A hydraulic station according to the invention also comprises at least one pipe, called the outlet pipe 11, arranged between the main reservoir 1 and at least one device adapted to be supplied with water.

  According to the embodiment of Figure 1, the outlet pipe 11 feeds a plant. Of course, all types of devices requiring a water supply can be powered by an outlet pipe 11 according to the invention. This may be, for example and non-exhaustively, water supply cooling systems, washing devices, toilet blocks, fire hydrants, watering devices, and in general, of all types of devices that do not require drinking water quality.

  A hydraulic station according to the invention comprises at least one pipe, called the main transfer pipe 12, arranged between the main reservoir 1 and the reservoir 2 collector. This transfer line 12 is equipped with at least one valve 22 adapted to allow / prohibit a flow of water from the tank 2 collector to the main tank 1 and vice versa.

  According to a particularly advantageous embodiment, this valve 22 is a motorized valve and controlled at the opening and closing by the controller 4.

  According to the invention, the hydraulic station comprises at least one battery of bidirectional drains buried in the ground and arranged between the collector tank 2 and the surrounding ground. This battery of drains 5 is adapted to allow, on command of the automaton, the collection of underground water present in the vicinity of the reservoir 2 collector and its circulation to the reservoir 2 collector, or the evacuation of the water present in said tank 2 collector to the surrounding soil. Each drain 5 of the drain battery is connected to the reservoir 2 collector via a pipe 13.

  In practice, the water collected by the drain bank 5 is either temporarily stored in the collector tank 2 before being conveyed to the main tank 1 via the transfer line 12, or directly transferred to the tank 1 main.

  According to an advantageous embodiment as shown in Figures 1, 2 and 5, the drain battery 5 is equipped with at least one valve 23 adapted to allow / prohibit a flow of groundwater present in the soil to the reservoir 2 and vice versa.

  This valve 23 is preferably a motorized valve controlled at the opening and closing by the controller 4.

  According to another embodiment as shown in Figure 3, each drain 5 of the drain battery extends to the main tank 1. According to this embodiment, the drain battery 5 is not equipped with a valve 23. The controls for filling the reservoir 2 and the collector drain 1 main tank then depend on the valve 22 which equips the pipe 12 transfer arranged between the collector tank 2 and the main tank 1. According to a particularly advantageous embodiment of the invention and as shown in Figures 1, 2, 3 and 4, a hydraulic station also comprises a second water storage tank, said secondary tank 3; at least one pipe, called secondary transfer pipe 14, arranged between the secondary tank 3 and the reservoir 1 collector and equipped with at least one valve 24 adapted to allow / prohibit the unidirectional flow of water from the secondary tank 3 to the reservoir 2 collector. According to this embodiment, a hydraulic station also comprises at least one pipe, called withdrawal pipe 18, arranged between the main tank 1 and the secondary tank 3. This outlet pipe 18 is equipped with at least one valve 28 adapted to allow / prohibit a two-way flow of water between the main tank 1 and the secondary tank 3.

  A hydraulic station according to this embodiment of the invention then makes it possible to store rainwater runoff and infiltrated water in the main tank 1 and in the secondary tank 3.

  A hydraulic station according to the embodiment of Figures 2 and 4, also stores these waters in the tank 2 collector by closing the motorized valve 23.

  A hydraulic station according to the embodiments of the figures also makes it possible to totally or partially evacuate the water stored in the different tanks via the drain battery 5. This evacuation depends on the hydrology and the permeability of the sub-units. terrestrial layers. A hydraulic station according to the invention comprising a secondary tank 3 allows a plurality of combinations of storage, transfer and discharge of water by the control of the valves 20, 22, 23, 24 and 28.

  A hydraulic station according to the invention comprising a secondary tank 3 equipped with a vertical drain 55 or vertical drain battery allows a plurality of combinations of storage, transfer and discharge of water by the control of the valves 20, 22 , 23, 24, 28 and 29

  These different valves 20, 22, 23, 24, 28, 29 are, according to an advantageous embodiment, controlled on opening and closing by a programmable controller 4. This automaton 4 can be realized by all types of automata. The management of this automaton 4 can be achieved by means of various computer software. Preferably, this controller 4 comprises a microprocessor adapted to determine, according to a pre-established programming algorithm, the state of the different valves according to a certain number of parameters supplied to it. This automaton 4 can also include a manual parameter input console so that a human operator can impose the state of the valves independently of the programming algorithm so as to force a drain of one or more tanks, force the transfer of water from one tank to another, etc. The parameters supplied to the controller 4 for determining the state of the valves advantageously comprise measurements representative of the meteorological conditions, the quantity of water present in the tanks, etc.

  To do this, and as shown in Figures 2, 3 and 4, a hydraulic station according to the invention advantageously comprises, for each tank 1, 2, 3, a probe, called probe 31, 32, 33 of low level, adapted to detect a complete emptying of this tank, and a probe, said probe 41, 42, 43 of high level, adapted to detect a maximum filling of this tank. A hydraulic station according to the invention may also comprise other sensors, such as temperature sensors, hygrometric sensors, barometric sensors, hydrometric sensors, etc., arranged outside the tanks and connected to the PLC 4 so as to provide the latter with corresponding measurements.

  A hydraulic station according to one embodiment of the invention may also comprise hydrocarbon detection probes arranged in one or more tanks. For example, the reservoir 2 collector may comprise at the level of the pipe 13 connecting the reservoir 2 collector to the drain bank 5, a hydrocarbon detection probe, so as to be able, via the controller 4, order the closing of the valve 23, if traces of hydrocarbons are detected by this probe. This ensures that the water discharged into the soil by the drain battery 5 is not likely to pollute the soil. A hydraulic station according to an advantageous embodiment of the invention also comprises, for each tank 1, 2, 3, detectors 51, 52, 53 of sludge.

  These detectors 51, 52, 53 are preferably arranged respectively in the bottom of the tanks 1, 2, 3 so as to detect a presence of sludge or sand in the tanks. These detectors are connected to the controller 4 so as to be able to send a signal to a human operator in order to initiate a cleaning procedure for the tanks concerned. These detectors 51, 52, 53 of sludge and sand may be of any known type. It can be all-or-nothing turbidity sensors such as commercially available sludge screen detectors.

  The cleaning of the tanks is facilitated by the arrangement of access columns inside the storage tanks. According to the embodiment of the figures, the hydraulic station comprises a column 61 for access inside the main tank 1 and a column 63 for access inside the secondary tank 3.

  These access columns 61, 63 are for example equipped with ladders with guardrails and extend between the surface and the bottom of each of the tanks.

  In practice, in the event of a signal emitted by the automaton 4 representative of a detection of sludge in one of the tanks, a human operator can borrow these access columns 61, 63 to reach the bottom of the corresponding reservoir and remove the sludge. These access columns 61, 63 also allow a human operator to maintain the various devices, waves, valves, pipes, etc.ù present in the tanks. According to an advantageous embodiment of the invention, each tank also comprises a ventilation duct adapted to ventilate the tank. In the figures, the main tank 1 is ventilated via a ventilation duct 81 arranged between this tank and a renewable air zone, the secondary tank 3 is ventilated via a ventilation duct 83 arranged between this reservoir and a renewable air zone, and the reservoir 2 collector is ventilated via a pipe 82 for ventilation arranged between the reservoir 2 collector and a renewable air zone.

  The operation of a hydraulic station according to the embodiment of Figure 2 is given in detail in the following.

  The main tank 1 is adapted to collect rainwater runoff conveyed by the inlet pipe. These waters can be stored in the main tank 1 or be discharged directly by one or more submerged or overhead pumps 7 to the irrigation networks or specific uses through the outlet pipe 11.

  The water stored in the main tank 1 can be transferred to the collection tank 2 by taking the transfer line 12 accessible by an opening command of the valve 22. These transferred water are either stored in the reservoir 2 collector, or evacuated by 5. The water stored in the main tank 1 can also be transferred to the secondary tank 3 by taking the outlet pipe 18 accessible by an opening command of the valve 28. These transferred water are then stored by the secondary tank 3.

  According to a particular embodiment and as shown in Figure 4, the water stored in the main tank 1 can also be transferred to the secondary tank 3 via a second outlet pipe 88 arranged between the main tank 1 and the secondary tank 3. According to this embodiment, access to this second outlet pipe 88 does not depend on a motorized valve. The secondary tank 3 is therefore adapted to store water supplied by the main tank 1. These stored water can be transferred to the reservoir 2 collector by taking the secondary transfer line 14 accessible by an opening command of the valve 24. This water can then be evacuated by the drain battery 5 accessible by an opening command. of the valve 23. These waters stored in the secondary tank 3 can also be reintroduced into the main tank 1 by taking the outlet pipe 18 accessible via the opening of the valve 28.

  The collector tank 2 is adapted to collect rainwater stored in the main and secondary tanks.

  The evacuation of the water present in the tank 2 collector is possible only when the valve 23 is in the open position.

  In addition, when the valve 23 is in the open position, the drain battery 5 can capture the groundwater and channel it to the collection tank 2 for temporary storage and transfer to the main tank 1.

  Note that the double direction of water circulation in the drains battery ensures a self-cleaning of the drains 5.

  Nevertheless, according to the embodiment of FIG. 3, each drain 5 extends to the main reservoir 1. The end of each drain 5 opening into the main tank 1 is advantageously obstructed by a cap 71 screwed and screwed, so that in normal situation, the water can not flow between the reservoir 2 collector and the main tank 1 5. Nevertheless, if necessary, and more particularly for an embodiment in which no access column is provided for the collector tank 2, each cap 71 screwed and screwed of each drain can be unscrewed. by a human operator present in the main tank 1 to proceed with the cleaning of this drain 5.

  The drain battery 5 makes it possible, on the one hand, to evacuate the water present in the collecting tank 2 and on the other hand to collect groundwater and to transfer it to the main reservoir 1 via the transfer line 12 .

  The tanks can be made of a variety of materials. Preferably, the tanks are made of a material selected from concrete, recyclable polyethylene and polypropylene, and equivalent materials. The tanks of the hydraulic station according to the embodiment of Figure 4 are all concrete. On the other hand, the secondary tank 3 of the hydraulic station 30 according to the embodiment of FIGS. 2 and 3 is made of polypropylene. To do this, this polypropylene secondary tank 3 is preferably surrounded by a layer 35 of geotextile, itself surrounded by a geomembrane 36, itself surrounded by a second layer 37 of geotextile. The geomembrane 36 is ventilated by a ventilation duct 17 arranged between the geomembrane and the access column 63 of the secondary tank 3.

  According to one embodiment of the invention, a hydraulic station comprising a secondary concrete tank 3 may further comprise, as shown in FIG. 4, a vertical drain 55 extending outside this secondary tank 3 along the vertical. This vertical drain 55 is connected at each of its ends, upper and lower, to a pipe 56, 57 opening into the secondary tank 3. The upper pipe 56 is equipped with a valve 29 adapted to allow / prohibit a circulation of water in this pipe 56, so that this vertical drain 55 can ensure a discharge of a portion of the water stored in this reservoir 3 secondary by an opening of the valve 29, or collect underground water present in the vicinity of the secondary tank 3.

  According to a variant of this embodiment, the lower pipe 57 may also be equipped with a motorized valve controlled by the controller 4 to allow or not the collection of water by the vertical drain 55.

  According to another variant of this embodiment not shown in the figures, a secondary concrete tank 3 may comprise a battery of vertical drains.

  According to these different variants, the water stored in the main tank 1 and the water stored in the secondary tank 3 can be evacuated via this vertical drain or a battery of vertical drains.

  The evacuation of water via this vertical drain 55 or a vertical drain battery makes it possible to store water 1 "outside the hydraulic station on the periphery of the secondary tank 3 and on a part of the height of the hydraulic station, which makes it possible to release a part of the volume of the hydraulic station, for example in the event of heavy rainfall This water stored outside the secondary tank 3 on its periphery may be subsequently totally or partially reintroduced via the vertical drain 55 or a vertical drains battery The amount of water that can be reintroduced depends on the impermeability of the soil.

  Like the drains 5 of the horizontal drains battery, each vertical drain 55 is preferably coated with a geotextile felt, itself embedded in sand.

  Figure 5 shows a schematic view of a horizontal drain battery arranged between the subsoil and the collector tank 2.

  This drain bank 5 comprises a plurality of drains, each drain 5 extending horizontally between the ground and the collector tank 2.

  Each drain 5 according to the invention can be of all types of shapes and structures and be made of a variety of materials such as PVC, polyethylene, concrete, terracotta, and equivalent materials.

  Each drain may be surrounded by a sand filter or equivalent filters. Preferably, each drain 5 is coated with geotextile so that the drain can provide filtration functions of the water it collects and discharges.

  According to the embodiment of FIG. 5, each end of a drain 5 arranged in the ground is obstructed by a plugged and bonded buffer 91, so as to prevent the penetration of earth into this drain 5.

  Preferably, each layer of geotextile coating a drain 5 is itself covered with a layer of sand.

  According to the embodiment of Figure 5, two valves 23 allow to allow / prohibit the collection or disposal of water through the drains.

  According to other embodiments, each drain 5 of the drain battery 5 may be associated with one or more valves 23, or one or more valves 23 may regulate the operation of a combination of drains 5.

  A number of configurations of the drain battery 5 are possible and are not described here in detail.

  In particular, a battery of drains 5 according to the invention 20 can be arranged directly in the ground or be part of a prefabricated element. A hydraulic station according to the invention comprising a main tank 1, a collector tank 2 and a bank of bidirectional drains 5, is a new, efficient, parameterizable and automatic solution for recovering, managing and distributing rainwater runoff and groundwater . According to an advantageous embodiment of the invention, a hydraulic station also comprises a rainwater treatment station arranged upstream of the inlet pipe 10. To do this, and in a known manner, a treatment station can comprise water screening means adapted to separate water from large waste such as pieces of wood, plastic bottles, cans, etc. These screening means are typically made by grids. A water treatment station may also comprise coagulation means, flocculation means and settling means. As a variant or in combination, a treatment station also comprises means for filtering water, for example using sand, crushed or rolled, anthracite or activated carbon. A hydraulic station according to the invention thus contributes to the safeguarding of groundwater and generally to the preservation of natural water resources by allowing the collection, treatment, and distribution of rainwater suitable for supplying devices that do not require drinking quality water. A hydraulic station according to the invention is therefore particularly adapted to the needs of secondary waters of an individual, an industrialist, an agglomeration, etc. 30

Claims (1)

  1 / - Hydraulic station for recovery, management and distribution of rainwater comprising: - a water storage tank, said reservoir (1) 5 main, - at least one pipe, said duct (10) input, arranged between at least one rainwater runoff collection zone and said main reservoir (1) so as to allow said main reservoir (1) to be fed with runoff water, at least one pipe, said pipe (11 ) outlet, arranged between said reservoir (1) and at least one main device adapted to be supplied with water, characterized in that it comprises: - at least one reservoir (2) rainwater collector infiltrated into the ground , called groundwater, - at least one pipe, said conduit (12) main transfer, arranged between said reservoir (1) main and each reservoir (2) collector and equipped with at least one valve (22) adapted to allow / prohibit a circulation of water from this reservoir (2) collector to said main tank (1) and vice versa, - a control unit, called PLC (4), adapted to control the openings / closures of said valve (s) (22), at least one bank of bidirectional drains (5) buried in the ground and arranged between at least one collector tank (2) and the surrounding floor 25, said drain bank (5) being adapted to allow, on the order of said automaton (4) ), the collection of groundwater present in the vicinity of the reservoir (2) collector and its circulation to the reservoir (2) collector, or the evacuation of the water present in the reservoir (2) collector to the surrounding soil. 2 / - Hydraulic station according to claim 1, characterized in that at least one drain bank (5) comprises a plurality of drains (5), each drain (5) extending between a reservoir (2) collector and the surrounding ground in a plane substantially perpendicular to the vertical. 3 / - hydraulic station according to one of claims 1 or 2, characterized in that each drain (5) is coated with geotextile so that the drain (5) can provide filtration functions of water. 4 / - Hydraulic station according to one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that said reservoir (1) is buried and in that at least one outlet pipe (11) is equipped with a pump (7) adapted to pump water from the main reservoir (1) so as to drive it to a device adapted to be supplied with water. 5 / - Hydraulic station according to one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that each reservoir (1; 2; 3) of the hydraulic station comprises at least one probe, said probe (41; 43; 43) high level adapted to detect a maximum filling of said reservoir (1; 2; 3), and at least one probe, said probe (31; 32; 33) of low level, adapted to detect a complete emptying of said reservoir (1; 2 3), each probe (31; 32; 33; 41; 42; 43) being adapted to provide its state to said automaton (4). 6 / - Hydraulic station according to one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that at least one pipe (12) of transfer opens into each reservoir (2) collector in the vicinity of the bottom of the reservoir (2) collector and opens into said main tank (1) near the bottom of the main tank (1). 7 / - hydraulic station according to one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that said reservoir (1) comprises a main column (61) access to the reservoir adapted to allow a human operator to access the interior of said main tank (1) to provide maintenance functions. 8 / - hydraulic station according to claims 2 and 7 taken together, characterized in that each drain (5) of the battery of drains extending between the surrounding ground and a reservoir (2) collector opens into said reservoir (1) principal .9 / - Hydraulic station according to one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that it comprises: - at least a second water storage tank, said tank (3) secondary, - at least one pipe, called secondary transfer line (14) arranged between this secondary reservoir (3) and a collecting reservoir (2) and equipped with at least one valve (24) adapted to allow / prohibit the unidirectional circulation of water of the reservoir (3) secondary to this reservoir (2) collector, - at least one pipe, said pipe (18) destocking, arranged between said reservoir (1) main and the reservoir (2) secondary, and equipped with at least one valve (28) adapted to allow / prohibit a bidirectional circulation water onnel between said reservoir (1) main and the reservoir (3) secondary. 10 / - hydraulic station according to claim 9, characterized in that at least one secondary reservoir (3) comprises a column (63) for access to the interior of the reservoir (3) adapted to allow a human operator d access to the interior of this secondary tank (3) to provide maintenance functions. 20 / - Hydraulic station according to one of claims 9 or 10, characterized in that the reservoir bottoms of said tanks (1) main and (2) collector are at the same level and that a reservoir (3) secondary is arranged above this collecting tank (2) so that said secondary transfer line (14) between this secondary tank (3) and the collecting tank (2) extends along the vertical. 12 / - Hydraulic station according to claims 10 and 11 taken together, characterized in that said column (63) for access to the interior of a secondary tank (3) also extends inside said tank (2). collector arranged under the secondary tank (3). 13 / - Hydraulic station according to one of claims 9 to 12, characterized in that it comprises at least one drain (55) vertical 15 15'extendre outside a tank (3) secondary along the vertical, each vertical drain (55) being connected at each of its upper and lower ends to a duct opening into said secondary tank (3), said upper duct (56) being equipped with a valve (29) adapted to allow / prohibit a circulation of water in this pipe (56), so that this drain (55) can ensure an evacuation of a portion of water stored in said secondary tank (3) through an opening of said valve ( 29), or collect groundwater present in the vicinity of the secondary tank (3). 14 / - Hydraulic station according to claim 13, characterized in that it comprises a vertical battery of vertical drains (55) extending outside a secondary reservoir (3) along the vertical, each drain ( 55) of said vertical vertical drain battery (55) being connected at each of its upper and lower ends to a pipe opening into said secondary tank (3), said upper pipe (56) being equipped with a valve ( 29) adapted to allow / prohibit a circulation of water in this pipe (56), so that this drain (55) can ensure an evacuation of a portion of water stored in said secondary tank (3) by an opening of said valve (29), or collect underground water present in the vicinity of the secondary tank (3). 15 / - hydraulic station according to one of claims 1 to 14, characterized in that each reservoir (1; 2; 3) comprises a probe (51; 52; 53) adapted to detect a presence of mud at the bottom of the reservoir (1 2; 3), said probe (51; 52; 53) being connected to said automaton (4) so that the latter can emit an alarm signal of presence of sludge in a tank (1; 2; 3). 16 / - Hydraulic station according to one of claims 1 to 15, characterized in that each tank (1; 2; 3) is made of a material selected from concrete, recyclable polyethylene and polypropylene.