FR2884142A1 - Cosmetic composition for use as makeup and/or care composition for lips and/or skin, e.g. lipstick or foundation, contains polymer comprising graft or block of polyolefinic nature or polymeric unit derived from alpha-olefin - Google Patents

Abstract

A cosmetic composition contains a polymer comprising a graft or a block of polyolefinic nature or a polymeric unit derived from alpha -olefin. A cosmetic composition contains a polymer comprising a group of formula -O-P(O)(O->)-O-(CH2)eN+>(R5)3, and a graft or a block of polyolefinic nature or a polymeric unit derived from an alpha -olefin of formula CH2=CR1R2. R5H or 1-4C alkyl (preferably Me); e : 1-4 (preferably 2); R1H or Me; R21-50C alkyl or 1-7C cycloalkyl. Independent claims are also included for: (1) use of the polymer in a cosmetic composition; and (2) a nontherapeutic process for making up and/or caring for keratin materials, comprising applying the inventive cosmetic composition.

Description

O

-O-P- (CH2) e

-

  The present invention relates to cosmetic makeup and / or care compositions intended to be applied to the skin, the lips and / or the integuments containing new polymers or copolymers.

  The present invention more particularly aims to provide an oil or gum of the olefinic type, conventionally used for its gloss properties, modified to improve its resistance to keratin materials, and therefore to provide new polymers or copolymers.

  Indeed, it is known that oils of olefinic nature, because of their apolarity, do not have optimal properties in terms of adhesion, especially on the lips. From WO 93/01221 or US Pat. No. 6,225,431 is known a polymer having pendent groups bearing a permanent positive charge center as well as other pendant groups capable of stably binding the polymer to a surface by physisorption, covalent bonding or ionic interactions. . In the first place the field of application is different from that of the invention. In addition, although the polymer described may comprise a zwitterionic monomer, and in particular phosphorylcholine, the necessary presence of a group providing cosmetic properties of gloss, compatibility with oils, and hold is not necessary. sought.

  From WO 99/63956 is known a copolymer comprising monomers of type 2 (meth) acryloyloxyethylphosphorylcholine and (meth) acrylic ester type. Such a copolymer can be used in the field of cosmetics, including for use in the field of the capillary. However, this copolymer differs from the polymers or copolymers according to the present invention both in terms of structure and cosmetic properties. These polymers also have the disadvantage of being solid and difficult to disperse in oils.

  JP-A-2003-40942 discloses a method for synthesizing a polymer containing lateral phosphorylcholine groups. The main polymer chain contains, for its part, no block of polyolefinic nature.

  In fact, the previously described copolymers do not simultaneously exhibit blocks of a polyolefinic nature capable of imparting gloss to cosmetic compositions and groups of phosphorylcholine type capable of conferring resistance to cosmetic compositions. Indeed, such properties are commonly conferred by separate components which has the disadvantage of having constraints in terms of mutual compatibility of the components in particular.

  There is therefore a need to jointly optimize the gloss and strength of cosmetic compositions by adding a modified oil, preferably dispersible in the fatty phase.

  There is also a need to improve the skin and lip adhesion properties of olefinic oils or gums.

  Finally, there is a need to improve the dispersion of pigments conventionally present in cosmetic compositions.

  The present invention is a novel means that allows for facilitated formulation of cosmetic compositions. In other words, in a single addition of the polymer or copolymer according to the present invention, it is possible to improve simultaneously the properties of gloss and withstand, in particular of keeping the gloss over time. In the alternative, this polymer or copolymer also makes it possible to provide beneficial effects in terms of hydration, care and protection.

  The present invention more precisely relates to a cosmetic composition containing at least one polymer comprising at least: a group of formula (I):

O I I +

   OP (CH 2) e N (R 5) 3 (I) O- where the R 5 groups are the same or different and each is a hydrogen atom or a (C 1 -C 4) alkyl group and e is an integer ranging from 1 to 4 and a polymer unit, a graft and / or a block of olefinic nature, in particular a graft or a block of polyolefinic nature.

  According to yet another of its aspects, the present invention relates to the use of the polymer as defined above in a cosmetic composition.

  Finally, according to a last aspect, the subject of the present invention is a process for the makeup and / or non-therapeutic care of keratin materials, comprising at least one step of applying thereto at least one composition as defined above. .

  Within the meaning of the present invention is meant by "polymer" a product consisting of a set of macromolecules and characterized by certain properties such as molecular weight. By polymer is meant a compound comprising at least two repeating units, preferably at least three.

  For the purposes of the present invention, the term "monomer" covers a molecule capable of being converted into a polymer by combination with itself or with other molecules of the same type.

  Within the meaning of the present invention is meant by "copolymer" a polymer from at least two types of monomers.

  In addition, within the meaning of the present invention: the term "repeating unit" or "polymeric unit" designates the smallest constitutive unit whose repetition leads to a regular macromolecule.

  The term "constitutive unit" refers to an atom or a group of atoms, including atoms or groups of atoms optionally attached, which constitutes a fundamental part of the structure of a macromolecule.

  the term "block" designates a part of a macromolecule comprising numerous constituent units and which possesses at least one constitution or configuration characteristic which does not appear in the adjacent parts, - the term "polymeric chain" or "chain" "means a macromolecule or a part of a macromolecule comprising a linear or branched sequence of consecutive units situated between two consecutive consecutive units which may each be a terminal group, a branch point or a feature characteristic of the macromolecule, the terms" Block polymer "and" block copolymer "respectively cover a polymer whose macromolecules consist of linearly chained blocks and a block polymer derived from several species of monomers. They may be regular, irregular or sequenced, - the terms "graft polymer" and "graft copolymer" cover a polymer composed of macromolecules having blocks linked to the main chain; these blocks constitute side chains and have characteristics of constitution or conformation different from those of the main chain and respectively a graft polymer derived from several species of monomers, - the term "comb polymer" or "comb copolymer", which is a sub-category of graft polymers or copolymers, denotes a polymer or copolymer having a linear backbone of a certain chemical nature and polymer chains called "side branches", of an identical or different chemical nature, also linear but significantly shorter than the skeleton, covalently attached to said skeleton by one of their ends.

  - the term "alternating copolymer" covers a copolymer consisting of macromolecules having two kinds of alternately distributed monomer units, - the term "random copolymer" covers a copolymer consisting of macromolecules in which the distribution of the monomeric units obeys known statistical laws , and the term "random copolymer" covers a copolymer consisting of macromolecules in which the probability of finding a given monomeric unit at a given point in the chain is independent of the nature of the adjacent units the term "gradient copolymer", which is a sub-category of random copolymers, denotes copolymers exhibiting an evolution of the ratio of the different monomers throughout the chain. The distribution in the polymer chains of the comonomers, depends on the evolution during the synthesis of the relative concentrations of the comonomers, the term "block copolymer" denotes a copolymer whose constituent units follow one another in a definite order, in the case of a branch comprising a single point of attachment, we are dealing with a "star polymer".

  In the context of the present invention, "keratin materials" includes skin, lips, nails, hair, eyelashes and eyebrows and "keratin fibers" includes hair, eyelashes and eyebrows.

  The term "between ... and ..." means that the terminals are also described.

  The term "outfit" refers to the behavior of color, gloss, decrease of migration and / or decrease of transfer.

  POLYMER: HOMOPOLYMER OR COPOLYMER The polymer may be a homopolymer or a copolymer which may especially be randomized, grafted, sequenced, random or random, alternating, statistical, star-shaped, comb-shaped or mixed, or else of polymer type of polyolefinic nature comprising at least one minus a group of formula (I) as defined above at one or both ends, or directly on the main polymer chain. In the context of the present invention, the term "capped polymer" is used to denote said polymer of polyolefinic nature containing at least one group of formula (I).

  The groups of formula (I) as defined above may be independently of each other linked to at least one polymer unit, at one or both ends of the polymer or copolymer according to the present invention, or be included in minus a chain and / or a block and / or a graft constituting the polymer or copolymer according to the present invention. It is furthermore specified that this group of formula (I) as defined above can be linked directly by covalent bonding or by means of appropriate spacers.

  The polymer can be crosslinked. According to one embodiment, the polymer is not crosslinked.

  As an illustration of the various structures that may be adopted by the polymer or copolymer according to the present invention, those or all or part of the polymer or copolymer may be mentioned in particular: in the form of graft copolymers comprising a skeleton comprising at least a block of polyolefinic nature and whose grafts comprise at least one group of formula (I) as defined above, and preferably phosphorylcholine, in the form of graft copolymers comprising a skeleton comprising at least one block comprising at least one group of formula (I), as defined above and whose grafts contain identical or different blocks of polyolefinic nature, - in the form of block copolymers, for example di- or triblock, comprising linearly chained blocks of polyolefinic nature and blocks at least one of which comprises at least one group of formula (I) as defined above, and preferably phosphorylcholine, in the form of a random or random block copolymer comprising linearly chains of polymer units, chains and / or blocks of olefinic nature and of which at least one of them comprises at least one group of formula (I) as defined above, and preferably phosphorylcholine, in the form of a copolymer comprising linearly chained blocks of the same or different polyolefinic nature and comprising at one or both its ends or else bonded to the main polymer chain at least one group of formula (I) as defined above, and preferably phosphorylcholine, in the form of a polyolefinic polymer having at least one group of formula (I) as previously defined at one or both ends, or linked to the main polymeric chain, or - in the form of a mixed opolymer, comprising at least one group of formula (I) as defined above, and preferably phosphorylcholine.

  By "mixed copolymer" is meant a copolymer comprising polymeric chains of different nature, namely sequenced, random, random, alternating, block, grafted, star, capped or gradient.

  Of course, it is also within the scope of the present invention, polymers and copolymers in which several types of variants listed above and / or detailed below are combined with one another, ie, as described above for the mixed copolymers, by combination of chains or blocks of more than two different types, either in the form of a mixture of different polymers or copolymers.

  The polymer or copolymer according to the present invention may further comprise one or more groups comprising a positive charge center, or zwitterionic group distinct from the group of formula (I) as defined above.

  The polymer or copolymer according to the present invention is preferably liposoluble or dispersible in a fatty phase. Thus, it is in a preferred embodiment in the form of an oil of variable viscosity. When the oil has a very high viscosity, it can also be called gum.

  The polymer or copolymer according to the present invention may have a viscosity ranging from 0.5 to 109 cP, for example of the order of 10 to 105 cP.

  The polymer or copolymer according to the present invention preferably has a weight-average molecular mass (or GPC peak) of between 500 and 106, preferably between 1000 and 500 000, and even more preferably between 3000 and 250. 000.

  According to a preferred embodiment of the invention, the polymer or copolymer according to the present invention may comprise polymeric units, chains, blocks and / or grafts derived from monomers other than chains, blocks and / or grafts of polyolefinic nature. different and possible chains, blocks and / or grafts comprising the group of formula (I). The monomers from which these additional units, chains, blocks and / or grafts originate can advantageously be chosen from lipophilic monomers capable of copolymerizing with monomers bearing a group of formula (I), called monomers (A), and macromonomers of a polyolefinic nature. . Such monomers are named monomers of formula (C) in the following description.

  Among the monomers which may be chosen as monomers of formula (C), mention may be made of alkyl (meth) acrylates, linear, branched or cyclic C4-C40 alkyl (meth) acrylates, N-alkyls. (meth) acrylamides, N, N'-dialkyl (meth) acrylamides, alkyl vinyl esters, alkyl vinyl ethers and alkyl alkyl esters, the alkyl groups of this monomer being C 4 -C 40, linear, branched or cyclic.

  It is preferred that the polymer chains, blocks and / or grafts obtained from the monomers (C) are not crystallizable.

  According to a preferred embodiment of the invention, at least one of the monomers (C) is chosen from (C 4 -C 40) alkyl (meth) acrylates, for example C 12 -C 24 alkyl (meth) acrylates. Among these, mention may especially be made of butyl, isobutyl, tert-butyl, hexyl, tert-hexyl, octyl, ethyl-2-hexyl, tert-octyl, decyl, undecyl (meth) acrylate. , dodecyl, isononyl or isostearyl.

  The presence of polymer, block and / or graft units resulting from the polymerization of such monomers (C) in the polymers or copolymers according to the present invention may be particularly advantageous for adjusting the lipophilicity of the polymer or copolymer obtained.

  It may also have the advantage of limiting the emulsifying nature of the polymer or copolymer that could be obtained because of the charges included in the groups of formula (I).

  As regards the preparation of the copolymers according to the present invention, it can be carried out by any conventional polymerization technique. The choice of the method is generally made taking into account the desired structure for the copolymer, namely for example graft copolymer or block copolymer and as a function of the reactivity and preferential mode of polymerization of the monomers in the presence.

  Several embodiments of the polymers according to the present invention are detailed below.

COPOLYMER GRAFT

  A graft copolymer according to the present invention may have a backbone comprising at least one polymeric unit derived from the monomer of formula (A) defined below and / or comprise at its end a monomer of formula (A).

  According to a particular embodiment of the invention, the grafts comprise polymeric units based on polyolefins, namely homopolyolefins or copolyolefins and comprise an end copolymerizable with the monomers of formula (A) and / or any other monomers forming the skeleton. These polyolefins may advantageously comprise polybutene isomers detailed below.

  Thus, according to one of its aspects, the present invention more particularly relates to a graft copolymer comprising at least: a backbone comprising at least one polymeric unit derived from a monomer of formula (A): YBX (A) - X takes formula (I):

O I I

   OP (CH 2) e N + (R 5) 3 (I) where the R 5 groups are the same or different and each is a hydrogen atom or a (C 1 -C 4) alkyl group and e is an integer ranging from 1 to 4 B represents a divalent linear or branched alkylene, oxyalkylene or oligo-oxyalkylene group which may contain one or more heteroatoms, and Y represents a radical-polymerizable unsaturated monovalent group and a graft of polyolefinic nature.

  The graft copolymer may also comprise polymeric units or polymeric linkages from other monomers than that of formula (A). Such other monomers may be monomers (C) as defined above.

  The graft copolymers according to the present invention may have weight average molecular weights (or peak GPC peaks) of between 500 and 106, preferably 1,000 and 500,000, and even more preferably between 3,000 and 250,000 g. According to a preferred embodiment of the invention, the copolymer comprises a content by weight of polymer units derived from monomers of formula (A) less than or equal to 50%, preferably to 30%, relative to the total weight of the copolymer. The copolymer then has the advantage of preserving its soluble or dispersible character in an oil.

  According to another embodiment, the macromonomer of polyolefinic nature is preferably comprised in a content by weight of less than or equal to 80%, preferably less than 50%, relative to the total weight of the copolymer. Indeed, the macromonomer of polyolefinic nature is difficult to homopolymerisable.

  According to another embodiment of the invention, the composition in polymer units from the monomers of formula (A), macromonomers of polyolefinic nature and possible monomers (C) in the copolymer can be expressed as follows: The content by weight relative to the total weight of the copolymer in polymer units originating from the monomers of formula (A) is between 1 and 50%, preferably between 3 and 30%, more preferably between 5% and 25%. weight relative to the total weight of the copolymer in polymer units derived from macromonomers of polyolefinic nature is between 10 and 80%, preferably between 15% and 50%, more preferably between 15% and 30%, and / or by weight relative to the total weight of the copolymer in polymer units derived from the monomers (C) is between 0 and 89%, preferably between 20% and 87%, preferably between 30% and 80%.

  According to a preferred embodiment of the invention, the contents expressed above are verified simultaneously.

  Monomer of Formula (A) The monomer of formula (A) may especially be as described in WO 93/01221 or US Pat. No. 6,225,431.

  More specifically, the monomer of formula (A) can be represented by the general formula: Y-B-X (A) where: X takes formula (I):

O I I

   OP (CH 2) e N + (R 5) 3 (I) wherein the R 5 groups are the same or different and each is a hydrogen atom or a (C 1 -C 4) alkyl group and e is an integer ranging from 1 to 4, B is a linear or branched alkylene group, an oxyalkylene group or an oligooxyalkylene group optionally containing one or more heteroatoms or a covalent bond, and Y is an unsaturated ethylenic polymerizable group selected from: or

R

  CH 2 CCAO (V) in which: R is a hydrogen atom or a (C 1 -C 4) alkyl group, A is a group -O- or NR 1 where R 1 is a hydrogen atom or a group (C 1 -C 4) ) alkyl or RI is -BX where B and X are as defined above, and K is - (CH2) pOC (O) -, - (CH2) pC (O) O-, (CH2) pOC (O) O-, - (CH2) pNR2-, - (CH2) pNR2C (O) -, - (CH2) pC (O) NR2, - (CH2) pNR2C (O) O-, - (CH2) pOC (0) NR2-, - (CH2) pNR2C (O) NR2- (wherein R2 is the same or different) - (CH2) pO-, - (CH2) PSO3-, or optionally in combination with B, covalent bond and p is an integer of 1 to 12 and R2 is a hydrogen atom or a (C1-C4) alkyl group.

  Preferably, the groups R 5 of formula (I) are identical. It is also preferable that at least one of the R 5 groups is methyl, and even more preferred that the R 5 groups are all methyl.

  Preferably, e is an integer equal to 2 or 3, even more preferably equal to 2.

  The preferred monomers of formula (A) are accordingly of general formula (II) or (III).

R CH2 C

  Where R, A, B, K and X are as defined in formula (I).

  Preferably, in the compound of formula (II), R is a hydrogen atom, a methyl group, or ethyl, more preferably a methyl group, so that the compound of formula (II) is an acrylic acid, methacrylic or ethacrylic acid or their derivatives.

  In the compound of formula (III), K may be a covalent bond and B a group, K may be a group and B a covalent bond, K and B may be groups simultaneously, or K and B may be simultaneously covalent bonds . Preferably B is a group while K is a covalent bond.

  When K is a group, then preferably p is an integer of 1 to 6, more preferably 1, 2 or 3, and even more preferably p is 1. When K is - (CH 2) pNR 2 -, - (CH2) pNR2C (O) -, - (CH2) pC (O) NR2, - (CH2) pNR2C (O), - (CH2) pOC (O) NR2- or - (CH2) pNR2C (0) NR 2 - then R 2 is preferably a hydrogen atom, a methyl or ethyl group, even more preferably a hydrogen atom.

  In the compounds of formula (III), the vinyl group is preferably in the para position relative to the group -K-B-X.

  Preferably B is: an alkylene group of the formula - (C (R 3) 2) a -, in which the groups - (C (R 3) 2) - are identical or different, and in each - (C (R 3) 2 the groups R3 are identical or different and each R3 group is a hydrogen atom or a (C1-C4) alkyl group, preferably a hydrogen atom, and a is an integer ranging from 1 to 12, preferably from 1 to 6, an oxyalkylene group such as an alkoxyalkyl group having 1 to 6 carbon atoms in each alkyl unit, more preferably -CH 2 O (CH 2) 4- or an oligo-oxyalkylene group of the formula

-

  where the - (C (R4) 2) - groups are the same or different and in each - (C (R4) 2) - the R4 groups are the same or different and each R4 group is a hydrogen atom or a group ( C1-C4) alkyl, preferably a hydrogen atom, and b is an integer ranging from 1 to 6, preferably from 2 to 3 and c is an integer ranging from 2 to 11, preferably from 2 to 5; or a covalent bond.

  Preferred B groups may be an alkylene group, an oxyalkylene group and an oligo-oxyalkylene group of up to 12 carbon atoms. B may preferably be an alkylene group, an oxyalkylene group or an oligooxyalkylene group.

  In the compounds of formula (III), it is preferred that K and B contain up to 12 carbon atoms in total.

  Whether the monomer of formula (A) has the general formula (II) or (III), B is preferably a group of formula - (C (R 3) 2) - or - (C (R 3) 2) 2, for example - (CH2) - or - (CH2CH2) -.

  According to a preferred embodiment of the invention, the monomer of formula (A) YBX is a phosphorylcholine (meth) acrylate, and more particularly 2- (methacryloyloxyethyl) 2 '(trimethylammonium) ethyl phosphate, which will be named also by its abbreviation in the following description "MPC":

CH

  The synthesis of this monomer is known and in particular described in the article by K. Ishhara, Polym. J., 22, 335 (1990).

  Different polymerization routes are described below, which are not limiting.

  Copolymerization of the polyolefinic graft with a monomer of formula (A), in the presence or absence of at least one monomer of formula (C) The copolymerization of a monomer of formula (A) with a monomer of formula (C) is especially described in: - T. UEDA, Polymer J., Vol. 24, No. 11, pages 1259-69 (1992) in particular in the case where the monomer of formula (C) is a tert-butyl methacrylate, n-hexyl, ndodecyl, or n-stearyl. The solvents chosen are then ethanol or an ethanol / THF mixture.

  The documents US Pat. No. 6,225,431 and WO 93/01221 already cited illustrate other suitable solvent mixtures such as methanol / THF 5/9 and isopropanol / ethyl acetate 50/50 for copolymers of 2 (methacryloyloxyethyl) 2 '(trimethylammonium). ) ethyl phosphate / dodecyl methacrylate in respective ratios expressed by weight of monomer (A) / monomer (C) of 1/2 and 1/4. These same documents illustrate an isopropanol / ethyl acetate 35.5 / 14.5 mixture for a copolymer 2 (methacryloyloxyethyl) 2 '(trimethylammonium) ethyl phosphate / hexadecyl methacrylate in a ratio by weight of monomer (A) / monomer ( C) of 1/2 or a mixture of methanol / THF 30/70 for a copolymer 2 (methacryloyloxyethyl) 2 '(trimethylammonium) ethyl phosphate / methacrylate octadecyl in a ratio by weight of monomer (A) / monomer (C) of 1/2.

  The term "THF" refers to tetrahydrofuran.

  Such mixtures of methanol / THF and isopropanol / ethyl acetate solvents are suitable for the copolymerization that leads to the copolymers according to the present invention. For example, it is possible to use an isopropanol / ethyl acetate mixture in proportions ranging from 50/50 to 20/80.

  The solvent conditions, temperature, initiator nature and polymerization time are thus preferably used as described in US Pat. No. 6,225,431, column 28, lines 28 to 53. Thus, the solvent used can be, for example, acetonitrile or dimethylformamide. chloroform, dichloromethane, ethyl acetate, dimethyl sulfoxide, dioxane, benzene, toluene, tetrahydrofuran, or a mixture thereof.

  The polymerization can be carried out in the presence of at least one polymerization initiator, such as benzoyl peroxide, 2,2'azo-bis (2-methylpropionitrile) or benzoin methyl ether. Other polymerization initiators can be used such as those described in "Polymer handbook", 3rd edition, Ed. J. Brandrup and E. H. Immergut, pub. WileylnterScience New York, 1989.

  The copolymerization may be carried out for a period ranging from 1 to 72 hours, preferably from 8 to 48 hours or alternatively from 16 to 24 hours, and preferably under an inert atmosphere, for example nitrogen or argon. The polymer can be purified by dialysis, precipitation in a nonsolvent (eg diethyl ether or acetone) or ultrafiltration.

  The polymer resulting from the reaction can generally be dried under vacuum.

  2,2'-azobis (2-methyl-propionitrile) is preferred as a polymerization initiator.

  Olefinic type graft The polyolefinic type graft may be in the form of a macromonomer with a weight-average molecular mass of between 300 and 30,000, preferably between 500 and 20,000, more preferably between 1,000 and 10,000, mol, and has a polymerizable end with the monomer of formula (A). This graft preferably has the characteristic of not being crystallizable.

  By "non-crystallizable" in the sense of the present invention is meant that the homopolymer obtained from the monomer (A) does not have a reversible liquid / solid state change.

  The grafts of polyolefinic nature comprise polymeric units based on polyolefins, namely homopolyolefins or copolyolefins and comprise an end copolymerizable with the monomers of formula (A) and / or any other monomers forming the backbone. These polyolefins may advantageously comprise isomers of polybutenes. Among these isomers of polybutene, the following units are suitable: - (CH 2 -CH 2 -CH 2 -CH 2) -H 2 C CH 3 (CH 2 CH) CH 3 CH 3 (CH CH) CH 3 (CH 2 CH 2 CH) - and CH 3 (CH 2 C) isobutene CH 3 In other words, the polyolefin type grafts may advantageously comprise at least one unit chosen from the 5 units described above.

  Preferably, the graft of polyolefinic nature is polyisobutene which will also be named "PIB" in the following description.

  It is noted that the term "polyisobutylene" is equivalent to the term "polyisobutene".

  The grafts may then have a molecular weight of between 300 and 30,000, preferably between 500 and 10,000.

  The monomer or macromonomer of polyolefinic nature is preferably polyisobutene having an end of (meth) acrylic, vinylic, hydroxyl or styrenic nature capable of copolymerizing with the monomer of formula (A).

  According to a variant, this end is a (meth) acrylic ester

R

   Where R is a hydrogen atom or a methyl group.

  According to another variant, this end is an OH hydroxyl.

  Synthesis of the graft of polyolefinic nature The graft is preferably a polyisobutylene with an end copolymerizable with the monomer of formula (A) chosen from (meth) acrylate, vinyl and styryl.

  According to one embodiment, the end is a (meth) acrylate with formula (1): ## STR2 ## R 1 is a hydrogen atom or a methyl group n varies from 5 to 600, preferably from 9 to 360, more preferably from 18 to 180 and - B being as defined above.

  The synthesis of such macromonomers with a meth (acrylic) ester-reactive end is particularly described in the article by K. MAENZ, Ang. Makromol. Chem, 242, 183-197 (1996).

  Several ways of synthesis are described there. All are based on polyisobutene commercial oligomers, the "GLISSOPALe" from BASF. These oligomers GLISSOPAL have a single unsaturated end, but not active vis-à-vis a subsequent polymerization,

C O where:

  Wherein n varies from 5 to 600, preferably from 9 to 360, more preferably from 18 to 8, and more preferably from 9 to 360, more preferably from 18 to 8, and in the rest of the text, -PIB denotes the radical of the following formula: ## STR2 ## ## STR2 ## Among the routes described in this article, for converting these GLISSOPAL oligomers into PIB at a (meth) acrylate end, those described below are preferred. Alkylation of an end with a phenol followed by esterification with a (meth) acryloyl chloride The following diagram 1 summarizes in particular pages 187-188 of the article. (1) / CH2 BF3-OEt2 CH PIB CH2 C CH3 + OH C - PIB CH2 C nhexane 45 C 1 (2)

CH CH CH CH

  3 1 CF3SO3H 3 GDP CH; OHCH + CH, = C CI CH CI-PIB CH; Embedded image CH3 0 Scheme 1 BF3-OET2 refers to boron fluoride etherate. "CF 3 SO 3 H" refers to trifluoromethanesulfonic acid. "CH2Cl2" refers to dichloromethane.

CH

  The final purification of the macromonomer (vis-à-vis those which have not reacted at the (meth) acrylic ester end) can be done by elution on a column of silica phenol-end PIB before reaction with the acid chloride.

  Epoxidation of an end, opening and formation of an alcohol, then esterification with a (meth) acryloyl chloride The following diagram 2 summarizes in particular pages 189-190 of the aforementioned article. (1)

  / CH2 R-COOH PIB CH2 C> CH2 PIB CH3 CHC13,45 C paracetic acid epoxidation

(for example)

  where R represents an alkyl, cycloalkyl or benzyl radical where "CHC13" denotes trichloromethane.

  Then hydroxylation with lithium aluminum hydride AlLiH4 by reduction (2) O CH3 / AlLiH4 C CH2 THF, 65 PIB CH2 COH C CH3 CH3 then esterification with a (meth) acryloyl chloride (3) PIB CH2 CI H3 ## STR2 ## Scheme 2 "THF" refers to tetrahydrofuran.

  The synthesis of PIB macromonomers at the (meth) acrylic ester end according to one of the synthetic routes described in Schemes 1 and 2 above is also described in the article by K. MAENZ, Ang. Makromol. Chem, 258, 69-73 (1998).

  This second article also describes the corresponding copolymers of these (meth) acrylates of PIB with methyl methacrylate or of methyl acrylate in toluene with radical initiation by 2, 2'azoisobutyronitrile.

  Another synthetic route for these PIB (meth) acrylates is also described in DE 103 17 863.

  The following Scheme 3 details a third alternative synthetic route for obtaining (meth) acrylic ester endblocked PIB macromonomers.

  We always start from an unsaturated GLISSOPAL CH2 PIB C CH3 on which we add a molecule of maleic anhydride to give a compound

GDP

  having a succinic anhydride end (also described in E. WALCH, Polymer, Vol 35, No. 8, 1774-78 (1994)).

  If it is then reacted with 2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate, there is obtained C 2 H 3 CH 2 CH 2 O + HO (CH 2) 2 0 C C = CH 2 PIB C HC H 2 C O

O

O

  ## STR1 ## Example 3 of the cited patent describes this synthesis.

  If 2-hydroxyethyl acrylate is used instead of methacrylate, reference can be made to the description of the synthesis of the macromonomers in Examples 1, 2 and 3 of the same patent.

  Whatever the synthesis route, the macromonomers obtained are only soluble in solvents of medium to low polarity. Their copolymerization with a hydrophilic and highly polar monomer such as the monomer of formula (A) can only be done in appropriate solvent media as has been explained above. CH3

C C CH2

O

  According to another embodiment, the graft is a polyisobutylene with an OH end copolymerizable with the monomer of formula (A), of formula (2): CH 3 CH 3 CH 3 CH 3 C CH 2 (C-CH 2) n CH 2 CH 2 CH 3 CH 3 where: n is as defined above for formula (1).

  The synthesis of such hydroxyl-reactive macromonomers is described in particular in the article "Terminally Functionalized Polyisobutylene Oligomers as Soluble Supports in Catalysis", David E. Bergbreiter and Jun Li, Department of Chemistry, Texas A & M University, College Station, Texas. USA, Chem Common (Camb). 2004 Jan 7; (1): 42-3. Epub 2003 Nov 27 ..

  This synthesis starts from a commercial oligomer "GLISSOPAL" BASF as described above.

  According to this article, GLISSOPAL oligomers are oxidized according to the scheme below:

H (2)

/ CH2 1) BF3-OEt2 n-hexane

VS

  CH 3 2) NAOH, ethanol, H 2 O 2 PIB CH 2 CH 3 CH 2 OH PIB CH 2

H

GDP-OH

  The GDP-OH can also be obtained according to the first part of scheme 2 above.

  According to another embodiment, the graft is a polyisobutylene with a thiophene end copolymerizable with the monomer of formula (A) or a polymer obtained from monomer (A).

  The synthesis of such thiophenyl reactive end-point macromonomers is described in particular in the article macromolecules 2003, 36, 6985-6994. This synthesis is illustrated in Figure 4 below.

  ## STR3 ## ## STR2 ## In this scheme, the meaning is as above.

  Other synthetic routes for a polymer comprising polymeric units comprising a group of formula (I) and polyolefinic grafts.

  The groups of formula (I) are preferably introduced in the form of a monomer (A) as described above, in particular a phosphorylcholine (meth) acrylate (MPC).

  According to a first other synthetic route, the MPC may for example be reacted with a monomer capable of reacting with a macromonomer of polyolefinic nature as described above, such as a polyisobutene end (meth) acrylate, vinyl, stryrene , hydroxyl or thiophene. Hydroxylated polyisobutene (PIB-OH), the preparation of which is described above, is preferred in this embodiment.

  TiCI4 / -78 C Hexane / CH2Cl2 60/40 2,6-Di-tert-butylpyridine (DtBP) CH3 CH3 C (CH2 7C) n CH2 CH3 CH3 CH3 CH3 CH3 According to one variant, the preparation of the copolymer comprising polymer units comprising a group of formula (I) and polyolefinic grafts may be carried out by radical polymerization of MPC monomer with a pnitrophenyloxycarbonyl poly (ethylene glycol) methacrylate monomer (MENOP) described in the article Biomacromolecules 2004, 5, 342-347, the Content is incorporated herein by reference. Scheme 5 below illustrates this alternative synthesis route of a graft copolymer according to the invention. CH3

  CH 2 = C Ç = OOCH 2 CH 2 O P OCH 2 CH 2 N (CH 3) 3

O

MPC MENOP CH3 CH2 C

  C = 0 O 1 O (CH 2 CH 2 O p C NO 2 / CH 3 CH 2 1 C = O 5 O

I I

  OCH 2 CH 2 O P OCH 2 CH 2 N + (CH 3) 3 CH 3 CH 2 CH 2 CH 2 CH 2 O) C p = NO 2

MPC

MENOP

  Poly (MPC - MENOP) Poly (MPC - MENOP) + PIB - OH CH, CH CH 3 C CH 3 CH 3 Poly MPC-graft-Poly IB (PMPC-graft-PIB) Scheme 5 In this scheme, has the same meaning as before and n5 and m5 are non-zero integers; p5 may be between 1 and 10, preferably equal to 4 or 5. According to a second synthetic route, the graft copolymer is obtained by reacting an initiator macromonomer containing at least one group of formula (I) with olefinic monomers.

  For example, a random copolymer obtained by reaction of monomer (A), for example MPC, with a vinyl monomer comprising a halogen atom is prepared. Such a synthesis route is illustrated according to the diagram below and is based on the results described in particular by the Macromolecular Rapid Communications article, 2002, 23, 809-813, according to the following scheme: CH3 CHZ CC = 0 years O CH3 II O ms OCHZCHZO P OCHZCHZN (CH3) 3 O (CHZCHZO) ps CO CHz C CHz o 1 \

H o

CHz C 1 CH3 +

O

  OCH, CHZOPOCHZCHZN + (CH3) 3s + DPE + AIBN>

CH C = 0 O

  OCH, CHZO P OCHZCHZ N (CH 3) 3 O CH 2 C CH 2 CO 3.

O

  II + OOCH, CH 2 O P OCHZCHZN (CH 3) 3 O 3 / Ph (CH 2 -C CH 3;

II

OCHZCH2Op OCHZCHZN (CH3) 3

O

IH

CH

CH

CH

c / n Ph 6 o + Ph Ph i

CICH

  Diethylaluminum chloride (DEAC)

CH m6

  ## STR5 ## wherein CH 2 O 3 CH 2 CH 2 CH 2 CH 2 CH 2 CH 2 CH 2 CH 2 CH 2 CH 2 CH 2 CH 2 CH 2 CH 2 CH 2 CH 2 CH 2 CH 2 CH 2 CH 2 CH 2 CH 2 CH 2 CH 2 CH 2 CH 2 CH 2 CH 2 CH 2 CH 2 CH 2 CH 2 CH 2 CH 2 CH 2 CH 2 CH 2 CH 2 CH 2 CH 2 CH 2 CH 2 CH 2 CH 2 CH 2 CH 2 CH 2 CH 2 CH 2 CH 2 CH 2 CH 2 CH 2 CH 2 CH 2 CH 2 CH 2 ) 3

O IH3 \ CH,

C CHz C CH3 CH3

CHZ CH3 / n

  Scheme 6 The graft copolymer according to the present invention may have a backbone comprising at least one block of polyolefinic nature and grafts comprising at least one group of formula (I) as defined above, and preferably phosphorylcholine. The skeleton of polyolefinic nature may comprise identical or different blocks.

  A1BN is 2,2'-azo-isobutyronitrile DPE is 1,1-diphenylethylene n6 and m6 are non-zero integers and n is as previously defined.

  Thus, according to one of its aspects, the present invention more particularly relates to a copolymer whose backbone contains olefinic units, and which is grafted with a chain containing group of formula (I).

  According to this embodiment, it is possible, for example, to react an olefin monomer with at least one vinyl monomer comprising a halogen atom in order to obtain a macro-initiator which will then be reacted with monomers of formula (A) as defined above. . A commercial product corresponding to this maco-initiator is marketed under the reference Exxpro 3035.

  This embodiment can be illustrated by the synthesis described according to the following scheme. This synthesis route is carried out by ATRP polymerization (Atom Transfer Radical Polymerization) whose principle is described in the article Macromolecule Chem. Phys., 2001, 202 (17), 3392-3402, which can be summarized according to the following scheme 7: CH3

CH 3 C CH 3 CH 3 / CH 2 Br

MPC

  Poly (isobutene-co- (p-methyl-styrene) -co- (p-bromomethylstyrene) (commercial product EXXPRO 3035) Scheme 7 CH3 co

O

  OCH, CHZOPOCHZCH, N + (CH3) 3 O MPC "refers to 2- (methacryloyloxyethyl) -2 '(trimethylammonium) ethyl phosphate, which will also be named by its abbreviation in the following description.

  In this scheme, n is an integer as previously described and m7, p7 and 17 are non-zero integers.

COPOLYMER SEOUENCE

  A block copolymer according to the present invention may have one or more blocks comprising at least one polymeric unit or a group of polymeric units containing a group of formula (I), preferably comprising a phosphorylcholine group and / or at its end a monomer containing a group of formula (I), at least one block comprising at least one polymeric unit derived from a macromonomer of polyolefinic nature and finally optionally at least one block resulting from the polymerization or copolymerization of monomers (C), the monomer of formula (C) being as defined above in the context of the graft copolymer.

  Thus, the polymer comprises at least one block consisting of polyolefin units, namely homopolyolefins or copolyolefins. These polyolefins may advantageously comprise polybutene, and preferably polyisobutene in the image of the polyolefinic type grafts described above.

  The monomer comprising at least one polymer unit or a group containing a group of formula (I) can advantageously be a monomer of formula (A) as defined above in the context of the description of graft copolymers, and therefore typically such a monomer. can be MPC.

  These block polymers, or "radial", or star may be diblock, triblock, or multiblock or star copolymers comprising at least one unit-based block (A) and at least one block based on polyolefin units ( B).

  These block polymers can be obtained in different ways.

  For example, mention is made of the cationic polymerization of isobutylene followed by transformation of one end of the PIB chain into the CH OCC Br O CH 3 group and then of a controlled radical polymerization (ATRP) of the other sequence which comprises, in the monomer mixture , a monomer comprising a group of formula (I) such as a phosphorylcholine (meth) acrylate. This synthetic route is described in particular in Z. Fang, Polymer Preprints, 2002, 43 (2) 36-37. In this specific case, a diblock copolymer of structure "A-B" is obtained.

  Still following the same type of procedure consisting of cationic homopolymerization of isobutylene followed by living radical polymerization, triblock copolymers of structure "A-B-A" can be constructed as described in COCA, S, J. Polym. Sci. Part A = Polym. Chem., 35, (16) 3595-3601 (1997) Thus, an α, dis-functional polyisobutylene is converted into α, chlorinated ends which can each initiate the ATRP polymerization of a monomer mixture containing a monomer (A) comprising a group of formula (I) and optionally a monomer of formula (C).

  Triblock copolymers of structure "A-B-A" can be prepared by the method described in the article by M.K. MISHRA, Macromol. Symp. 107, 24353 (1996) in which: a polyisobutylene macroinitiator containing a central azo group is produced which can subsequently trigger a radical polymerization, this polyisobutylene macroamorator is then used to trigger the polymerization of a monomer mixture containing a monomer (A) comprising a group of formula (I) and optionally a monomer of formula (C), the azo central group-containing polyisobutylene macroinitiator is produced by polymerization of isobutylene initiated by a pair: tertiary diether with an azocentral group in the presence of a catalyst Lewis acid, according to scheme 8 which follows: ## STR1 ## CH3 CH3 Macro-initiator P1B By action of the temperature and in the presence of a mixture of monomers comprising a group of formula (I) and of monomers (C).

  H3 CH3 CH3 CH3 CH3 Cl PIB C CH2 CN = NC CH2 C PIB C1 CH3 CH3 CH3 CH3 TC H3 CH3 2 Cl PIB C CH2 C * + N2 CH3 CH3 Scheme 8 The radical obtained makes it possible to initiate the polymerization starting from the monomer comprising a group of formula (I) and a monomer of formula (C).

  Diblocks of structure "polyA-polyB" or, depending on the mode of determination of the polymerization of the monomer (A), polyB-polyA-polyB triblocks will be obtained. Another route for obtaining a diblock copolymer of the PIB-polyMPC type is described in the article Macromolecules, 2003, 36, 6985-6994.

  This route can be summarized by scheme 9 below: Lewis acid CH 3 CH 3 CH 3 C (CH 2 C n CH 3 CH 3 CH 3 2 -polyisobutylenyl thiopene (PIB-T) + OCH 2 CH 2 OCH 2 CH 2 N (CH 3) 3 O 2 -polyisobutylenyl- thiophenyl-poly MPC Scheme 9 has the same meaning as above.

  According to this summary, the GDP-T can be prepared, still according to the teaching of this article, according to the scheme 10 above.

  Triblock copolymers of structure "A-B-A" can also be prepared by the method described in Macromolecules 2003, 36, 6985-6994, by preparing a PIB block bearing a thiophene at each of its ends. This route can be broadly outlined as in the following scheme: ## STR2 ## CH 3 CH 3 CH 3 CH 3 CH 3 CH 3 CH 3 CH 3 CH 3 CH 3 CH 3 CH 3 CH 3 CH 3 CH 3 C) n CH 3 C 3 (CH 2 C) n

I S

CH3 C O O CH3 CH3

II CH3

  CH2 C = CH2 Isobutene (IB) (BASF) TiCl4 / -78 C Hexane / CH2Cl2 60/40 2,6-Ditert-butylpyridine (DtBP) + Ref. J. Macromole. Sci. Chem. 1983, A18, 13671382. Macromol. Rapid Comun. 1997, 18, 417-425. (1997)

CH CH 3 I I 3

  ## STR2 ## ## STR2 ## ## STR2 ## ## STR2 ## ## STR2 ## ## STR2 ##

CHZ) n n

  α, β-Dithiophene-Ended PIB CH 3 CH 3 CH 3 CH 2 CH 2 CH 3 CH 3 CH 2 OCH 2 CH 2 OCH 2 CH 3 CH 3 CH 3 CH 3

_ C, n

CH3 C0 CH3 P OCHZCHZN (CH3) 3

O

STATISTICAL OR RANDOM COPOLYMER

  A random or random copolymer according to the present invention randomly has in its backbone olefinic polymer units and polymer units containing a group of formula (I). To prepare this copolymer, a monomer containing a group of formula (I) can be used. , advantageously a monomer of formula (A) as defined above in the context of the description of the graft copolymers, and therefore typically such a monomer may be MPC.

PMPC PMPC-to-GDP

  Scheme 10 n has the same meaning as before and ml0 is a non-zero integer.

  The monomer containing a group of formula (I) may be reacted with an olefin, preferably an olefin of at least four carbon atoms, more preferably butene and all its isomers as described above.

  According to the teachings of JP-2002-363223, olefin (typically isobutene) and MPC are reacted in THF in the presence of a Lewis acid and 2,2'- azobis-2,4-dimethyl valeronitrile.

COPOLYMER OR POLYMER COIFFE

  A capped copolymer or polymer may be in the form of a copolymer comprising, linearly chained, blocks of the same or different polyolefinic nature and having at one or both ends thereof or bonded to the main polymer chain at least one group of formula (I) as defined above, or in the form of a polymer of polyolefinic nature comprising at least one group of formula (I) as defined above at one or both ends, or else linked to the main polymer chain.

  Synthesis of a PIB Bearing a Phosphorylcholine End Reaction Scheme 11 is the following: a) Maleinization of the unsaturated end of a PIB / O chain

CH

150 - 250 C CH \ / C \\

O

Maleic anhydride PIB chain

CH CH I CH2

  CH 3 CH 2 CH 3 CH 3 CH 3 CH 3 CH 3 CH 3 CH 3 CH 3 CH 3 CH 3 CH 3 CH 3 CH 3 CH 3 CH 3

O

CH2 C \\ O o

CH C

  Polyisobutylene mono-succinic anhydride b) Esterification of the anhydride end by glycerophosphorylcholine

CH O

  ## STR1 ##

O

  (-) O + CH 3 CH 2 CH 2 CH 2 OPO (CH 2) 2 CH 3 OH O CH 3 glycerophosphoryl choline CH 3 CH 3 (CH 3 CH 3 CH 2 CH 2 CH 2 CH 2 OCO 3 CH 3 CH 3 C 1 CH 2 C 3 C 1 1 n \\ O Hz

COOH

GDP-PC

  Scheme 11 has the same meaning as before.

  Glycerophosphorylcholine is especially described in Japanese Patent JP 2003-040942.

  Concerning the reaction of maleinisation of GDP step a), it is described in the commercial GDP record "GLISSOPAL". According to another alternative, by pushing the reaction, two molecules of maleic anhydride can be added to the unsaturated end of the following PIB, according to the following scheme 12:

O

CH3 CH3 CH2

OH

  ## STR5 ##

CH C o

  Polyisobutylene monoanhydride succinic CH 3 CH 3 C CH 3 Scheme 12 has the same significance as before.

  PIBBSA: Polyisobutylene bis succinic anhydride On this bis "adduct" can then react two moles of glycerophosphorylcholine which will esterify on each anhydride group. A GDP with two phosphorylcholine groups at one end is then obtained: PIB- (PC) 2, namely a PIB with two PC groups at one end.

COSMETIC COMPOSITION

  A cosmetic composition according to the present invention may contain one or more copolymer (s) according to the present invention in a content ranging from 1 to 80% by weight, preferably 3 to 30% by weight and more preferably from 5 to 25% by weight. by weight relative to the total weight of the composition.

  Physiologically acceptable medium "Physiologically acceptable medium" means a non-toxic medium that can be applied to the skin, lips or keratin materials of human beings. The physiologically acceptable medium is generally adapted to the nature of the CH 2 CH 2 CH 2 CH 2 CH 2 CH 2

O O

O

  The support on which the composition is to be applied, as well as to the appearance under which the composition is intended to be packaged.

  The physiologically acceptable medium may comprise an aqueous phase and / or a fatty phase.

  According to a particular embodiment, the aqueous phase or the fatty phase can form the continuous phase of the composition.

  In particular, the composition may have, for example, a continuous fat phase, which may contain less than 10% by weight of water, in particular less than 5% by weight of water, or even less than 1% by weight of water per relative to the total weight of the composition.

  Fatty phase The cosmetic compositions in accordance with the present invention may comprise a fatty phase comprising, in particular, oils, in particular waxes, solid fatty substances at ambient temperature (20 ° C.) and atmospheric pressure.

  The term "oil" means any fatty substance in liquid form at ambient temperature (20 ° C. to 25 ° C.) and at atmospheric pressure. The liquid fatty phase may also contain, in addition to oils, other compounds solubilized in oils such as gelling and / or structuring agents.

  When the polymer or copolymer according to the present invention is in the form of an oil, the cosmetic composition according to the present invention may comprise this single oil as a fatty phase, or comprise one or more additional oils in which the polymer or The copolymer according to the invention can be dissolved or dispersed.

  The oil or oils distinct from the copolymer according to the present invention may be present in a proportion of from 0.1 to 99% by weight, in particular from at least 1 to 90% by weight, more particularly from 5 to 70% by weight, in particular from 10 to 60% by weight, or even from 20 to 50% by weight, relative to the total weight of the cosmetic composition according to the invention.

  The additional and / or distinct oils of the copolymer according to the present invention which are suitable for the preparation of the cosmetic compositions according to the invention may be volatile or non-volatile oils, silicone or not.

  For the purposes of the present invention, the term "volatile oil" means an oil (or non-aqueous medium) capable of evaporating on contact with the skin in less than one hour, at ambient temperature and at atmospheric pressure. The volatile oil is a volatile cosmetic oil which is liquid at ambient temperature, in particular having a non-zero vapor pressure, at ambient temperature and atmospheric pressure, in particular having a vapor pressure ranging from 0.13 Pa to 40 000 Pa (10- 3 to 300 mm Hg), and preferably ranging from 1.3 Pa to 13 000 Pa (0.01 to 100 mm Hg), and preferably ranging from 1.3 Pa to 1300 Pa (0.01 to 10 mm Hg) .

  For the purposes of the present invention, the term "non-volatile oil" means an oil having a vapor pressure of less than 0.13 Pa. The volatile or non-volatile oils may be hydrocarbon-based oils, in particular of animal or vegetable origin, synthetic oils, silicone oils, fluorinated oils, or mixtures thereof.

  For the purposes of the present invention, the term "silicone oil" means an oil comprising at least one silicon atom, and in particular at least one Si-O group.

  The term "hydrocarbon-based oil" means an oil containing mainly hydrogen and carbon atoms and optionally oxygen, nitrogen, sulfur and / or phosphorus atoms.

  The volatile hydrocarbon oils may be chosen from hydrocarbon-based oils containing from 8 to 16 carbon atoms, and especially branched C8-C16 alkanes (also known as isoparaffins), such as isododecane (also called 2,2,4,4,6 - pentamethylheptane), isodecane, isohexadecane, and for example the oils sold under the trade names ISOPARS or PERMETHYLS.

  As volatile oils, it is also possible to use volatile silicones, for example volatile linear or cyclic silicone oils, in particular those having an 8 centistokes viscosity (8 × 10 6 m 2 / s), and especially having from 2 to 10 carbon atoms. silicon, and in particular from 2 to 7 silicon atoms, these silicones optionally comprising alkyl or alkoxy groups having from 1 to 10 carbon atoms. As volatile silicone oil that may be used in the invention, mention may be made in particular of dimethicones of viscosity 5 and 6 cSt, octamethyl cyclotetrasiloxane, decamethylcyclopentasiloxane, dodecamethylcyclohexasiloxane, heptamethylhexyltrisiloxane, heptamethyloctyltrisiloxane and hexamethyl. disiloxane, octamethyl trisiloxane, decamethyl tetrasiloxane, dodecamethyl pentasiloxane, and mixtures thereof.

  Fluorinated volatile oils such as nonafluoromethoxybutane or perfluoromethylcyclopentane and mixtures thereof can also be used.

  The fatty phase of the cosmetic compositions according to the present invention may also comprise at least one volatile oil.

  The fatty phase of the cosmetic compositions according to the present invention may also comprise at least one non-volatile oil.

  The non-volatile oils may in particular be chosen from fluorinated hydrocarbon oils which may be fluorinated and / or non-volatile silicone oils. Non-volatile hydrocarbon oils that may especially be mentioned include: hydrocarbon-based oils of animal origin, hydrocarbon-based oils of vegetable origin, such as phytostearyl esters, such as phytostearyl oleate, physostearyl isostearate and glutanate of lauroyl / octyldodecyl / phytostearyl (AJINOMOTO, ELDEW PS203), triglycerides consisting of esters of fatty acids and glycerol, the fatty acids of which can have various chain lengths of C4 to C24, the latter being linear or branched, saturated or unsaturated; these oils are in particular heptanoic or octanoic triglycerides, wheat germ, sunflower, grape seed, sesame, corn, apricot, castor oil, shea, avocado, olive, soya, sweet almond, palm, rapeseed, cotton, hazelnut, macadamia, jojoba, alfalfa, poppy, pumpkin, squash, blackcurrant, evening primrose, millet, barley quinoa, rye, safflower, bancoulier, passionflower, muscat rose; shea butter; or alternatively caprylic / capric acid triglycerides, such as those sold by the company Stearineries Dubois or those sold under the names MIGLYOL 810, 812 and 818 by the company DYNAMIT NOBEL, synthetic ethers having from 10 to 40 carbon atoms; linear or branched hydrocarbons of mineral or synthetic origin, such as petroleum jelly, polydecenes, hydrogenated polyisobutene such as parleam, squalane and their mixtures, and in particular hydrogenated polyisobutene; synthetic esters such as oils; of formula RI COOR2 in which RI represents the remainder of a linear or branched fatty acid containing from 1 to 40 carbon atoms and R 2 represents a particularly branched hydrocarbon chain containing from 1 to 40 carbon atoms, provided that RI + R2 is> _ 10.

  The esters may especially be chosen from esters, in particular of fatty acids, for example: cetostearyl octanoate, esters of isopropyl alcohol, such as isopropyl myristate, isopropyl palmitate or palmitate 2-ethylhexyl palmitate, isopropyl stearate or isostearate, isostearyl isostearate, octyl stearate, hydroxylated esters such as isostearyl lactact, octyl hydroxystearate , diisopropyl adipate, heptanoates, and especially isostearyl heptanoate, octanoates, decanoates or ricinoleates of alcohols or polyalcohols such as propylene glycol dioctanoate, cetyl octanoate, tridecyl octanoate, 4-diheptanoate and 2-hexyl ethyl palmitate, alkyl benzoate, polyethylene glycol diheptanoate, propylene glycol hexanoyl diethyl 2 and mixtures thereof, Cu to C 15 alcohol benzoates, laurate of hexyl, esters of neopentan acid such as isodecyl neopentanoate, isotridecyl neopentanoate, isostearyl neopentanoate, octyldocecyl neopentanoate, esters of isononanoic acid such as isononyl isononanoate, isotridecyl isononanoate, octyl isononanoate, hydroxylated esters such as isostearyl lactate, diisostearyl malate; esters of polyols and esters of pentaerythritol, such as dipentaerythritol tetrahydroxystearate / tetraisostearate; esters of diol dimers and diacid dimers, such as Lusplan DD-DA5 and Lusplan DD-DA7, sold by the company Nippon Fine Chemical and described in the application FR0302809 filed March 6, 2003, the contents of which are incorporated in this application by reference.

  branched-chain and / or unsaturated carbon-chain liquid fatty alcohols having from 12 to 26 carbon atoms, such as 2octyldodecanol, isostearyl alcohol, oleic alcohol, 2-oxyldecanol, 2-butyloctanol and 2- undecylpentadecanol, - higher fatty acids such as oleic acid, linoleic acid, linolenic acid and mixtures thereof, and - di-alkyl carbonates, the 2 alkyl chains being identical or different, such as dicaprylyl carbonate sold under the name CETIOL CC, by COGNIS.

  The non-volatile silicone oils that may be used in the composition according to the invention may be non-volatile polydimethylsiloxanes (PDMS), polydimethylsiloxanes comprising pendant alkyl or alkoxy groups and / or silicone chain ends, groups each having from 2 to 24 atoms. carbon, phenyl silicones such as phenyl trimethicones, phenyl dimethicones, phenyl trimethylsiloxy diphenylsiloxanes, diphenyl dimethicones, diphenyl methyldiphenyl trisiloxanes, and 2-phenylethyl trimethylsiloxysilicates, dimethicones or phenyltrimethicone with a viscosity less than or equal to 100 cSt, and their mixtures.

  According to one particular embodiment, the cosmetic compositions in accordance with the invention may also comprise at least one silicone oil chosen from volatile silicone oils, non-volatile silicone oils, and mixtures thereof.

  The non-volatile oils may be present in the compositions according to the invention in a content ranging from 20 to 99% by weight, especially from 30% to 80% by weight, and in particular from 40% to 80% by weight, relative to to the total weight of the composition.

  Aqueous Phase According to certain aspects of the present invention, the composition according to the invention may comprise at least one aqueous medium, constituting an aqueous phase, which can form the continuous phase of the composition.

  The aqueous phase can consist essentially of water.

  It may also comprise a mixture of water and of a water-miscible organic solvent (miscibility in water greater than 50% by weight at 25 ° C.), such as lower monoalcohols containing from 1 to 5 carbon atoms, such as ethanol, isopropanol, glycols having 2 to 8 carbon atoms such as propylene glycol, ethylene glycol, 1,3-butylene glycol, dipropylene glycol, C3-C4 ketones, and aldehydes in C2-C4.

  The aqueous phase (water and optionally the organic solvent miscible with water) may be present in a content ranging from 0.1 to 40% by weight, especially ranging from 0.1 to 20% by weight, and in particular 0, 1 to 10% by weight, relative to the total weight of the composition.

  Additives The cosmetic compositions according to the invention may also comprise any additive usually used in the field concerned, chosen from gelling agents, antioxidants, essential oils, preservatives, perfumes, neutralizers, moisturizing agents, antiseptic agents, vitamins such as vitamins B3 or E and their derivatives, and UV protective agents.

  Of course, those skilled in the art will take care to choose the optional additive (s) added to the cosmetic composition according to the invention, so that the advantageous properties intrinsically attached to the composition according to the the invention is not, or substantially not, impaired by the intended addition.

  Formulation The composition according to the invention can be used for the makeup and / or care of keratin materials of a human being such as the skin (of the face, body, scalp, lips), the mucous membranes (inner edge of the eyes). eyelids), hair, nails, eyelashes and eyebrows.

  The cosmetic composition according to the invention may be in the form of a make-up and / or care product for keratin materials and in particular the skin, in particular in the form of a foundation, and the lips, in particular a red one. lipstick, or lip balm.

  The composition therefore has a particular application as a care composition for the body or the face; makeup composition for the body or the face such as foundation, lipstick, lip care, nail polish, nail care, mascara, eyeliner; perfume composition; sun protection composition; deodorant composition and hair composition.

  The present invention also relates to a cosmetic process for the makeup and / or non-therapeutic care of keratin materials comprising, at least the step of applying to these keratin materials at least one cosmetic composition as defined above.

  The following examples are given for illustrative and non-limiting purposes of the invention.

  EXAMPLE 1 Synthesis of a Copolymer of MPC, Isostearyl Acrylate and Methacrylate PIB - The Macromonomer Polyisobutylene Methacrylate is synthesized from the unsaturated PIB, GLISSOPAL 93039, with a molecular weight of 2040 sold by BASF. The synthesis of the corresponding PIB methacrylate is made by epoxidation, reduction at the OH end and then esterification with methacryloyl chloride according to the article by K. MAENZ, Angew. Makramol. Chem 242, 183-97 (1997).

  A functionalized macromonomer methacrylate with a molecular mass of 2050 is obtained.

  The polymerization is then carried out under the following conditions: Reagents - 2- (methacryloyloxyethyl) -2 '- (trimethylammonium) ethylphosphate = MPC = 10 g, PIB methacrylate (according to above) = 50 g, and isostearyl acrylate (sold by PROCHEMA) = 40 g.

  In a 2-liter flask with central stirrer, refrigerant, tube for nitrogen bubbling, the 100 g of monomers indicated then successively 435 ml of isopropanol and 435 ml of ethyl acetate. It is stirred at room temperature, 250 rpm, under a stream of nitrogen until complete dissolution. 0.25 g of 2,2'-azobis (2-methylpropionitrile) are then added and the temperature is gradually raised to 65 ° C. while maintaining stirring and sparging with nitrogen. Allowed to react at 65 C under these conditions for 40 hours.

  Then return to room temperature. The cooled mixture is filtered under vacuum. The filtrate obtained is concentrated in a rotary evaporator, under partial vacuum, to remove the isopropanol / ethyl acetate solvent mixture.

  The residue is taken up in 300 ml of dichloromethane for dissolution and then purified by precipitation in 5 liters of acetone.

  Vacuum dried to constant weight.

  The copolymer is obtained at a yield of 70% (70 g).

  Example 2 Preparation of an MPC Copolymer Grafted with PIBs Two monomers MPC and pnitrophenyloxycarbonyl poly (ethylene glycol) methacrylate (MENOP) are firstly reacted by radical polymerization in a conventional manner with azobisisobutyronitrile (AIBN) as initiator. and then grafting the PIBs onto the pendant chain of the MENOP motifs of the MPC / MENOP copolymer obtained using a hydroxylated PIB.

  Synthesis of the MENOP: The synthesis of the MENOP is described in the article Biomacromolecules 2004, 5, 342-347, the contents of which are incorporated in the present application by reference.

  In a 300 ml 4-neck flask equipped with a thermometer and a magnetic stirrer were placed Blenmer PE-200 (22.2 g) and triethylamine (TEA) (7.9 g), and then 50 ml of chloroform was added to the mixture. Then the solution was cooled to 30 ° C., pnitrophenylchloroformate (15.7 g) dissolved in 40 ml of chloroform was added dropwise to the stirred solution for one hour. The temperature of the mixture was maintained at -30 C for two hours. The precipitate formed in the mixture was triethylamine hydrochloride (TEAC), which was then filtered. The filtered solvent was evaporated under reduced pressure. To the residue, a small amount of diethyl ether was added to remove the dissolved TEAC, followed by filtration. Evaporation of the filtered pressure gave MEONP as a yellow oily liquid.

  IR (cm-1): 3081 (p-Ar), 2870 (CH3-, -CH2-), 1770 (Ar-CO-OR), 1720 (CdO), 1637 (CdC), 1348 (Ar-NO2), 860 (Ar-NO2) Synthesis of a PIB Functionalized by an OH Group The oligomer is synthesized according to the teaching of the document "Terminally Functionalized Polyisobutylene Oligomers as Soluble Supports in Catalysis", David E. Bergbreiter * and Jun Li, Department of Chemistry, Texas A & M University, College Station, Texas, USA, Chem Common (Camb). 2004 Jan 7; (1): 42-3. Epub 2003 Nov 27.

  g (50 mmol) of a polyisobutene oligomer bearing a vinyl group at the end of the chain (M ,,, = 1000 or 2300 degree of polymerization of about 18-41) which can be obtained from BASF under reference Glissopal 1000 or Glissopal 2300 is dissolved in mL hexane and then reacted with 17 mmol BH3-SMe.

  After a reaction time of 24 hours, the mixture is cooled in an ice bath, then 40 ml of ethanol and 12 ml of 4 N NaOH are added.

  8 ml of 30% H 2 O 2 are then added dropwise, and then the oxidation reaction is allowed to proceed for 2 hours. At the end of this time, 300 ml of water are added. The solution was extracted with hexane (5 x 100 mL), then washed with water (3 x 50 mL) and brine (1 x 50 mL). The organic phase is dried over MgSO 4 and then filtered. The organic solvents are extracted under reduced pressure.

  52 g of PIB-OH are obtained after drying under vacuum for 24 hours.

  1H NMR (300 MHz, CDCl3, δ): 0.75-1.46 (m, 180H), 3.26-3.32 (dd, J = 7.5 Hz, 1H), 3.44- 3.49 (dd, J = 5.4 Hz, 1H).

  Reaction of PIB-OH with the copolymer MPC / p-nitrophenyloxycarbonyl poly (ethylene glycol) methacrylate (MENOP) The PIB-OH and the copolymer MPC / MENOP are dissolved in THF. The mixture is stirred at 4 C. After conjugation, the solvent is removed under vacuum. The final product is precipitated in methanol.

  Example 3: Preparation of a PIB chain-grafted MPC copolymer According to the teaching of the article "Macromolecular Rapid Communications 2002, 23, 809-813", a copolymer obtained from MPC and chloromethylstyrene (CMS) is prepared. ), which is then used as an initiator to polymerize an olefin.

  Synthesis of PMPC-block-PCMS poly (or PMPC-ran-PCMS) (PMPC-macro initiator) The MPC was degassed by three freeze-thaw cycles. Then AIBN and DPE were added to the monomer and the mixture was stirred at 80 ° C for two hours. The resulting polymer was precipitated in hexane, re-precipitated from CHCl 3 in hexane and dried under vacuum. PMPC and CMS were dissolved in toluene. The polymerization was initiated by heating the mixture to 85 ° C. After three hours, the solution was brought to room temperature. The polymer was precipitated in cyclohexane, re-precipitated twice from CHCl 3 in cyclohexane and dried by lyophilization.

  Synthesis of PMPC-block-PCMS-graft-PIB (PMPC-macro initiator) [Poly (methylmethacrylate) -block-poly (4-chloromethylstyrene)] graft-polyisobutylene (PMMA-block-PCMS) -greffon-PIB).

  The graft copolymerizations were studied in a "MBraun Glovebox" protection booth under an argon atmosphere at 80 C. Humidity and oxygen were continuously regulated and kept under 1 ppm. A typical sample was prepared according to the following procedure: PMPCbloc-PCMS in CH 2 Cl 2 was removed from a stock solution and added to a mixture of hexane and pre-cooled CH 2 Cl 2 (80 ° C).

  A defined amount of IB was added and the graft copolymerization was initiated by the addition of DEAC solution pre-cooled in hexane. The reaction was stopped after one hour by the addition of pre-cooled methanol.

  Example 4 Preparation of an MPC Copolymer Grafted with PIB Chains This copolymer could be prepared according to the teaching of the article Macromolecule Chem. Phys., 2001, 202 (17), 3392-3402.

  Poly (isobutene-co- (p-methyl-styrene) -co- (pbromomethylstyrene) (commercial product EXXPRO 3035) is dissolved in chlorobenzene or THF.

  A measured amount of catalyst and dNbpya was placed in a Schlenk flask followed by vacuum degassing and filling three times with N2. In the Schlenk flask, MPC was added after degassing by bubbling of N2 for thirty minutes. The catalyst and the monomer solution were transferred to the PIB / chlorobenzene (or THF) solution at room temperature under N 2. The polymerization reactor was immersed in an oil bath which had been pre-set to a specific reaction temperature (90 ° C). The kinetic samples were removed from the vial with a syringe at regular intervals. The samples were diluted with tetrahydrofuran (THF) followed by passage through a neutral Al2O3 loaded column for assays such as gas chromatography (GC) and release-exclusion chromatography (GPC). After a period of polymerization, the polymerization system was removed from the oil bath and brought to room temperature. The solution was diluted with THF followed by passage through a column loaded with neutral Al 2 O 3 and precipitation in methanol. The resulting polymer was dried under vacuum at 60 C.

  Example 5 Preparation of a PIB / pMPC Diblock Copolymer This copolymer is synthesized according to the teaching of the article Macromolecules 2003, 36, 6985-6994, by reacting the 2 (methacryloyloxyethyl) -2 'monomer. - (trimethylammonium) ethyl-phosphate = MPC with 2-polyisobutenyl-thiophene.

  Preparation of 2-polyisobutenyl-thiophene (PIB-T) The synthesis of PIB-T was carried out under a nitrogen dry atmosphere in a protective cabin. Live polymerizations of IB with TMPC1 as an initiator were carried out according to the following procedure: in a one liter three-necked flask equipped with a septum, a magnetic stirrer, and a tube for Nitrogen bubbling was added 240 mL of CH3Cl, 404 mL of n-hexane, and 0.355 mL (0.302 g, 1.58 mmol) of DtBP and then the mixture was cooled to -78C. 57 g, 0.188 mol) of IB were injected into the reactor using a syringe. After stirring for 10 minutes, 0.6 mL (0.525 g, 3.53 mmol) of TMPC1 was transferred to the reactor via a transfer needle. After five minutes of stirring, 1.5 mL (2.68 g, 0.014 mol) of TiCl4 was transferred to the reactor via a transfer needle. One hour later, 28.3 mL (29.7 g, 0.35 mol) of T ((thiophene) was added to the polymerization system, the color of the solution changed from slightly yellow to red. The reaction was terminated by the addition of 30 mL (23.55 g, 0.75 mol) of pre-cooled methanol. n-hexane and the mixture was filtered to remove the inorganic precipitates Then the hexane phase was isolated and washed once with NH3 (aq) and then with water until neutral pH. was separated and dried over MgSO4 for about two hours, then the solution was filtered, and the solvent was removed in a rotary evaporator, then the polymer was dissolved in a small amount of n-hexane and precipitated two times. or three times in acetone to remove excess thiophene.

  Reaction of 2-polyisobutenyl-thiophene with MPC The copolymerization is carried out in a stirred one-liter glass reactor equipped with thermostatically controlled cooling, steel capillary connections for introducing gases and solvents, and measuring devices. temperature and pressure.

  The solvents were directly introduced from the distillation apparatus into the reactor. The monomer was introduced glass ampoules using a spherical junction or with a dry syringe. The solutions of n-BuLi and the initiator macro (PIB-T) are handled with a syringe. In a typical procedure, 5 mL (8 mmol) of a solution of n-BuLi is added to 400 mL of purified THF and warmed to room temperature overnight.

  The next day, the initiator macro, the monomer, and the n-BuLi were introduced and cooled to -40 ° C. 1.21 g (0.355 mmol) of PIB-T (Mn) 3.40 g / mol 103 lyophilized from a benzene solution for eight hours and then dried for more than ten hours. In the vacuum line, the dried PIB-T was dissolved in THF and then the mixture was added to the still stirred glass reactor and cooled to 40 ° C. 0.23 mL (0.368 mmol) of a solution of n-BuLi were added subsequently using a dried syringe. The reaction was brought to -40 ° C. for one hour and then 5.34 g (0.037 mol) of MPC was added in volume to the macro initiator solution. After two and a half hours, the polymerization was terminated with methanol. Finally, the polymer was precipitated in 2-propanol and dried under vacuum at room temperature.

  In a second experiment, a 4-fold excess of n-BuLi was used and the unreacted BuLi was destroyed by heating at + 40 ° C for one hour.

  Example 6: tri-block copolymer pMPC / PIB / pMPC The preparation of this triblock copolymer is carried out according to the teaching of the article Macromolecules 2003, 36, 6985-6994.

  The polymerizations were initiated by the di-functional initiator tert-butyl-1,3-bis (1-chloro-1-methylethyl) benzene (tBuDiCumCl). After carrying out the polymerization of IB, equivalent volumes of the polymer solution in the reactor were deposited in culture tubes. For each culture tube, an additional amount of TiCl4 or DtBP was deposited to vary the ratio of [TiC14] to [tBuDiCumCl] or [DtBP] to [tBuDiCumCl] in the polymer solution. The functionalisation of the PIB was carried out by two different methods: addition of a solution of T / CH3Cl in the polymer solution (T to the polymer) and addition of the polymer solution in a solution of T / CH3Cl (polymer towards T ). A total of two hundred equivalents of T was used for the functionalization of GDP. After one hour, the reaction of the mixture was terminated with methanol pre-cooled and dispersed in methanol. The polymer was purified by precipitation of the polymer solution in methanol, followed by drying under vacuum.

  Example 7 Isobutene / MPC Statistical Copolymer This copolymer is obtained according to the teaching of JP 2002-363223.

  Under an argon atmosphere, a solution of ethyl aluminum chloride in toluene is added dropwise. The solution is then warmed to room temperature and stirred for 30 minutes. After stirring, the mixture is cooled again to -78 ° C, and 2,2'-azobis-2,4-dimethyl valeronitrile is added. The copolymerization then occurs for 24 hours under stirring under a pressure of 0.1 MPa isobutene and a temperature of 25 C.

  The reaction mixture is then poured into a mixture of 1N hydrochloric acid and methanol. The precipitate is filtered to isolate a white solid which is washed with the same mixture and then dried under reduced pressure.

  EXAMPLE 8 Preparation of a GDP with a single phosphorylcholine end a) Production of PIB at a succinic anhydride end used PIB Glissonal 1000 of BASF, Mn = 1000 Either: CH 3 (CH 3) 3 CH 2 (CH 2 C) CH 2 CCH 2 CH 3 CH 3 ( 18 isobutylene units of MW = 56) In a two-liter autoclave, 1 kg of PIB (Glissopal 1000) is introduced and heated to 150 ° C. Vacuum is then applied to remove the air from the autoclave, the traces of humidity and light fractions of GDP (ie fractions of dimeric, trimeric PIB, etc.). 1 mole of maleic anhydride, ie 98 g, is then introduced and heated to be liquefied directly in the autoclave containing the PIB heated to 70 ° C. The autoclave is again closed and heated with stirring at 190 ° C. for 5 hours. under the natural pressure of the mixture. At the end of the reaction, the temperature is lowered to 130 ° C. and the vacuum is again applied to remove unreacted maleic anhydride residues. The autoclave is then opened and the compound obtained is filtered at 110 ° C.

  Weight obtained: 1050 g, ie 0.96 moles of mono succinic anhydride PIB.

  b) Esterification with glycerophosphorylcholine In a reactor of five liters with central agitation, the 1050 g of the above compound and 1000 g of methyl ethyl ketone are introduced. The solvent is heated to reflux (78 ° C.) and 0.96 moles of glycerophosphorylcholine (MW 256 g) are introduced successively, ie 245 g of glycerophosphorylcholine.

  Allowed to react at 78 ° C with stirring for seven hours. The solvent is then evaporated on a rotary evaporator to give 1290 g of the compound.

  EXAMPLE 9 Lipstick INCI Name% by weight Ceresin 2 Microcrystalline wax (melting point: 78) 2 Microcrystalline wax (melting point: 92) 2 Paraffin wax 2 Polyethylene wax (molecular weight: 655) 2 Polyethylene wax (molecular weight: 500) 2 Candelilla wax 2 α-olefin oligomer 2 Acrylates / stearyl Acrylate / Dimethicone Acrylates Copolymer 5 PIB-MPC copolymer (molecular weight: 1000 viscosity, 20 cSt at 25 ° C) Copolymer PIB-MPC (molecular weight: 1000 viscosity; 100000 cSt at 10 ° C) Dimethicone 4 PVP / Hexadecene 4 Diisostearyl malate 4 Isotridecyl isononanoate 4 Isopropyl isostearate 4 2-polyglyceryl triisostearate 8 Isostearyl dimer stearate phytosteryl 4 Disodium lauroyl glutamate di (phytosteryl 2-octyldodecyl) 4 Dicaprate Neopentyl Glycol 4 Phytosteryl Macadamiate 1 Stearyl Glycerhrethinate 0.2 Ceramide 1.8 Silica (Ultra Fine) 1 Titanium Coated Mica 2 Titanium Calcium Aluminum Borosilicate 5 D & C Red 7 0.2 D & C Red 28 0.3 FD & C Yellow 5 0.5 Iron Oxide 0.5 FD & C Blue 1 0.5 Titanium Dioxide 1.0 Silica (PLATE SHADE) 2.0 Laurol Lysine 3 Total 100

Claims (41)

  Cosmetic composition containing at least one polymer comprising at least one group of formula (I) O I I +    OP (CH 2) e N (R 5) 3 (I) wherein the R 5 groups are the same or different and each is a hydrogen atom or a (C 1 -C 4) alkyl group and e is an integer of 1 to 4, and a polymer unit, a graft and / or a block of olefinic nature.   2. Cosmetic composition according to claim 1, characterized in that the polymer is soluble or dispersible in a fatty phase.   3. Cosmetic composition according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the polymer is chosen from homopolymers and copolymers, which can be sequenced, random, random, alternating, block, grafted, star, combed comb, gradients or mixed.   4. Cosmetic composition according to claim 3, characterized in that the polymer is chosen from graft copolymers.   5. Cosmetic composition according to Claim 4, characterized in that the polymer is chosen from graft copolymers comprising a backbone comprising at least one block of polyolefinic nature and grafts comprising at least one group of formula (I) as defined in US Pat. claim 1, and preferably phosphorylcholine.   6. Cosmetic composition according to claim 4, characterized in that the polymer is chosen from graft copolymers comprising a backbone comprising at least one block comprising at least one group of formula (I), as defined in claim 1 and whose grafts comprise identical or different blocks of polyolefinic nature.   7. Cosmetic composition according to claim 3, characterized in that the polymer is chosen from block copolymers, for example di- or triblock, comprising linearly chained at least one block of polyolefinic nature and at least one block comprising at least one group of formula (I) as defined in claim 1, and preferably phosphorylcholine.   8. Cosmetic composition according to claim 3, characterized in that the polymer is chosen from in the form of a block copolymer, random or randomly comprising linearly chained polymer units, chains and / or blocks of olefinic nature of which at least one of them comprises at least one group of formula (I) as defined in claim 1, and preferably phosphorylcholine.   9. Cosmetic composition according to claim 3, characterized in that the polymer is a capped polymer: in the form of a copolymer comprising, linearly chained, blocks of identical or different polyolefin nature and comprising at one or both thereof or bonded to the main polymer chain at least one group of formula (I) as defined in claim 1, and preferably phosphorylcholine, or - in the form of a polyolefinic polymer having at least one group of formula (I) as defined in claim 1, at one or both ends or linked to the main polymer chain.   10. Cosmetic composition according to one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the group of formula (I) is bonded to at least one polymer unit of the skeleton or at least one of the two ends of the polymer, or is included in at least one chain and / or a block and / or a graft constituting the polymer, said group of formula (I) being able to be linked directly by covalent bonding or by means of a spacer.   11. Cosmetic composition according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the polymer further comprises polymer units, chains, blocks and / or grafts derived from at least one monomer (C) different from the chains, blocks and / or grafts of a polyolefinic nature, and different from any chains, blocks and / or grafts comprising the group of formula (I) as defined according to claim 1.   12. Cosmetic composition according to claim 11, characterized in that the monomer (C) is a lipophilic monomer chosen from C4-C40 alkyl (meth) acrylates, linear, branched or cyclic, (meth) acrylates. C4-C40 alkyl, linear, branched or cyclic, Nalkyl (meth) acrylamides, N, N'-dialkyl (meth) acrylamides, alkyl vinyl esters, alkyl vinyl ethers and alkyl alkyl esters.   13. Cosmetic composition according to claim 11, characterized in that the monomer (C) is chosen from C4C40 alkyl (meth) acrylates, such as butyl, isobutyl, tert-butyl (meth) acrylate, hexyl, tert-hexyl, octyl, ethyl-2-hexyl, tert-octyl, decyl, undecyl, dodecyl, isononyl or isostearyl.   14. Cosmetic composition according to any one of claims 11 to 13, characterized in that the chains, blocks and / or grafts polymer obtained from the monomers (C) are not crystallizable.   15. Cosmetic composition according to any one of claims 11 to 14, characterized in that the monomer (C) is selected from C12-C24 alkyl (meth) acrylates.   16. Cosmetic composition according to claim 6, characterized in that the polymer is a graft copolymer comprising at least: a backbone comprising at least one polymeric unit derived from a monomer of formula (A): YBX (A) - X takes the formula (I): O I I   O_p (CH2) e N + (R5) 3 (1) where the R5 groups are the same or different and each is a hydrogen atom or a (C1-C4) alkyl group and e is an integer ranging from 1 to 4, - B represents a divalent linear or branched alkylene, oxyalkylene or oligo-oxyalkylene group which may contain one or more heteroatoms, and Y represents a monovalent monovalent radical-polymerizable group and a polyolefin-type graft.   Cosmetic composition according to claim 16, characterized in that Y is an unsaturated ethylenic polymerizable group selected from: or R   CH 2 O = CCAO (V) in which: R is a hydrogen atom or a (C 1 -C 4) alkyl group; A is a group -O- or NR 1 where R 1 is a hydrogen atom or a group (C 1 -C 4); C4) alkyl or R1 is -BX where B and X are as defined above, and - K is - (CH2) pOC (O) -, (CH2) pC (O) O-, - ( CH2) pOC (O) O-, - (CH2) pNR2-, - (CH2) pNR2C (O) -, - (CH2) pC (O) NR2, - (CH2) pNR2C (O) O-, - (CH2) ) pOC (O) NR2-, - (CH2) pNR2C (O) NR2- (wherein R2 is the same or different) - (CH2) pO-, - (CH2) PSO3-, or optionally in combination with B a covalent bond and p is an integer of 1 to 12 and R2 is a hydrogen atom or a (C1-C4) alkyl group.   18. Cosmetic composition according to any one of claims 16 or 17, characterized in that the R5 groups are identical.   19. Cosmetic composition according to any one of claims 16 to 18, characterized in that at least one of R5 is a methyl group, and preferably all R5 groups are methyl groups.   20. Composition according to any one of claims 16 to 19, characterized in that e is an integer equal to 2 or 3, preferably equal to 2.   21. Cosmetic composition according to any one of claims 16 to 20, characterized in that the monomer of formula (A) takes the formula (II) R 1 CHZ C   Wherein: R is a hydrogen atom, a methyl group, or ethyl, more preferably a methyl group.   22. Cosmetic composition according to any one of claims 16 to 20, characterized in that the monomer of formula (A) takes the general form (III) KBX (III) - K is a group and B a covalent bond or K and B are groups simultaneously or K and B are simultaneously covalent bonds or B is a group and K is a covalent bond and when K is a group, then preferably p is an integer of 1 to 6, so more preferred 1, 2 or 3, and even more preferably p is 1.   B is an alkylene group of the formula - (C (R 3) 2) a, in which the groups - (C (R 3) 2) - are identical or different, and in each group (C (R 3) 2) - the groups R3 are the same or different and each R3 group is a hydrogen atom or a (C1-C4) alkyl group, preferably a hydrogen atom, and a is an integer ranging from 1 to 12, preferably from 1 to 6 ; an oxyalkylene group such as an alkoxyalkyl group having 1 to 6 carbon atoms in each alkyl unit, more preferably -CH 2 O (CH 2) 4- or an oligo-oxyalkylene group of the formula -L (C (R 4) 2 bO] c (C (R4) 2) b-, where the - (C (R4) 2) - groups are the same or different and in each - (C (R4) 2) - the R4 groups are the same or different and each R4 group is a hydrogen atom or a (C1-C4) alkyl group, preferably a hydrogen atom, and b is an integer from 1 to 6, preferably from 2 to 3 and c is an integer ranging from 2 to 11, preferably from 2 to 5 or a covalent bond.   23. Cosmetic composition according to claim 22, characterized in that K is a group - (CH2) pNR2-, - (CH2) pNR2C (O) -, - (CH2) pC (O) NR2, - (CH2) pNR2C ( 0), - (CH2) pOC (O) NR2- or - (CH2) pNR2C (O) NR2-then R2 is preferably a hydrogen atom, a methyl or ethyl group, even more preferably an atom of hydrogen.   24. Cosmetic composition according to any one of claims 16 to 23, characterized in that B is a group of formula - (C (R3) 2) - or (C (R3) 2) 2- such that (CH2) - or - (CH2_CH2) -, where R3 is as defined in claim 22.   25. Cosmetic composition according to any one of claims 16 to 24, characterized in that the monomer of formula (A) is a phosphorylcholine (meth) acrylate.   26. Cosmetic composition according to any one of claims 16 to 25, characterized in that the graft of polyolefinic nature may be in the form of a macromonomer of molecular weight by weight of between 300 and 30,000, preferably between 500 and 20,000. 000, more preferably between 1000 and 10,000 g / mol, and has a polymerizable end with the monomer of formula (A). This graft preferably has the characteristic of not being crystallizable.   27. Cosmetic composition according to any one of claims 16 to 26, characterized in that the polyolefinic graft is non-crystallizable.   28. Cosmetic composition according to any one of claims 16 to 27, characterized in that the graft of polyolefinic nature comprises polymeric units based on homopolyolefin or copolyolefins and in that these polyolefins comprise isomers of polybutene.   29. Cosmetic composition according to claim 28, characterized in that the isomers of polybutene are polyisobutenes.   30. Cosmetic composition according to any one of claims 16 to 29, characterized in that the molecular weight of the grafts is between 300 and 10,000, preferably between 500 and 7,000.   31. Cosmetic composition according to any one of claims 16 to 30, characterized in that the macromonomer used to form the grafts is a polyisobutene having an end of (meth) acrylic vinyl or styrenic nature capable of copolymerizing with the monomer of formula ( AT).   32. Cosmetic composition according to any one of claims 16 to 31, characterized in that the polymer comprises polymeric units or polymer chains from monomers (C) as defined according to any one of claims 11 to 15.   33. Cosmetic composition according to claim 8 or any of the claims dependent thereon, characterized in that the polymer is a block block copolymer comprising at least one polymeric unit or a group containing a group of formula (I), such as as defined in claim 1 and / or at its end a monomer containing a group of formula (I) as defined in claim 1, at least one block comprising at least one polymeric unit derived from a macromonomer of polyolefinic nature and optionally at least one block resulting from the polymerization of monomers (C), the monomer of formula (C) being as defined according to any one of claims 11 to 15.   34. Cosmetic composition according to claim 33, characterized in that the macromonomer of polyolefinic nature comprises polymeric units based on homopolyolefins or copolyolefins comprising polybutene and preferably polyisobutene.   35. Cosmetic composition according to claim 33 or 34, characterized in that the monomer comprising at least one polymeric unit or a group containing a group of formula (I) is a monomer of formula (A) as defined in one of the following: any of claims 16 to 25.   36. Cosmetic composition according to any one of claims 1 to 35, characterized in that the polymer or copolymer according to the present invention preferably has a weight-average molecular mass (or peak GPC) of between 500 and 106, preferably between 1,000 and 500,000, and even more preferably between 3,000 and 250,000.   37. Cosmetic composition characterized in that it comprises a fatty phase in which the polymer is dissolved or dispersed.   38. Composition according to the preceding claim, characterized in that the fatty phase contains at least one compound chosen from waxes, pasty fatty substances and oils.   39. Composition according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that it is a composition for makeup and / or care of the lips and / or the skin, in particular a lipstick. or a foundation.   40. Use of the polymer defined according to any one of claims 1 to 36 in a cosmetic composition.   41. A process for makeup and / or non-therapeutic care of keratinous materials, comprising at least one step of applying thereto at least one composition according to any one of claims 1 to 39.