FR2832521A1 - Firework display timing control having central unit GPS satellite clock signal synchronized setting programme function slave modules one second interval slave modules activating via cable/radio link - Google Patents

Abstract

The control unit has a central unit with a memorized programme clock controlling slave modules via cable or radio link. There is a GPS receiver with two modes, autonomous and synchronized to the GPS clock signal. The clock signal synchronizes the programme function, issuing control signals at one second intervals to slave modules.

Description

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Module and modular installation for controlling the execution of a program The present invention relates to a module for controlling the execution of a program whose actions must be executed with an accuracy less than a second, an installation formed at least of several modules of the aforementioned type as well as the use of such an installation for controlling the firing of fireworks.

Many applications today require the availability of autonomous installations or devices capable of controlling the execution of a program, the actions of which must be executed with an accuracy less than a second so as to obtain, when such installations and devices are geographically distant from each other, perfect synchronization of the actions emanating from each of said modules. This problem is particularly crucial in the field of pyrotechnics where the shows require the implementation of numerous independent shooting stations arranged on an extended shooting site, this site possibly presenting difficulties of access.

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 in some areas. Until now, in the case of such applications, each firing station is connected by wiring or radio link to a master station which controls all of the actions of the so-called slave shooting stations.

However, the geographic extent of the site sometimes requires the use of several kilometers of cables with the resulting wiring time. At the same time, the transmission of information by radio link is not always possible depending on the relief of the site. In addition, this type of radio link is susceptible to numerous interference, in particular electrical interference.

Other types of shows, such as outdoor musical shows, sound and light shows pose the same constraints.

An object of the present invention is to provide a module and a modular installation, the designs of which allow each of the modules to operate in a completely autonomous manner, bypassing a cable or radio link with a master station while guaranteeing execution. program sequences with an accuracy of less than a second.

Another object of the present invention is to propose a module and a modular installation whose designs make it possible to equip sites whose geographic extent is significant and whose relief is complex without harming the execution of the program of each module or the synchronization of the program of each module for the execution of a general program.

To this end, the subject of the invention is a module for controlling the execution of a program the actions of which must be executed with an accuracy less than the

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 second, characterized in that the module, equipped with at least a central unit, an operating clock, a program stored in the module and a GPS receiver, has at least two operating modes, the one autonomous, the other synchronized to the time signal emitted by the GPS fitted to said module at a predetermined time interval of the order generally of one second, the program operating clock being in synchronized mode updated from time signals validated by GPS reception.

Updating the program operating clock from time signals sent by a GPS receiver ensures hourly accuracy preventing any drift of the clock over time and, in the case of a built-in installation of several modules, a perfect synchronization of the actions to be executed by each of the modules.

According to a preferred embodiment of the invention, the program consists of a succession of triggering sequences of device for igniting fireworks, said devices being connectable to the module.

According to another preferred embodiment of the invention, the module consists of at least one housing incorporating a central unit capable of receiving signals from a GPS receiver, from a so-called external clock and from a so-called internal clock housed in said housing, the external clock having two operating modes, one autonomous, the other synchronized to the time signal emitted by the GPS at a predetermined interval of the order of 1 second, the internal clock emitting a sequence of constant time interval signals in the range of signals from the GPS to increase clock accuracy

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 external, the first signal of this sequence being synchronized to the external clock or to the GPS time signal, the central unit controlling the momentary switching of the external clock into autonomous operating mode so as to interrupt the synchronization action between GPS and external clock, when the GPS time signal transmitted is outside of a time window defined inside each sequence of the internal clock to ensure the continuity of the execution of the program and in particular the updating of the program operating clock based exclusively on the signals supplied by the external and internal clocks.

The invention also relates to a modular installation of the type consisting of at least n similar modules for controlling the execution of a program, the installation program being divided into a plurality of subprograms, each subprogram being assigned to a module to allow, from said modules, the timed execution of the general program with an accuracy less than the second, characterized in that each module is of the aforementioned type.

Another subject of the invention is the use of an installation with several modules of the aforementioned type for controlling the firing of fireworks.

Thanks to this design, each module is equipped with a receiver for signals from the constellation of GPS satellites, allowing extremely precise time synchronization between the modules. Each of them also has two local real-time clocks enabling one to take over the GPS signals in the event of an unexpected interruption and the other to fine-tune the GPS time slots which are at

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 based on a period of one second.

Thus, in the case of an application to pyrotechnics, after defining and downloading the shooting programs of each module, it is possible to leave each of them completely isolated on the ground, awaiting execution of the programmed shots. The synchronization precision obtained thanks to GPS signals, in any case better than a few milliseconds depending on the equipment used, guarantees perfect synchronization of the firings between the various firing modules.

The invention will be clearly understood on reading the following description of exemplary embodiments, with reference to the single figure which represents a simplified schematic view in the form of blocks of the design of a module according to the invention.

As mentioned above, the module for controlling the execution of a program stored in the module generally consists of a box equipped at least with a central unit and a GPS receiver with integrated decoder. The GPS receiver can be made up of a commercial model and can be presented either in the form of a receiver with integrated antenna and decoder (interface with central unit of RS 232 type), or in the form of antenna with separate decoder.

The signals from this GPS receiver are sent to the central unit. The role of this central unit is to ensure the overall operation and in particular the execution of the program stored in this module as well as the management of the various GPS or other communication protocols (network, real-time clocks, programming computer. ..) which will be described below. This central unit comprises

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pour ce faire différents éléments, en particulier un microprocesseur, tel qu'un microprocesseur 68 HC 11 FI, une mémoire vive telle qu'une mémoire vive 32 Ko, une mémoire EEPROM telle qu'une mémoire EEPROM 32 Ko et des interfaces diverses avec les autres éléments de l'ensemble. Le choix de mémoires EEPROM permet de mémoriser sans le secours d'une quelconque pile l'ensemble des données de programmation mais également le micro-logiciel de fonctionnement de l'ensemble rendant ainsi les évolutions du module extrêmement simples à réaliser. Dans le cas d'une application à un spectacle de pyrotechnie, la capacité de la mémoire EEPROM permet de mémoriser des séquences de tir d'environ 800 mises à feu indépendantes.

To do this, various elements, in particular a microprocessor, such as a 68 HC 11 FI microprocessor, a random access memory such as a 32 KB random access memory, an EEPROM memory such as a 32 KB EEPROM memory and various interfaces with the other elements of the set. The choice of EEPROM memories makes it possible to memorize, without the aid of any battery, all of the programming data but also the operating micro-software of the assembly, thus making the evolutions of the module extremely simple to perform. In the case of an application to a pyrotechnic show, the capacity of the EEPROM memory makes it possible to memorize firing sequences of approximately 800 independent firings.

Each module also has two so-called external and internal real-time clocks housed in the housing. In the examples shown, these real-time clocks generate interruptions to the central unit at the respective rate of 1 second for the external clock and 5 milliseconds for the internal clock.

The external clock has two operating modes, one autonomous, the other synchronized to the time signal emitted by the GPS at a predetermined interval of the order of 1 second. Consequently, as soon as the GPS time signals are present and reliable, the external clock is permanently synchronized with said signals. Its drift is therefore canceled every second, which allows it to be considered as zero. This clock is based on a specific quartz for this type of application ensuring a drift in free operation of less than 1 second / 24 hours. The role of this external clock is to compensate for any interruptions in the reception of GPS signals in the event of unexpected masking of the satellites or of difficulties linked to atmospheric or other conditions.

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As soon as the GPS signals are received correctly again, it is immediately re-synchronized. This clock is therefore an uninterruptible basic clock which provides the time base for the rest of the system. This external clock consists of at least one specialized PSTN circuit animated by a high-precision quartz, this PSTN circuit being connected to an interrupt input that cannot be masked by software from the central unit, in particular by processor software. of the central unit. The choice of a type of high precision quartz, specialized for chronometer type applications, allows to obtain an accuracy greater than 5 x 10- ', that is to say 0.4 seconds / day.

The module also includes an internal clock emitting a sequence of signals at constant time intervals in the range of signals emitted by the GPS to increase the accuracy of the external clock. This internal clock thus generates interruptions at the period of 5 milliseconds or 20 times / second. This internal clock has the dual function of allowing an interpolation between two time signals emitted by GPS signals while ensuring the integrity of these GPS signals and validating them in narrow time windows of plus or minus 10 milliseconds each second. The function of this internal clock is therefore to allow the precise execution of a program action within a time interval of one second. It also has the function of validating the GPS time signal received. Thus, the first signal of the sequence of signals emitted by the internal clock is synchronized with the external clock or with the GPS time signal. The central unit controls the momentary switching of the external clock to autonomous operating mode so as to interrupt the synchronization action between GPS and external clock, when the

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 GPS time signal transmitted is outside the time window defined within each sequence of the internal clock to thereby ensure the continuity of program execution and in particular the updating of the program operating clock on the exclusive basis of the signals supplied by the external and internal clocks. The characteristic of the GPS receiver used is that it always provides a computer frame whether it receives signals from satellites or not. In the second case, this information is of course unreliable. We can only know after decoding them, that is to say too late. On the other hand, the first frame received at the time of the interruption of the satellite signals is offset by approximately 0.3 seconds and therefore does not occur in the correct time window; which allows you to instantly switch to local time signals, in this case to the external clock to maintain the desired accuracy.

This internal clock can have two operating modes, one synchronized to the time signal emitted by the GPS in synchronized mode with the external clock, the other synchronized with the external clock in autonomous mode with the external clock. As a variant, this internal clock can have a unique operating mode in synchronism with the control signals emitted by the external clock.

This solution will be described below.

The so-called "ticks" signals generated by the internal clock at a constant time interval in the interval between two time signals transmitted by the GPS are counted by means of a counter. The data provided by this counter determines the limits of the time window corresponding to the reception range of a valid GPS time signal. This internal clock tick counter is

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 reset by the external clock every new second. The internal clock operating procedure is triggered by an interrupt generated from specialized circuits included in the microcontroller of the central unit at the rate of 183 interruptions / second. The precision depends essentially on the quartz used to generate the operating clock of the processor and is typically of the order of 10-4. The role of this procedure is essentially to increment the "ticks" counter which gives the system its time resolution. This "ticks" counter is also reset by the external real-time clock every new second. This procedure also opens the synchronization window for the GPS time signals between the "ticks" 165 and 18 corresponding respectively to 165 / 183-1 = -0, 1 second and 18/183 = 0.1 seconds compared to the reference instant corresponding to the start of a new second. Any GPS time signal falling outside this window can thus be eliminated as suspect.

As soon as the GPS time signal falls outside this window, the time window, which has an active state and a non-active or deactivated state, is deactivated. Indeed, the activation and deactivation of the time window are controlled by data supplied by means of detection and analysis of each frame of the GPS, each frame corresponding to a time signal from the GPS. In fact, the means of detection and analysis of each GPS frame include a counter incrementing on reception of a valid GPS frame or resetting to zero on reception of an invalid GPS frame. The reset causes the deactivation of the time window while the incrementation of the counter beyond a predetermined value controls the activation of the time window and the switching of the external clock to a

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v mode synchronisé. Ces moyens de détection et d'analyse de la trame GPS sont constitués par des circuits de gestion du temps inclus dans un micro-contrôleur et programmés par un logiciel pour la détection de la période de repos séparant deux trames. Ces moyens de détection et d'analyse de la trame GPS incluent en outre des moyens de détection du flanc descendant du bit de début de premier caractère de la trame, ces moyens commandant en mode synchronisé de l'horloge externe la synchronisation de l'horloge interne et de l'horloge externe et la mise à jour de l'horloge du programme à partir des données GPS correspondant à la trame précédant celle en cours d'analyse par lesdits moyens.

v synchronized mode. These means for detecting and analyzing the GPS frame consist of time management circuits included in a microcontroller and programmed by software for the detection of the rest period separating two frames. These means for detecting and analyzing the GPS frame also include means for detecting the falling edge of the start bit of the first character of the frame, these means controlling the synchronization of the clock in synchronized mode with the external clock. internal and external clock and updating the program clock from GPS data corresponding to the frame preceding that being analyzed by said means.

The procedure resulting from an interruption generated by the time management circuits, as described above, can be described as follows. This procedure initially extracts a character from the GPS frame which allows it to ensure that the frame is complete. If it does not, it immediately resets the valid GPS frame count or synchronization counter and signals to the rest of the software that synchronization is lost and that you must no longer interfere with the external PSTN, by l 'occurrence the external clock which becomes master and switches to autonomous mode of operation. If the frame is complete, it increments the synchronization counter used during recovery after signal fading or during initial synchronization to ensure for 5 seconds that GPS signals are correctly acquired before using them. The procedure then decodes the time information and adds a second to it since this information will only be taken into account at the next GPS top. If the value of the GPS synchronization counter is less than or equal to 5, the time window remains inactive. As soon as the counter indicates a value greater than 5, the window

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 time window is opened so as to check again that the GPS time signal transmitted is well received within this time window. If the next GPS time signal transmitted is outside this time window, the GPS synchronization counter is again reset to zero and the time window is closed until the GPS synchronization counter reaches the predetermined value.

This thus makes it possible to escape the case where the GPS time signals are acquired sporadically, once or twice before a new disappearance. The GPS synchronization counter thus introduces a time delay enabling this phenomenon to be overcome. Because we ensure for 5 seconds the correct acquisition of GPS signals before using them, we can escape a sporadic acquisition which would be likely to generate a desynchronization of the external clock.

Another procedure has the role of detecting the falling edge of the start bit of the first character of the transmission. It should be noted that with regard to GPS time signals which are transmissions of an informative frame containing the time information, these frames are presented as a standard asynchronous serial transmission with an approximate duration of 0.6 seconds taking into account the 2400 baud speed used by the GPS unit. The frames are separated by a rest period supplementing the entire second, that is to say 0.4 seconds. This period is used to decode the information received. Each new second, a new frame is transmitted.

The reference instant characterizing the start of each second is materialized by the falling edge of the start bit of the first character of the transmission. It is therefore necessary to acquire this instant before being able to decode the information contained in the frame and to be able

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 ensure their validity.

The frame start detection procedure is triggered by an interruption armed by the software in the dead times between the GPS frames. When the falling edge of the start bit of the first character of the frame is detected, the procedure starts. The first step is to check if the GPS synchronization window is closed.

If the window is closed, we return to the initial state. If the window is open, this frame is a priori correct and the external and internal clocks are immediately synchronized. The operating clock of the program itself is then updated with the data from the GPS which is in fact that of the previous frame to which we have added 1 second, since the current frame has just started and is therefore still completely unknown at the moment. The frame decoding procedure described above is then launched.

In other words, the procedure can be summarized as follows: When the counter, which increments on receipt of a valid GPS frame or resets to zero on reception of an invalid GPS frame, displays a higher value at a predetermined value, the time window delimited by the internal clock can be opened. If the GPS time signal transmitted to the next second falls inside the time window, the synchronous operating mode of the external clock is validated and the external and internal clocks are synchronized with the time signals transmitted as well as the 'internal program operating clock.

Conversely, as soon as an emitted GPS time signal falls outside the time window defined by the internal clock, the counter increments upon receipt of a

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 valid GPS frame is reset and the time window of the internal clock is deactivated until sufficient reception of valid GPS time signals is obtained. The external clock then operates in autonomous mode and synchronizes the operation of the internal clock with its own data. The same applies to the program operating clock, which is updated from the data provided by the external and internal clocks.

Such an interruption and operation in autonomous mode can be maintained for a period of several hours without affecting the execution of all of the actions of the program.

Obviously, the module also includes means for memorizing a program, each sequence of which is triggered by the program operating clock.

In a particular embodiment, this program consists of a succession of triggering sequences for a device for igniting fireworks, these devices being connectable to the module. To allow the introduction of this program inside the central unit of the module, this module can include a program sequence programming unit integrated into said box or connectable to said box. The program then operates in a conventional manner on the basis of the instructions received. Each time it checks the time of the programmed action against the time provided by the program operating clock, it displays a countdown and executes the action according to the programmed time. In the case of an application to pyrotechnics, each module comprises, at least integrated in the housing, a power supply supplying via a control interface a line terminal block, this terminal block

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 being in particular capable of connecting devices for igniting fireworks to said housing to allow their selective activation during the course of the program. The module therefore comprises means for memorizing a program for executing firing operations at predetermined times, each firing corresponding to the supply of the connection connecting a device for firing a part. fireworks to the module. The general supply thus provides the general supply voltages for all of the electronics, namely 12 volts and 5 volts. It has a double input, designed to operate on 220 volts single phase or on a 12 Volt battery. In the context of an application to pyrotechnics, the module may include a firing supply which supplies the high firing voltage either from the mains supply at 220 volts, or from a specific external source.

A command interface makes it possible to control the firing relays as a function of the orders developed by the central unit from its program or from a field network which will be described below. This is for example an 8-bit parallel interface and control lines offering a firing capacity of 256 different lines for each module. In practice, the number of lines is limited for a module to 64 given the size of the terminal blocks.

This interface is therefore provided with amplifiers making it possible to have simplified slave modules near the fireworks up to 256 lines.

The line terminal blocks allow connection of the firing lines in individual form since the material is intended to eliminate the use of multi-pair cable as far as possible. Each line has a firing indicator and a continuity indicator.

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This module can also include a field network interface. It is an interface to the RS 422 standard with signal booster to each firing module. These choices intended to make the transmission of information more reliable lead to specifying an upstream direction to the master station and a downstream direction to the other modules for the network implementation topology, the segments of which can no longer be trivialized. All the information received from the upstream direction is fully transmitted to the other modules at the same time as it is decoded by the local module to determine its relevance. The information received from the downstream modules is retransmitted to the upstream modules without alteration or decoding. The local module is likely to send its own information to the upstream side of the network but in no case to the downstream side. This topology allows a simplification of exchanges but requires the use of a fixed master and polling protocol to avoid conflicts between the different modules of the network. No module is able to initiate a transfer of information which can only be done in response to a query from the master. Likewise, the latter can only interrogate the modules individually. All exchanges concerning several modules are made without response or acknowledgment of receipt.

Obviously, this interface is necessary in the case of a modular installation consisting of at least n similar modules to control the execution of a program. In this case, the installation program is divided into a plurality of subroutines, each subroutine being assigned to a module to allow timed execution of the general program from said modules with an accuracy less than a second.

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v L'installation comporte donc un poste maître apte à communiquer par liaison filaire avec chacun des modules équipés d'une interface ad-hoc. Alternativement et sous réserve de fonctionner avec un protocole sans accusé de réception, la liaison filaire peut être remplacée par une liaison VHF mono-émetteur, multi-récepteurs si l'application filaire est rendue impossible par exemple par la topographie du terrain. Ces moyens de réception par liaison hertzienne sont notamment matérialisés par un récepteur VHF dans la figure unique. Dans le cas d'un mode de fonctionnement en réseau filaire traditionnel, ce mode de fonctionnement est architecturé autour d'une transmission filaire à la norme RS 422.

v The installation therefore includes a master station capable of communicating by wire connection with each of the modules fitted with an ad-hoc interface. Alternatively and subject to operating with a protocol without acknowledgment of receipt, the wired link can be replaced by a VHF single-transmitter, multi-receiver link if the wired application is made impossible for example by the topography of the terrain. These reception means by radio link are notably materialized by a VHF receiver in the single figure. In the case of a traditional wired network operating mode, this operating mode is structured around a wired transmission in accordance with the RS 422 standard.

To increase the distance and the security of information transmission, each firing module includes a repackaging of the signal allowing a strictly point-to-point operating mode in accordance with the standard. Each segment of the network can thus admit a maximum length of 1,000 meters. The transmission of information is bidirectional based on a specific protocol of the fixed master type with individual or multiple addressing capacity of the firing modules. The protocol provides all the orders useful for managing shows, programming shots for autonomous mode, re-reading the programs of each module, immediate firing, network wired link test, test of shooting lines, semi-automatic configuration of the network, reset modules, etc.

This operating mode allows two types of deployment of the modules: programming in the firing laboratory for use in autonomous operation, constitution of a field network used in real time under the authority of a master station.

Claims (20)

CLAIMS 1. Module for controlling the execution of a program, the actions of which must be executed with an accuracy of less than a second, characterized in that the module, equipped at least with a central unit, with an operating clock d '' a program stored in the module and a GPS receiver, has at least two operating modes, one autonomous, the other synchronized to the time signal emitted by the GPS fitted to said module at a predetermined time interval of the order generally one second, the program operating clock being in synchronized mode updated from validated time signals transmitted by GPS reception. 2. Module according to claim 1, characterized in that the program consists of a succession of triggering sequences of device for igniting fireworks, said devices being connectable to the module. 3. Module according to one of claims 1 and 2, characterized in that it consists at least of a housing incorporating a central unit capable of receiving signals from a GPS receiver, a so-called external clock and d '' a so-called internal clock housed in said housing, the external clock having two operating modes, one autonomous, the other synchronized to the time signal emitted by the GPS at a predetermined interval of the order of 1 second, the clock internal emitting a sequence of signals at a constant time interval within the interval of signals emitted by the GPS to increase the accuracy of the external clock, the first signal of this sequence being synchronized with the external clock or with the time signal <Desc / Clms Page number 18>  GPS, the central unit controlling the momentary switching of the external clock to autonomous operating mode so as to interrupt the synchronization action between GPS and external clock, when the GPS time signal transmitted is outside a defined time window within each sequence of the internal clock to ensure the continuity of the execution of the program and in particular the updating of the operating clock of the program on the exclusive basis of the signals supplied by the external and internal clocks . 4. Module according to claim 3, characterized in that the internal clock has two operating modes, one synchronized to the time signal emitted by the GPS in synchronized mode with the external clock, the other synchronized with the clock external in autonomous mode of the external clock. 5. Module according to claim 3, characterized in that the internal clock has a unique operating mode in synchronism with the control signals emitted by the external clock. 6. Module according to one of claims 3 to 5, characterized in that the so-called "ticks" signals generated by the internal clock at a constant time interval in the interval between two time signals transmitted by the GPS are counted by means of a counter, the data supplied by this counter determining the limits of the time window corresponding to the range of reception of a valid GPS time signal. 7. Module according to claim 6, characterized in that the "ticks" counter of the internal clock is reset to zero by the external clock each time <Desc / Clms Page number 19>  new second. 8. Module according to one of claims 3 to 7, characterized in that the time window has an active state and a non-active or deactivated state, the activation and deactivation of the time window being slaved to data provided by means for detecting and analyzing each frame of the GPS, each frame corresponding to an hourly signal from the GPS. 9. Module according to claim 8, characterized in that the means of detection and analysis of each frame of the GPS include a counter incrementing on reception of a valid GPS frame or resetting to zero on reception of an invalid GPS frame, resetting leading to deactivation of the time window, incrementation of the counter beyond a predetermined value controlling activation of the time window and switching of the external clock to a synchronized mode . 10. Module according to one of claims 8 and 9, characterized in that the detection and analysis means of the GPS frame are constituted by time management circuits included in a microcontroller and programmed by software for the detection of the rest period separating two frames. 11. Module according to one of claims 8 to 10, characterized in that the means for detecting and analyzing the GPS frame also include means for detecting the falling edge of the start bit of the first character of the frame, these means controlling in synchronized mode of the external clock the synchronization of the internal clock and the external clock and the updating of the clock of the <Desc / Clms Page number 20>  program from GPS data corresponding to the frame preceding that being analyzed by said means. 12. Module according to one of claims 8 to 11, characterized in that the external clock consists of at least one specialized PSTN circuit driven by a high precision quartz, this PSTN circuit being connected to an interrupt input of the central unit incorporating at least one processor. 13. Module according to one of claims 1 to 12, characterized in that it further comprises at least one radio receiver for the reception of signals transmitted in particular by a master station. 14. Module according to one of claims 1 to 13, characterized in that it comprises means for memorizing a program of which each sequence, preferably corresponding to the triggering of a device for firing a part d The device is triggered by the program operating clock. 15. Module according to one of claims 3 to 14, characterized in that it includes a program sequence programming unit integrated into said housing or connectable to said housing. 16. Module according to one of claims 3 to 15, characterized in that it comprises, at least integrated in the housing, a power supply supplying via a control interface a line terminal block, this terminal block being in particular able to connect fireworks devices to said housing to allow their selective activation during the course of the program. <Desc / Clms Page number 21> 17. Module according to claim 1, characterized in that it comprises means for storing a program for executing firing operations at predetermined times, each firing corresponding to the supply of the connection connecting a device for igniting a firework to the module. 18. Modular installation of the type consisting of at least n similar modules for controlling the execution of a program, the installation program being divided into a plurality of subroutines, each subroutine being assigned to a module to allow , from said modules, the timed execution of the general program with an accuracy lower than the second, characterized in that each module conforms to one of claims 1 to 17. 19. Installation according to claim 18, characterized in that it further comprises a master station capable of communicating by radio or wire connection with each of the modules equipped with an ad hoc radio reception. 20. Use of a multi-module installation in accordance with one of claims 18 and 19 for controlling the ignition of fireworks.