FR2825845A1 - Dynamo electric rotating machine for motor vehicle, uses injection of current into alternator stator to sustain speed and hence voltage output of alternator as extra load is switched in while engine is slowing - Google Patents

Abstract

The electric machine reduces load on the engine when a load is switched in by delivering a current to an armature of the polyphase stator (6) while the engine is running. The machine is then forced to operate as a motor, which allows it to a maintain sufficient speed to produce the high output required as the additional load is switched on to the vehicle electrical system.

Description

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DYNAMOELECTRIC MACHINE FOR VEHICLE Field of the Invention
The present invention relates to a dynamoelectric machine for a vehicle which is capable of starting an engine by engine operation and of supplying electrical power to a vehicle by generator operation.

State of the art
Figure 2 is a sectional view illustrating one of the conventional dynamoelectric machines. Referring to Figure 2, the dynamoelectric machine in the form of a wound synchronous machine is described as an example. It is also preferable that the dynamoelectric machine takes its form from a construction of a synchronous machine of the permanent magnet type, of a synchronous machine of the reluctance type, of a conduction machine of the squirrel cage type and of a wire conduction machine or equivalent.

 In the drawing, the reference number 51 designates a pulley mounted on a terminal part so as to be capable of transmitting power bi-directionally with respect to an internal combustion engine. The number 52 designates a rotor shaft on which the mentioned pulley 51 is fixed. The number 53 designates a rotor iron core fixed to the mentioned rotor shaft 52. The number 54 designates a magnetic field armature wound around the rotor iron core 53 mentioned. These rotor shaft 52, rotor iron core 53

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 and magnetic field armature 54 constitute a rotor. The number 55 designates a stator iron core disposed opposite the rotor. The number 56 designates a polyphase stator frame wound around the iron core of the stator 55 mentioned. These stator iron core 55 and stator frame 56 constitute a stator.

 Numbers 57 and 58 respectively designate a pair of bearings for supporting the rotor. The number 59 designates a support for supporting the stator. The number 60 designates a slip ring intended to deliver a current to the magnetic field armature 54. The number 61 designates a pair of brushes slidingly adjacent to the slip ring 60. The number 62 designates a spring polarizing the mentioned brush 61 towards the collecting ring 60. The number 63 designates a brush holder intended to accommodate the collecting ring 60, the brush 61 and the spring 62.

 The operation of the conventional dynamoelectric machine constructed in the manner described above is described below.

 When an excitation current is delivered to the magnetic field armature 54 via the brush 61 and the slip ring 60, a magnetic flux is generated at the iron core of the rotor 53.

 During engine operation, under the above conditions, a rotational force is generated at the rotor by delivering a polyphase alternating current to the armature of the polyphase stator 56.

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 In addition, by energizing an electromagnetic clutch induction coil 64 simultaneously, thereby attracting an electromagnetic clutch follower 65 to a close-coupled / separate electromagnetic clutch surface 66, an internal gear 67 in a planetary gear mechanism arrives to be fixed.

 Thus, the rotational force generated at the rotor is transmitted from the rotor as power to a load via a sun gear 68, a sun gear 69, a carrier 70, the pulley 51 , of a belt wrapped around the pulley 51. It is also preferable to use a synchronous belt, a chain and the like in place of a V-belt as transmission means intended to transmit the rotational force.

 In this way, by incorporating a speed reduction mechanism in the internal part, it becomes possible to rotate the motor at a high speed and to generate a rotational force proportional to a reduction ratio at the level of the pulley 51 serving as a section. Release.

 In this case, a freewheel drive 71 remains in the idle state with respect to the freewheel follower 72.

 During the power supply of an electric charge by the generator operation, an excitation current is delivered to the magnetic field armature 54 through the brush 61 and the slip ring 60. Then, in the state where the magnetic flux

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 is generated at the iron core of the rotor 53, the rotational force is transmitted to the rotor by means of the pulley 51.

 At the end of the completion of the engine operation, the application of power to the electromagnetic clutch induction coil 64 is interrupted and the internal gear 67 and a cylinder head 73 become free. Thus, these internal gears 67 and cylinder head 73 rotate at the same speed of rotation as that of the pulley 51, and the rotor rotates with them and thus an electric power is generated at the armature of the polyphase stator 56.

 In this case, the freewheel drive 71 and the follower 72 are in a coupling state.

 In the conventional dynamoelectric machine for a vehicle constructed as described above, a load on the internal combustion engine increases when any load such as the air conditioner is started during idling and therefore an engine speed decreases. To cope with such a drop in engine speed, the generation of power at the dynamoelectric machine for the vehicle is temporarily stopped and the load on the internal combustion engine is partially reduced. Even then, however, a problem exists that any power to drive the rotor of the vehicle dynamoelectric machine is still required.

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Summary of the invention
The present invention has been made to solve the problems mentioned above and its object is to provide a dynamoelectric machine for a vehicle in which when, for example, the energization of a load such as an air conditioner is carried out during idling, a rotor of the dynamoelectric machine for a vehicle is forced to rotate (power operation), thereby reducing a drive power of the rotor even when any power generation operation is not driven by an internal combustion engine.

 A dynamoelectric machine for a vehicle according to the invention comprises: a pulley placed at a terminal part so as to be capable of transmitting power bi-directionally with respect to an internal combustion engine; a rotor shaft on which the mentioned pulley is fixed; a rotor attached to the mentioned rotor shaft; a stator placed opposite the mentioned rotor; a speed reduction mechanism interposed between the rotor shaft and the pulley and a free wheel formed on the rotor shaft; wherein the engine operation is performed at a rotational speed which is not less than a speed obtained during the operation of the internal combustion engine by multiplying an engine speed of the internal combustion engine by a pulley ratio.

 The result of such an arrangement is that an advantage is ensured so that the power intended for

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 driving the rotor by means of the internal combustion engine can be reduced.

Brief description of the drawings
Figure 1 is a sectional view illustrating a dynamoelectric machine for a vehicle according to a first preferred embodiment of this invention.

 Figure 2 is a sectional view illustrating a conventional dynamoelectric machine.

Description of the preferred embodiments Embodiment 1
A first preferred embodiment according to the present invention is described below with reference to the drawing. Figure 1 is a sectional view illustrating a dynamoelectric machine for a vehicle according to the first embodiment of the invention. In this embodiment, a dynamoelectric machine formed in a wound synchronous machine will be described as an example. However, it is also preferable that the dynamoelectric machine takes its form from a construction of a synchronous machine of the permanent magnet type, of a synchronous machine of the reluctance type, of a conduction machine of the squirrel cage type and of '' a wound conduction machine or equivalent.

 In the drawing, the reference number 1 designates a pulley mounted on a terminal part so as to be capable of transmitting power bi-directionally with respect to a combustion engine

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 internal. The number 2 designates a rotor shaft on which the pulley mentioned 1 is fixed. The number 3 designates a rotor iron core fixed to the mentioned rotor shaft 2. The number 4 designates a magnetic field armature wrapped around the rotor iron core 3 mentioned. These rotor shaft 2, rotor iron core 3 and magnetic field armature 4 constitute a rotor. The number 5 designates a stator iron core placed opposite the rotor. The number 6 designates a polyphase stator frame wound around the iron core of the stator 5 mentioned. These stator iron core 5 and stator frame 56 constitute a stator.

 The numbers 7 and 8 respectively designate a pair of bearings for supporting the rotor. The number 9 designates a support for supporting the stator. The number 10 designates a slip ring intended to deliver a current to the magnetic field armature 4.

The number 11 designates a pair of brushes slidingly adjacent to the slip ring 10. The number 12 designates a spring polarizing the mentioned brush 11 towards the slip ring 10. The number 13 designates a brush support intended to accommodate the slip ring 10 , the brush 11 and the spring 12.

 In addition, the number 14 designates a sun gear in a planetary gear mechanism mounted on the rotor shaft 2. The number 15 designates a planetary gear engaged with the sun gear 14. The number 16 designates a planetary gear shaft. The number 17 designates a bearing intended to support the planetary gear 15. The number 18 designates a cylinder head in the form of: in cross section. The number 19 designates an internal gear

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 forming part of the planetary gear mechanism formed in the cylinder head 18. The number 20 designates an electromagnetic clutch body. The number 21 designates a magnetic field coil of the electromagnetic clutch placed so as to be enclosed in the cylinder head 18. The number 22 designates a contact surface / separate from an electromagnetic clutch drive forming part of the clutch body electromagnetic. The number 23 designates an electromagnetic clutch follower which is attracted to the contact / separate surface 22 by energizing the magnetic field coil 21. The number 24 designates a spring intended to force the electromagnetic clutch follower 23 to return. The number 25 designates a screw intended to fix the electromagnetic clutch.

 The number 26 designates a screw intended to fix the spring 24 which forces the electromagnetic clutch follower 23 to turn over. The number 27 designates a bearing intended to support the cylinder head 18.

The numbers 28 and 29 designate holding struts respectively. The number 30 indicates a support. The number 31 designates a sealing ring intended to prevent the oil from leaking. The number 32 designates a freewheel follower which is formed on the rotor shaft 2 and is capable of transmitting a unidirectional rotational force. The number 33 designates a freewheel drive. The number 34 designates a freewheel cam portion. The number 35 designates a nut intended to fix the freewheel. Number 36 designates a bearing intended to support a wheel wedge

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 free. The number 37 designates a carrier component of the freewheel drive 33 with the means for transmitting a power (such as the pulley 1) to and from the engine. The number 38 designates fixing means intended to fix the pulley 1 and the carrier 37 together. The number 39 designates a part where the sun gear 1 formed on the rotor shaft 2 and the freewheel follower 32 can be engaged. one with the other. The number 40 designates attachment means intended to attach the respective parts.

 The operation of the above dynamoelectric machine will now be described.

 When an excitation current is delivered to the magnetic field armature 4 via the brush 11 and the slip ring 10, a magnetic flux is generated at the iron core of the rotor 3.

 During motor operation, in this state, a rotational force is generated at the rotor by delivering a polyphase alternating current to the armature of the polyphase stator 6.

 At the same time, by energizing an electromagnetic clutch induction coil 21 and drawing the electromagnetic clutch follower 23 to the close-coupled / separate electromagnetic clutch surface 22, the internal gear 19 in the planetary gear mechanism arrives to be fixed.

 Thus, the rotational force generated at the rotor is transmitted as power from the rotor to a load via the sun gear 14, the sun gear 15, the carrier 37, the pulley

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 1, and the belt wrapped around this pulley 1. It is also preferable to use a synchronous belt, a chain and the like instead of a V-belt as transmission means intended to transmit the rotational force.

 In this way, by incorporating a speed reducing mechanism in the internal part, it becomes possible to rotate the motor at a high speed and to generate a rotational force proportional to the reduction ratio at the pulley 1 serving as part of exit.

 In this case, a freewheel drive 33 remains in the idle state with respect to the freewheel follower 32.

 During the power supply of an electrical charge by the generator operation, an excitation current is delivered to the magnetic field armature 4 via the brush 11 and the slip ring 10 and a magnetic flux is generated. at the level of the iron core of the rotor 3. In such a state, the rotational force is transmitted to the rotor by means of the pulley 1.

 At the end of the completion of the engine operation, the application of power to the electromagnetic clutch induction coil 21 is interrupted, and the internal gear 19 and a cylinder head 18 become free. Thus, these gears 19 and cylinder head rotate at the same speed of rotation as that of the pulley 1, and the rotor rotates with them and

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 thus an electrical power is generated at the armature of the polyphase stator 6.

 In this case, the freewheel drive 33 and the follower 32 are in a coupling state.

 As described above, during the operation of the internal combustion engine, the rotational force of the internal combustion engine is transmitted from the power transmission means of the internal combustion engine such as a dynamoelectric belt machine for a vehicle. Thus, the rotor in the dynamoelectric machine for a vehicle turns, an electric power is generated at the level of the rotor and the energy is delivered to the vehicle.

 In such a state, the dynamoelectric machine for a vehicle consumes the power of the internal combustion engine.

 When, for example, any load such as an air conditioner is turned on during idling, the load on the internal combustion engine increases and therefore the engine speed of the internal combustion engine is lowered.

 In the case of the prior art, to cope with such a lowering of the engine speed, a power generation operation at the dynamoelectric machine for the vehicle is temporarily stopped to partially reduce the load on the internal combustion engine. However, also in this case, any power intended to drive the rotor of the dynamoelectric machine for a vehicle is necessary.

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 In particular, this is a recent trend which requires that electrical charges increase. In such a trend, a large power capacity is required in a dynamoelectric machine for a vehicle. Therefore, the rotor tends to be larger, and the power to drive the rotor when any power generator operation is not performed by the internal combustion engine also tends to be greater.

 To cope with such a trend, in the invention when, for example, any load such as an air conditioner is turned on during idling, a current is delivered to the armature of the polyphase stator 6 and the dynamoelectric machine for vehicle is operated as a power generator motor. Consequently, the rotor of the dynamoelectric machine for a vehicle rotates (as engine operation) at a rotational speed not less than a speed obtained during the operation of the internal combustion engine by multiplying an engine speed of the internal combustion engine by a pulley ratio (internal combustion engine engine speed x pulley ratio). The result is that the power for driving the rotor can be reduced without providing any rotational driving power from the internal combustion engine to the rotor.

 In the case of driving the engine operation at a speed not less than a speed obtained during the operation of the internal combustion engine by multiplying an engine speed of the

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 internal combustion engine by a pulley ratio as described above, a rotational speed of the rotor becomes higher than that of pulley 1.

Thus, the freewheel drive 33 remains in the idle state with respect to the freewheel follower 32.

 In addition, the vehicle dynamoelectric machine arranged as described above is engaged with the internal combustion engine via the belt. By performing the power transmission between the dynamoelectric machine for vehicle and the internal combustion engine by means of the belt, another advantage is ensured in that the freedom to include the dynamoelectric machine for vehicle in the internal combustion engine is improved .

 In addition, it is preferable that the energization of the load such as an air conditioner or a headlight during idling is detected by detection means and the dynamoelectric machine is driven by a motor at a speed of rotation not less than a speed obtained during operation of the internal combustion engine by multiplying an engine speed of the internal combustion engine by a pulley ratio based on the result detected by the mentioned detection means.

Embodiment 2
In this second preferred embodiment, a construction itself of a dynamoelectric machine for a vehicle is similar to that illustrated in FIG. 1. However, the dynamoelectric machine in

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 this embodiment is arranged so as to be driven by a motor at a speed of rotation not less than a speed obtained by multiplying an engine speed of the internal combustion engine by a pulley ratio after having detected rapid acceleration of the vehicle.

 Also in the case where the vehicle requires a strong acceleration, the reduction of a load for the engine also improves a vehicle acceleration power.

 In the prior art, in order to improve the acceleration power as described above, the load on the internal combustion engine is partially reduced by temporarily stopping the generation of power at the dynamoelectric machine for vehicles.

Even in such a case, the power to drive the rotor of the vehicle dynamoelectric machine is still necessary.

 Thus, in the case of detection of any strong acceleration, a current is delivered to the armature of the polyphase stator 6 thus forcing the rotor of the dynamoelectric machine for a vehicle to turn (motor drive) at a non-rotating speed. lower than a speed obtained by multiplying an engine speed of the internal combustion engine by a pulley ratio (an engine speed of the internal combustion engine x a pulley ratio). As a consequence of such an arrangement, the power intended to drive the rotor can be reduced without providing a

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 any rotational power from the internal combustion engine to the rotor.

Embodiment 3
A dynamoelectric machine for a vehicle according to this embodiment is arranged as follows. During engine operation as described in the first and second embodiments which precedes, the battery voltage is checked. When it is detected, by monitoring a battery voltage during engine operation, that the battery voltage is not greater than a threshold value, the engine operation performed at a rotation speed not less than a speed obtained in multiplying an engine speed of the internal combustion engine by a pulley ratio is stopped and the power generation operation is started.

 Since the electric power is delivered by the battery during the engine operation of the dynamoelectric machine for vehicle, the battery obviously falls into a state of discharge and the balance between the charge and the discharge worsens.

 Thus, when the operating state in continuous power (that is to say a state where the power is delivered by the battery), the battery can be in a state of over-discharge. Therefore, neither the engine operation nor the power supply from the battery to the other electrical load can be performed. In addition, there may be a case where the internal combustion engine cannot be restarted.

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 To solve such problems, in this embodiment, by monitoring the battery voltage during engine operation, the state of charge of the battery can be observed and, therefore, the battery will be prevented from being excessively discharged.

 In the dynamoelectric machine for a vehicle according to the first additional technical characteristic of the invention, the power transmission between the pulley and the internal combustion engine is carried out using a belt.

 The consequence of such an arrangement is that an advantage is ensured so that the freedom to include the dynamoelectric machine in the internal combustion engine is improved.

 In the dynamoelectric machine for a vehicle according to the second additional technical characteristic of the invention, upon detection of any load such that an air conditioner is started during idling, the engine operation is performed at a rotational speed not lower than a speed obtained during the operation of the internal combustion engine by multiplying an engine speed of the internal combustion engine by a pulley ratio.

 The consequence of such an arrangement is that an advantage is ensured so that the power intended to drive the rotor by means of the internal combustion engine can be reduced without fail only when necessary.

 In the dynamoelectric machine for vehicles according to the third technical characteristic

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 additional of the invention, upon detection of a strong acceleration of a vehicle, the engine operation is performed at a rotational speed not less than a speed obtained during the operation of the internal combustion engine by multiplying an engine speed of the internal combustion engine by a pulley ratio.

 The consequence of such an arrangement is that an advantage is ensured so that the acceleration power of the vehicle can be improved.

 In the dynamoelectric machine for a vehicle according to the fourth additional technical characteristic of the invention, during the detection by checking a battery voltage during engine operation that the battery voltage is not greater than a threshold value, the engine operation executed at a rotational speed not less than a speed obtained by multiplying an engine speed of the internal combustion engine by a pulley ratio is stopped, and the power generator operation is started.

 The consequence of such an arrangement is that an advantage is ensured so that the battery is prevented from being excessively discharged.

Claims (5)

1. Dynamoelectric machine for vehicle which comprises: a pulley (1) placed at a terminal part so as to be capable of transmitting power bi-directionally with respect to an internal combustion engine; a rotor shaft (2) on which said pulley (1) is fixed; a rotor (3), (4) fixed to said rotor shaft (2); a stator (5), (6) placed opposite said rotor (3), (4); a speed reduction mechanism interposed between said rotor shaft (2) and said pulley (1); and a free wheel formed on said rotor shaft (2); characterized in that the operation of the engine is performed at a rotational speed which is not less than a speed obtained during the operation of said internal combustion engine by multiplying an engine speed of the internal combustion engine by a pulley ratio.  2. Dynamoelectric machine for vehicle according to claim 1, characterized in that the power transmission between the pulley and the internal combustion engine is carried out using a belt.  3. Dynamoelectric machine for vehicle according to claim 2, characterized in that when it is detected that any load, such as an air conditioner, is started during idling, the engine operation is executed at a rotational speed not less than a speed obtained during <Desc / Clms Page number 19>  the operation of the internal combustion engine by multiplying an engine speed of the internal combustion engine by a pulley ratio.  4. Dynamoelectric machine for vehicle according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that when a strong acceleration of a vehicle is detected, the engine operation is carried out at a speed of rotation not less than a speed obtained during operation of the internal combustion engine by multiplying an engine speed of the internal combustion engine by a pulley ratio.  5. Dynamoelectric machine for vehicle according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that when it is detected by checking a battery voltage during engine operation that the battery voltage is not greater than a value of threshold, the operation of the engine executed at a speed of rotation not less than a speed obtained by multiplying an engine speed of the internal combustion engine by a pulley ratio is stopped, and the power generator operation is started.