FR2800932A1 - Electrical module for an automobile alternator and assembly containing alternator and module - Google Patents

Electrical module for an automobile alternator and assembly containing alternator and module Download PDF

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Publication number
FR2800932A1
FR2800932A1 FR9914124A FR9914124A FR2800932A1 FR 2800932 A1 FR2800932 A1 FR 2800932A1 FR 9914124 A FR9914124 A FR 9914124A FR 9914124 A FR9914124 A FR 9914124A FR 2800932 A1 FR2800932 A1 FR 2800932A1
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France
Prior art keywords
module according
module
substrate
alternator
elements
Prior art date
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Granted
Application number
FR9914124A
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French (fr)
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FR2800932B1 (en
Inventor
Sebastien Arrighi
Laurent Thery
Corinne Volle
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Valeo Equipements Electriques Moteur SAS
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Valeo Equipements Electriques Moteur SAS
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Application filed by Valeo Equipements Electriques Moteur SAS filed Critical Valeo Equipements Electriques Moteur SAS
Priority to FR9914124A priority Critical patent/FR2800932B1/en
Priority to ES00400512T priority patent/ES2373092T3/en
Priority to EP20000400512 priority patent/EP1032114B1/en
Publication of FR2800932A1 publication Critical patent/FR2800932A1/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of FR2800932B1 publication Critical patent/FR2800932B1/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Fee Related legal-status Critical Current

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Abstract

The module contains an a.c./d.c. current converter fitted with switches carried on an insulated substrate. The switching elements are in the form of two series of non encapsulated chips. At least a first of the two series of first chip switches are mounted on a first electrically conducting part so as to define a half bridge. The second series of chip switches are fixed on a second electrically conducting part so as to form a second half bridge. The half bridges are fitted to the same metallic piece and are connected by a metallic part of the substrate

Description

La présente invention est relative à un module électronique pour alternateur de véhicule, notamment automobile, et a un assemblage comportant un tel alternateur et un tel module. The present invention relates to an electronic module for a vehicle alternator, in particular an automobile, and to an assembly comprising such an alternator and such a module.

Un but de l'invention est de proposer un module électronique - qui regroupe tout ou partie des fonctions électroniques associées à l'alternateur (redressement, régulation, antiparasitage) - qui est optimisé, notamment point de vue dimensionnel et/ou thermique. An object of the invention is to propose an electronic module - which groups together all or part of the electronic functions associated with the alternator (rectifying, regulating, suppressing) - which is optimized, in particular dimensional and / or thermal point of view.

Elle propose un module électronique pour alternateur de véhicule, notamment automobile, comportant un pont redresseur à éléments formant diodes, ces éléments étant portés par un substrat isolé. It proposes an electronic module for a vehicle alternator, in particular a motor vehicle, comprising a rectifier bridge with diode elements, these elements being carried by an insulated substrate.

Un tel module est avantageusement complété par les différentes caractéristiques suivantes - les éléments formant diodes se présentent sous la forme de puces non encapsulées ; - le substrat isolé porte également des moyens de régulation. Such a module is advantageously completed by the following different characteristics - the diode elements are in the form of non-encapsulated chips; the insulated substrate also carries regulating means.

- les éléments formant diodes sont portés par paire par des éléments qui définissent les branches du pont redresseur. - The diode elements are carried in pairs by elements defining the branches of the rectifier bridge.

- les éléments formant diodes sont portés par des éléments qui définissent des demi-ponts redresseurs. the diode elements are carried by elements which define rectifier half-bridges.

- les éléments formant diodes d'un demi-pont sont brasés sur une meure pièce métallique rapportée sur une trace métallique du substrat. - The diode elements of a half-bridge are soldered on a metal piece reported on a metal trace of the substrate.

- une pièce métallique est brasée au dessus 'une puce formant diode. - une pièce intermédiaire est interposée entre élément formant diode et une connexion électrique ; - le substrat comporte une zone non isolée ; - il comporte une enceinte en un matériau plastique qui est portée le substrat et qui entoure le circuit que porte le substrat. a metal piece is brazed above a diode chip. an intermediate piece is interposed between diode element and an electrical connection; the substrate comprises an uninsulated zone; - It comprises an enclosure of a plastic material which is carried the substrate and which surrounds the circuit that carries the substrate.

- l'enceinte intègre des moyens de connectique. - il comporte un capot apte à fermer l'enceinte. - The speaker integrates means of connection. - It has a hood adapted to close the enclosure.

- l'enceinte intègre des moyens de connexion à porte-balais. - il comporte un porte-balais. invention propose également un assemblage comportant un alternateur et un module électronique du type précité. the enclosure integrates means of connection to brush holder. - It has a brush holder. The invention also proposes an assembly comprising an alternator and an electronic module of the aforementioned type.

Avantageusement le module est plaqué sur le palier arrière de l'alternateur. Advantageously, the module is plated on the rear bearing of the alternator.

- le refroidissement par eau ou par air de l'alternateur est apte à refroidir les éléments formant diodes. the cooling by water or by air of the alternator is able to cool the diode elements.

notera que la solution proposée permet une plus grande intégration, d'où un encombrement réduit - en surface à l'arrière de l'alternateur (actuellement lectronique occupe 3/4 de la surface, la solution occupe seulement la moitié), ce qui permet un positionnement plus mobile sur l'arrière et donc polyvalence vis à vis demandes client (position des bornes) - épaisseur, ce qui permet un meilleur accès pour la fixation du câblage du véhicule sur les bornes de l'alternateur. note that the proposed solution allows a greater integration, resulting in a smaller footprint - at the rear surface of the alternator (currently electronic occupies 3/4 of the surface, the solution occupies only half), which allows a more mobile positioning on the rear and therefore versatility with respect to customer requirements (position of the terminals) - thickness, which allows better access for fixing the vehicle wiring on the terminals of the alternator.

nombre de pièces à assembler est réduit et les pièces sont plus simples, qui facilite l'assemblage et le montage. the number of parts to be assembled is reduced and the parts are simpler, which facilitates assembly and assembly.

Actuellement, les diodes encapsulées pour l'électronique de puissance dans les alternateurs sont fabriqués par peu de fournisseurs. L'utilisation de puces de diodes - non encapsulées - permet l'élargissement des fournisseurs potentiels, d'où une plus grande souplesse. Currently, encapsulated diodes for power electronics in alternators are manufactured by few suppliers. The use of diode chips - not encapsulated - allows the expansion of potential suppliers, resulting in greater flexibility.

puce de diode, on entend ici tout composant semi-conducteur qui, grâce à un dopage adéquat de ses couches, intègre la fonction diode. L'utilisation des pièces de cuivre supérieures et inférieures permet d'optimiser la thermique de l'ensemble aussi bien en statique qu'en transitoire. Les traces conductrices du substrat jouent donc un rôle supplémentaire de fixation de ces demi-ponts. diode chip means here any semiconductor component which, thanks to a suitable doping of its layers, integrates the diode function. The use of the upper and lower copper parts optimizes the thermal of the assembly both in static and in transitory. The conductive traces of the substrate therefore play an additional role of fixing these half-bridges.

Egalement, le substrat peut intégrer le condensateur d'antiparasitage.  Also, the substrate can integrate the suppression capacitor.

La solution permet l'utilisation de composants Le module peut se fixer de manière optionnelle la partie arrière (côté collecteur) ou avant (côté poulie) de l'alternateur, que celui-ci soit refroidi par air ou par eau. II peut être dans un boîtier électronique séparé. - D'autres caractéristiques et avantages de l'invention ressortiront encore la description qui suit. Cette description est purement illustrative et non limitative. Elle doit être lue en regard des dessins annexés sur lesquel - figures la, 1 b et 1 c illustrent différents montages redresseurs possibles sortie d'un alternateur ; - la figure 2 est une représentation schématique en coupe illustrant un montage possible d'une diode sur un substrat isolé ; - figure 3 est une représentation schématique en vue de dessus illustrant circuit électronique présentant deux zones, l'une isolée, l'autre non isolée ; - les figures 4 et 5 illustrent deux montages à ponts redresseurs possibles; - la figure 6 est une représentation d'un circuit comportant un pont redresseur et un régulateur ; - les figures 7a et 7b sont des représentations schématiques en coupe et en vue de dessus illustrant un montage d'un demi-pont de diodes - figure 8 est une représentation d'un détail du circuit de la figure 6, sans diodes ; - les figures 9a à 9c illustrent différents types de connexion possibles avec les entrées phase ; - les figures 10 et 11 sont des représentations schématiques illustrant différents types de mise à la masse ; - les figures 12a et 12b illustrent différents montages possibles pour la connexion de phase ; - les figures 13a et 13b illustrent différents montages possibles connexions possibles avec la sortie B+ ; - la figure 14 illustre en vue en coupe un module comportant enceinte et capot fermant celle-ci ; - la figure 15a est une représentation schématique illustrant la disposition d'un module ; - la figure 15b illustre un porte - balais rapporté sur ce module ; - les figures 15c à 15e illustrent différents types de moyens de connectique intégrés dans une paroi d'enceinte d'un module ; - les figures 16a et 16 illustrent différents types de fermetures possibles pour l'enceinte ; - les figures 17a et 17b illustrent le montage d'un module sur un palier d'alternateur. The solution allows the use of components The module can optionally attach the rear part (collector side) or front (pulley side) of the alternator, whether it is cooled by air or water. It can be in a separate electronic box. Other features and advantages of the invention will become apparent from the description which follows. This description is purely illustrative and not limiting. It should be read with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which figures 1a, 1b and 1c illustrate various possible rectifying arrangements output from an alternator; - Figure 2 is a schematic sectional representation illustrating a possible mounting of a diode on an insulated substrate; - Figure 3 is a schematic representation in plan view illustrating an electronic circuit having two zones, one isolated, the other uninsulated; FIGS. 4 and 5 illustrate two possible rectifier bridge arrangements; FIG. 6 is a representation of a circuit comprising a rectifier bridge and a regulator; FIGS. 7a and 7b are diagrammatic representations in section and in plan view illustrating a mounting of a half-bridge of diodes; FIG. 8 is a representation of a detail of the circuit of FIG. 6, without diodes; FIGS. 9a to 9c illustrate different types of connection possible with the phase inputs; - Figures 10 and 11 are schematic representations illustrating different types of grounding; FIGS. 12a and 12b illustrate various possible arrangements for the phase connection; - Figures 13a and 13b illustrate different possible connections possible connections with the output B +; - Figure 14 illustrates in sectional view a module comprising enclosure and cover closing thereof; FIG. 15a is a schematic representation illustrating the arrangement of a module; - Figure 15b shows a brush holder reported on this module; FIGS. 15c to 15e illustrate different types of connection means integrated into a enclosure wall of a module; - Figures 16a and 16 illustrate different types of possible closures for the enclosure; - Figures 17a and 17b illustrate the mounting of a module on an alternator bearing.

Dans une solution conforme à un mode de réalisation possible de l'invention, un module électronique comporte un substrat isolé qui porte un circuit qui intègre un pont redresseur, lequel est par exemple du type d'un de ceux représentés sur les figures 1 a, 1 b et 1 c. In a solution according to a possible embodiment of the invention, an electronic module comprises an insulated substrate which carries a circuit which integrates a rectifier bridge, which is for example of the type of one of those shown in FIGS. 1 b and 1 c.

Sur la figure 1a, le pont redresseur est constitué de deux demi- ponts de trois diodes chacun, l'un relié à la masse (demi-pont negatif N), l'autre relié à une borne de sortie (demi-pont positif P). Les diodes de ces demi-ponts N et P sont reliés aux trois sorties de phase (pi, (p3 de l'alternateur. In FIG. 1a, the rectifier bridge consists of two half-bridges of three diodes each, one connected to the ground (negative half-bridge N), the other connected to an output terminal (positive half-bridge P ). The diodes of these half-bridges N and P are connected to the three phase outputs (pi, (p3 of the alternator.

Sur la figure<B>lb,</B> les deux demi-ponts N et P sont constitués chacun quatre diodes, leurs diodes étant reliées aux sorties de phase (p1, (p2, (p3 de l'alternateur et au neutre (cas d'un bobinage stator en etoile). In the figure <B> lb, </ B> the two half-bridges N and P each consist of four diodes, their diodes being connected to the phase outputs (p1, (p2, (p3 of the alternator and to the neutral ( case of a star stator winding).

Sur la figure 1c, le pont redresseur est du type de celui représenté la figure 1 a et il est également prévu un demi-pont supplémentaire de trois diodes dont la sortie est par exemple injectée en entrée d'un regulateur associé à l'alternateur. In FIG. 1c, the rectifier bridge is of the type shown in FIG. 1a and there is also provided an additional half-bridge of three diodes whose output is for example injected at the input of a regulator associated with the alternator.

Les diodes utilisées pour constituer ces ponts redresseurs sont par exemple des diodes Zener ou haute tension, qui sont éventuellement encapsulées, mais qui sont préférentiellement des puces de diodes. The diodes used to constitute these rectifier bridges are for example Zener diodes or high voltage, which are optionally encapsulated, but which are preferably diode chips.

Le substrat isolé peut par exemple être réalisé par les différentes techniques suivantes - SMI (substrat métallique isolé), consistant en une semelle métallique recouverte d'un isolant polymère puis d'une feuille de matériau conducteur, qui est ensuite gravée pour former le circuit électrique ; - Sérigraphie sur acier inoxydable, consistant en une semelle en acier inoxydable recouverte d'un verre isolant puis d'une encre conductrice, le tout déposé par sérigraphie pour former le circuit électrique ; - Sérigraphie sur aluminium, consistant en une semelle en aluminium recouverte d'un isolant puis d'une encre conductrice, le tout déposé par sérigraphie pour former le circuit électrique ; - Sérigraphie sur céramique, consistant en une semelle en céramique recouverte d'encre conductrice déposée sérigraphie pour former le circuit électrique ; cette semelle céramique reportée sur un dissipateur en cuivre ou en aluminium ; technique dite "DBC" ou "Direct Bonded CoppeC selon la terminologie anglo-saxonne généralement utilisée par l'homme du métier, consistant en deux feuilles de conducteur pressées à chaud sur une plaque de céramique ; le conducteur est ensuite gravé pour former le circuit électrique et le tout est reporté, ainsi que l'illustre la figure 2, sur un dissipateur en cuivre ou en aluminium. Sur cette figure 2, le dissipateur en cuivre été référencé par 1, la plaque de céramique par 2, les pistes gravées par 3, et par 4 la feuille de conducteur interposée entre l'embase qui constitue le dissipateur en cuivre 1 et la plaque de céramique 2. The insulated substrate may for example be made by the following different techniques - SMI (insulated metal substrate), consisting of a metal sole covered with a polymer insulator and then a sheet of conductive material, which is then etched to form the electrical circuit ; - Screenprint on stainless steel, consisting of a stainless steel sole covered with an insulating glass and a conductive ink, all deposited by screen printing to form the electrical circuit; - Silkscreen on aluminum, consisting of an aluminum sole covered with an insulator and a conductive ink, all deposited by screen printing to form the electrical circuit; - Silkscreen on ceramic, consisting of a ceramic soleplate coated with conductive ink deposited silkscreen to form the electrical circuit; this ceramic sole carried on a copper or aluminum dissipator; technique known as "DBC" or "Direct Bonded CoppeC" according to the English terminology generally used by those skilled in the art, consisting of two conductor sheets pressed hot on a ceramic plate, the conductor is then etched to form the electrical circuit and the whole is reported, as shown in Figure 2, on a copper or aluminum dissipator.In this Figure 2, the copper sink has been referenced by 1, the ceramic plate by 2, the tracks etched by 3 , and by 4 the conductor sheet interposed between the base which constitutes the copper dissipator 1 and the ceramic plate 2.

Dans le cas des substrats à embase métallique, le substrat peut présenter des zones de conduction électrique sélectives pour réaliser le retour masse. C'est ce qu'illustre la figure 3 sur laquelle on a référencé par 5 une zone dans laquelle le circuit est isolé par rapport à l'embase métallique et par 6 une zone dans laquelle des connexions à l'embase métallique sont possibles. In the case of substrates with a metal base, the substrate may have selective electrical conduction zones to achieve the mass return. This is illustrated in FIG. 3, which is referenced by an area in which the circuit is insulated with respect to the metal base and by an area in which connections to the metal base are possible.

Dans le cas d'un substrat de type "DBC" ou Céramique, le retour de masse peut se faire par des vias métalliques qui traversent la semelle ou plaque de céramique. In the case of a "DBC" or ceramic type substrate, the mass return can be done by metal vias that pass through the soleplate or ceramic plate.

Le montage redresseur peut être réalisé en montant sur le circuit deux barrettes de diodes constituant chacune un demi-pont (figure 4). II peut aussi être réalisé en montant trois (quatre) éléments constituant chacun un bras de pont phase, chacun de ces éléments portant les deux diodes D reliées à une même phase (ou au neutre dans le cas où le pont redresseur comporte également un redressement du point neutre) (figure Le circuit comporte alors des liaisons pour relier les deux diodes portées un même élément respectivement à une piste de masse et à une piste d'alimentation à la tension de la batterie. The rectifier arrangement can be achieved by mounting on the circuit two diode strips each constituting a half-bridge (Figure 4). It can also be achieved by mounting three (four) elements each constituting a phase bridge arm, each of these elements carrying the two diodes D connected to the same phase (or neutral in the case where the rectifier bridge also comprises a rectification of the neutral point) (Figure The circuit then comprises links to connect the two diodes carried a same element respectively to a ground track and a power supply track to the battery voltage.

Les architectures illustrées sur les figures 4 et 5 peuvent bien entendu être dupliquées, de façon à disposer de ponts redresseurs à deux fois six (ou deux fois huit) diodes pour les machines de forte puissance. The architectures illustrated in FIGS. 4 and 5 can of course be duplicated, so as to have rectifier bridges at two times six (or twice eight) diodes for high-power machines.

Egalement, on peut braser plusieurs puces en parallèle, ce i permet de mettre le nombre de puces nécessaires pour s'adapter à thermique et au débit de l'alternateur.  Also, one can braze several chips in parallel, this i can put the number of chips needed to adapt to the thermal and the flow of the alternator.

Le montage précédemment décrit peut intégrer un montage régulateur sur le même substrat (figure 6) ou sur un substrat indépendant. Ce régulateur (R sur la figure 6) peut être réalisé avec une technologie hybride ou avec un circuit intégré ASIC (figure 6). The previously described assembly can integrate a regulator assembly on the same substrate (FIG. 6) or on an independent substrate. This regulator (R in FIG. 6) can be realized with a hybrid technology or with an ASIC integrated circuit (FIG. 6).

L'assemblage du circuit sur le substrat peut se faire de la façon suivante. The assembly of the circuit on the substrate can be done as follows.

Les trois ou quatre puces qui constituent les diodes D de chaque demi-pont sont brasées sur une pièce commune 7 en cuivre ou cuivre-invar- cuivre ou cuivre-carbone (figures 7a et 7b). Cette pièce 7 permet la conduction du courant vers la sortie B+ ou vers la masse tout en limitant pertes Joule. Elle permet aussi de maintenir la température des puces dessous de la température de jonction maximum en évacuant la chaleur vers le substrat. The three or four chips constituting the diodes D of each half-bridge are brazed to a common piece 7 made of copper or copper-invar-copper or copper-carbon (FIGS. 7a and 7b). This part 7 allows the conduction of the current to the output B + or to the ground while limiting Joule losses. It also keeps the temperature of the chips below the maximum junction temperature by evacuating heat to the substrate.

Pour chaque diode D, une pièce 8 en cuivre ou cuivre nickelé ou aluminium nickelé ou aluminium argenté est brasée sur le dessus de la puce pour permettre la connexion électrique et pour assurer la tenue des puces, notamment dans le cas où l'alternateur se déconnecte de la batterie et se décharge plein champ ("Load dump" selon la terminologie anglosaxonne généralement utilisée par l'homme du métier) (figure 7a et 7b). Cette pièce 8 joue le rôle de capacité thermique. For each diode D, a piece 8 made of nickel-plated copper or copper or nickel-plated aluminum or silver aluminum is brazed on top of the chip to allow the electrical connection and to ensure the holding of the chips, especially in the case where the alternator disconnects of the battery and discharges full field ("Load dump" according to the English terminology generally used by those skilled in the art) (Figure 7a and 7b). This piece 8 plays the role of heat capacity.

La pièce commune 7, sur laquelle sont brasées les trois ou quatre puces d'un demi-pont, est brasée ou collée sur une trace conductrice du substrat (piste 9). La trace conductrice 9 a donc un rôle de tenue et de fixation mécanique de ces pièces en plus de son rôle initial de conduction electrique. The common part 7, on which are soldered the three or four chips of a half-bridge, is brazed or bonded to a conductive trace of the substrate (lane 9). The conductive trace 9 thus has a role of holding and mechanical fixing of these parts in addition to its original role of electrical conduction.

Le montage de ces pièces (pièce commune sous les puces, pièce la puce et puce) sur le substrat peut être réalisé - en une fois, par refusion d'un alliage de brasure haute température (point de fusion > 290 C). The assembly of these parts (common part under chips, chip and chip part) on the substrate can be achieved - at once, by reflow of a high temperature solder alloy (melting point> 290 C).

- en deux fois par refusion d'un alliage haute température de chaque côté de la puce, puis par report de la pièce commune sur le substrat avec un alliage de brasure plus basse température (180 C < point de fusion < 250 C) ou par une colle conductrice électrique et thermique. Cette solution permet de réaliser les demi-ponts indépendamment de la chaîne d'assemblage du module (en interne ou en externe). in two times by remelting a high temperature alloy on each side of the chip, then by transfer of the common part on the substrate with a lower temperature solder alloy (180 ° C <melting point <250 ° C.) or by a conductive electrical and thermal adhesive. This solution makes it possible to make the half-bridges independently of the assembly line of the module (internally or externally).

On utilise un alliage haute température de chaque côté de la puce pour permettre l'utilisation à une température de jonction du composant maximale (200 C < Tjmax < 240 C). A high temperature alloy is used on each side of the chip to allow use at a junction temperature of the maximum component (200 C <Tjmax <240 C).

Les pistes conductrices du substrat peuvent être protégées par une couche protectrice pour faciliter les étapes du montage (isoler les zones de cablage des zones de brasage) et protéger le circuit des agents extérieurs. Sur la figure 8, on a référencé par ZP les zones protégées, ZC les zones de câblage, par ZB les zones de brasage. The conductive tracks of the substrate can be protected by a protective layer to facilitate the mounting steps (isolate the wiring areas of the soldering areas) and protect the circuit from external agents. In FIG. 8, the protected areas ZC, the wiring zones, and ZB refer to the brazing zones by ZP.

La connexion entre les entrées phase (p et les diodes D entre les traces et le régulateur peuvent être réalisées par câblage ultrasonique de fils métalliques F (figure 9a) ou par des lamelles L conformées pontet (figure 9b) ou par toute autre connexion. Dans le cas d'un pontet, il peut être prévue une pièce intermédiaire I entre une diode D et un pontet L (figure 9c). The connection between the phase inputs (p) and the diodes D between the traces and the regulator can be performed by ultrasonic wiring of metal wires F (FIG. 9a) or by diaphragm L shaped as a bridge (FIG. 9b) or by any other connection. the case of a trigger guard, it can be provided an intermediate part I between a diode D and a bridge L (Figure 9c).

Dans tous les cas, le ou les éléments de connexion sont dimensionnés pour assurer une tenue du pont redresseur en cas de "Load Dump". In all cases, the connection element or elements are dimensioned to ensure a holding of the bridge rectifier in case of "Load Dump".

Le câblage ultrasonique peut être réalisé directement sur la trace ou sur une pièce intermédiaire rapportée sur cette même trace, ceci afin de protéger le substrat de toute détérioration liée au câblage ultrasonique). retour de masse de la trace conductrice vers le palier de l'alternateur peut être réalisé par - ou plusieurs inserts métalliques INS, maintenus en appui sur la trace de masse TN par une vis traversant le ou les inserts et le substrat S (trou T) pour aller se visser dans le palier ou dans la pièce sur laquelle on fixera le substrat (figure 10). La vis peut être remplacée par un rivet. The ultrasonic cabling can be made directly on the trace or on an intermediate piece reported on this same trace, in order to protect the substrate from any deterioration related to the ultrasonic wiring). mass return of the conductive trace to the bearing of the alternator can be achieved by - or several INS inserts, held in abutment on the TN mass trace by a screw passing through the inserts and the substrate S (hole T) to go screw in the bearing or in the room on which one will fix the substrate (figure 10). The screw can be replaced by a rivet.

- une zone non isolée sur le substrat métallique (figure 11) ; la connexion entre cette zone et la trace conductrice peut être réalisée par brasage d'une pièce telle qu'une lamelle L formant pontet et/ou par câblage ultrasonique. an uninsulated area on the metal substrate (FIG. 11); the connection between this zone and the conductive trace can be achieved by brazing a part such as a slat L forming a bridge and / or ultrasonic wiring.

- un via à travers les substrats céramique ou "DBC". L'arrivée phase peut être quant à elle être réalisee - à l'aide de crochets CR directement fixés le substrat (figure 12a), - par câblage ultrasonique entre les crochets intégrés à un connecteur et des plots de câblage sur le substrat (figure 12b), par brasage des crochets intégrés au connecteur sur les plots du substrat - par soudure électrique entre les crochets integrés au connecteur et une pièce brasée sur le substrat. - via via the ceramic or "DBC" substrates. The arrival phase can be carried out - using CR hooks directly attached to the substrate (Figure 12a), - by ultrasonic wiring between the hooks integrated into a connector and wiring pads on the substrate (Figure 12b). ), by brazing the hooks integrated in the connector on the pads of the substrate - by electric welding between the hooks integrated in the connector and a brazed part on the substrate.

Le connecteur C est par exemple une pièce plastique ceinturant le substrat S La connexion entre les fils de phase issus du stator et ces crochets peut être réalisée par brasage ou soudure électrique ou sertissage à chaud ou sertissage à froid. The connector C is for example a plastic part surrounding the substrate S The connection between the phase wires coming from the stator and these hooks can be made by brazing or electric welding or hot crimping or cold crimping.

La connexion électrique vers la sortie B+ peut se faire (figure 13) - par câblage ultrasonique ou par brasage d'un pontet vers une borne B+ séparée du substrat, par exemple disposée dans un connecteur plastique dans lequel est surmoulée une trace métallique auquel le câblage filaire ou le pontet est relié (figure 13a), - par une borne intégrée à la pièce commune 7 du pont positif P (borne emmanchée ou rivetée ou par tout autre technique) (figure 13b). Le condensateur d'antiparasitage peut être intégré sur le substrat entre le B+ et la masse par collage ou brasage. II peut être remplacé par des condensateurs de capacité plus faible en parallèle, ce qui permet l'utilisation de composants CMS. The electrical connection to the B + output can be done (FIG. 13) - by ultrasonic wiring or soldering of a bridge to a terminal B + separated from the substrate, for example arranged in a plastic connector in which is molded a metal trace to which the wiring wire or the bridge is connected (Figure 13a) - by a terminal integrated to the common part 7 of the positive bridge P (terminal fitted or riveted or by any other technique) (Figure 13b). The suppression capacitor can be integrated on the substrate between the B + and the mass by gluing or brazing. It can be replaced by capacitors of lower capacity in parallel, which allows the use of CMS components.

Pour des raisons de tenue thermique, l'intégration du regulateur sur le même substrat que le redresseur peut être critique. II peut alors être implanté sur le connecteur ceinture ou dans un porte-balais séparé comme il existe actuellement. For reasons of thermal resistance, the integration of the regulator on the same substrate as the rectifier can be critical. It can then be implanted on the belt connector or in a separate brush holder as it currently exists.

La protection mécanique et chimique du substrat peut être réalisé par: - un gel hydrophobe, un connecteur ceinture et un capot ; c'est ce qui est illustré sur la figure 14, sur laquelle on a représenté d'une part un capot CA rapporté sur une ceinture C intégrant en l'occurrence connexion phase et d'autre part une protection des puces et pistes du circuit au moyen d'un gel de couverture CO ; - un gel hydrophobe et un capot - un surmoulage plastique. The mechanical and chemical protection of the substrate can be achieved by: - a hydrophobic gel, a belt connector and a cover; this is illustrated in FIG. 14, on which is shown on the one hand a cover CA reported on a belt C incorporating in this case phase connection and on the other hand a protection of the chips and tracks of the circuit at medium of CO cover gel; - a hydrophobic gel and a cover - a plastic overmolding.

Le gel peut être remplacé par un film ou tout autre produit convenant à la protection des circuits électroniques. The gel can be replaced by a film or any other product suitable for the protection of electronic circuits.

Le gel peut être facultatif si l'encapsulation est réalisée hermétiquement. The gel may be optional if the encapsulation is carried out hermetically.

Un connecteur en plastique peut être fixé sur le substrat par collage clipsage ou rivetage plastique ou vissage ou soudure plastique. A plastic connector can be attached to the substrate by gluing clipping or plastic riveting or screwing or plastic welding.

Le connecteur ceinture le substrat et peut avoir des traces surmoulées ou clipsées permettant - d'y fixer les fils de phase et d'amener le courant vers le substrat (exemple : figure 12) - d'assurer l'interface entre le régulateur et le porte-balais et entre le regulateur et la connectique client - le montage de la capacité de filtrage - la transmission du courant vers la batterie et le réseau de bord (borne intégrée à la trace) (exemple : figure 13). Un exemple de réalisation de connecteur ceinture C a été illustré sur la figure 15a. On a également représenté sur cette figure 15a les différentes interfaces de ce connecteur et du circuit qu'il entoure avec différents éléments situés au voisinage du palier arrière de l'alternateur. The connector seals the substrate and may have overmoulded or clipped traces allowing the phase wires to be fixed and the current to be fed to the substrate (example: FIG. 12) to provide the interface between the regulator and the brush holder and between the regulator and the customer connection - the mounting of the filtering capacity - the transmission of the current to the battery and the on-board network (terminal integrated in the trace) (example: figure 13). An exemplary embodiment of belt connector C has been illustrated in FIG. 15a. This figure 15a also shows the different interfaces of this connector and the circuit that it surrounds with different elements located in the vicinity of the rear bearing of the alternator.

En particulier, on a représenté sur la figure 15a l'axe du rotor de l'alternateur et un porte-balais PB destiné à être monté une trace surmoulée Tra qui s'étend en saillie à l'extérieur de la ceinture C. In particular, there is shown in Figure 15a the axis of the rotor of the alternator and a brush holder PB for mounting an overmolded trace Tra which protrudes outside the belt C.

Ainsi que l'illustre la figure 15b, le porte-balais PB présente deux trous de fixation 10a, 10b destinés à être traversés par des vis aptes à assurer la fixation du porte balais sur le palier arrière de l'alternateur. As illustrated in Figure 15b, the brush holder PB has two fixing holes 10a, 10b to be traversed by screws adapted to ensure the attachment of the brush holder on the rear bearing of the alternator.

L'une de ces deux vis (vis 11a sur la figure 15b) est passée à travers la trace Tra et assure la transmission au porte-balais du courant d'excitation généré par le régulateur R. One of these two screws (screw 11a in FIG. 15b) is passed through the trace Tra and ensures the transmission to the brush holder of the excitation current generated by the regulator R.

Elle est fixée sur la palier par l'intermédiaire d'un insert isolant. L'autre vis (vis 11 b sur la figure 15b) est totalement métallique et assure la mise à la masse. It is fixed on the bearing by means of an insulating insert. The other screw (screw 11b in Figure 15b) is completely metal and provides grounding.

En variante, le porte-balais pourrait être intégré au module protégé la ceinture. Alternatively, the brush holder could be integrated in the module protected the belt.

Par ailleurs, on a représenté sur les figures 15c et 15 d d'une part et la figure 15e d'autre part des formes de connecteurs pouvant être ménagés dans la ceinture du module qui peuvent être envisagés pour permettre de raccorder le circuit au reste du réseau électrique de la voiture afin de pouvoir échanger les informations. On the other hand, FIGS. 15c and 15d show, on the one hand, and FIG. 15e, on the other hand, forms of connectors that can be provided in the module belt that can be envisaged to allow the circuit to be connected to the rest of the module. electrical network of the car in order to exchange information.

Sur les figures 15c et 15d, la référence Trp désigne une trace du circuit repliée pour s'étendre dans la hauteur de la ceinture, puis dans le connecteur. In FIGS. 15c and 15d, the reference Trp denotes a trace of the folded circuit for extending into the height of the belt and then into the connector.

Ce connecteur ceinture peut être recouvert d'un capot, qui peut etre - une pièce rapportée sur le dessus (par exemple, collée ou soudée vissée) (figure 17a, sur laquelle on a référencé par PA le palier sur lequel le module est monté) , - une forme spécifique dans le capot de l'alternateur qui viendrait fermer le module lors de l'assemblage (figure 17b) ; un joint peut alors être ajouté dans le rainurage du capot pour parfaire l'étanchéité. This belt connector can be covered with a cover, which can be - an insert on the top (for example, glued or welded screwed) (Figure 17a, which is referenced by PA the bearing on which the module is mounted) a specific form in the alternator cover which would close the module during assembly (FIG. 17b); a seal can then be added in the groove of the cover to complete the seal.

Par ailleurs, le connecteur ceinture peut aussi être rempli par un produit durcissable. In addition, the belt connector can also be filled with a curable product.

Egalement, dans le cas ou les connexions sont fixées sur le substrat, la protection du module peut être réalisée par un capot plastique fixé au dessus ou par surmoulage (par exemple compression-transfert).  Also, in the case where the connections are fixed on the substrate, the protection of the module can be achieved by a plastic cover fixed above or overmolding (for example compression-transfer).

L'assemblage du module du module qui vient d'être décrit avec les éléments du palier arrière de l'alternateur se fait de la façon suivante. The assembly of the module of the module which has just been described with the elements of the rear bearing of the alternator is done as follows.

Le module peut être plaqué sur la palier ou sur un radiateur. II peut être monté sur un alternateur refroidi par air ou par eau. The module can be plated on the bearing or on a radiator. It can be mounted on an alternator cooled by air or water.

Le substrat S peut être plaqué sur toute sa surface ou localement, notamment sur des nervures NEV palier PA (figure 17a - 17b). On s'efforce d'avoir toujours de la matière sous les puces de puissance. The substrate S may be plated over its entire surface or locally, in particular on NEV bearing PA ribs (FIGS. 17a-17b). We try to always have material under the power chips.

Ces nervures NEV assurent refroidissement des puces via le palier PA. Egalement, il peut être prévu que des canaux de ventilation CAV traversent le palier. These NEV ribs provide chip cooling via the PA stage. Also, it can be provided that CAV ventilation channels pass through the bearing.

Le module est fixé par collage ou vissage. The module is fixed by gluing or screwing.

Dans le cas où la connectique client n'est pas intégrée au module porte-balais, celle-ci peut être intégrée au capot de l'alternateur qui comporte alors des traces surmoulées ou clipsées. Ceci permet d'avoir une architecture standardisée au niveau du module, le capot étant la seule pièce s'adaptant aux demandes client.In the case where the customer connectivity is not integrated in the brush holder module, it can be integrated into the alternator cover which then includes overmolded or clipped traces. This makes it possible to have a standardized architecture at the level of the module, the cover being the only part adapting to the customer requests.

Claims (17)

<U>REVENDICATIONS</U><U> CLAIMS </ U> 1. Module électronique pour alternateur de véhicule, notamment automobile, comportant un pont redresseur à éléments formant diodes caractérise en ce que ces éléments sont portés par un substrat isolé.1. Electronic module for a vehicle alternator, particularly an automobile, comprising a rectifier bridge with diode elements characterized in that these elements are carried by an insulated substrate. 2. Module selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que éléments formant diodes se présentent sous la forme de puces encapsulées.2. Module according to claim 1, characterized in that diode elements are in the form of encapsulated chips. 3. Module selon l'une des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce que le substrat isolé porte également des moyens de régulation.3. Module according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the insulated substrate also carries regulating means. 4. Module selon l'une des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce les éléments formant diodes sont portés par paire par des éléments qui définissent les branches du pont redresseur.4. Module according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the diode elements are carried in pairs by elements defining the branches of the rectifier bridge. 5. Module selon l'une des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce que les éléments formant diodes sont portés par des éléments qui définissent des demi-ponts redresseurs.5. Module according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the diode elements are carried by elements which define rectifier half-bridges. 6. Module selon la revendication 5, caractérisé en ce que les éléments formant diodes d'un demi-pont sont brasés sur une même pièce métallique rapportée sur une trace métallique du substrat.6. Module according to claim 5, characterized in that the diode elements of a half-bridge are soldered on the same metal part reported on a metal trace of the substrate. 7. Module selon la revendication 2 prise en combinaison avec l'une des revendications 5 ou 6, caractérisé en ce qu'une pièce métallique est brasée au dessus d'une puce formant diode.7. Module according to claim 2 taken in combination with one of claims 5 or 6, characterized in that a metal part is brazed over a diode chip. 8. Module selon l'une des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce qu'une pièce intermédiaire est interposée entre un élément formant diode et une connexion électrique.8. Module according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that an intermediate piece is interposed between a diode element and an electrical connection. 9. Module selon l'une des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce que le substrat comporte une zone non isolée.9. Module according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the substrate comprises a non-insulated area. 10. Module selon l'une des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce qu'il comporte une enceinte en un matériau plastique qui est portée par le substrat et qui entoure le circuit que porte le substrat.10. Module according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that it comprises an enclosure of a plastic material which is carried by the substrate and which surrounds the circuit that carries the substrate. 11. Module selon la revendication 10, caractérisé en ce que l'enceinte intègre des moyens de connectique. -11. Module according to claim 10, characterized in that the enclosure incorporates connection means. - 12. Module selon l'une des revendications 10 ou 11, caractérisé en ce qu'il comporte un capot apte à fermer l'enceinte.12. Module according to one of claims 10 or 11, characterized in that it comprises a cover adapted to close the enclosure. 13. Module selon l'une des revendications à 12, caractérisé en ce que l'enceinte intègre des moyens de connexion un porte-balais.13. Module according to one of claims 12, characterized in that the enclosure incorporates connection means a brush holder. 14. Module selon l'une des revendications 10 à 12, caractérisé en ce qu'il comporte un porte-balais.14. Module according to one of claims 10 to 12, characterized in that it comprises a brush holder. 15 Assemblage comportant un alternateur et un module électronique, caractérisé en ce que ce module est un module selon l'une des revendications précédentes.Assembly comprising an alternator and an electronic module, characterized in that this module is a module according to one of the preceding claims. 16. Assemblage selon la revendication 11, caractérisé en ce que le module est plaqué sur le palier arrière de l'alternateur.16. Assembly according to claim 11, characterized in that the module is plated on the rear bearing of the alternator. 17. Assemblage selon l'une des revendications 15 ou 16, caractérisé en ce que le refroidissement par eau ou par air de l'alternateur est apte à refroidir les éléments formant diodes.17. Assembly according to one of claims 15 or 16, characterized in that the cooling water or by air of the alternator is able to cool the diode elements.
FR9914124A 1999-02-26 1999-11-10 ELECTRONIC MODULE FOR A VEHICLE ALTERNATOR, PARTICULARLY A MOTOR VEHICLE, AND ASSEMBLY COMPRISING SUCH AN ALTERNATOR AND SUCH A MODULE Expired - Fee Related FR2800932B1 (en)

Priority Applications (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR9914124A FR2800932B1 (en) 1999-11-10 1999-11-10 ELECTRONIC MODULE FOR A VEHICLE ALTERNATOR, PARTICULARLY A MOTOR VEHICLE, AND ASSEMBLY COMPRISING SUCH AN ALTERNATOR AND SUCH A MODULE
ES00400512T ES2373092T3 (en) 1999-02-26 2000-02-25 ELECTRICAL MODULE FOR VEHICLE ALTERNATOR, IN PARTICULAR AUTOMOBILE, AND ASSEMBLY THAT INCLUDES SUCH ALTERNATOR AND SUCH MODULE.
EP20000400512 EP1032114B1 (en) 1999-02-26 2000-02-25 Electric module for vehicle alternator, in particular car alternator, and assembly featuring such an alternator and such a module

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

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FR9914124A FR2800932B1 (en) 1999-11-10 1999-11-10 ELECTRONIC MODULE FOR A VEHICLE ALTERNATOR, PARTICULARLY A MOTOR VEHICLE, AND ASSEMBLY COMPRISING SUCH AN ALTERNATOR AND SUCH A MODULE

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WO2003084026A1 (en) * 2002-03-28 2003-10-09 Robert Bosch Gmbh Regulator and rectifier for an electric machine and electric machine
DE10228666A1 (en) * 2002-06-27 2004-01-29 Robert Bosch Gmbh Regulator for electricity generator on internal combustion engine of road vehicle incorporates barrier separating two chambers in plastics housing and incorporates semiconductor chip
DE102011003896A1 (en) * 2011-02-10 2012-08-16 Robert Bosch Gmbh Electrical generator operating device for vehicle, has field controller for adjustment of exciting current of electrical generator, where rectifier and field controller are thermally coupled to common over-temperature protective device

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US4218694A (en) * 1978-10-23 1980-08-19 Ford Motor Company Rectifying apparatus including six semiconductor diodes sandwiched between ceramic wafers
US4232238A (en) * 1978-03-06 1980-11-04 Hitachi, Ltd. Rectifier assembly for AC generators for use with vehicles
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US4604643A (en) * 1980-09-04 1986-08-05 Tokyo Shibaura Denki Kabushiki Kaisha Semiconductor rectifier device
US4799309A (en) * 1987-12-24 1989-01-24 Ford Motor Company Method of making a rectifier and control module for an alternator

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US3979659A (en) * 1975-01-30 1976-09-07 Texas Instruments Incorporated Automotive alternator rectifier bridges
US4232238A (en) * 1978-03-06 1980-11-04 Hitachi, Ltd. Rectifier assembly for AC generators for use with vehicles
US4218694A (en) * 1978-10-23 1980-08-19 Ford Motor Company Rectifying apparatus including six semiconductor diodes sandwiched between ceramic wafers
US4604643A (en) * 1980-09-04 1986-08-05 Tokyo Shibaura Denki Kabushiki Kaisha Semiconductor rectifier device
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US4799309A (en) * 1987-12-24 1989-01-24 Ford Motor Company Method of making a rectifier and control module for an alternator

Cited By (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2003084026A1 (en) * 2002-03-28 2003-10-09 Robert Bosch Gmbh Regulator and rectifier for an electric machine and electric machine
US6954013B2 (en) 2002-03-28 2005-10-11 Robert Bosch Gmbh Controller and rectifier for an electrical machine, and electrical machine
DE10228666A1 (en) * 2002-06-27 2004-01-29 Robert Bosch Gmbh Regulator for electricity generator on internal combustion engine of road vehicle incorporates barrier separating two chambers in plastics housing and incorporates semiconductor chip
DE102011003896A1 (en) * 2011-02-10 2012-08-16 Robert Bosch Gmbh Electrical generator operating device for vehicle, has field controller for adjustment of exciting current of electrical generator, where rectifier and field controller are thermally coupled to common over-temperature protective device

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