FR2720280A1 - Respiratory mask for assisted ventilation - Google Patents

Respiratory mask for assisted ventilation Download PDF

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Publication number
FR2720280A1
FR2720280A1 FR9406468A FR9406468A FR2720280A1 FR 2720280 A1 FR2720280 A1 FR 2720280A1 FR 9406468 A FR9406468 A FR 9406468A FR 9406468 A FR9406468 A FR 9406468A FR 2720280 A1 FR2720280 A1 FR 2720280A1
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France
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frame
mask
face
mask according
user
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Granted
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FR9406468A
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French (fr)
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FR2720280B1 (en
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Mitouard Anne Le
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Individual
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Individual
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Priority to FR9406468A priority Critical patent/FR2720280B1/en
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    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61MDEVICES FOR INTRODUCING MEDIA INTO, OR ONTO, THE BODY; DEVICES FOR TRANSDUCING BODY MEDIA OR FOR TAKING MEDIA FROM THE BODY; DEVICES FOR PRODUCING OR ENDING SLEEP OR STUPOR
    • A61M16/00Devices for influencing the respiratory system of patients by gas treatment, e.g. mouth-to-mouth respiration; Tracheal tubes
    • A61M16/06Respiratory or anaesthetic masks
    • A61M16/0683Holding devices therefor

Abstract

The mask is made from a shell (2) of a supple material which fits over the patient's nose or nose and mouth, with an aperture (5) for attaching a tube and an annular reinforcing member (1) to ensure a close contact between the mask and face. Straps (6,7) hold the mask in place on the user's head. The reinforcing member (1) is attached to the outer surface of the mask shell and is made from a material which adapts to the shape of the face. It can be in the form of a pouch filled with a divided material with cohesion provided by subjecting the pouch to a vacuum, or it can be cut from a layer of a thermoplastic material. The fastening straps are attached to the mask so that they cross over as they pass around the patient's head.

Description

La présente invention concerne un masque respiratoire. The present invention relates to a respiratory mask.

Il n'est pas utile de rappeler les nombreuses circonstances dans lesquelles un masque respiratoire est nécessaire. It is not worth remembering the many circumstances in which a respiratory mask is necessary.

L'une d'elles cependant, est particulièrement importante du point de vue des contraintes qu'elle comporte : il s'agit de la ventilation mécanique de personnes souffrant d'insuffisances respiratoires chroniques ou temporaires, dans le cas, par exemple, de réanimation post-opératoire. One of them, however, is particularly important from the point of view of the constraints which it involves: it is the mechanical ventilation of people suffering from chronic or temporary respiratory insufficiencies, in the case, for example, of resuscitation postoperative.

Jusqu'à présent, la ventilation forcée de ces personnes est principalement réalisée par intubation intratrachéale, ce qui présente de nombreux inconvénients. En effet, le tube introduit dans les voies respiratoires supérieures est une source de traumatisme des muqueuses avec lesquelles il est en contact. Il constitue en outre une gène importante pour le patient qui ne peut pas parler donc facilement communiquer avec l'extérieur. Il est enfin la source de complications du genre surinfection de l'appareil respiratoire. Until now, the forced ventilation of these people is mainly carried out by intratracheal intubation, which has many disadvantages. Indeed, the tube introduced into the upper respiratory tract is a source of trauma to the mucous membranes with which it is in contact. It is also an important gene for the patient who cannot speak and therefore can easily communicate with the outside world. Finally, it is the source of complications such as superinfection of the respiratory system.

Plusieurs tentatives ont déjà vu le jour pour substituer à cette technique invasive une méthode plus douce, mettant en oeuvre un masque. Les masques actuellement proposés ne sont pas entièrement satisfaisants, soit du fait que l'étanchéité qu'ils assurent au niveau du visage est trop imparfaite (les fuites se produisent en général sous les yeux, avec risques de conjonctivites), soit parce que le contact entre masque et visage est tuméfiant ou donne naissance à des allergies ou irritations qui en interdisent le port prolongé ou nuisent au confort du malade. Several attempts have already been made to replace this invasive technique with a milder method, using a mask. The masks currently offered are not entirely satisfactory, either because the seal they provide on the face is too imperfect (leaks generally occur under the eyes, with the risk of conjunctivitis), or because contact between mask and face is swelling or gives rise to allergies or irritations which prohibit prolonged wearing or affect the comfort of the patient.

On a également proposé des masques à construire sur le visage même du malade à laide d'un matériau malléable mis en forme entre un embout de connection de la tubulure d'amenée du gaz et le visage en épousant étroitement la peau du visage. Ce matériel comporte l'inconvénient d'une mise en place longue ce qui est quelquefois rédhibitoire au regard de l'urgence de l'intervention. Masks have also been proposed to be built on the patient's face using a malleable material shaped between a connection end of the gas supply pipe and the face by closely fitting the skin of the face. This equipment has the disadvantage of a long installation which is sometimes prohibitive in view of the urgency of the intervention.

La présente invention entend pallier ces inconvénients au moyen d'un masque de structure simple qui peut être mis en service très rapidement, qui est confortable car léger et parfaitement adapté à la morphologie du visage, et qui satisfait aux exigences de stérilité et d'asepsie à respecter notamment dans les services de réanimations. The present invention intends to overcome these drawbacks by means of a mask of simple structure which can be put into service very quickly, which is comfortable because it is light and perfectly adapted to the morphology of the face, and which satisfies the requirements of sterility and asepsis. to be observed in particular in resuscitation services.

A cet effet l'invention a donc pour objet un masque comportant des moyens interposés entre une ouverture d'inspiration-expiration et au moins l'un des orifices nasal et buccal d'un usager pour assurer une connection étanche entre la tubulure et les voies respiratoires de ce dernier. To this end the invention therefore relates to a mask comprising means interposed between an inspiration-expiration opening and at least one of the nasal and oral orifices of a user to ensure a tight connection between the tubing and the channels respiratory tracts.

Selon l'invention, ces moyens comportent une armature étroite dont la forme dans l'espace est sensiblement en correspondance avec la partie du visage entourant le débouché des voies respiratoires et une garniture souple et épaisse, dont une partie centrale, couvrant le débouché des voies respiratoires, est en saillie à l'intérieur de l'armature et dont une partie périphérique est interposée entre l'armature et la partie susdite du visage, la partie centrale de la garniture possédant l'ouverture susdite tandis qu'un harnais de fixation du masque sur la tête de l'usager comporte des sangles fixées à l'armature.According to the invention, these means comprise a narrow frame whose shape in space is substantially in correspondence with the part of the face surrounding the outlet of the respiratory tract and a flexible and thick lining, including a central portion, covering the outlet of the tracks respiratory, protrudes inside the frame and a peripheral part of which is interposed between the frame and the above-mentioned part of the face, the central part of the lining having the above-mentioned opening while a harness for fixing the mask on the user's head has straps attached to the frame.

L'intérêt de disposer d'un masque en deux parties dont une armature fine, réside dans la facilité avec laquelle il est possible d'ajusteur le contour du masque à la morphologie du patient. The advantage of having a mask in two parts including a fine frame, lies in the ease with which it is possible to adjust the outline of the mask to the morphology of the patient.

Il existe plusieurs matériaux possibles pour la réalisation du masque de l'invention. Ainsi, l'armature peut être constituée par une poche pleine de matériau divisé dont la cohésion est assurée par une mise sous vide du contenu de la poche. There are several possible materials for making the mask of the invention. Thus, the frame can be constituted by a pocket full of divided material whose cohesion is ensured by placing the contents of the pocket under vacuum.

Elle peut être découpée dans une feuille de matière thermoplastique ou constituée par un simple fil ou feuillard métallique, cette armature étant soit collée sur la surface extérieure de la garniture soit noyée dans cette garniture. It can be cut from a sheet of thermoplastic material or constituted by a simple wire or metal strip, this reinforcement being either glued to the external surface of the lining or embedded in this lining.

Par ailleurs, l'armature constitue un moyen de répartition efficace des forces mises en jeu pour le maintien du masque au moyen d'un harnais formé de sangles entourant la tête du porteur. Furthermore, the frame constitutes an effective means of distributing the forces used to maintain the mask by means of a harness formed by straps surrounding the wearer's head.

D'autres caractéristiques et avantages de l'invention ressortiront de la description donnée ci-après de deux exemples de réalisation. Other characteristics and advantages of the invention will emerge from the description given below of two exemplary embodiments.

Il sera fait référence aux dessins annexés dans lesquels
la figure 1 est une vue schématique extérieure d'une première réalisation d'un masque conforme à l'invention appliqué sur le visage d'un utilisateur en couvrant le nez et la bouche de celui-ci,
- la figure 2 est une vue schématique extérieure d'une seconde réalisation d'un masque conforme à l'invention également appliqué sur le visage d'un utilisateur en ne couvrant que le nez de celui-ci.
Reference will be made to the accompanying drawings in which
FIG. 1 is a diagrammatic external view of a first embodiment of a mask according to the invention applied to the face of a user while covering his nose and mouth,
- Figure 2 is a schematic exterior view of a second embodiment of a mask according to the invention also applied to the face of a user by covering only the nose thereof.

En se reportant à la figure 1, on remarque que le masque de l'invention comporte une armature 1 et une garniture 2. La garniture 2 est en une matière qui présente une certaine souplesse élastique de manière à pouvoir se déformer légèrement lors de l'application du masque sur le visage du patient, par exemple en matière plastique souple qui peut être pleine ou alvéolaire et pourvue d'une peau pour assurer l'étanchéité du contact. L'épaisseur de cette garniture est suffisante pour que son application sur le visage au moyen de l'armature 2 ne blesse pas la peau. L'armature 1 a la forme générale d'un anneau à l'intérieur duquel la garniture 2 fait saillie. La forme de cet anneau est telle qu'elle correspond sensiblement au relief du visage entourant le débouché des voies respiratoires, ici le nez 3 et la bouche 4 du porteur. Le matériau de l'armature telle que représentée est un matériau en feuille par exemple de matière plastique thermoformée. Ce peut être une feuille ou un plat métallique mince pouvant être déformé à la main. On pourra également choisir un matériau synthétique qui est déformable sous l'effet d'une élévation de température modérée. Referring to Figure 1, we note that the mask of the invention comprises a frame 1 and a lining 2. The lining 2 is made of a material which has a certain elastic flexibility so as to be able to deform slightly during the application of the mask to the patient's face, for example of flexible plastic material which may be solid or cellular and provided with a skin to ensure the tightness of the contact. The thickness of this lining is sufficient so that its application to the face by means of the frame 2 does not injure the skin. The frame 1 has the general shape of a ring inside which the lining 2 projects. The shape of this ring is such that it corresponds substantially to the relief of the face surrounding the outlet of the respiratory tract, here the nose 3 and the mouth 4 of the wearer. The material of the frame as shown is a sheet material, for example of thermoformed plastic. It can be a thin sheet or metal dish that can be deformed by hand. We can also choose a synthetic material which is deformable under the effect of a moderate temperature rise.

A l'intérieur de l'armature, la garniture présente un orifice 5 pour son raccordement à une tubulure non représentée dans le cas où le masque est destiné à un patient souffrant d'une insuffisance respiratoire. Des sangles 6 et 7 permette d'appliquer fermement le masque contre le visage du patient. Ces sangles sont croisées et forment un harnais qui comporte une sangle supérieure 7 dont les extrémités sont solidaires de l'armature 1 en deux zones latérales symétriques situées sous le niveau des orifices respiratoires du patient (le nez 3 et la bouche 4) et une sangle inférieure 6 dont les extrémités sont solidaires de l'armature 1 en deux zones latérales symétriques situées au-dessus du niveau de ces orifices. Les sangles formeront, avec l'armature, des boucles ouvertes ou fermées, élastiques ou non, qui permettront de règler et/ou d'ajuster la force d'application du masque sur la face du patient. On notera la présence d'une entretoise 8 de maintien des deux sangles écartées l'une de l'autre, cette entretoise étant placée entre le point de croisement des sangles et l'oreille du porteur, afin que la sangle supérieure notamment ne blesse pas, après un usage prolongé, l'oreille sur laquelle sans l'entretoise, elle passerait. Inside the frame, the lining has an orifice 5 for its connection to a tube not shown in the case where the mask is intended for a patient suffering from respiratory failure. Straps 6 and 7 allow you to firmly apply the mask against the patient's face. These straps are crossed and form a harness which comprises an upper strap 7, the ends of which are integral with the frame 1 in two symmetrical lateral zones situated below the level of the patient's respiratory orifices (the nose 3 and the mouth 4) and a strap. lower 6 whose ends are integral with the frame 1 in two symmetrical lateral zones located above the level of these orifices. The straps will form, with the frame, open or closed loops, elastic or not, which will make it possible to adjust and / or adjust the force of application of the mask on the face of the patient. Note the presence of a spacer 8 for holding the two straps spaced from each other, this spacer being placed between the crossover point of the straps and the wearer's ear, so that the upper strap in particular does not injure , after prolonged use, the ear over which without the spacer, it would pass.

On comprend le double rôle de l'armature en forme d'anneau: elle constitue d'une part un adaptateur du masque à la forme du visage du porteur du fait de sa déformabilité et, après règlage, un répartiteur des efforts de compression de la garniture sur le visage engendrés par la tension des sangles du harnais. I1 en découle un confort accru pour le porteur car l'étanchéité est correctement réalisée et les efforts bien répartis, ce qui supprime les contusions locales.  We understand the double role of the ring-shaped frame: it constitutes on the one hand an adapter of the mask to the shape of the wearer's face due to its deformability and, after adjustment, a distributor of the compression forces of the trim on the face generated by the tension of the harness straps. I1 results in increased comfort for the wearer because the seal is correctly achieved and the forces well distributed, which eliminates local bruises.

L'armature peut être complètement séparée du la garniture et assemblée à cette dernière uniquement au moment de l'utilisation. Elle peut être rapportée sur la face extérieure de la garniture par simple collage, par exemple. Elle peut être enfin intégrée à la garniture : soit en étant noyée dans la périphérie du matériau de la garniture, soit en étant formée d'une poche de forme au voisinage du contour de la garniture, cette poche étant remplie d'un matériau pulvérulent qui, lorsqu'on le place sous vide, recouvre une cohérence qui lui confère une rigidité convenable pour constituer une armature. The frame can be completely separated from the trim and assembled with the latter only at the time of use. It can be attached to the outside of the lining by simple bonding, for example. Finally, it can be integrated into the lining: either by being embedded in the periphery of the lining material, or by being formed by a shaped pocket in the vicinity of the outline of the lining, this pocket being filled with a powdery material which , when placed under vacuum, covers a coherence which gives it a suitable rigidity to constitute a frame.

L'invention a été décrite ci-dessus dans son application à un masque respiratoire couvrant le nez et la bouche du porteur. The invention has been described above in its application to a respiratory mask covering the wearer's nose and mouth.

La figure 2 illustre avec les mêmes références l'application de l'invention à un masque ne couvrant que le nez de l'usager. L'armature sera ici encore plus étroite que celle décrite ci-dessus, notamment pour sa partie qui passe sous le nez et qui réalise l'étanchéité à ce niveau. FIG. 2 illustrates with the same references the application of the invention to a mask covering only the nose of the user. The frame here will be even narrower than that described above, in particular for its part which passes under the nose and which provides sealing at this level.

L'armature peut-être choisie dans le matériau le plus approprié, voire faire l'objet de l'emploi de plusieurs matériaux selon l'endroit où cette armature doit s'appuyer. Pour des applications autres que celles de la ventilation médicale, l'embout peut simplement constituer le support d'un filtre à particules ou chimique facilement échangeable. The frame can be chosen from the most appropriate material, or even be the subject of the use of several materials depending on where this frame is to be supported. For applications other than those of medical ventilation, the nozzle can simply constitute the support of an easily exchangeable particle or chemical filter.

Claims (9)

REVENDICATIONS 1 - Masque comportant des moyens interposés entre une ouverture (5) d'inspiratlon-expiration et au moins l'un des orifices nasal (3) et buccal (4) d'un usager pour assurer une connection étanche entre l'ouverture et les voies respiratoires du cet utilisateur, caractérisé en ce que ces moyens comportent une armature (1) annulaire dont la forme dans l'espace est sensiblement en correspondance avec la partie du visage entourant le débouché des voies respiratoires (3;4) et une garniture souple (2) et épaisse, dont une partie centrale, couvrant le débouché des voies respiratoires, est en saillie à l'intérieur de l'armature (1 > et dont une partie périphérique est interposée entre l'armature et la partie susdite du visage, la partie centrale de la garniture possédant l'ouverture (5) d'inspiration expiration de l'usager, un harnais (6,7) de fixation du masque sur la tête de l'usager comportant des sangles fixées à l'armature. 1 - Mask comprising means interposed between an opening (5) of inspiratlon-expiration and at least one of the nasal orifices (3) and buccal (4) of a user to ensure a tight connection between the opening and the airways of this user, characterized in that these means comprise an annular frame (1) whose shape in space is substantially in correspondence with the part of the face surrounding the outlet of the airways (3; 4) and a flexible lining (2) and thick, of which a central part, covering the outlet of the respiratory tract, protrudes inside the frame (1> and a peripheral part of which is interposed between the frame and the above-mentioned part of the face, the central part of the lining having the opening (5) of inspiration expiration of the user, a harness (6,7) for fixing the mask on the head of the user comprising straps fixed to the frame. 2 - Masque selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que la garniture (2) est fixée à l'armature (1) par sa face extérieure 2 - Mask according to claim 1, characterized in that the lining (2) is fixed to the frame (1) by its outer face 3 - Masque selon la revendication 1 ou la revendication 2, caractérisé en ce que l'armature (1) est dans un matériau de forme adaptable au contour du visage de l'usager qu'elle recouvre. 3 - Mask according to claim 1 or claim 2, characterized in that the frame (1) is in a material of adaptable shape to the contour of the face of the user that it covers. 4 - Masque selon la revendication 3, caractérisé en ce que l'armature (1) est constituée par une poche pleine de matériau divisé dont la cohésion est assurée par une mise sous vide du contenu de la poche. 4 - Mask according to claim 3, characterized in that the frame (1) is constituted by a pocket full of divided material whose cohesion is ensured by placing the contents of the pocket under vacuum. 5 - Masque selon la revendication 3, caractérisé en ce que l'armature (1) est découpée dans une feuille de matière thermoplastique. 5 - Mask according to claim 3, characterized in that the frame (1) is cut from a sheet of thermoplastic material. 6 - Masque selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce que le harnais (6,7) de fixation comporte une sangle supérieure (7) dont les extrémités sont solidaires de l'armature en deux zones latérales symé triques situées sous le niveau de l'orifice respiratoire (3,4) du porteur et une sangle inférieure (6) dont les ex trémités sont solidaires de la coque en deux zones latérales symétriques situées au-dessus du niveau de cet orifice (3,4). 6 - Mask according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the harness (6,7) for fixing comprises an upper strap (7) the ends of which are integral with the frame in two symmetrical lateral zones located under the level of the respiratory orifice (3,4) of the wearer and a lower strap (6) whose ends are secured to the shell in two symmetrical lateral zones situated above the level of this orifice (3,4). 7 - Masque selon la revendication 6, caractérisé en ce que les sangles du harnais se croisent de chaque côté du visage du porteur et en ce que le harnais possède une entretoise (8) d'écartement entre le point de croisement et l'oreille du porteur. 7 - Mask according to claim 6, characterized in that the harness straps cross on each side of the wearer's face and in that the harness has a spacer (8) between the crossing point and the ear of the carrier. 8 - Masque selon l'une des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce qu'il est destiné à recouvrir l'orifice nasal (3) d'un porteur. 8 - Mask according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that it is intended to cover the nasal orifice (3) of a wearer. 9 - Masque selon l'une des revendications 1 à 7, caractérisé en ce qu'il est destiné à recouvrir les orifices nasal (3) et buccal (4) d'un porteur.  9 - Mask according to one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that it is intended to cover the nasal (3) and buccal (4) orifices of a wearer.
FR9406468A 1994-05-27 1994-05-27 Respiratory mask. Expired - Fee Related FR2720280B1 (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR9406468A FR2720280B1 (en) 1994-05-27 1994-05-27 Respiratory mask.

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Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR9406468A FR2720280B1 (en) 1994-05-27 1994-05-27 Respiratory mask.

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FR2720280A1 true FR2720280A1 (en) 1995-12-01
FR2720280B1 FR2720280B1 (en) 1996-08-09

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US9962510B2 (en) 2005-10-25 2018-05-08 Resmed Limited Respiratory mask assembly
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US10058671B2 (en) 2001-10-22 2018-08-28 Resmed R&D Germany Gmbh Application device for a breathing mask arrangement
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US10166357B2 (en) 2006-12-15 2019-01-01 Resmed Limited Delivery of respiratory therapy with nasal interface
US10195385B2 (en) 2001-09-07 2019-02-05 Resmed Limited Forehead pad for respiratory mask
US10195384B2 (en) 2007-04-19 2019-02-05 Resmed Limited Cushion and cushion to frame assembly mechanism for patient interface
US10245404B2 (en) 2008-06-04 2019-04-02 Resmed Limited Patient interface systems
US10265489B2 (en) 2008-09-12 2019-04-23 Resmed Limited Foam-based interfacing structure
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US10646677B2 (en) 2003-12-31 2020-05-12 ResMed Pty Ltd Compact oronasal patient interface
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US10786642B2 (en) 2009-01-30 2020-09-29 ResMed Pty Ltd Patient interface structure and method/tool for manufacturing same
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