FR2665665A1 - Method for the production of tubular flexible elements made from strong fibres bonded by synthetic resin, these fibres being arranged around an inflatable flexible sheath (envelope), and elements obtained thereby - Google Patents

Method for the production of tubular flexible elements made from strong fibres bonded by synthetic resin, these fibres being arranged around an inflatable flexible sheath (envelope), and elements obtained thereby Download PDF

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Publication number
FR2665665A1
FR2665665A1 FR9010108A FR9010108A FR2665665A1 FR 2665665 A1 FR2665665 A1 FR 2665665A1 FR 9010108 A FR9010108 A FR 9010108A FR 9010108 A FR9010108 A FR 9010108A FR 2665665 A1 FR2665665 A1 FR 2665665A1
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Prior art keywords
hose
wicks
mandrel
winding
fibers
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Granted
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FR9010108A
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French (fr)
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FR2665665B1 (en
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Viellard Paul-Henri
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VIEILLARD PAUL HENRI
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VIEILLARD PAUL HENRI
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Priority to FR9010108A priority Critical patent/FR2665665B1/en
Priority to EP19910402168 priority patent/EP0470896A3/en
Publication of FR2665665A1 publication Critical patent/FR2665665A1/en
Priority to US08/077,899 priority patent/US5487806A/en
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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C53/00—Shaping by bending, folding, twisting, straightening or flattening; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C53/80—Component parts, details or accessories; Auxiliary operations
    • B29C53/82—Cores or mandrels
    • B29C53/821—Mandrels especially adapted for winding and joining
    • B29C53/824—Mandrels especially adapted for winding and joining collapsible, e.g. elastic or inflatable; with removable parts, e.g. for regular shaped, straight tubular articles
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C33/00—Moulds or cores; Details thereof or accessories therefor
    • B29C33/44—Moulds or cores; Details thereof or accessories therefor with means for, or specially constructed to facilitate, the removal of articles, e.g. of undercut articles
    • B29C33/48—Moulds or cores; Details thereof or accessories therefor with means for, or specially constructed to facilitate, the removal of articles, e.g. of undercut articles with means for collapsing or disassembling
    • B29C33/50—Moulds or cores; Details thereof or accessories therefor with means for, or specially constructed to facilitate, the removal of articles, e.g. of undercut articles with means for collapsing or disassembling elastic or flexible
    • B29C33/505—Moulds or cores; Details thereof or accessories therefor with means for, or specially constructed to facilitate, the removal of articles, e.g. of undercut articles with means for collapsing or disassembling elastic or flexible cores or mandrels, e.g. inflatable
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C53/00—Shaping by bending, folding, twisting, straightening or flattening; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C53/80—Component parts, details or accessories; Auxiliary operations
    • B29C53/82—Cores or mandrels
    • B29C53/821—Mandrels especially adapted for winding and joining
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29L—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS B29C, RELATING TO PARTICULAR ARTICLES
    • B29L2009/00—Layered products
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29L—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS B29C, RELATING TO PARTICULAR ARTICLES
    • B29L2031/00—Other particular articles
    • B29L2031/52—Sports equipment ; Games; Articles for amusement; Toys
    • B29L2031/5245—Rackets
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B63—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; RELATED EQUIPMENT
    • B63H—MARINE PROPULSION OR STEERING
    • B63H8/00—Sail or rigging arrangements specially adapted for water sports boards, e.g. for windsurfing or kitesurfing
    • B63H8/20—Rigging arrangements involving masts, e.g. for windsurfing
    • B63H8/21—Wishbones

Abstract

The method consists in slipping a flexible skin (casing) (17) over a rotationally driven mandrel (16), in winding, over this skin, rovings (18), (19), (20) of strong fibres impregnated with curable synthetic resin, and then in separating the skin (17) covered with the interlacing of rovings from the mandrel (16) by injecting, possibly, pressurised air into the hollow mandrel (16) pierced with holes (a). The invention applies in particular to the production of sports articles, such as a tennis racket, golf-club shaft, sailboard boom (wishbone), bicycle wheel rim, bicycle fork or frame tube or fishing rod. It may also be applied to the production of other products, such as the frames of aircraft seats.

Description

La présente invention concerne un procédé pour fabriquer des éléments tubulaires rectilignes ou de préférence coudés ou circulaires tels une raquette de tennis, une jante de roue de bicyclette, un tube de cadre ou de fourche de bicyclette, un manche de club de golf, une canne à pêche, une armature de siège d'avion, un wishbone de planche à voile, à partir d'enveloppes composites complexes composées de fibres de verre, de carbone, d'aramide ou autre préalablement imprégnées de résine thermodurcissable puis enroulées autour d'une enveloppe gonflable avant d'être introduites dans un moule. Ce procédé est particulièrement rapide donc économique car il peut être mis en oeuvre d'une façon répétitive à partir d'une machine d'enroulement filamentaire à commande numérique. Les figures 1 et 2 illustrent les méthodes classiques pour fabriquer ces enveloppes de fibres composites.The present invention relates to a method for manufacturing straight or preferably bent or circular tubular elements such as a tennis racket, a bicycle wheel rim, a bicycle frame or fork tube, a golf club handle, a cane. for fishing, an airplane seat frame, a windsurfing boom, from complex composite envelopes composed of glass fibers, carbon, aramid or other previously impregnated with thermosetting resin and then wrapped around a inflatable envelope before being introduced into a mold. This process is particularly fast and therefore economical because it can be implemented repeatedly from a filament winding machine with digital control. Figures 1 and 2 illustrate conventional methods for making these envelopes of composite fibers.

Ainsi la figure 1 présente le procédé classique de préparation par tressage de plusieurs couches superposées de fibres sèches de verre de carbone, ou autre autour d'un noyau élastique et compressible fait d'une mousse élastomère. Cette technique a pour avantage de permettre d'une part la préparation en continu sur des machines textiles de tressage de l'enveloppe et d'autre part une introduction facile dans les matrices des moules. Mais par contre il faut injecter de la résine dans les dits moules ce qui est une opération délicate qui nécessite des moules onéreux. Par ailleurs les fils de fibres sèches, lors de leur tressage sont torsadés ainsi lorsqu'ils seront plaqués contre le moule lors de la polymérisation de la résine ils auront tendance à laisser de petits vides conférant au produit moulé final un mauvais aspect de surface.On sait aussi que les machines de tressage en continu ne permettent pas de faire varier les angles de tressage d'une même couche à volonté. Cet inconvénient est particulièrement lourd lorsqu'il s'agit de fabriquer l'enveloppe destinée à constituer le cadre d'une raquette de tennis. On sait en effet que tous les points d'un bon cadre ne sont pas sollicités de la même façon: certains le sont plus en flexion qu'en torsion ou inversement. Ce procédé ne permet pas non plus de faire varier le nombre de couches de fibres selon les endroits de l'enveloppe.Enfin le noyau compressible en mousse autour duquel les tresses sont formées ne permet pas d'obtenir des pressions élevées pour plaquer les fibres sur les parois du moule ce qui limite la qualité du matériau composite obtenu en final après polymérisation
La figure 2 présente le second procédé classique de préparation par roulage autour d'un tube gonflable, par exemple en cellophane, préalablement introduit autour d'un mandrin rigide servant à faciliter le roulage de nappes et de tissus de fibres préalablement imprégnés de résine thermodurcissable. Les nappes préalablement découpées sont disposées à plat selon diverses orientations puis roulées les unes après les autres, de telle façon qu'elles soient superposées, autour de l'enveloppe de cellophane. Thus, FIG. 1 presents the conventional method of preparation by braiding of several superposed layers of dry fibers of carbon glass, or the like around an elastic and compressible core made of an elastomeric foam. This technique has the advantage of allowing, on the one hand, continuous preparation on textile machines for braiding the envelope and, on the other hand, easy introduction into the molds of the molds. However, it is necessary to inject resin into the said molds, which is a delicate operation which requires expensive molds. In addition, the dry fiber threads are twisted during their braiding so that when they are pressed against the mold during the polymerization of the resin they will tend to leave small voids giving the final molded product a poor surface appearance. also knows that continuous braiding machines do not allow the braiding angles of the same layer to be varied at will. This drawback is particularly serious when it comes to manufacturing the envelope intended to constitute the framework of a tennis racket. We know that all the points of a good frame are not stressed in the same way: some are more in flexion than in torsion or vice versa. This method also does not make it possible to vary the number of layers of fibers according to the locations of the envelope. Finally, the compressible foam core around which the braids are formed does not make it possible to obtain high pressures for pressing the fibers onto the walls of the mold which limits the quality of the composite material obtained in the end after polymerization
FIG. 2 shows the second conventional method of preparation by rolling around an inflatable tube, for example made of cellophane, previously introduced around a rigid mandrel serving to facilitate the rolling of sheets and fiber fabrics previously impregnated with thermosetting resin. The previously cut sheets are placed flat in various orientations and then rolled one after the other, so that they are superimposed, around the cellophane envelope.

Le mandrin rigide étant enlevé l'enveloppe composite est introduite dans les cavités d'un moule. On injecte alors sous forte pression, par exemple de l'air sous 15 kg/cm2, qui fera plaquer l'enveloppe sur les parois du moule alors chauffé pour faire polymériser la résine. On peut également, tel que décrit dans le brevet des États-Unis n0 4.070.020, introduire un mélange moussant lors de la polymérisation.The rigid mandrel being removed, the composite envelope is introduced into the cavities of a mold. Then injected under high pressure, for example air under 15 kg / cm2, which will press the envelope on the walls of the mold then heated to polymerize the resin. It is also possible, as described in US Pat. No. 4,070,020, to introduce a foaming mixture during the polymerization.

Ce second procédé présente également des inconvénients. En effet il est difficile de prédécouper exactement la bande de tissu ou de nappe à enrouler pour que les bords latéraux de celle-ci soient à l'aplomb rigoureux l'un de l'autre. En réalité on fait généralement en sorte que le bord extérieur chevauche légèrement le bord intérieur. I1 en résulte que les propriétés mécaniques de l'élément obtenu ne sont pas isotropes autour de l'axe de celui-ci. Le long de la génératrice sur laquelle se chevauchent les dits bords latéraux de la bande de tissu ou de nappe, l'élément tubulaire présente une plus grande rigidité. Par ailleurs, les couches de tissu superposées, lorsque la résine qui les imprègne est polymérisée, ont tendance à se délaminer sous les efforts et les flexions répétés.On sait aussi que lors de l'introduction de l'enveloppe dans la cavité du moule, les couches superposées de nappes et de tissus ont une tendance naturelle à se dérouler ce qui ne permet pas d'obtenir des produits de qualité absolument constante. Également lors de cette introduction dans le moule, des plis se forment à l'intérieur du rayon de courbure alors que les nappes sont tendues à l'extérieur. I1 en résulte une moindre résistance de l'enveloppe polymérisée finale. Enfin, il est clair qu'il est également impossible de faire varier en tous points de l'enveloppe les angles des fibres composant les couches de nappes déposées.This second method also has drawbacks. In fact, it is difficult to precisely pre-cut the strip of fabric or tablecloth to be rolled up so that the lateral edges of the latter are plumb with each other. In reality, we generally make sure that the outer edge slightly overlaps the inner edge. As a result, the mechanical properties of the element obtained are not isotropic around the axis of the latter. Along the generatrix on which the said lateral edges of the strip of fabric or tablecloth overlap, the tubular element has greater rigidity. In addition, the superimposed layers of fabric, when the resin which impregnates them is polymerized, tend to delaminate under repeated efforts and flexions. We also know that during the introduction of the envelope into the mold cavity, the superimposed layers of tablecloths and fabrics have a natural tendency to unfold which does not allow products of absolutely constant quality to be obtained. Also during this introduction into the mold, folds are formed inside the radius of curvature while the plies are stretched outside. This results in a lower resistance of the final polymerized envelope. Finally, it is clear that it is also impossible to vary the angles of the fibers making up the layers of plies deposited at all points of the envelope.

La présente invention a pour objet de remédier aux inconvénients des méthodes connues rappelées ci-dessus.The object of the present invention is to remedy the drawbacks of the known methods mentioned above.

Conformément à l'invention on propose un procédé qui consiste à enrouler des mèches de fibres résistantes de verre, de carbone, d'aramide ou autres, imprégnées de résine synthétique durcissable autour d'une enveloppe étanche gonflable, par exemple en cellophane ou en polypropjlène, elle-même habillant un mandrin rigide destiné à être enlevé après l'opération d'enroulement filamentaire menée sur une machine automatique.In accordance with the invention, a method is proposed which consists of winding locks of resistant fibers of glass, carbon, aramid or the like, impregnated with curable synthetic resin around an inflatable waterproof envelope, for example made of cellophane or polypropylene. , itself dressing a rigid mandrel intended to be removed after the filament winding operation carried out on an automatic machine.

Ce procédé permet de déposer selon des angles variables des mèches de fibres préimprégnées de résine. Le complexe formé de fibres entrelacées et imprégnées de résine étant séparé de son mandrin rigide peut être alors introduit dans la cavité d'un moule.This process makes it possible to deposit, at variable angles, strands of fibers pre-impregnated with resin. The complex formed of intertwined fibers impregnated with resin being separated from its rigid mandrel can then be introduced into the cavity of a mold.

L'air ou un gaz neutre, sous forte pression, est alors introduit dans le boyau gonflable venant plaquer les mèches de fibres sur les parois du moule alors chauffé pour faire polymériser la résine de preimpregnation. Air or a neutral gas, under high pressure, is then introduced into the inflatable hose from which the strands of fibers are pressed against the walls of the mold, which is then heated to polymerize the preimpregnation resin.

On remarquera que le procédé selon l'invention permet de faire varier à volonté les qualités de flexion et, ou, de résistance à l'écrasement d'un tel élément tubulaire. En effet, il est ici possible d'agir sur le pas des dits enroulements soit pendant un enroulement dans un sens déterminé, soit entre deux enroulements consécutifs de sens opposé. De plus, il est possible d'utiliser successivement des mèches de fibres de qualités mécaniques différentes.It will be noted that the method according to the invention makes it possible to vary at will the qualities of bending and, or, of crushing resistance of such a tubular element. Indeed, it is here possible to act on the pitch of said windings either during a winding in a determined direction, or between two consecutive windings in opposite direction. In addition, it is possible to successively use wicks of fibers of different mechanical qualities.

Bien entendu, il est également possible de jouer avec le nombre des dits enroulements croisés et superposés. Ainsi, selon l'invention, on obtient un élément tubulaire souple avant polymérisation, présentant après étuvage des qualités de flexion et de résistance au délaminage et à ltécrasement, remarquable en ce qu'il est constitué par un entrelacs de mèches de fibres hélicoïdales pouvant être croisées selon des angles différents formant une surface tubulaire sans lacune. Une bande de mèches formant un ruban de fibres unidirectionnellement orientées peut être placée selon une génératrice de l'enveloppe lui conférant en cette ligne une plus grande rigidité après gélification de la résine.Enfin selon la figure 5 on peut réaliser deux opérations d'enroulement filamentaire de deux fibres différentes superposées formant en une partie seulement de Enveloppe un complexe composite de deux couches.Of course, it is also possible to play with the number of said crossed and superimposed windings. Thus, according to the invention, a flexible tubular element is obtained before polymerization, having after baking qualities of flexion and resistance to delamination and crushing, remarkable in that it is constituted by an interlacing of wicks of helical fibers which can be crossed at different angles forming a tubular surface without gaps. A strip of wicks forming a ribbon of unidirectionally oriented fibers can be placed along a generatrix of the envelope giving it in this line greater rigidity after gelation of the resin. Finally according to FIG. 5, two filament winding operations can be carried out of two different superimposed fibers forming in only part of the envelope a composite complex of two layers.

Les objectifs et avantages précités de l'invention ainsi que d'autres apparaltront clairement d'après les descriptions suivantes données à titre d'exemples indicatifs mais nullement limitatifs en référence aux dessins annexés, dans lesquels: - la figure 1 est une vue schématique du procédé connu de préparation de l'enveloppe par superposition de tresses (1), (2) et (3) tissées par machine autour d'un noyau (4) de mousse compressible.The aforementioned objectives and advantages of the invention, as well as others, will emerge clearly from the following descriptions given by way of indicative examples but in no way limitative with reference to the appended drawings, in which: - Figure 1 is a schematic view of known process for preparing the envelope by superimposing braids (1), (2) and (3) woven by machine around a core (4) of compressible foam.

- la figure 2 est une vue schématique du procédé connu de préparation de l'enveloppe par roulage de nappes (5), (6) et (7) autour d'un boyau (8) en cellophane transparente gonflable lui-même enveloppant le mandrin (9) permettant le roulage des nappes et destiné à être chassé avant introduction de l'enveloppe dans le moule, ~les figures 3, 4 et 5 présentent en vue schématique diverses réalisations du procédé de préparation de l'enveloppe conforme à l'invention.- Figure 2 is a schematic view of the known method of preparing the envelope by rolling plies (5), (6) and (7) around a hose (8) made of transparent inflatable cellophane itself enveloping the mandrel (9) allowing the rolling of the sheets and intended to be driven out before introduction of the envelope into the mold, ~ Figures 3, 4 and 5 show in schematic view various embodiments of the method of preparing the envelope according to the invention .

Conformément à l'invention, on propose ainsi un procédé rapide et économique faisant appel à peu de main d'oeuvre pour fabriquer l'enveloppe de fibres de verre, de carbone, d'aramide, préimprégnées de résine qui introduite dans un moule permettra de réaliser un élément tubulaire éventuellement non rectiligne telle une raquette de tennis, une jante de roue de bicyclette, un tube de cadre ou de fourche de bicyclette, un manche de club de golf, une canne à pêche, une armature de siège d'avion, un wishbone de planche à voile.  In accordance with the invention, a rapid and economical process is thus proposed which requires little labor to manufacture the envelope of glass fibers, carbon, aramid, prepregs of resin which introduced into a mold will make it possible to make a tubular element which may not be straight such as a tennis racket, a bicycle wheel rim, a bicycle frame or fork tube, a golf club handle, a fishing rod, an airplane seat frame, a windsurfing wishbone.

En référence à la figure 3, on enroule une mèche (10) en fibres de carbone autour d'un boyau (11) en cellophane étanche, gonflable, lui-même préalablement introduit sur un mandrin d'entraînement (12) creux destiné à être enlevé lorsque l'opération d'enroulement de la mèche (10) sera terminée le boyau (11) étant complètement recouvert. Pour faciliter l'opération de déshabillage du mandrin creux (12) celui-ci est perforé de trous (a) qui laisseront passer de l'air sous pression venant décoller l'enveloppe gonflable plaquée par la pression des fils enroulés (10).Referring to FIG. 3, a wick (10) of carbon fibers is wound around a hose (11) made of airtight, airtight cellophane, itself previously introduced on a hollow drive mandrel (12) intended to be removed when the winding operation of the wick (10) is complete the hose (11) being completely covered. To facilitate the undressing operation of the hollow mandrel (12), the latter is perforated with holes (a) which will allow pressurized air to pass through, taking off the inflatable envelope plated by the pressure of the wound wires (10).

En se référant à la figure 4, on peut voir sur l'enveloppe en préparation que la mèche (15) est déposée selon des angles différents (I Sa), (15b), (15c), qui sont obtenus en faisant varier la vitesse de rotation du mandrin creux d'entraînement (12) lors de la dépose de la mèche le long du mandrin à vitesse constante autour du boyau (11) le recouvrant.Referring to Figure 4, we can see on the envelope in preparation that the wick (15) is deposited at different angles (I Sa), (15b), (15c), which are obtained by varying the speed of rotation of the hollow drive mandrel (12) during the removal of the bit along the mandrel at constant speed around the hose (11) covering it.

On peut voir aussi que le ruban (14) de mèches de fibres unidirectionnelles, en carbone par exemple, qui a été posé après un arrêt de l'opération d'enroulement, est pincé sur le boyau de cellophane entre la mèche (13) et la mèche (15) bobinée après arrêt. La bande (14) de fibres unidirectionnelles se trouve ainsi maintenue en position le long du complexe et, après polymérisation confèrera des caractéristiques mécaniques particulières.We can also see that the ribbon (14) of wicks of unidirectional fibers, in carbon for example, which was laid after stopping the winding operation, is pinched on the cellophane hose between the wick (13) and the wick (15) wound after stopping. The strip (14) of unidirectional fibers is thus held in position along the complex and, after polymerization, will confer particular mechanical characteristics.

La figure 5 illustre une variante préférée de réalisation qui rassemble les plus nombreux avantages du procédé selon l'invention. Ainsi après avoir habillé le mandrin creux (I 6), perforé de trous (a) qui serviront lors du déshabillage de l'enveloppe composite, d'un boyau (17) souple et résistant par exemple en cellophane ou en polypropylènes on enroule la fibre (18) en carbone, par exemple, autour du mandrin habillé.FIG. 5 illustrates a preferred variant embodiment which brings together the most numerous advantages of the method according to the invention. Thus after having dressed the hollow mandrel (I 6), perforated with holes (a) which will be used during the stripping of the composite envelope, of a flexible and resistant hose (17) for example made of cellophane or polypropylenes, the fiber is wound up. (18) in carbon, for example, around the dressed mandrel.

La mèche de fibres (18) est enroulée, au cours de quatre passages aller et retour, sur une partie centrale du complexe.The wick of fibers (18) is wound, during four round trips, on a central part of the complex.

La vitesse de rotation du mandrin a varié de telle façon que les angles de dépose de la mèche par rapport à l'axe du mandrin sont différents ainsi qu'expliqué sur la figure 4.The speed of rotation of the mandrel varied so that the angles of deposit of the drill bit relative to the axis of the mandrel are different as explained in FIG. 4.

On observe qu'en début (18) et en fin (19) de parcours, la mèche est enroulée perpendiculairement à l'axe du mandrin venant ainsi comprimer fortement l'enveloppe (17) sur le mandrin (16). Le déshabillage de l'enveloppe composite avant son introduction dans le moule pour polymérisation, lorsque ltopération d'enroulement sera achevée, sera facilitée par introduction d'air sous pression dans le mandrin creux (16), qui viendra décoller celle-ci aux niveaux des trous (a).It is observed that at the start (18) and at the end (19) of the course, the wick is wound perpendicularly to the axis of the mandrel thereby strongly compressing the envelope (17) on the mandrel (16). The undressing of the composite envelope before its introduction into the mold for polymerization, when the winding operation is completed, will be facilitated by introduction of pressurized air into the hollow mandrel (16), which will come to take off it at the levels of holes (a).

Venant se superposer à l'enroulement de la mèche (18), une mèche (20) sera enroulée tout le long de la gaine gonflable venant parachever l'enveloppe composite.  Coming to overlap the winding of the wick (18), a wick (20) will be wound along the inflatable sheath completing the composite envelope.

Cette disposition des mèches superposées en certains endroits de l'enveloppe, et de plus selon des angles différents, est particulièrement intéressante par exemple dans la fabrication d'une raquette de tennis pour faire varier la résistance selon les zones car tous les points du tamis ne sont pas sollicités par des efforts comparables. This arrangement of the wicks superimposed in certain places of the envelope, and moreover at different angles, is particularly advantageous for example in the manufacture of a tennis racket to vary the resistance according to the zones because all the points of the sieve do not are not solicited by comparable efforts.

Claims (10)

REVENDICATIONS 1) Procédé pour la réalisation d'un élément souple tubulaire destiné à être moulé selon lequel on enroule des mèches de fibres résistantes (10), (13), (15), (18), (19), (20) imprégnées de résine synthétique durcissable autour d'un boyau souple gonflable (11), (17) caractérisé en ce qu'on enfile le boyau souple (11), (17) sur un mandrin rigide (12), (16) entraîné mécaniquement en rotation et en ce que l'on bobine les mèches de fibres résistantes sur le boyau avant de séparer du mandrin l'élément souple tubulaire ainsi obtenu. 1) Method for producing a flexible tubular element intended to be molded, according to which strands of resistant fibers (10), (13), (15), (18), (19), (20) impregnated with synthetic resin curable around an inflatable flexible hose (11), (17) characterized in that the flexible hose is threaded (11), (17) on a rigid mandrel (12), (16) mechanically rotated and in that the strands of resistant fibers are wound on the hose before separating from the mandrel the tubular flexible element thus obtained. 2) Procédé selon la revendication 1 caractérisé en ce que le mandrin d'enroulement (12),2) Method according to claim 1 characterized in that the winding mandrel (12), (16) est creux et percé de trous (a) permettant à un gaz sous pression de décoller le boyau (11), (17) plaqué par les mèches (10), (13), (15), (18), (19), (20) enroulées afin de permettre de retirer le mandrin du boyau. (16) is hollow and pierced with holes (a) allowing a pressurized gas to take off the hose (11), (17) plated by the wicks (10), (13), (15), (18), ( 19), (20) rolled up to allow the mandrel to be removed from the hose. 3) Procédé selon la revendication 1 ou la revendication 2 caractérisé en ce que le pas d'enroulement des mèches imprégnées (10), (13), (15), (18), (19), (20) sur le boyau3) Method according to claim 1 or claim 2 characterized in that the winding pitch of the impregnated wicks (10), (13), (15), (18), (19), (20) on the hose (11), (17) est constant, les spires formées par les mèches de fibre restant jointives. (11), (17) is constant, the turns formed by the wicks of fiber remaining contiguous. 4) Procédé selon la revendication 1 ou la revendication 2 caractérisé en ce que le pas d'enroulement des mèches imprégnées (10), (13), (15), (18), (19), (20) sur le boyau (11), (17) n'est pas constant, les spires formées par les mèches de fibre restant jointives.4) Method according to claim 1 or claim 2 characterized in that the winding pitch of the impregnated wicks (10), (13), (15), (18), (19), (20) on the hose ( 11), (17) is not constant, the turns formed by the wicks of fiber remaining contiguous. 5) Procédé selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 4 caractérisé en ce qu'une bande (14) de fibres jointives orientées selon la génératrice du boyau (11) est pincée entre celui-ci et les enroulements des mèches imprégnées (13) et (15). 5) Method according to any one of claims 1 to 4 characterized in that a strip (14) of contiguous fibers oriented along the generatrix of the hose (11) is clamped between the latter and the windings of the impregnated wicks (13) and (15). 6) Procédé selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 5 caractérisé en ce qu'un premier enroulement de mèches de fibres (18), (19) est pratiqué sur une partie seulement du boyau (17).6) Method according to any one of claims 1 to 5 characterized in that a first winding of wicks of fibers (18), (19) is formed on only part of the hose (17). 7) Procédé selon la revendication 6 caractérisé en ce qu'un deuxième enroulement (20) de mèches de fibres est superposé au premier enroulement (18), (19) sur une partie seulement du boyau (17).  7) Method according to claim 6 characterized in that a second winding (20) of wicks of fibers is superimposed on the first winding (18), (19) on only part of the hose (17). 8) Élément tubulaire souple caractérisé en ce qu'il est obtenu par le procédé défini à l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 7.8) flexible tubular element characterized in that it is obtained by the process defined in any one of claims 1 to 7. 9) Élément tubulaire rigide de forme rectiligne, coudée ou circulaire caractérisé en ce qu'il est obtenu après moulage gonflage et étuvage de ltélément souple selon la revendication 8.9) Rigid tubular element of rectilinear, bent or circular shape characterized in that it is obtained after inflation molding and steaming of the flexible element according to claim 8. 10) Élément tubulaire rigide selon la revendication 9 caractérisé en ce qu'il constitue un article de sport tel qu'une raquette de tennis, un manche de club de golf, un wishbone de planche à voile, une jante de roue de bicyclette, un tube de cadre ou de fourche de bicyclette ou une canne à pêche. 10) Rigid tubular element according to claim 9 characterized in that it constitutes a sporting article such as a tennis racket, a golf club handle, a windsurfing boom, a bicycle wheel rim, a bicycle frame or fork tube or fishing rod.
FR9010108A 1990-08-08 1990-08-08 PROCESS FOR THE PRODUCTION OF FLEXIBLE TUBULAR ELEMENTS MADE OF RESISTANT FIBERS LINKED BY SYNTHETIC RESIN ARRANGED AROUND A FLEXIBLE INFLATABLE BODY AND COMPONENTS THUS OBTAINED. Expired - Fee Related FR2665665B1 (en)

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FR9010108A FR2665665B1 (en) 1990-08-08 1990-08-08 PROCESS FOR THE PRODUCTION OF FLEXIBLE TUBULAR ELEMENTS MADE OF RESISTANT FIBERS LINKED BY SYNTHETIC RESIN ARRANGED AROUND A FLEXIBLE INFLATABLE BODY AND COMPONENTS THUS OBTAINED.
EP19910402168 EP0470896A3 (en) 1990-08-08 1991-08-02 Method for producing a flexible resin impregnated tubular article
US08/077,899 US5487806A (en) 1990-08-08 1993-06-18 Method for embodying a flexible tubular element impregnated with resin to be subsequently moulded

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FR9010108A FR2665665B1 (en) 1990-08-08 1990-08-08 PROCESS FOR THE PRODUCTION OF FLEXIBLE TUBULAR ELEMENTS MADE OF RESISTANT FIBERS LINKED BY SYNTHETIC RESIN ARRANGED AROUND A FLEXIBLE INFLATABLE BODY AND COMPONENTS THUS OBTAINED.

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FR2716377A1 (en) * 1994-02-24 1995-08-25 Wilson Sporting Goods Frame for game racket in fiber reinforced thermoplastic, wound in filament.
US5540877A (en) * 1994-02-24 1996-07-30 Wilson Sporting Goods Co. Method of making a continous fiber reinforced resin transfer molded frame for a game racquet
US5575881A (en) * 1994-02-24 1996-11-19 Wilson Sporting Goods Co. Filament wound frame for a game racquet
EP0795456A3 (en) * 1996-01-26 1998-06-17 Toho Rayon Co., Ltd. Steering wheel and method of manufacture
US6422958B1 (en) 1994-02-24 2002-07-23 David W. Repetto Frame for a game racquet formed by filament winding

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR2716377A1 (en) * 1994-02-24 1995-08-25 Wilson Sporting Goods Frame for game racket in fiber reinforced thermoplastic, wound in filament.
US5540877A (en) * 1994-02-24 1996-07-30 Wilson Sporting Goods Co. Method of making a continous fiber reinforced resin transfer molded frame for a game racquet
US5575875A (en) * 1994-02-24 1996-11-19 Wilson Sporting Goods Co. Filament wound fiber reinforced thermoplastic frame for a game racquet
US5575881A (en) * 1994-02-24 1996-11-19 Wilson Sporting Goods Co. Filament wound frame for a game racquet
US6422958B1 (en) 1994-02-24 2002-07-23 David W. Repetto Frame for a game racquet formed by filament winding
EP0795456A3 (en) * 1996-01-26 1998-06-17 Toho Rayon Co., Ltd. Steering wheel and method of manufacture
US5899118A (en) * 1996-01-26 1999-05-04 Toho Rayon Co., Ltd. Steering wheel and method of manufacture

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