FR2568377A1 - Hall-effect speed sensor built into a rotating machine. - Google Patents

Hall-effect speed sensor built into a rotating machine. Download PDF

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Publication number
FR2568377A1
FR2568377A1 FR8411797A FR8411797A FR2568377A1 FR 2568377 A1 FR2568377 A1 FR 2568377A1 FR 8411797 A FR8411797 A FR 8411797A FR 8411797 A FR8411797 A FR 8411797A FR 2568377 A1 FR2568377 A1 FR 2568377A1
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FR
France
Prior art keywords
speed sensor
hall
magnets
rotating machine
stator
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Pending
Application number
FR8411797A
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French (fr)
Inventor
Jean-Louis Fondin
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Jouan SA
Original Assignee
Jouan SA
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Jouan SA filed Critical Jouan SA
Priority to FR8411797A priority Critical patent/FR2568377A1/en
Publication of FR2568377A1 publication Critical patent/FR2568377A1/en
Pending legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • GPHYSICS
    • G01MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01PMEASURING LINEAR OR ANGULAR SPEED, ACCELERATION, DECELERATION, OR SHOCK; INDICATING PRESENCE, ABSENCE, OR DIRECTION, OF MOVEMENT
    • G01P3/00Measuring linear or angular speed; Measuring differences of linear or angular speeds
    • G01P3/42Devices characterised by the use of electric or magnetic means
    • G01P3/44Devices characterised by the use of electric or magnetic means for measuring angular speed
    • G01P3/48Devices characterised by the use of electric or magnetic means for measuring angular speed by measuring frequency of generated current or voltage
    • G01P3/481Devices characterised by the use of electric or magnetic means for measuring angular speed by measuring frequency of generated current or voltage of pulse signals
    • G01P3/487Devices characterised by the use of electric or magnetic means for measuring angular speed by measuring frequency of generated current or voltage of pulse signals delivered by rotating magnets

Abstract

The invention relates to a speed sensor for a rotating machine. The sensor comprises a plurality of magnets 24 fixed at regular intervals and with a defined polarity direction, on the fins of the internal fan 22 of the motor, and a Hall-effect cell 28 securely mounted on the stator on the side of the fan and at a short distance from the path of the magnets during the rotation.

Description

Capteur de vitesse à effet Hall incorporé dans
une machine tournante.
Hall effect speed sensor incorporated in
a rotating machine.

La présente invention concerne un capteur de vitesse à effet Hall incorporé dans une machine tournante. The present invention relates to a Hall effect speed sensor incorporated in a rotary machine.

Pour effectuer la régulation de la vitesse de rotation d'une machine tournante, il est connu d'utiliser divers dispositifs permettant de capter la vitesse et de la transformer en un signal en vue de son traitement par un circuit électronique. To regulate the speed of rotation of a rotating machine, it is known to use various devices making it possible to capture the speed and transform it into a signal for processing by an electronic circuit.

Parmi ces dispositifs, on connaît les capteurs magnétiques bobinés qui sont susceptibles de produire, lors du passage d'un aimant lié au rotor de la machine, un signal proportionnel au champ induit par l'aimant. Among these devices, there are known wound magnetic sensors which are capable of producing, during the passage of a magnet linked to the rotor of the machine, a signal proportional to the field induced by the magnet.

Cependant, ce signal ne présente pas de seuil mais varie de façon sensiblement sinusoldale, de sorte qutil ne peut être directement utilisé pour attaquer le convertisseur du circuit de traitement. Le signal doit tout d'abord être filtré pour être transformé en un signal carré à fronts raides, ce qui complique évidemment le circuit de traitement du signal et augmente le prix de revient du capteur.However, this signal does not have a threshold but varies in a substantially sinusoidal manner, so that it cannot be directly used to attack the converter of the processing circuit. The signal must first be filtered to be transformed into a square signal with steep edges, which obviously complicates the signal processing circuit and increases the cost price of the sensor.

Un autre type connu de capteur de vitesse est constitué par un dispositif optique comprenant d'une part, un disque entraîné par le moteur et qui est percé de trous au voisinage de sa périphérie et, d'autre part, une pièce en forme de fourche qui chevauche le disque, les bras de ladite fourche portant respectivement une source lumineuse et une cellule photo-électrique situées à une distance de l'axe du disque égale à celle des trous. Another known type of speed sensor is constituted by an optical device comprising on the one hand, a disc driven by the motor and which is pierced with holes in the vicinity of its periphery and, on the other hand, a fork-shaped part which overlaps the disc, the arms of said fork carrying respectively a light source and a photoelectric cell located at a distance from the axis of the disc equal to that of the holes.

Lorsque le disque tourne, la cellule photo-électrique est éclairée de façon intermitente à travers les trous du disque et elle produit donc des impulsions dont la fréquence est proportionnelle à la vitesse du moteur.When the disc spins, the photocell is intermittently lit through the holes in the disc and therefore produces pulses whose frequency is proportional to the speed of the motor.

Bien qutun tel capteur de vitesse fournisse des signaux à fronts raides, donc directement exploitables, il pose des difficultés pour sa mise en oeuvre étant donné que son positionnement ainsi que les réglages qutil nécessite doivent être extrêmement précis. De plus, ce capteur est relativement onéreux. Although such a speed sensor provides signals with steep edges, therefore directly exploitable, it poses difficulties for its implementation since its positioning as well as the adjustments which it requires must be extremely precise. In addition, this sensor is relatively expensive.

La présente invention a pour but de remédier à ces inconvénients et à cet effet, elle a pour objet un capteur de vitesse qui se caractérise en ce qutil comprend une pluralité d'aimants fixés à intervalles réguliers et avec un sens de polarité défini, sur les ailettes du ventilateur interne du moteur, et une cellule à effet Hall montée fixement sur le stator du côté du ventilateur et à faible distance de la trajectoire des aimants au cours de la rotation. The object of the present invention is to remedy these drawbacks and for this purpose it relates to a speed sensor which is characterized in that it comprises a plurality of magnets fixed at regular intervals and with a defined sense of polarity, on the fins of the internal fan of the motor, and a Hall effect cell fixedly mounted on the stator on the side of the fan and a short distance from the trajectory of the magnets during rotation.

Dans une forme de réalisation avantageuse de l'invention, la cellule à effet Hall est fixée à l'extrémité de l'une des tiges de serrage des tôles d'une des masses polaires du stator. In an advantageous embodiment of the invention, the Hall effect cell is fixed to the end of one of the clamping rods of the sheets of one of the pole masses of the stator.

A chaque passage d'un aimant à l'aplomb de la cellule, celle-ci est le siège d'un signal à fronts très raides et d'amplitude constante qui peut être facilement traité. Each time a magnet passes over the cell, it is the site of a signal with very steep edges and constant amplitude which can be easily processed.

Le capteur selon l'invention a l'avantage de pouvoir être adapté sur les moteurs existants sans mociticajion de leur structure interne. De plus, en raison de sa petite taille, il peut être inséré à l'intérieur même du moteur et est donc à l'abri contre tout risque de détérioration. La chaleur qui règne à l'intérieur du moteur ne porte pas préjudice à son bon fonctionnement puisqu'il peut sup- porter une température ambiante allant jusqu'à 1500C. En outre, il est insensible aux perturbations électromagnétiques du moteur, ainsi qu'aux souillures et dépôts divers, contrairement aux capteurs optiques mentionnés précédemment. Enfin, sa mise en place dans le moteur demande moins de précision que celle du capteur optique. The sensor according to the invention has the advantage of being able to be adapted to existing engines without mociticajion of their internal structure. In addition, due to its small size, it can be inserted inside the engine itself and is therefore protected against any risk of damage. The heat inside the engine does not affect its proper functioning since it can withstand an ambient temperature of up to 1500C. In addition, it is insensitive to electromagnetic disturbances of the engine, as well as to various stains and deposits, unlike the optical sensors mentioned above. Finally, its installation in the engine requires less precision than that of the optical sensor.

Un mode de réalisation de l'invention sera à présent décrit en détail en regard du dessin annexé dans lequel:
La figure 1 est une vue en élévation du stator d'un moteur muni d'une cellule à effet Hall, le ventilateur étant supposé retiré; et
La figure 2 est une vue en coupe suivant la ligne
II-II de la figure 1.
An embodiment of the invention will now be described in detail with reference to the attached drawing in which:
Figure 1 is an elevational view of the stator of an engine provided with a Hall effect cell, the fan being assumed to be removed; and
Figure 2 is a sectional view along the line
II-II of Figure 1.

Avec référence aux figures, le moteur comprend de façon connue en soi, à l'intérieur d'un carter 10, un stator 12 comprenant des masses polaires 14 sur lesquelles sont bobinées les spires du stator. Entre les masses polaires, qui dans ltexemple de la figure, sont au nombre de deux, tourne l'induit 16. Comme on le sait, les masses polaires sont formées d'un empilement de tôles maintenues serrées au moyen de tiges 18 qui les traversent axialement. Sur l'arbre 20 est calé un ventilateur 22 destiné à refroidir l'intérieur du moteur. With reference to the figures, the motor comprises, in a manner known per se, inside a casing 10, a stator 12 comprising polar masses 14 on which the turns of the stator are wound. Between the polar masses, which in the example of the figure are two in number, turns the armature 16. As is known, the polar masses are formed by a stack of sheets kept tight by means of rods 18 which pass through them axially. On the shaft 20 is fixed a fan 22 intended to cool the interior of the engine.

Conformément à l'invention, entre les ailettes du ventilateur 22 sont fixés, à intervalles réguliers, de petits aimants 24, de préférence cylindriques. De plus, à l'extrémité de l'une des tiges de serrage 18 est fixée, du côté du ventilateur, une plaquette à circuit imprimé 26 disposée perpendiculairement à l'arbre 20 et soutenant une cellule à effet Hall 28. Le positionnement est choisi pour que les aimants passent au cours de leur rotation, juste devant la cellule à effet Hall 28 et à une faible distance de celle-ci, par exemple à 2 mm environ. According to the invention, between the fins of the fan 22 are fixed, at regular intervals, small magnets 24, preferably cylindrical. In addition, at the end of one of the clamping rods 18 is fixed, on the fan side, a printed circuit board 26 disposed perpendicular to the shaft 20 and supporting a Hall effect cell 28. The positioning is chosen so that the magnets pass during their rotation, just in front of the Hall effect cell 28 and at a short distance from it, for example about 2 mm.

Pour régler cette distance, on peut placer sous la plaquette 26 une cale 30 et un certain nombre de rondelles 32. Le positionnement de la plaquette est facilité en donnant au bord 34 de celle-ci qui est le plus éloigné de l'arbre 20, une forme arrondie de même rayon que le rayon interne du carter 10. Ainsi, en position de montage, la plaquette est appliquée par son bord arrondi contre la paroi interne du carter. To adjust this distance, a shim 30 and a number of washers 32 can be placed under the plate 26. The positioning of the plate is facilitated by giving the edge 34 thereof which is furthest from the shaft 20, a rounded shape with the same radius as the internal radius of the housing 10. Thus, in the mounting position, the plate is applied by its rounded edge against the internal wall of the housing.

A chaque passage d'un aimant au droit de la cellule à effet Hall 28, celle-ci fournit un signal électrique de forme carrée à fronts très raides et d'amplitude constante, qui peut être facilement traité par un circuit classique.  Each time a magnet passes the Hall effect cell 28, it provides a square-shaped electrical signal with very steep edges and constant amplitude, which can be easily processed by a conventional circuit.

Claims (4)

REVENDICATIONS 1.- Capteur de vitesse pour machine tournante, caractérisé en ce qu'il comprend une pluralité d'aimants (24) fixés à intervalles réguliers et avec un sens de polarité défini, sur les ailettes du ventilateur interne (22) du moteur, et une cellule à effet Hall (28) montée fixement sur le stator du côté du ventilateur et à faible distance de la trajectoire des aimants au cours de la rotation. 1.- Speed sensor for rotating machine, characterized in that it comprises a plurality of magnets (24) fixed at regular intervals and with a defined polarity direction, on the fins of the internal fan (22) of the motor, and a Hall effect cell (28) fixedly mounted on the stator on the fan side and at a short distance from the path of the magnets during rotation. 2.- Capteur de vitesse selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que la cellule à effet Hall (28) est fixée à ltextrémité de l'une des tiges de-serrage (18) des tôles d'une des masses polaires du stator. 2.- Speed sensor according to claim 1, characterized in that the Hall effect cell (28) is fixed to the end of one of the clamping rods (18) of the sheets of one of the polar masses of the stator. 3.- Capteur de vitesse selon l'une des revendications 1 et 2, caractérisé en ce que la cellule est portée par une plaquette (26) à circuit imprimé disposée perpendiculairement à l'arbre du moteur et dont le bord (34) le plus éloigné de l'arbre est conformé pour épouser la forme de la paroi interne du carter (10) du moteur. 3.- Speed sensor according to one of claims 1 and 2, characterized in that the cell is carried by a printed circuit board (26) arranged perpendicular to the motor shaft and whose edge (34) most away from the shaft is shaped to match the shape of the inner wall of the motor housing (10). 4.- Capteur de vitesse selon l'une des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce que la cellule à effet 4.- Speed sensor according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the effect cell Hall (28) est amenée à la distance voulue de la trajectoire des aimants, au moyen d'éléments de calage, tels que des rondelles (32). Hall (28) is brought to the desired distance from the path of the magnets, by means of wedging elements, such as washers (32).
FR8411797A 1984-07-25 1984-07-25 Hall-effect speed sensor built into a rotating machine. Pending FR2568377A1 (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR8411797A FR2568377A1 (en) 1984-07-25 1984-07-25 Hall-effect speed sensor built into a rotating machine.

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR8411797A FR2568377A1 (en) 1984-07-25 1984-07-25 Hall-effect speed sensor built into a rotating machine.

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
FR2568377A1 true FR2568377A1 (en) 1986-01-31

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FR8411797A Pending FR2568377A1 (en) 1984-07-25 1984-07-25 Hall-effect speed sensor built into a rotating machine.

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FR (1) FR2568377A1 (en)

Cited By (23)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0223109A1 (en) * 1985-10-26 1987-05-27 WILO-Werk GmbH & Co. Pumpen- und Apparatebau Centrifugal pump or ventilator
US4732494A (en) * 1986-06-10 1988-03-22 S. N. R. Roulements Bearing or roller bearing with data sensor
FR2605742A1 (en) * 1986-10-24 1988-04-29 Veglia Borletti Srl TACHOMETER GENERATOR
DE8530448U1 (en) * 1985-10-26 1989-07-06 Wilo-Werk Gmbh & Co Pumpen- Und Apparatebau, 4600 Dortmund, De
US4924674A (en) * 1987-09-30 1990-05-15 Isuzu Motors Limited Turbocharger with rotary electric machine
DE4137385A1 (en) * 1991-11-14 1993-05-19 Hilti Ag SPEED CONTROL DEVICE FOR A HAND-HELD ELECTRIC TOOL AND METHOD FOR THE PRODUCTION THEREOF
US5338283A (en) * 1992-10-09 1994-08-16 E. I. Du Pont De Nemours And Company Centrifuge rotor identification system
DE4324622A1 (en) * 1993-07-22 1995-01-26 Teves Gmbh Alfred Device for detecting the rotary movement
DE29514026U1 (en) * 1995-09-01 1995-11-02 Sew Eurodrive Gmbh & Co Device for detecting the speed and / or direction of rotation of motors, in particular asynchronous motors
US5596271A (en) * 1994-05-03 1997-01-21 Multicraft International Method of and apparatus for detecting the rotation rate of an air moving fan
ES2109135A1 (en) * 1994-04-21 1998-01-01 Zertan Sa Improvements in electric motors for washing-machines, dishwashers and similar items.
US7224093B2 (en) * 2000-03-10 2007-05-29 Valeo Equipements Electriques Moteur Polyphase electric rotary machine
US7476144B2 (en) 2007-06-13 2009-01-13 Black & Decker Inc. Sander
US7485026B2 (en) 2007-06-13 2009-02-03 Black & Decker Inc. Sander
DE10340325B4 (en) * 2003-08-29 2009-04-09 Sew-Eurodrive Gmbh & Co. Kg electric motor
US7534165B2 (en) 2007-06-13 2009-05-19 Black & Decker Inc. Sander
US7722435B2 (en) 2007-06-13 2010-05-25 Black & Decker Inc. Sander
ITBO20090734A1 (en) * 2009-11-10 2011-05-11 Alfredo Coccagna CONTROL AND MEASUREMENT GROUP, PARTICULARLY FOR ELECTRIC MOTORS.
US8241434B2 (en) * 2005-01-25 2012-08-14 Johnson Electric S.A. Dishwasher with high voltage DC motor
US8398457B2 (en) 2008-08-20 2013-03-19 Black & Decker Inc. Multi-sander
CN105429418A (en) * 2015-11-26 2016-03-23 深圳市瑞凌实业股份有限公司 Motor and magnetic feedback based system for enabling rotating speed of motor to be constant
US9421682B2 (en) 2011-07-18 2016-08-23 Black & Decker Inc. Multi-head power tool with reverse lock-out capability
US9956677B2 (en) 2013-05-08 2018-05-01 Black & Decker Inc. Power tool with interchangeable power heads

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GB893556A (en) * 1958-12-04 1962-04-11 Stanley Coad Improvements relating to the determination of the rate of flow of a fluid
US3786272A (en) * 1972-11-03 1974-01-15 Veeder Industries Inc Hall effect rotary pulse generator
GB1597446A (en) * 1978-05-25 1981-09-09 Desoutter Ltd Counting the revolutions of the rotor of a compressed air motor
GB2087565A (en) * 1980-10-22 1982-05-26 Sony Corp Position detecting signal generators
US4385276A (en) * 1980-01-28 1983-05-24 Black & Decker Inc. Mounting of semiconductor sensing means for an electromagnetic tachometer in a portable electric tool
DE3208721A1 (en) * 1982-03-11 1983-09-22 Robert Bosch Gmbh, 7000 Stuttgart SENSOR

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US438276A (en) * 1890-10-14 Ole pederson
GB893556A (en) * 1958-12-04 1962-04-11 Stanley Coad Improvements relating to the determination of the rate of flow of a fluid
US3786272A (en) * 1972-11-03 1974-01-15 Veeder Industries Inc Hall effect rotary pulse generator
GB1597446A (en) * 1978-05-25 1981-09-09 Desoutter Ltd Counting the revolutions of the rotor of a compressed air motor
US4385276A (en) * 1980-01-28 1983-05-24 Black & Decker Inc. Mounting of semiconductor sensing means for an electromagnetic tachometer in a portable electric tool
GB2087565A (en) * 1980-10-22 1982-05-26 Sony Corp Position detecting signal generators
DE3208721A1 (en) * 1982-03-11 1983-09-22 Robert Bosch Gmbh, 7000 Stuttgart SENSOR

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Cited By (30)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0223109A1 (en) * 1985-10-26 1987-05-27 WILO-Werk GmbH & Co. Pumpen- und Apparatebau Centrifugal pump or ventilator
DE8530448U1 (en) * 1985-10-26 1989-07-06 Wilo-Werk Gmbh & Co Pumpen- Und Apparatebau, 4600 Dortmund, De
US4732494A (en) * 1986-06-10 1988-03-22 S. N. R. Roulements Bearing or roller bearing with data sensor
FR2605742A1 (en) * 1986-10-24 1988-04-29 Veglia Borletti Srl TACHOMETER GENERATOR
US4924674A (en) * 1987-09-30 1990-05-15 Isuzu Motors Limited Turbocharger with rotary electric machine
US5296768A (en) * 1991-11-14 1994-03-22 Hilti Aktiengesellschaft Revolutions per minute regulation device for a hand-held electric tool and method of its manufacture
DE4137385A1 (en) * 1991-11-14 1993-05-19 Hilti Ag SPEED CONTROL DEVICE FOR A HAND-HELD ELECTRIC TOOL AND METHOD FOR THE PRODUCTION THEREOF
US5338283A (en) * 1992-10-09 1994-08-16 E. I. Du Pont De Nemours And Company Centrifuge rotor identification system
DE4324622A1 (en) * 1993-07-22 1995-01-26 Teves Gmbh Alfred Device for detecting the rotary movement
ES2109135A1 (en) * 1994-04-21 1998-01-01 Zertan Sa Improvements in electric motors for washing-machines, dishwashers and similar items.
US5596271A (en) * 1994-05-03 1997-01-21 Multicraft International Method of and apparatus for detecting the rotation rate of an air moving fan
DE29514026U1 (en) * 1995-09-01 1995-11-02 Sew Eurodrive Gmbh & Co Device for detecting the speed and / or direction of rotation of motors, in particular asynchronous motors
US7224093B2 (en) * 2000-03-10 2007-05-29 Valeo Equipements Electriques Moteur Polyphase electric rotary machine
DE10340325B4 (en) * 2003-08-29 2009-04-09 Sew-Eurodrive Gmbh & Co. Kg electric motor
US8241434B2 (en) * 2005-01-25 2012-08-14 Johnson Electric S.A. Dishwasher with high voltage DC motor
US7485026B2 (en) 2007-06-13 2009-02-03 Black & Decker Inc. Sander
US7476144B2 (en) 2007-06-13 2009-01-13 Black & Decker Inc. Sander
US7722435B2 (en) 2007-06-13 2010-05-25 Black & Decker Inc. Sander
US7534165B2 (en) 2007-06-13 2009-05-19 Black & Decker Inc. Sander
US8821220B2 (en) 2008-08-20 2014-09-02 Black & Decker Inc. Power tool with interchangeable tool head
US8398457B2 (en) 2008-08-20 2013-03-19 Black & Decker Inc. Multi-sander
US8613644B2 (en) 2008-08-20 2013-12-24 Black & Decker Inc. Multi-sander
US9724799B2 (en) 2008-08-20 2017-08-08 Black & Decker Inc. Power tool with interchangeable tool head
US10906155B2 (en) 2008-08-20 2021-02-02 Black & Decker Inc. Power tool with interchangeable tool head
ITBO20090734A1 (en) * 2009-11-10 2011-05-11 Alfredo Coccagna CONTROL AND MEASUREMENT GROUP, PARTICULARLY FOR ELECTRIC MOTORS.
US9421682B2 (en) 2011-07-18 2016-08-23 Black & Decker Inc. Multi-head power tool with reverse lock-out capability
US9956677B2 (en) 2013-05-08 2018-05-01 Black & Decker Inc. Power tool with interchangeable power heads
US10661428B2 (en) 2013-05-08 2020-05-26 Black & Decker Inc. Power tool with interchangeable tool heads
CN105429418A (en) * 2015-11-26 2016-03-23 深圳市瑞凌实业股份有限公司 Motor and magnetic feedback based system for enabling rotating speed of motor to be constant
CN105429418B (en) * 2015-11-26 2018-04-13 深圳市瑞凌实业股份有限公司 Motor and magnetic reaction type motor speed constant velocity system

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