FI90578C - Excavator tooth replacement blade - Google Patents

Description

1 90578

The present invention relates to an excavator tooth replacement blade for mounting on an excavator tooth replacement blade 5, which blade consists of an elongate and integral piece with a side at the front and a ground edge at the front, and an attachment to the cam at the back. at least one of the side walls is extended to the back of the protrusion 10 past said upper and lower sides, to form a protrusion. In particular, the invention relates to a new steel application of an excavator tooth, which is an improvement on U.S. Patent No. 4,761,900, which in turn was an improvement on U.S. Patent No. 4,335,532.

15

U.S. Pat. No. 4,761,900 provided a new locking system which replaced the U-shaped fastener used in HELILOK teeth sold worldwide, cf. U.S. Pat. No. 4,335,532. The system 20 of U.S. Pat. No. 4,761,900 used a push-through pin which remained in place by means of a pin or holder located in the adapter in a transverse direction, i.e. horizontally, so as not to be subjected to a dynamic load. In U.S. Pat. No. 4,761,900, a vertical locking pin was pressed into place by a 25-piece lug on the rear of the blade, which co-operated with the lugs located vertically in the adapter. Together, they held in place a dowel, which was usually backward curved. va, i.e. its convex side pointed backwards.

'30 The use of blade-mounted lugs has created a blade-cam assembly that extends the cam drive. As an explanation, it should be mentioned that in what good the excavator's dental ·. ' the operator of the system is usually determined by two alternative types of faults: ..35 1. A fault due to wear on the cam piece, in which the tightness of the blade to the cam piece has decreased to such an extent that the 2 90578 cam is no longer able to hold or close the blade.

2. Defective part of the cam piece due to fatigue of the cam material of the cam piece-5. The longer service life of the cam piece provided by the new tip and cam design is due to the reduction of both types of defects.

We have found that the function of the tooth can be significantly improved by using two lugs vertically located on the blade protrusion without compromising the curvature of the pin. Thus, the invention is characterized by what is defined in the characterizing part of claim 1.

15 With regard to the wear of the cam part, the new construction reduces the support pressure applied by the blade to the cam part, as it has a larger support surface, which slows down the wear of the cam part and the consequent reduction in the tightness of the blades. Its "swing-va" installation, in which the blade holding the blade is supported against the cam-20, also reduces the wear of the surface supporting the cam pin. When the pin according to U.S. Pat. No. 4,761,900 rubs against the lugs of the cam body with small reciprocating vertical movements caused by the movement of the blade during loading, the separate lugs according to the invention allow a pin assembly capable of damping the movement of the blade over time. . This swinging movement leads to hi. the wear of the support surface of the dowel in the rear cam body compared to the construction of U.S. Pat. No. 4,761,900, as can be easily seen by making a comparison between the rotating pyro-30 and the sliding body. In addition, in the construction according to the invention, the rear sides of the blade protect the support surface of the dowel in the cam body as well as the dowel itself from all external wear, i.e. abrasive soil and stone that the tooth is digging.

35 'It is axiomatic that the blade should fit snugly in the adapter despite the fact that during high dynamic loads the blade moves relative to the cam piece of the adapter (see fig.

3,90578 U.S. Patents 2,919,506 and 3,079,710); however, the stringency is relative. The HELILOK basic dental system of U.S. Patent 4,335,532 is capable of retaining a blade in a cam body even after a significant amount of fluid has developed due to wear on the cam. In this respect, it is superior to other dental systems, as well as the dental system of U.S. Pat. No. 4,761,900 and the system of the invention. However, there is a clearance threshold that varies inversely with the severity of use and after which the given dental system 10 is no longer able to support and hold the blades. The present invention seeks to increase the uptime prior to reaching this threshold.

With regard to defects caused by fatigue of the cam part, the separate lugs located in the steel-15 make the protruding lugs in the cam part unnecessary. Earlings like this can lead to stress concentration. Thus, their elimination increases the fatigue strength of the cam body than the myds allow for a longer bearing surface. These advantages more than compensate for the small loss of material in the cam piece, which results in a new, side-pushing pin from the required groove.

The main advantages of the present invention are as far as possible: a higher unobtrusive tightening of the blades throughout the use of the adapter and avoidance of stress concentrations at the critical junction of the cam and the neck of the adapter, while at the same time achieving a larger blade and cam length.

- 30

Blades with overlapping rearwardly extending ear-like portions have been used in the past, as in U.S. Pat. No. 4,326,348, in which the purpose of the lugs was to provide stabilization by using ear protectors.

Previous models have not been able to take advantage of the ability of the separate, rearward-extending lugs to hold the locking pin in its original locking position.

.535 4 9 O 5 7 8

The invention is illustrated with the accompanying diagrams in which:

Figure 1 is an opened perspective view of U.S. Patent No. 4,335,532; Figure 2 is an opened perspective view of U.S. Patent No. 4,761,900; Fig. 3 is an opened perspective view of the excavator tooth portions of the present invention; Fig. 4 is a schematic top view of parts of the present invention assembled; Fig. 5 is a partially cross-sectional side elevational view of the assembly of Fig. 4 with the cross-section corresponding to the angle of view taken along line 5-5 of Fig. 4; Fig. 6 is a cross-sectional view taken along line 6-6 in Fig. 4; Fig. 7 is a cut-away side plan view of a cam body showing the blade under load and without load; Fig. 8 is a side schematic view of a cam body of the adapter of the embodiment of the invention shown in Figs. 3-7; .25 Fig. 9 is similar to Fig. 8, but shows another embodiment of the invention in which the support surface between the cam body and the dowel is curved; Fig. 10 is a perspective view of the cam body shown in Fig. 8 as seen from the left to the rear; Fig. 11 is a perspective view of a modified steel according to the invention with only one side provided with rearwardly extending lugs; and Fig. 12 is a cut-away, partially cross-sectional side view of a modified excavator tooth assembly incorporating features of the invention.

Referring to Figure 1, a HELILOK R excavator tooth according to U.S. Patent No. 4,335,532 is shown. It consists of steel A, an adapter with a cam piece B, and a U-shaped lock C. The construction of this excavator tooth was particularly advantageous because, in the absence of a blind hole, the cam piece had a stronger structure.

At times, however, there were difficulties in removing the U-shaped lock C, which was solved by using the through-pin Pins C 'according to U.S. Pat. No. 4,761,900, cf. Figure 15 2. A particularly advantageous feature of the configuration of U.S. Patent No. 4,761,900 was the use of a load-free holder or transverse pin D. The tooth blade of Figure 2 is marked A because it is identical to the blade of Figure 1. However, the cam piece of the adapter in Fig. 2 was changed from that of Fig. 1 and is thus denoted by the symbol B '. As indicated above, the lock was also changed and therefore the push-through pin of Fig. 2 is marked C '.

According to the present invention, all the blades, the cam pieces of the adapter 25 and the snap locks marked A ', B' 'and C' have been changed while the holder remains the same and are therefore marked D.

The invention is based on the finding that the pin usually moves with a -30 blade when this is subjected to a dynamic load.

This can be seen in the schematic diagram 7, in which the cam piece of the adapter is shown by a solid line and marked with the number 20. The dowel pin is also shown by a solid line and marked with the number 21 in the unloaded state. However, the tooth blade is shown with a dashed line and marked with the number 22. My5s it is in an unloaded or static state.

6 9 O S 7 8

A dynamic load or load directed downwards, as schematically shown in point 23, causes the blade to turn in the cam body towards the dotted line pattern marked 22 '. Similarly, the pin turns to the position indicated by the dotted line 5, which is marked 21 '. This illuminates the kei-Nuva or the swirling movement previously referred to, which has the advantage that it does not wear the surface 24 of the cam body groove supporting the central part of the pin 21; see. also Figure 5.

10 In order to take advantage of the finding that in the present system the pin moves with the blade, several changes were made to the locking mechanism, one important change being the addition of separate pin supporting surfaces.

15 This can be seen by looking at Figure 3. In this embodiment, the sides of the blade A 'are extended to extend rearwardly over the housing 27 to form protrusions 25 and 26. The rear portions of these protrusions are provided with fixed lugs 28, 29 in the protrusions 25 and 30, 31 in the protrusion 26. The lug 29 can be distinguished in the lower right part of Fig. 4 and the lug 31 is shown in the upper right part of the figure. All of these lugs are indicated in Figure 6. These lugs protrude inwardly and are intended to extend roughly at right angles to the housing 27, i.e. to the interior of the spike.

25

It can be seen from Figure 6 that the vertical distance between the upper part 33 of the upper lug 31 and the lower part 32 of the lower lug 30 is approximately the same as the diameter of the rear part of the housing 27 with a circular cross-section, i.e. the surface of the nose 30 3.

This ratio is advantageous because it allows a sufficiently large size of the fixed lugs in terms of structural strength and the size of the support area.

35

To illustrate, it is shown how the inserts 34 and 35 of the lugs 30 and 31, as shown in Fig. 6 (and the lugs 28 and 29, respectively), are partially beveled surfaces 90578 placed around the tip cone E of the cam piece in the figure to minimize play. 3. This is most clearly seen in Figure 6, where the surfaces E 'are extensions of the tip cone of the cam body to the rear of the area of Figure 6. When installing 5 and removing the turning blade from the cam piece, the beveled surfaces of these inwardly turned lugs must be able to move without being obstructed by the surface cone surface E and the extension surfaces E 'of the cam piece. By combining the long flat lugs of the 3-7 blades of Figures with a circular cross-section of the tip cone of the housing / cam body, it was possible to arrange space outside this internal boundary for blade lugs of sufficient size.

In the present invention, the bevelled surfaces of the lugs 34, 35 are in fact curved, but even satisfactory operation is achieved by using straight surfaces.

Referring to Figure 5, in a favorable construction, the forward facing sides 36 and 37 of the lugs are both portions of a curved surface 20 for tightening with longitudinally discrete areas of the concave rear portion 38 of the pin 21. Only one pair of ears works with the pin at any one time, while the other pair is designed to allow the blade to be rotated 180 degrees. This practice, in which the blade 25 is turned when it is approximately half worn, is sometimes applied when it is necessary to use a very sharp excavator assembly.

Prior to assembly, the radius of curvature -30 of the concave rear portion 38 of the pin 21 is less than the radius of the arcuate surfaces of the pair 36, 37 or the corresponding pair of ears 28 and 29. Thus, if the pin 21 is placed together with the arcuate surfaces 36, 37 of the lugs without being attached to the cam body, the point of contact is locally close to the end of the lug surfaces at positions 32 and 33.

35 When mounting the pin in the blade and cam assembly, this point of contact between the arc surfaces of the pin and the lugs spreads, causing the pin to bend as its front convex surface 39 comes into contact with the front 8 90578 side 24 of the cam groove 40, cf. Figures 5, 8 and 10. In addition, during the loads applied during the use of the blade, the pin is able to bend even more so that the radius of the edge of its concave rear surface substantially corresponds to the radius of the curves of the lugs <377, thus achieving perfect surface contact.

Of course, it is the bending of the pin that is the factor that causes the assembly installation to tighten.

The insertion of the pin into the blade-cam assembly is facilitated by an oblique cut 41 in the forwardly facing lug side 36 in Figure 5. As the incoming end of the pin 21 passes over this oblique surface 41, the pin presses or bends to reach the forward ear. 15

Instead of using lugs 42 according to Fig. 2 to hold the new pin C '', according to the invention a cam piece is used in the front wall 24 of the groove 40, cf. Figures 4 and 5. The cam mounting surface of the cam body is a planar surface as at 24 in Figure 8 or, as in Figure 9, slightly curved with respect to the groove 140 as at 124. The pin rests nominally on the cam body surfaces 24, 124 near the longitudinal center of the cam body the point of contact moves above and below the center.

The fixed projection 43 of the rear part of the groove 40 of the cam body 40, cf. Figures 3 and 4. This protrusion connects the upper and lower ends of the groove to the cam body as seen at 44 and 45 in Figures 3 30 and 8, and 144 and 145 in Figure 9 regarding the protrusion 143. The curvature of the front wall 124 in Figure 9 is evident from its lateral the locking pin opening 146, compared to the relationship of the wall 24 to the locking pin opening 46 in Fig. 8. In this figure, the wall 24 has a groove 47 so that the locking pin can be mounted in place, cf. my6s figure 10.

The protrusion 43 (or 143) also acts as a guide when pushing the pin into place. In this connection, it is preferred to use a blade according to Fig. 11 9 9 Π S 7 8 with only one projection with a cam piece according to Fig. 9. This blade is mainly used for dredging and does not need to be reversible. Here, the structure of the lugs 28 and 29 is identical to the lugs 5 of Fig. 3, except that the protrusion from which the lugs 30, 31 are formed is absent.

As previously indicated, the pin C '' differs from the pin C '(compare Figures 2 and 3) in that a forward curved pin is used with the blade of the present invention, i.e., it is normally arcuate. This allows for the desired swinging movement, which reduces wear on the cam portion 24.

Figure 12 shows an alternative structure of the dowel nail 221. Also in this construction, the projections of the blade are approximately the same length as the diameter of the rear of the housing 27 in the steel, but the forward sides 236 and 237 of the lugs are not curved. Rather, they are flat and parallel to allow the use of a layered dowel. This layered pin, which has been used in the field for many years, is a laminate made of steel plates 248, 250 with a rubber core. This structure does not have the advantage of being in swinging contact with the locking groove wall 224 25 of the cam body, but is suitable for lighter use, and as such has the advantage of operating without a locking pin D. The locking of the dowel in this configuration takes place in the dowel. the rearwardly projecting protrusion in the laminate plate 248 coming into contact with the inner edges 236, 237 of the lugs 228 and 229. It should be noted here that there are usually corresponding lugs on the other side of the blade, such as a corresponding groove in the cam body.

Although the foregoing detailed description has been provided for purposes of illustration, numerous changes may be made to the details set forth herein by those skilled in the art without departing from the scope or spirit of the invention.

Claims (10)

1. Insert notch (A ') is given a canopy to be installed in an excavator, which notch consists of an elongated and uniform piece, the front of the spring has an earth excavation edge 5 and the rear part of a shoe (27) is allowed to attach the adapter with the tip; said shoe being defined by an upper and lower side as well as a pair of side surfaces, at least one of which side surfaces exhibiting a sheep extension extending backwardly over said upper and lower sides to form a protrusion (25), characterized in that in this case kind of rearwardly extending projections (25) of the sidewall exhibit adjacent its upper and lower portions vertically separate upper and lower fittings (29-28, 229-228), which have been directed to resist a pin (21, 221, C) ), that the two coatings (28-29, 228-229) extend only inwards from the sidewall in question (25) about perpendicular to said sidewall being allowed to withstand the pin (21, 221, C ") that the fittings (28-29, 228-229) lies with the outermost rear the rear portion of this side wall (25) and that the rear surfaces of these fittings (28-29, 228-229) form the most backwardly extending portion of this side wall. A notch according to claim 1, characterized in that the upper part of the upper bracket (29, 229) is aligned with said upper side and the lower part of the lower bracket (28, 228) is in line with said lower side. The notch according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the shoe (27) generally has a circular cross-section of its rear part and that the distance between the upper part of the upper part (29, 229) and the lower part of the the lower bracket (28, 228) is about the same as the diameter of the circular cross section. The notch according to claim 3, characterized in that the two -35 said fittings (28-29, 228-229) have inwardly directed sides (36-37, 236-237) which are bevelled to their adjacent portions so that they corresponds to the shape of said shoe (27). 13 90578 The notch according to claim 4, characterized in that both fittings (28, 29) have outwardly directed sides (36, 37), the front side (36) of the lower fittings (28) towards the upper fittings (29) being beveled back so that it guides the pin (21, 221, C '') during its installation. A notch according to any one of claims 1-3, characterized in that both of its side walls (25, 20) extend over said upper and lower sides, and both side walls (25, 20) have said fittings (28-31, 228). 229). A notch according to any one of claims 1-3, characterized in that the two aforementioned fittings (28, 29) have a front side (36-37), which sides are curved. 15 A notch according to any one of claims 1-3, characterized in that the two aforementioned fittings (48, 29) have a front side (236-237), the sides of which are planar surfaces. A notch (A ') according to any one of claims 1-3 installed in an adapter (B' ') with the tip, characterized in that said tip (20) is provided with a vertical notch (40, 140) for receiving the pin ( 21, 221, C '); the nearly vertical elongated pin (21, 221, C '') 25 is in said groove (40, 140) with a front side (24, 124) in contact with the pin (21, 221, C '') central portion; and said groove of said groove (28-29, 228-229) is in striking contact with the pin (21, 221, C '') next to the spirits of the pin in question. The notch assembly according to claim 9, characterized in that the adapter (B '') has a horizontal groove (46, 146) aligned with the sprint pin and for the sprint pin (21, C '') a resilient holding device (D) in this recess. (46, 146) extending inwardly from said grooves (40, 140).