FI85744B - Foerfarande foer kontinuerlig framstaellning av cellplastskivor eller -block med haolrum. - Google Patents

Foerfarande foer kontinuerlig framstaellning av cellplastskivor eller -block med haolrum. Download PDF

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Publication number
FI85744B
FI85744B FI864678A FI864678A FI85744B FI 85744 B FI85744 B FI 85744B FI 864678 A FI864678 A FI 864678A FI 864678 A FI864678 A FI 864678A FI 85744 B FI85744 B FI 85744B
Authority
FI
Finland
Prior art keywords
wedge
tubes
foam
polyethylene
welded together
Prior art date
Application number
FI864678A
Other languages
English (en)
Swedish (sv)
Other versions
FI864678A0 (fi
FI864678A (fi
FI85744C (fi
Inventor
Gert Noel
Original Assignee
Marquet & Cie Noel
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Marquet & Cie Noel filed Critical Marquet & Cie Noel
Publication of FI864678A0 publication Critical patent/FI864678A0/fi
Publication of FI864678A publication Critical patent/FI864678A/fi
Publication of FI85744B publication Critical patent/FI85744B/fi
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of FI85744C publication Critical patent/FI85744C/fi

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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B3/00—Layered products comprising a layer with external or internal discontinuities or unevennesses, or a layer of non-planar form; Layered products having particular features of form
    • B32B3/10—Layered products comprising a layer with external or internal discontinuities or unevennesses, or a layer of non-planar form; Layered products having particular features of form characterised by a discontinuous layer, i.e. formed of separate pieces of material
    • B32B3/18—Layered products comprising a layer with external or internal discontinuities or unevennesses, or a layer of non-planar form; Layered products having particular features of form characterised by a discontinuous layer, i.e. formed of separate pieces of material characterised by an internal layer formed of separate pieces of material which are juxtaposed side-by-side
    • B32B3/20—Layered products comprising a layer with external or internal discontinuities or unevennesses, or a layer of non-planar form; Layered products having particular features of form characterised by a discontinuous layer, i.e. formed of separate pieces of material characterised by an internal layer formed of separate pieces of material which are juxtaposed side-by-side of hollow pieces, e.g. tubes; of pieces with channels or cavities
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C44/00—Shaping by internal pressure generated in the material, e.g. swelling or foaming ; Producing porous or cellular expanded plastics articles
    • B29C44/34—Auxiliary operations
    • B29C44/36—Feeding the material to be shaped
    • B29C44/46—Feeding the material to be shaped into an open space or onto moving surfaces, i.e. to make articles of indefinite length
    • B29C44/468—Feeding the material to be shaped into an open space or onto moving surfaces, i.e. to make articles of indefinite length in a plurality of parallel streams which unite during the foaming
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C65/00—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C65/02—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure
    • B29C65/14—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure using wave energy, i.e. electromagnetic radiation, or particle radiation
    • B29C65/1429—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure using wave energy, i.e. electromagnetic radiation, or particle radiation characterised by the way of heating the interface
    • B29C65/1432—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure using wave energy, i.e. electromagnetic radiation, or particle radiation characterised by the way of heating the interface direct heating of the surfaces to be joined
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C65/00—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C65/02—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure
    • B29C65/14—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure using wave energy, i.e. electromagnetic radiation, or particle radiation
    • B29C65/1429—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure using wave energy, i.e. electromagnetic radiation, or particle radiation characterised by the way of heating the interface
    • B29C65/1454—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure using wave energy, i.e. electromagnetic radiation, or particle radiation characterised by the way of heating the interface scanning at least one of the parts to be joined
    • B29C65/1458—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure using wave energy, i.e. electromagnetic radiation, or particle radiation characterised by the way of heating the interface scanning at least one of the parts to be joined once, i.e. contour welding
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C65/00—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C65/02—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure
    • B29C65/14—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure using wave energy, i.e. electromagnetic radiation, or particle radiation
    • B29C65/1429—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure using wave energy, i.e. electromagnetic radiation, or particle radiation characterised by the way of heating the interface
    • B29C65/1464—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure using wave energy, i.e. electromagnetic radiation, or particle radiation characterised by the way of heating the interface making use of several radiators
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/01—General aspects dealing with the joint area or with the area to be joined
    • B29C66/05—Particular design of joint configurations
    • B29C66/10—Particular design of joint configurations particular design of the joint cross-sections
    • B29C66/11—Joint cross-sections comprising a single joint-segment, i.e. one of the parts to be joined comprising a single joint-segment in the joint cross-section
    • B29C66/112—Single lapped joints
    • B29C66/1122—Single lap to lap joints, i.e. overlap joints
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/01—General aspects dealing with the joint area or with the area to be joined
    • B29C66/05—Particular design of joint configurations
    • B29C66/10—Particular design of joint configurations particular design of the joint cross-sections
    • B29C66/11—Joint cross-sections comprising a single joint-segment, i.e. one of the parts to be joined comprising a single joint-segment in the joint cross-section
    • B29C66/118—Single monotone curved joints
    • B29C66/1182—Single monotone curved joints the joint being C-shaped
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/01—General aspects dealing with the joint area or with the area to be joined
    • B29C66/05—Particular design of joint configurations
    • B29C66/10—Particular design of joint configurations particular design of the joint cross-sections
    • B29C66/12—Joint cross-sections combining only two joint-segments; Tongue and groove joints; Tenon and mortise joints; Stepped joint cross-sections
    • B29C66/124—Tongue and groove joints
    • B29C66/1246—Tongue and groove joints characterised by the female part, i.e. the part comprising the groove
    • B29C66/12463—Tongue and groove joints characterised by the female part, i.e. the part comprising the groove being tapered
    • B29C66/12464—Tongue and groove joints characterised by the female part, i.e. the part comprising the groove being tapered being V-shaped
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/01—General aspects dealing with the joint area or with the area to be joined
    • B29C66/05—Particular design of joint configurations
    • B29C66/10—Particular design of joint configurations particular design of the joint cross-sections
    • B29C66/12—Joint cross-sections combining only two joint-segments; Tongue and groove joints; Tenon and mortise joints; Stepped joint cross-sections
    • B29C66/128—Stepped joint cross-sections
    • B29C66/1282—Stepped joint cross-sections comprising at least one overlap joint-segment
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/01—General aspects dealing with the joint area or with the area to be joined
    • B29C66/05—Particular design of joint configurations
    • B29C66/10—Particular design of joint configurations particular design of the joint cross-sections
    • B29C66/12—Joint cross-sections combining only two joint-segments; Tongue and groove joints; Tenon and mortise joints; Stepped joint cross-sections
    • B29C66/128—Stepped joint cross-sections
    • B29C66/1282—Stepped joint cross-sections comprising at least one overlap joint-segment
    • B29C66/12821—Stepped joint cross-sections comprising at least one overlap joint-segment comprising at least two overlap joint-segments
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/01—General aspects dealing with the joint area or with the area to be joined
    • B29C66/05—Particular design of joint configurations
    • B29C66/10—Particular design of joint configurations particular design of the joint cross-sections
    • B29C66/12—Joint cross-sections combining only two joint-segments; Tongue and groove joints; Tenon and mortise joints; Stepped joint cross-sections
    • B29C66/128—Stepped joint cross-sections
    • B29C66/1284—Stepped joint cross-sections comprising at least one butt joint-segment
    • B29C66/12841—Stepped joint cross-sections comprising at least one butt joint-segment comprising at least two butt joint-segments
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/01—General aspects dealing with the joint area or with the area to be joined
    • B29C66/05—Particular design of joint configurations
    • B29C66/10—Particular design of joint configurations particular design of the joint cross-sections
    • B29C66/12—Joint cross-sections combining only two joint-segments; Tongue and groove joints; Tenon and mortise joints; Stepped joint cross-sections
    • B29C66/128—Stepped joint cross-sections
    • B29C66/1284—Stepped joint cross-sections comprising at least one butt joint-segment
    • B29C66/12841—Stepped joint cross-sections comprising at least one butt joint-segment comprising at least two butt joint-segments
    • B29C66/12842—Stepped joint cross-sections comprising at least one butt joint-segment comprising at least two butt joint-segments comprising at least three butt joint-segments
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/01—General aspects dealing with the joint area or with the area to be joined
    • B29C66/05—Particular design of joint configurations
    • B29C66/10—Particular design of joint configurations particular design of the joint cross-sections
    • B29C66/12—Joint cross-sections combining only two joint-segments; Tongue and groove joints; Tenon and mortise joints; Stepped joint cross-sections
    • B29C66/128—Stepped joint cross-sections
    • B29C66/1286—Stepped joint cross-sections comprising at least one bevelled joint-segment
    • B29C66/12861—Stepped joint cross-sections comprising at least one bevelled joint-segment comprising at least two bevelled joint-segments
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/40—General aspects of joining substantially flat articles, e.g. plates, sheets or web-like materials; Making flat seams in tubular or hollow articles; Joining single elements to substantially flat surfaces
    • B29C66/41—Joining substantially flat articles ; Making flat seams in tubular or hollow articles
    • B29C66/43—Joining a relatively small portion of the surface of said articles
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/50—General aspects of joining tubular articles; General aspects of joining long products, i.e. bars or profiled elements; General aspects of joining single elements to tubular articles, hollow articles or bars; General aspects of joining several hollow-preforms to form hollow or tubular articles
    • B29C66/51—Joining tubular articles, profiled elements or bars; Joining single elements to tubular articles, hollow articles or bars; Joining several hollow-preforms to form hollow or tubular articles
    • B29C66/52—Joining tubular articles, bars or profiled elements
    • B29C66/522—Joining tubular articles
    • B29C66/5221—Joining tubular articles for forming coaxial connections, i.e. the tubular articles to be joined forming a zero angle relative to each other
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/50—General aspects of joining tubular articles; General aspects of joining long products, i.e. bars or profiled elements; General aspects of joining single elements to tubular articles, hollow articles or bars; General aspects of joining several hollow-preforms to form hollow or tubular articles
    • B29C66/51—Joining tubular articles, profiled elements or bars; Joining single elements to tubular articles, hollow articles or bars; Joining several hollow-preforms to form hollow or tubular articles
    • B29C66/52—Joining tubular articles, bars or profiled elements
    • B29C66/522—Joining tubular articles
    • B29C66/5227—Joining tubular articles for forming multi-tubular articles by longitudinally joining elementary tubular articles wall-to-wall (e.g. joining the wall of a first tubular article to the wall of a second tubular article) or for forming multilayer tubular articles
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/70—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material
    • B29C66/72—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the structure of the material of the parts to be joined
    • B29C66/727—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the structure of the material of the parts to be joined being porous, e.g. foam
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/70—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material
    • B29C66/73—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the intensive physical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the optical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the extensive physical properties of the parts to be joined, by the state of the material of the parts to be joined or by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset
    • B29C66/739—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the intensive physical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the optical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the extensive physical properties of the parts to be joined, by the state of the material of the parts to be joined or by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset characterised by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset
    • B29C66/7392—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the intensive physical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the optical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the extensive physical properties of the parts to be joined, by the state of the material of the parts to be joined or by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset characterised by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset characterised by the material of at least one of the parts being a thermoplastic
    • B29C66/73921—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the intensive physical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the optical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the extensive physical properties of the parts to be joined, by the state of the material of the parts to be joined or by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset characterised by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset characterised by the material of at least one of the parts being a thermoplastic characterised by the materials of both parts being thermoplastics
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/80—General aspects of machine operations or constructions and parts thereof
    • B29C66/81—General aspects of the pressing elements, i.e. the elements applying pressure on the parts to be joined in the area to be joined, e.g. the welding jaws or clamps
    • B29C66/814—General aspects of the pressing elements, i.e. the elements applying pressure on the parts to be joined in the area to be joined, e.g. the welding jaws or clamps characterised by the design of the pressing elements, e.g. of the welding jaws or clamps
    • B29C66/8141—General aspects of the pressing elements, i.e. the elements applying pressure on the parts to be joined in the area to be joined, e.g. the welding jaws or clamps characterised by the design of the pressing elements, e.g. of the welding jaws or clamps characterised by the surface geometry of the part of the pressing elements, e.g. welding jaws or clamps, coming into contact with the parts to be joined
    • B29C66/81411—General aspects of the pressing elements, i.e. the elements applying pressure on the parts to be joined in the area to be joined, e.g. the welding jaws or clamps characterised by the design of the pressing elements, e.g. of the welding jaws or clamps characterised by the surface geometry of the part of the pressing elements, e.g. welding jaws or clamps, coming into contact with the parts to be joined characterised by its cross-section, e.g. transversal or longitudinal, being non-flat
    • B29C66/81415—General aspects of the pressing elements, i.e. the elements applying pressure on the parts to be joined in the area to be joined, e.g. the welding jaws or clamps characterised by the design of the pressing elements, e.g. of the welding jaws or clamps characterised by the surface geometry of the part of the pressing elements, e.g. welding jaws or clamps, coming into contact with the parts to be joined characterised by its cross-section, e.g. transversal or longitudinal, being non-flat being bevelled
    • B29C66/81417—General aspects of the pressing elements, i.e. the elements applying pressure on the parts to be joined in the area to be joined, e.g. the welding jaws or clamps characterised by the design of the pressing elements, e.g. of the welding jaws or clamps characterised by the surface geometry of the part of the pressing elements, e.g. welding jaws or clamps, coming into contact with the parts to be joined characterised by its cross-section, e.g. transversal or longitudinal, being non-flat being bevelled being V-shaped
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/80—General aspects of machine operations or constructions and parts thereof
    • B29C66/83—General aspects of machine operations or constructions and parts thereof characterised by the movement of the joining or pressing tools
    • B29C66/834—General aspects of machine operations or constructions and parts thereof characterised by the movement of the joining or pressing tools moving with the parts to be joined
    • B29C66/8341—Roller, cylinder or drum types; Band or belt types; Ball types
    • B29C66/83411—Roller, cylinder or drum types
    • B29C66/83413—Roller, cylinder or drum types cooperating rollers, cylinders or drums
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/80—General aspects of machine operations or constructions and parts thereof
    • B29C66/84—Specific machine types or machines suitable for specific applications
    • B29C66/843—Machines for making separate joints at the same time in different planes; Machines for making separate joints at the same time mounted in parallel or in series
    • B29C66/8432—Machines for making separate joints at the same time mounted in parallel or in series
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
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Description

85744
Menetelmä onttotiloja sisältävien solumuovilevyjen tai -harkkojen jatkuvaksi valmistamiseksi.
Tämä keksintö koskee menetelmää onttotiloja sisältä-5 vien solumuovilevyjen tai -harkkojen jatkuvaksi valmistamiseksi .
Solumuovilevyt tai -harkot ovat tunnettuja. Ne voivat olla koostumukseltaan jäykästä erittäin elastiseen, ig koostua mitä erilaisimmista materiaaleista ja olla erittäin vaihtelevia tilavuuspainoltaan, s.o. niiden tilavuuspainot voivat olla suhteellisen korkeita, esim.
800 kg/m^, tai suhteellisen alhaisia, esim. 30 ka/m\ Lämmöneristystarkoituksissa on käyttöä erityisesti sel-15 laisilla solumuovimateriaalei1 la, jotka ovat hyvin kevyitä ja joilla on suljettu, mahdollisesti hyvin hieno solurakenne. Esimerkkejä sellaisista solumuoveista o -vat polyuretaani- tai po 1 ystyreeniso 1 umuovit, mutta myös solumuovit, jotka on valmistettu polyolefiineista, 20 erityisesti polyety 1 eenistä .
Erittäin kevyiden solumuovilevyjen tai -harkkojen jät-kuva valmistus on suhteellisen kallista ja vain tiet-: ** tyihin pienehköihin tilavuuspainoihin saakka mahdollis- 25 ta.
: Tämän keksinnön tehtävänä on siksi esittää menetelmä valmistaa levyjä tai -harkkoja, joita voidaan suhteellisen helposti valmistaa ja joilla on hyvin alhaiset ____. 30 tilavuuspainot niiden kokonaistilavuuteen nähden.
*. Tämä tehtävä ratkaistaan keksinnön mukaan siten, että joukko joustavasta, lämpöplastisesta solumuovista teh-•: * *: tyjä onttoprofiileja, erityisesti putkia, sijoitetaan # | · 35 vierekkäin ja/tai päällekkäin ja hitsataan yhteen siten 2 85744 että niitä kuljetetaan aina kahden viereisen putken väliin raon muodostavan laitteen ia sen jälkeisen, raossa välimatkan päässä kummastakin putkesta sijaitsevan, läm-mönlähteenä toimivan, sähkö! lä kuumennettavan lämpöjoh-5 timen ohi, joka sulattaa putkien vastakkaiset pinnat, jonka jälkeen putket painetaan yhteen.
So 1umuovisina on11oprofii1 eina käytetään edullisesti solumuovieristysputkia, erityisesti sellaisia, jotka 10 ovat tilavuuspainoltaan alle 20 kg/m\ Normaalien, pyöreän poikkileikkauksen omaavien solumuovieristysput-kien sijasta voidaan keksinnön mukaisesti luonnollisesti käyttää kaikkia muita ajateltavissa olevia ont-toprofiileita, esim. putkia, joissa poikkileikkaukset 15 ovat neliömäisiä, suorakulmaisia tai ovaalinmuotoisia.
Keksinnön mukaisesti yhteenhitsattavat materiaalit voivat olla mitä tahansa lämpömuovautuvaa solumuovia. Edullisesti käytetään keksinnönmukaisen menetelmän mu-20 kaan kuitenkin sellaisia lämpömuovautuvia solumuoveja, jotka liima-aineilla tai paisutushitsausmenetelmillä sitoutuvat vain riittämättömästi, esimerkiksi poly-olefiinejä, kuten polyetyleeniä, varsinkin pienti-heyksellistä verkkoutumatonta polyetyleeniä solumuo-25 veina , joiden tiheys solumuoviaineeseen nähden on "I alle 50 kg/m , erityisesti alle 20 kq/m^.
*"·* Laite keksinnönmukaisen menetelmän toteuttamiseksi koostuu olennaisesti lämmönlähteestä, sen eteen asete-30 tusta käsiteltäviä pintoja erillään pitävästä laitees-*.*·: ta ja lämmönlähteen jälkeen sijoitetusta laitteesta ’· sulatettujen pintojen yhteenpuristamiseksi . Lämmön- lähde koostuu edullisesti sähköllä lämmitettävästä joh-... dosta, joka erityisesti on langan ja metallisuikaleen 35 muotoinen. Edullisesti lanka tai metallisuikale on kro-I mi-ni kkel i seos t a , krominikkeli-alumiini seosta tai : : rauta-kromi-nikkeliseosta. Luonnollisesti voidaan käyt- 5 85744 tää myös muita metalleja tai metalliseoksia tai e i - m e -tallisia lämpöjohtoja, esim. piikarbidilämpöjohtoja , joita tavallisesti käytetään vastus 1ämmityksessä . Lämpötila, johon lämpöjohto kuumennetaan, vaihtelee laajas-5 ti, esim. välillä 600 - 12 0 0 ° C , ia mukautetaan se y h - teenhitsattavan materiaalin ja sen nopeuden mukaan, j o 1 -ja yhteenhitsattavia muovipintoja kuljetetaan lämpöjohdon ohi. Suurilla ohikulkunopeuksilla ia/tai korkealla sulavia muoveja käytettäessä voi olla edullista tai 10 vä1ttämätöntä,että yhteenhitsattavien muovipintojen liikkumissuuntaan on sijoitettu kaksi tai useampia lämpöjohtoja peräkkäin toistensa jälkeen. Lämpöjohdon taipumisen ia siinä yhteydessä epätasaisen lämpösäteilyn välttämiseksi on edullista, että lämpöjohdot, erityi-15 sesti ollessaan lankoja tai metallisuikaleita ovat aina myös kuumina, kiristyslaitteen avulla jännitettyjä. Kiristyslaite, joka samalla edullisesti on sähköjohdin, toimii sopivasti jousivoimalla vetoon tai puristukseen perustuvan jousen avulla. Sähkövirran syöttöä voidaan 20 edullisesti ohjata tai säätää 1ämpöelementin avulla, joka on sijoitettu lämpöjohdon läheisyyteen.
Lämpökanavan muodostumiseksi ja yhteenhitsattavien muo-vipintojen kuljettamiseksi tietyllä etäisyydellä ilman : " 25 kosketuskontaktia lämpöjohdon ohi, on vähän ennen läm- 1. j. pöjohtoa sijoitettu välimatkaa ylläpitävä laite. Tämä "' erottava' laite on edullisesti tehty kiilamaiseksi ja ::: siten sijoitettu, että kiilan leikkausreuna on suuntau - tunut tulevaan materiaaliin ja kiilan takaosa lämpö-30 johtoon päin. Kiilan ja lämpöjohdon pituus mukautetaan " yhteenhitsattavien pintojen leveyden mukaan. Kiilan leikkausreuna on edullisesti hieman pyöristetty, jot-tei tuleva materiaali vaurioidu. Kiilan takaosa on edu.1-lisesti kuperaksi tehty sekä materiaalin vahinqoittumi-•: * *: 3 5 sen välttämiseksi pitkältä sivultaan pyöristetty, luon- 4 85744 nollisesti voi myös kiilan takaosa olla kupera,,iolioin myös sivureunat edullisesti ovat pyöristettyjä.
Koska tämä erotinkiila toimii samalla lämpösuojalaat-tana, voi olla tarkoituksenmukaista varustaa erotin-5 kiila pituussuunnassa yhdellä tai useammalla pora- reiällä tai läpimenevällä reiällä, jotta kiilan läpi voidaan johtaa jäähdytysainetta, jos pitempään käytettäessä on pelättävissä kiilan kuumenevan liikaa. Erityisissä käyttötarkoituksissa, esim. silloin, kun toivoit) taan joka puolelta suljettua lämpökanavaa, voidaan vapaa tila erotinkiilan takana sulkea molemmilta puolilta erotinkiilan päätysivuista lähtevällä kannella. Kitkan pienentämiseksi ovat kiilan takaosat edullisesti hyvin kiillotettuja.
15
Erään toisen sovellutusmuodon mukaan voi välimatkaa ylläpitävä laite olla muodostettu telaparista, jolloin telojen läpimitta ja telojen pituus on sovitettu kulloinkin tarvittavien vaatimusten mukaan. Erottavaa t e 1 a -20 paria käytetään erityisen mielellään silloin kun esim. valmiiksi suhteellisen paksuja ja leveitä putki).evvja, joiden paksuus on 8 tai 16 cm ja leveys metrin tai enemmän, pitää hitsata yhteen, tai kun solumuovilevyjä p i -·*·' tää laminoida vastaavien homopeen isten tai vaahdotettu- ; ·* 25 jen folioiden tai levyjen tai muiden pintakerrosten kans- sa, välimatkaa pitävään laitteeseen kohdistuvan kitkan ”* pitämiseksi niin pienenä kuin mahdollista. Myös käy- tettäessä erottuvia telapareja, jotka edullisesti on ;*j*. kuulalaakeroitu, voi olla toivottavaa jäähdyttää niitä.
• · 30 Niissä tapauksissa on ainakin toinen molemmista telois-ta ontto ja siten rakennettu, että jäähdy tysa ine voi-... daan‘kuljettaa siitä läpi.
• * m ··«
Erottavan laitteen avulla on myös mahdollista viedä *t*·* 35 yhteenh i tsattavat muovipinnat välimatkan päässä toi- .*· sistaan lämmönlähteen ohi ia sitten sulattaa muovipin- I". nat niiden yläpinnoilta. Pian lämmönlähteen ohikul- 5 85744 kemisen jälkeen sulatetut pinnat vastaavalla laiteella, esim. puristusteloilla, puristetaan tai painetaan yhteen. Jäähdytyksen .jälkeen on hitsaus tapahtuma lopussa .
5 Tämän keksinnön mukaan voidaan hitsata yhteen solumuovi-putkia pientiheyksisistä polyetvleeneistä, joiden tilavuuspainot ovat alle 50 k g / m ^ tai 20 k q / m ^ , levyiksi, jotka ovat halutun levyisiä, jolloin niiden putkipin-10 tojen leveyksiä, jotka on tarkoitus hitsata yhteen, voidaan vaihdella solumuoviputkien vastaavalla yhteenpuris-tamisella, esim. pintojen välimatkoilla, joihin vierekkäin sijoitetut hitsaus laitteet on asetettu, välimatkaa ylläpitävän laitteen mitoituksella ja puristuste-15 lojen etäisyyksissä toisistaan, jotka voivat sijaita lämmönlähteen jälkeen. Koska hitsauslaitteet eivät voi olla ainoastaan vierekkäin, vaan lisäksi myös päällekkäin sijoitettuina, voidaan sellaisen hitsausristikko-laitteen avulla samanaikaisesti hitsata yhteen solu-20 muoviputkia, jotka on sijoitettu vierekkäin ja päällekkäin, niin että saadaan so 1umuoviputkista koostuvia levyjä ta harkkoja.
:*. Edelleen voidaan tämän keksinnön mukaan jatkuvalla työ- 25 tavalla, esimerkiksi kaksoisnauha1 aitteessä, joka on *” liitetty keksinnön mukaiseen hitsaus 1 ai11eeseen , val- mistaa sandwich-element teiä, joissa on muutoin vain vai-keasti (jos lainkaan) liimattava polyetyleenisolumuovi-ydin ja metalli- tai muunlaisia pintakerroksia, j o i -30 hin sulatettu polyetyleeni kiinnittyy lujasti.
::: Keksinnön havainnollistamiseksi viitataan oheisiin .I. p i i rustuks i in , jo issa . 35 -kuvio. 1 esittä pitkittäiskuvantona keksinnönmukaisen menetel- 6 85744 man soveltamista neljän solumuoviputken liittämiseksi levyksi , -kuvio 2 5 esittää poikkileikkausta edellisen kuvion asetelmasta viivan C - D kohdalta ristikko laitteessa, -kuvio 3 esittää poikkileikkauksena edellisen kuvion tapaan 10 solumuoviputkien asetusta ristikkolaitteessa hitsattaviksi yhteen yhdellä vaakasuoraan ia kolmella pystysuoraan sijoitetulla hitsaus.laitteella yht'aikaisesti, -kuvio k 15 esittää eri mittakaavassa perspektiivisesti kiilamaista p utkivä] in erot inlait. että ja lämmityselementtia, -kuv io 5 esittää esim. kuvion 1 mukaisesti aikaansaatujen put-20 kilevyjen yhteenhitsaamista kaksoisnauhalaitteessä, -kuviot 6,7 ia 8 esittävät perspektiivikuvina esimerkkejä keksinnön-.1" mukaisella menetelmällä aikaansaaduista solumuovisis- • ^ 25 ta levyistä ja harkoista.
• · · • · ·
Piirustuksissa viitemerkki 1 tarkoittaa solumuoviputki-* kea ja viite 2, 2a - d putkista y h t eenh i t sa 11 ua solu- *.*.· muovilevyä. Kiilamainen erotinlaite on merkitty nume- 30 rolla 22 ja kuumennuselementti numerolla 21.
:*·*; Solumuoviputkien yhteenhitsaaminen tapahtuu keksinnön mukaan kuvissa 1-3 esitetyllä tavalla. Esim. teräsput-'·*_ kista valmistettuihin reunuksiin 29 on pystysuorasti 35 (kts kuva 2 ) ja lisäksi vaakasuorasii (kts kuva 3) • * » 7 85744 sijoitettu kiilamaiseksi muotoillut erottavat laitteet 2 2,, joista kuvissa 2 ja 3 on nähtävissä kiila-leikkaukset. Keskellä kiilamaisten e rotus 1 ai11eiden takana on vastaavat lämpöjohdot 21 (kts kuvat 1 ia 4 ) , 5 jotka kuvassa näkymättömien kiristyslaitteiden avulla pidetään aina kireinä. Välimatkat kiilamaisten e r o -tuslaitteiden 22 ja sivulta rajoittavien tankojen 30 välillä, joiden välimatka toisiinsa nöhden pienenee kulkusuunnassa jonkin verran, ovat edullisesti siten 10 valitut, että solumuoviputket kuljettuaan hinauslait-teiden ohi hitsataan leveältä pinnaltaan yhteen toistensa kanssa. Lisäpaieen kohdistamiseksi sulatettuihin putkipintoihin on edullisesti pian hitsaus1 ai11eiden jälkeen sijoitettu poikittain, suorassa kulmassa kul-15 kusuuntaan (nuoli A) nähden telapari, jonka telat ovat välin päässä toisistaan ja joiden välistä solumuoviputket kuljetetaan.
Kuten kuvassa 2 on esitetty, voi vierekkäin olla sijoi-20 tettuna luonnollisesti monta hitsaus laitetta , jolloin voidaan ilman vaikeuksia samanaikaisesti hitsata yhteen esim. 20 solumuoviputkea putkilevyksi 2. Sama k o s -kee kuvassa 3 esitettyä "ristikkokäsittelyä", jolla : "· samanaikaisesti voidaan hitsata yhteen lukuisia vie- : 25 rekkäin ja päällekkäin sijoitettuja putkia, esim. 4- *;· kulmaiseksi harkoksi. Käytännöllisesti katsoen voi kui- - tenkin olla edullista, jos ensin kuvassa 3 esitetyn me- . netelmän mukaan hitsataan yhteen samanaikaisesti 10 tai 20 solumuoviputkea ja sitten näin saadut putki-. 30 levyt 2, 2a, 2b, jne. hitsataan päällekkäin, mutta il man pystysuoraan sijoitettuja hitsauslaitteita, tai käyttäen kuvan 5 mukaista kakao isnauha la i t et t a .
·.··; Kuvassa 5 on osittain esitetty pystysuora pitkittäis- 35 leikkaus läpi kaksoisnauhalaitteen, jossa on rullilla ^ 23 siirretty ylempi kuljetusnauha 24 ja rullilla 25 8 85744 taas alempi kul jetusnauha 26. Ylemmän ia alemman k u .1 -jetusnauhan 24, 26 välissä on nel.iä yhteenhitsattavaa putkikerrosta 2, 2a, 2b ja 2c, jotka ohitettuaan kiilamaisen välimatkaa ylläpitävän laitteen 22 ia säh-5 köisesti kuumennetun lämpöjohdon 21 hitsataan yhteen solumuovilevyksi 27. Nuoli 28 osoittaa kulkusuunnan. Yhteenhitsattavien levyjen tai harkkojen kulloinkin toivottujen paksuuksien mukaan voidaan myös järjestää vielä useampia keksinnönmukaisia hitsaus1 ai11eita päällek-10 käin tai vastaaviin lisälaitteisiin porrastetusti pe räkkäin. Luonnollisesti on myös mahdollista suunnitella laite siten, että käytettävissä on vain yksi hit-sauslaite ja silloin hitsataan yhteen vain kaksi putki-levyä 2, 2a vastaavasti paksummaksi levyksi. Myös voi-15 daan vastaavalla tavalla laitetta käyttäen hitsata toistensa kanssa yhteen eripaksuisia putki levyjä. Kak-soisnauha1 aite voi olla sivuilta avoin tai olla suljettu kahden lisänä olevan vastaavan kul jetusnauhan avulla, jotka myös kulkevat rullien yli. Sivulla olevia 20 lisäkuljetusnauhoja käytetään silloin, kun halutaan välttää solumuovin poikkeaminen sivulle päin ja sen avulla lisätä painetta sulatettujen pintojen yhteenpuristukseen. Normaalisti, s.o. myös ilman sivukuljetusnauhoja, *.·.* ovat putkilevyt jo pian k ak so i sna uha 1 a i 11 e e seen viemi- • · I*·· 25 sen jälkeen sellaisessa paineessa, että ne oman tai- ::: puisuutensa vuoksi ohitettuaan hitsauslaitteet oman ·; laajenemisensa avulla puristuvat yhteen riittävän voi- ; makkaast i .
30 Keksinnönmukaisia solumuovilevyjä käytetään ennen kaik kea lämpöeristykseen rakennusteollisuudessa, erityisesti asetettavaksi ulkomuurien välitiloihin, jotka muodostuvat varsinaisesta kantavasta ulkomuurista ja välin : : päässä sen edessä olevasta julkisivumuurista, a se tet- ....: 35 9 85744 tavaksi palkkien väliin kattoeristys.levyiksi, kivilat-tiaeristyslevyinä, sekä lämpöä eristävinä va 1 utus 1 evyi-nä perustusten pohjakerrokseen ja ulkoeristykseen maassa olevaan muuriin.
Keksinnönmukaisesti valmistetut solumuoviharkot voidaan myös leikata soiumuovilevyksi, joilla on erittäin pieni tilavuuspaino. Sellaisia levyjä voidaan käyttää moniin tuotteisiin esim. voimistelumattoihin, korkeushyppypeh-10 musteisiin, sandwich-elementteinä äänenvaimennukseen, jne. Tähän tarkoitukseen voidaan erittäin kevyitä levyjä käyttää ytimenä ja laminoida ne solumuovilla tai varustaa muilla pintakerroksilla.
t · · • · • · ·

Claims (3)

85744 10
1. Menetelmä onttotiloja sisältävien solumuovi-levyjen tai -harkkojen jatkuvaksi valmistamiseksi, t u n-n e t t u s i i t ä, että joukko joustavasta, lämpö-plastisesta solumuovista tehtyjä onttoprofiileja (1), erityisesti putkia, sijoitetaan vierekkäin ja/tai päällekkäin ja hitsataan yhteen siten, että niitä kuljetetaan aina kahden viereisen putken väliin raon muodostavan laitteen (22) ja sen jälkeisen, raossa välimatkan päässä kummastakin putkesta sijaitsevan, lämmönlähteenä toimivan, sähköllä kuumenettavan lämpöjohtimen (21) ohi, joka sulattaa putkien vastakkaiset pinnat, jonka jälkeen putket painetaan yhteen.
2. Patenttivaatimuksen 1 mukainen menetelmä, t u n-n e t t u s i i t ä, että käytetään polyolefiinistä, edullisesti polyetyleenistä, varsinkin verkkoutumattomas-ta polyetyleenistä olevia solumuovisia onttoprofiileja.
3. Patenttivaatimuksen 1 ja 2 mukainen menetelmä, ·.·. tunnettu siitä, että käytetään joustavia, : ’ vaahdotettuja pienen tiheyden omaavia polyetyleenejä, : edullisesti tilavuuspainoltaan alle 50 kg/in olevia solu- \ muovisia onttoprofiileja . « Λ v t H 1 ·· · i 1 ) Patentkray 85744
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ATA307486A (de) 1993-01-15
IT8622397A0 (it) 1986-11-19
DK554086A (da) 1987-05-20
FR2590297B1 (fr) 1991-11-15
JPS62169626A (ja) 1987-07-25
CH672674A5 (fi) 1989-12-15
BE905765A (fr) 1987-03-16
US4755408A (en) 1988-07-05
FR2590297A1 (fr) 1987-05-22
FI864678A0 (fi) 1986-11-18
DE3541052A1 (de) 1987-05-21
GR862735B (en) 1987-03-19
FI864678A (fi) 1987-05-20
LU86658A1 (de) 1987-05-04
GB2184758A (en) 1987-07-01
SE8604909L (sv) 1987-05-20
JPS62121270A (ja) 1987-06-02
GB8627592D0 (en) 1986-12-17
NO864596L (no) 1987-05-20
NO864596D0 (no) 1986-11-18
GB2184758B (en) 1990-04-11
SE8604909D0 (sv) 1986-11-17
FI85744C (fi) 1992-05-25
DK554086D0 (da) 1986-11-19
NL8602935A (nl) 1987-06-16
ES2002068A6 (es) 1988-07-01
IT1198127B (it) 1988-12-21

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